CN114069969B - Motor and vehicle - Google Patents
Motor and vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114069969B CN114069969B CN202010768985.8A CN202010768985A CN114069969B CN 114069969 B CN114069969 B CN 114069969B CN 202010768985 A CN202010768985 A CN 202010768985A CN 114069969 B CN114069969 B CN 114069969B
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- Prior art keywords
- oil
- end plate
- stator
- groove
- ring
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 427
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a motor, which comprises a casing, a stator, a first end cover, a second end cover, a first oil injection ring, a rotor, a first end plate and a second end plate, wherein the stator is arranged in an inner cavity of the casing, the first oil injection ring is arranged on the inner side surface of the first end cover, and a first oil injection hole is formed in the first oil injection ring; the rotor includes rotor core, rotor magnet steel and pivot, is equipped with the rotor oil circuit in the rotor core, is equipped with the pivot oil circuit in the pivot, and first end plate is established in the first end of rotor core, is equipped with first oil groove on the medial surface that first end plate is relative with rotor core, and first oil groove communicates with pivot oil circuit and rotor oil circuit respectively, is equipped with the first end plate oil outlet with first oil groove and casing inner chamber intercommunication on the lateral surface of first end plate. According to the motor provided by the embodiment of the invention, the heat dissipation effect is good, and particularly, the multiple cooling is performed for the stator winding with serious heat generation, so that the performance of the motor can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a motor and a vehicle.
Background
At present, the driving motor of the new energy automobile gradually tends to be high in power density and speed, and the heat dissipation capability of the motor is also required to be higher. The high heat of the motor directly affects the service life of the insulating material of the motor and the reliability of the operation of the motor, particularly for the motor, the high temperature increases the demagnetization risk of the permanent magnet and reduces the performance of the permanent magnet, and the temperature of the stator winding end is the highest temperature point of the whole motor because the position of the motor stator winding end cannot directly transfer heat with the outside.
The motor oil cooling mode in the related art mainly aims at cooling the stator and comprises the steps that an oil way is designed in a shell, and a drainage structure is additionally arranged above a winding; or adopting an oil bath mode, adding cooling oil into the motor to immerse the rotor in the cooling oil, and throwing the oil onto the motor for cooling through rotation of the rotor; or cooling by adopting a mode of connecting the stator oil way and the rotor oil way in series. However, the above methods have defects such as increased volume of the motor, complex structure, uneven air gap of the motor, and easy oil accumulation.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
To this end, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention proposes an electric machine with an improved cooling effect.
An embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention proposes a vehicle having the above-described motor.
An electric machine according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention comprises a housing having an inner cavity, the housing being provided with a housing oil inlet; the stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding, the stator is arranged in an inner cavity of the shell, a cooling oil duct is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the stator core and the inner peripheral wall of the shell, and the cooling oil duct is communicated with the oil inlet of the shell; the first end cover and the second end cover are provided with end cover oil inlet holes, the first end cover is arranged at the first end of the shell, and the second end cover is arranged at the second end of the shell; the first oil injection ring is arranged on the inner side of the first end cover, an oil injection space communicated with the cooling oil duct is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the first oil injection ring and the inner peripheral wall of the casing, a plurality of first oil injection holes are arranged on the first oil injection ring at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first oil injection ring, and the first oil injection holes are communicated with the oil injection space and used for injecting cooling oil from the outer periphery of the stator towards the first end of the stator winding; the rotor comprises a rotor core, rotor magnetic steel and a rotating shaft, wherein a rotor oil way is arranged in the rotor core, a rotating shaft oil way is arranged in the rotating shaft, a rotating shaft oil inlet and a rotating shaft oil outlet which are communicated with the rotating shaft oil way are arranged on the rotating shaft, a first end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the first end cover to extend out of the shell, and the rotating shaft oil inlet is communicated with the end cover oil inlet; the first end plate is arranged at the first end of the rotor core and is matched with the rotating shaft, a first oil groove is formed in the inner side surface of the first end plate opposite to the rotor core, the first oil groove is respectively communicated with the rotating shaft oil outlet and the rotor oil way, and a first end plate oil outlet for communicating the first oil groove with the inner cavity of the shell is formed in the outer side surface of the first end plate; the second end plate is arranged at the second end of the rotor core and matched with the rotating shaft, a second oil groove is formed in the inner side face, opposite to the rotor core, of the second end plate, the second oil groove is communicated with the rotor oil way, and a second end plate oil outlet hole used for communicating the second oil groove with the inner cavity of the shell is formed in the outer side face of the second end plate.
According to the motor provided by the embodiment of the invention, the flowing path of the cooling liquid is long, the heat dissipation effect on the shell, the stator and the rotor is good, and particularly, the stator winding with serious heat generation is cooled through the first oil spray hole, the first end plate oil outlet hole and the second end plate oil outlet hole, so that the heat dissipation performance of the motor is higher, meanwhile, the rotor magnetic steel can be effectively cooled, the magnetic steel temperature rise is reduced, and the output performance of the motor under a high-speed working condition is improved. The motor according to the embodiment of the invention can exert larger torque and power for the motor with the same volume.
In some embodiments, the motor further comprises a second oil injection ring, the second oil injection ring is arranged on the inner side of the second end cover, an oil injection space communicated with the cooling oil duct is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the second oil injection ring and the inner peripheral wall of the casing, a plurality of second oil injection holes are arranged on the second oil injection ring at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second oil injection ring, and the second oil injection holes are communicated with the oil injection space and are used for injecting cooling oil from the outer periphery of the stator towards the second end of the stator winding.
In some embodiments, the first injection ring is removably mounted on or integrally formed with the first end cap and/or the second injection ring is removably mounted on or integrally formed with the second end cap.
In some embodiments, the cross section of the first oil spray holes is circular, and the cross section area of the first oil spray hole with high position is larger than that of the first oil spray hole with low position in two adjacent first oil spray holes; and/or the cross section of the second oil spray holes is circular, and the cross section area of the second oil spray holes which are arranged high in two adjacent second oil spray holes is larger than that of the second oil spray holes which are arranged low in position.
In some embodiments, the first oil injection ring is divided into a first upper ring section located above the center of the first oil injection ring and a first lower ring section located below the center of the first oil injection ring, the cross-sectional area of the first oil injection hole on the first upper ring section gradually increases in the radial direction of the first oil injection ring in the outside-in direction, and the cross-sectional area of the first oil injection hole on the first lower ring section gradually decreases in the radial direction of the first oil injection ring in the outside-in direction; and/or the second oil spraying ring is divided into a second upper ring section positioned above the center of the second oil spraying ring and a second lower ring section positioned below the center of the second oil spraying ring, the cross section area of the second oil spraying hole on the second upper ring section gradually increases along the radial direction of the second oil spraying ring from outside to inside, and the cross section area of the second oil spraying hole on the second lower ring section gradually decreases along the radial direction of the second oil spraying ring from outside to inside.
In some embodiments, the first oil groove includes a first communication groove, a first guide groove, and a first oil outlet groove, a first end of the first communication groove is communicated with the spindle oil outlet hole, a second end of the first communication groove is communicated with the first guide groove, a first end of the first oil outlet groove is communicated with the first guide groove, and a second end of the first oil outlet groove is communicated with the first end plate oil outlet hole; the second oil groove comprises a second annular groove and a second oil outlet groove, the second annular groove is communicated with the rotor oil way, the first end of the second oil outlet groove is communicated with the second annular groove, and the second end of the second oil outlet groove is communicated with the oil outlet hole of the second end plate.
In some embodiments, the first communication groove is offset from the first oil outlet groove in a radial direction of the first end plate.
In some embodiments, the first communication grooves are a plurality of and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first end plate, the first communication grooves extend along the radial direction of the first end plate, the first oil outlet grooves are a plurality of and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first end plate, and the first oil outlet grooves extend along the radial direction of the first end plate;
The second oil outlet grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second end plate, and extend along the radial direction of the second end plate.
In some embodiments, the lead wires of the stator winding extend from the second end cover side, the number of the first end plate oil outlets is N1 and the first end plate oil outlets are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first end plate, the number of the second end plate oil outlets is N2 and the second end plate oil outlets are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second end plate, wherein N1 < N2.
In some embodiments, the number of first end plate oil outlet holes is less than the number of second end plate oil outlet holes.
In some embodiments, the aperture of the first end plate oil outlet is smaller than the aperture of the second end plate oil outlet.
In some embodiments, the opening direction of the outlet end of the first end plate oil outlet hole and the opening direction of the outlet end of the second end plate oil outlet hole are both toward the stator.
In some embodiments, the outer peripheral wall of the stator core is provided with a stator groove and/or a trim extending in an axial direction of the stator core, and the cooling oil passage is formed by the stator groove and/or the trim.
In some embodiments, the outer peripheral wall of the stator core is provided with at least one stator circumferential groove, and the at least one stator circumferential groove extends along the circumferential direction of the stator core, so that the stator core is divided into a plurality of non-groove core segments and at least one groove core segment along the axial direction of the stator core, and the outer peripheral wall of the non-groove core segment is provided with stator grooves and/or trimming edges which extend along the axial direction of the stator core and are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the stator core.
In some embodiments, the stator groove is rectangular, and the depth of the stator groove satisfies the relationship: wherein a is the depth of a stator groove, rout is the outer diameter of the stator, rin is the inner diameter of the stator, L is the yoke thickness of the stator, h is the stack thickness of the stator, and k1 is a coefficient and is 0.05-0.1.
In some embodiments, the depth of the cut edge satisfies the relationshipWherein b is the depth of the trimming, rout is the outer diameter of the stator, rin is the inner diameter of the stator, L is the yoke thickness of the stator, h is the stack thickness of the stator, and k1 is a coefficient and is 0.05-0.1.
In some embodiments, the plurality of casing oil inlets are distributed along the circumferential direction of the motor casing, an included angle alpha between central axes of adjacent casing oil inlets is less than or equal to 180 degrees, and a central angle beta between the center of the casing oil inlet and a projection of a center of a nearest trimming edge thereof on the cross section of the stator core is 0-5 degrees.
A vehicle according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention comprises an electric machine according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rotor and shaft according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a chassis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a first end cap according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5a is a cross-sectional view of a first end cap according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5b is a partial view A of a cross-sectional view of a first end cap according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5c is a partial view B of a cross-sectional view of a first end cap according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a second end cap according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6a is a cross-sectional view of a second end cap according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6b is a partial view C of a cross-sectional view of a second end cap according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6c is a partial view D of a cross-sectional view of a second end cap according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a first end plate according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is another schematic illustration of a first end plate according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a second end plate according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is another schematic illustration of a second end plate according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a stator core according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of a stator core according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 13 is a partial schematic view of a stator core stator lamination in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic view of a stator lamination of a stator core in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a chassis according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a housing according to yet another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 17 is a graph of the coefficient K1 of the motor versus the pressure drop and the maximum temperature rise rate of the motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a graph of the coefficient K2 of the motor versus the pressure drop and the maximum temperature rise rate of the motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a graphical representation of the central angle beta projected from the center of the oil inlet of the housing and the center of the trimmed edge, versus the pressure drop and the maximum temperature rise rate of the motor, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a first end cap according to another embodiment of the invention;
fig. 21 is a schematic view of a second end cap according to another embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
1. A rotor core; 11. a rotor oil path;
2. A rotating shaft; 21. a rotating shaft oil path; 22. an oil inlet of the rotating shaft; 23. a rotating shaft oil outlet hole;
3. A first end plate; 31. a first communication groove; 32. a first guide groove; 33. a first oil outlet groove; 34. a first end plate oil outlet hole;
4. a second end plate; 41. a second communication groove, 42, a second annular groove; 43. the second oil outlet groove; 44. a second end plate oil outlet hole;
5. a stator core; 51. a cooling oil passage; 52. a stator groove; 53. trimming; 54. a stator circumferential groove;
6. A first end cap; 61. a first oil injection ring; 611. a first oil injection hole;
7. a second end cap; 71. the second oil spraying ring; 711. a second oil injection hole; 72. an oil inlet of the end cover;
8. A housing; 81. and an oil inlet of the shell.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2 and 4, the motor according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a casing 8, a first end cover 6, a second end cover 7, a stator, and a rotor. The casing 8 has an inner cavity for accommodating the stator and rotor components.
The first end cap 6 is provided at a first end (left end in fig. 1) of the casing 8, and the first oil spray ring 61 is provided inside the first end cap 6. The second end cap 7 is disposed at a second end 9 (right end in fig. 1) of the casing 8, and the second end cap 7 is provided with an end cap oil inlet 72. The stator is composed of a stator core 5 and a stator winding, the stator winding is wound on the stator core 5, a cooling oil duct 51 is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the stator core 5 and the inner peripheral wall of the casing 8, and the casing 8 is provided with a casing oil inlet 81 communicated with the cooling oil duct 51.
The rotor comprises rotor core 1, rotor magnet steel and pivot 2, and the rotor is established in the casing and is spaced apart with the stator, and the rotor is established in the inboard of stator, is equipped with rotor oil circuit 11 in the rotor core 1.
As shown in fig. 5, an oil injection space communicating with the cooling oil passage 51 is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the first oil injection ring 61 and the inner peripheral wall of the casing 8, and a plurality of first oil injection holes 611 are provided on the first oil injection ring 61 at intervals in the circumferential direction of the first oil injection ring 61, the first oil injection holes 611 communicating with the oil injection space for injecting cooling oil from the outer periphery of the stator toward the first end of the stator winding.
As shown in fig. 3, the rotating shaft 2 penetrates through the rotor core 1 and is matched with the rotor core 1, a rotating shaft oil way 21 is arranged in the rotating shaft 2, a rotating shaft oil inlet 22 and a rotating shaft oil outlet 23 are arranged on the rotating shaft 2, the rotating shaft oil inlet 22 and the rotating shaft oil outlet 23 are both communicated with the rotating shaft oil way 21 and used for discharging oil and feeding oil, a first end of the rotating shaft 2 penetrates through the first end cover 6 to extend out of the casing 8 to serve as an output shaft of the motor, the rotating shaft oil inlet 22 is communicated with an end cover oil inlet 72 arranged on the second end cover 7, and a certain gap is needed to be formed between the rotating shaft oil inlet 22 and the end cover oil inlet 72, so that the rotating shaft 2 is prevented from being contacted with the second end cover 7, friction force is generated, normal rotation of the rotating shaft is affected, and cooling oil is injected into the rotating shaft oil inlet 22 through the end cover oil inlet 72 and enters the rotating shaft oil way.
The motor further comprises a first end plate 3 and a second end plate 4, the first end plate 3 is arranged at the first end of the rotor core 1 and sleeved on the rotating shaft 2, a first oil groove is formed in the inner side surface of the first end plate 3, the inner side surface refers to a surface opposite to the rotor core 1, the first oil groove is respectively communicated with the rotating shaft oil outlet 23 and the rotor oil path 11, a first end plate oil outlet 34 for communicating the first oil groove with the inner cavity of the casing 8 is formed in the outer side surface of the first end plate 3, it is understood that the first end plate oil outlet 34 is a through hole, the first end plate oil outlet 34 penetrates through the first end plate 3 along the thickness direction of the first end plate, and one end of the first end plate oil outlet 34 is communicated with the first oil groove.
Similarly, the second end plate 4 is disposed at the second end of the rotor core 1 and sleeved on the rotating shaft 2, the inner side surface of the second end plate 4 is provided with a second oil groove, the second oil groove is communicated with the rotor oil path 11, the second end plate 4 is provided with a second end plate oil outlet 44, and the second end plate oil outlet 44 is communicated with the second oil groove.
The motor provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises three cooling oil paths, namely a cooling oil path, a rotor oil path and a rotating shaft oil path, wherein the cooling oil path is mainly used for cooling a shell, a stator core and a stator winding, and the rotor oil path and the rotating shaft oil path are used for cooling and radiating the rotor core, the rotor magnetic steel and the stator winding.
Specifically, the cooling oil enters the cooling oil flow channel through the casing oil inlet 81, firstly cools the stator core 5 and the casing 8, then flows to the first end of the stator core 5, enters the oil injection space, and enters the first oil injection hole 611 through the oil injection space, the cooling oil can be sprayed out through the first oil injection hole 611 under the action of external pressure and gravity, and the cooling oil is sprayed to the first end of the stator winding to cool the first end of the stator winding.
The rotating shaft oil way 21 is communicated with the rotor oil way 11 through the rotating shaft oil outlet 23, the communication is indirect communication, cooling oil firstly cools and dissipates heat to the rotating shaft 2 after entering the rotating shaft oil way 21, then the cooling oil flows into the first oil groove from the rotating shaft oil outlet, part of the cooling oil is thrown into the inner cavity of the first end of the shell 8 through the first end plate oil outlet 34 under the action of centrifugal force, thereby cooling down the stator winding in the inner cavity, the rest of the cooling oil enters the rotor oil way 11 through the first oil groove, thereby cooling down the rotor iron core 1 and the rotor magnetic steel, flows into the second oil groove of the second end plate through the rotor oil way 11, finally is thrown into the inner cavity of the second end of the shell 8 through the second end plate oil outlet 44, cools down the stator winding, and finally the cooling oil in the inner cavity of the shell 8 enters the oil return pipeline through the end cover oil outlet (not shown), and reenters each oil way after cooling. Because the rotating shaft and the rotor core 1 rotate, the cooling oil entering the inner cavity of the casing 8 through the first end plate oil outlet 34 and the second end plate oil outlet 44 is thrown into the inner cavity of the casing, so that the stator winding positioned on the outer periphery side of the rotor core 1 can be cooled better, and the cooling effect is improved.
According to the motor provided by the embodiment of the invention, the cooling liquid oil duct, the rotating shaft oil duct and the rotor oil duct are arranged, the flowing path of cooling liquid is long, and the cooling liquid has good heat dissipation effect on the machine shell, the stator and the rotor, especially for the stator winding with serious heat generation, the cooling liquid is cooled in multiple modes through the first oil spray hole, the first end plate oil outlet and the second end plate oil outlet 44, the heat dissipation performance of the motor is better, meanwhile, the rotor magnetic steel can be effectively cooled, the temperature rise of the magnetic steel is reduced, and the output performance of the motor under a high-speed working condition is improved. The motor according to the embodiment of the invention can have larger torque and power for the same volume of motor.
As shown in fig. 6, in some embodiments, a second oil injection ring 71 is provided inside the second end cover 7, and likewise, an oil injection space communicating with the cooling oil passage 51 is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the second oil injection ring 71 and the inner peripheral wall of the casing 8, a plurality of second oil injection holes 711 are provided on the second oil injection ring 71 at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second oil injection ring 71, and the second oil injection holes 711 communicate with the oil injection space for injecting cooling oil from the outer periphery of the stator toward the second end of the stator winding.
The liquid outlet end of the cooling oil passage 51 is located at the end of the stator core 5 and communicates with the oil injection spaces at both ends, and the cooling oil enters the first oil injection hole 611 and the second oil injection hole 711 through the first oil injection ring 61 and the second oil injection ring 71, respectively, and is ejected from the first oil injection hole 611 and the second oil injection hole 711. Therefore, the first oil spraying ring 61 cools the first end of the stator winding, the second oil spraying ring 71 cools the second end of the stator winding, the overall cooling effect is better, the cooling efficiency can be adjusted through the pressure and flow of external cooling oil, the problem of low cooling efficiency caused by oil throwing through motor rotation speed control is avoided, and the controllability is high. In addition, the cooling oil passage 51 directly conveys cooling oil to the end portions of the stator windings, the cooling pertinence is strong, and the cooling effect and the motor performance are further improved.
In some embodiments, the first spray ring 61 is removably coupled to the first end cap 6, and the first spray ring 61 is removably mounted on an inner side of the first end cap 6. The second injection ring 71 is detachably mounted on the inner side of the second end cap 7. Alternatively, the first oil spray ring 61 may be non-detachably mounted on the inner side of the first end cap 6 after being separately processed, and the second oil spray ring 71 may be non-detachably mounted on the inner side of the second end cap 7 after being separately processed.
In some embodiments, the first oil spray ring 61 is integrally formed with the first end cap 6. The second oil spraying ring 71 is integrally formed with the second end cover 7, so that the structure is stable, the strength is high, the oil spraying ring can bear larger pressure, and the reliability is high.
As shown in fig. 20 and 21, in some embodiments, the cross-section of the first oil jet 611 is circular, and the cross-sectional area of the first oil jet 611 at a high position is larger than the cross-sectional area of the first oil jet 611 at a low position in two adjacent first oil jets 611. Similarly, the cross section of the second fuel injection holes 711 is circular, and the cross sectional area of the second fuel injection hole 711 positioned high is larger than the cross sectional area of the second fuel injection hole 711 positioned low in the adjacent two second fuel injection holes 711.
Since the housing oil inlet 81 is located at the top of the housing 8, the pressures of the first and second oil injection holes 611 and 711 near the upper part are large, and the pressures of the lower part are small, and by setting the cross-sectional areas of the first and second oil injection holes 611 and 711 as described above, the uniformity of the cooling oil injection can be ensured, and the cooling effect can be improved.
As shown in fig. 5a, 5b and 5c, in some embodiments, the first injection ring 61 is divided into a first upper ring section located above the center of the first injection ring and a first lower ring section located below the center of the first injection ring. The cross-sectional area of the first oil injection hole 611 on the first upper ring segment gradually increases along the radial direction of the first oil injection ring from outside to inside, that is, the first oil injection hole 611 on the first upper ring segment is tapered from outside to inside, and the cross-sectional area of the first oil injection hole on the first lower ring segment gradually decreases along the radial direction of the first oil injection ring from outside to inside, that is, the first oil injection hole 611 on the first lower ring segment is tapered from outside to inside. Similarly, as shown in fig. 6a, 6b and 6c, the second injection ring 71 is divided into a second upper ring section located above the center of the second injection ring and a second lower ring section located below the center of the second injection ring. The cross-sectional area of the second oil injection hole on the second upper ring segment gradually increases along the radial direction of the second oil injection ring from outside to inside, namely, the second oil injection hole 711 on the second upper ring segment is tapered from outside to inside, and the cross-sectional area of the second oil injection hole on the second lower ring segment gradually decreases along the radial direction of the second oil injection ring from outside to inside, namely, the second oil injection hole 711 on the second lower ring segment is tapered from outside to inside.
Therefore, the shapes of the first oil spraying holes and the second oil spraying holes which are positioned on the first upper ring section and the second upper ring section are small outside and large inside, the cooling liquid on the upper side flows to the end part of the stator winding through the conical holes under the action of gravity as the dominant acting force, the spraying range is enlarged, and the cooling liquid can fully contact with the end part of the stator winding. The shapes of the first oil spraying holes and the second oil spraying holes which are positioned on the first upper ring section and the second upper ring section are large outside and small inside, and the cooling liquid at the lower side is cooled by the reverse taper holes under the condition that the external pressure is dominant acting force, so that the flow velocity is increased and then the cooling liquid can be sprayed to the outer side of the end part of the stator winding, and the cooling effect is further improved.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in some embodiments, the first oil groove includes a first communication groove 31, a first guide groove 32, and a first oil discharge groove 33, a first end of the first communication groove 31 communicates with the rotation shaft oil outlet hole 23, and a second end of the first communication groove 31 communicates with the first guide groove 32. The first guide groove 32 is preferably annular. The cooling oil in the rotating shaft oil path 21 enters the first communicating groove 31 through the rotating shaft oil outlet 23, flows from the first end of the first communicating groove 31 to the second end, flows into the first guiding groove 32 from the second end of the first communicating groove 31, then enters the first end of the first oil outlet groove 33 through the first guiding groove 32, part of the cooling oil is sprayed out through the second end of the first oil outlet groove 33 and the first end plate oil outlet 34, and the rest of the cooling oil enters the rotor oil path 11 through the first guiding groove 32 and flows to the second oil groove.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the second oil groove includes a second guide groove 42 and a second oil discharge groove 43, the second guide groove 42 communicates with the rotor oil passage 11, and the second guide groove 42 is preferably annular. The second end of the second oil discharge groove 43 communicates with a second end plate oil discharge hole 44. The cooling oil in the rotor oil passage 11 first flows into the second guide groove 42, flows into the first end of the second oil discharge groove 43 through the second guide groove 42, and finally is thrown out through the oil discharge holes 44 of the second end plate 4.
In the above description, the first end plate 3 is different from the second end plate 4 in that the first end plate 3 has the first communication groove 31 communicating with the rotation shaft oil outlet hole 23, and the second end plate 4 does not have the communication groove. However, for convenience of processing and cost reduction, for example, when the first end plate 3 and the second end plate 4 are processed, the same mold may be used for manufacturing, and the second end plate 4 is also processed with the second communicating groove 41 similar to the first communicating groove 31, and since the rotating shaft is not provided with the rotating shaft oil outlet hole communicating with the second communicating groove 41, the cooling liquid cannot enter the second communicating groove 41 from the rotating shaft oil outlet hole, thereby not affecting the normal use of the second end plate 4.
In some embodiments, the first communication groove 31 and the first oil discharge groove 33 are offset in the radial direction of the first end plate 3, in other words, the first communication groove 31 and the first oil discharge groove 33 cannot be aligned with each other.
The number of the first communicating grooves 31 and the first oil outlet grooves 33 is four, the included angle of two adjacent communicating grooves is 90 degrees, the included angle of two adjacent first oil outlet grooves 33 is 90 degrees, each first communicating groove 31 is staggered with the first oil outlet grooves 33 in the radial direction of the first end plate 3, so that under the condition that the number of the rotating shaft oil outlet holes 23 is different from that of the first communicating grooves 31, cooling oil entering the first communicating grooves 31 through the rotating shaft oil outlet holes 23 can flow in the first guiding grooves 32, and cooling oil can flow into each first oil outlet groove 33 instead of directly entering the first oil outlet grooves 33 from the first communicating grooves 31.
In some embodiments, the first communicating grooves 31 are plural and are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the first end plate 3, the first communicating grooves 31 extend in the radial direction of the first end plate 3, the first oil discharge grooves 33 are plural and are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the first end plate 3, the first oil discharge grooves 33 extend in the radial direction of the first end plate 3, likewise, the second oil discharge grooves 43 are plural and are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the second end plate 4, and the second oil discharge grooves 43 extend in the radial direction of the second end plate 4. It should be noted that the number of the first communication grooves 31 may be different from the number of the first oil discharge grooves 33, and the number of the first oil discharge grooves 33 may be different from the number of the second oil discharge grooves 43.
In some embodiments, the number of first end plate oil outlet holes 34 is N1, the first end plate oil outlet holes 34 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first end plate 3, the number of second end plate oil outlet holes 44 is N2, and the second end plate oil outlet holes 44 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second end plate 4, where N1 < N2.
It should be noted that, when the rotor assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention is mounted in the stator, the second end plate corresponds to the outlet end of the stator winding, that is, the outlet wire of the stator winding extends out of the casing of the motor from the second end plate side, and since the outlet end of the stator winding has the outlet wire and is higher than the non-outlet end of the stator winding, the heat productivity is large, and compared with the heat productivity, the non-outlet end of the stator winding has no outlet wire and is higher than the outlet end of the stator winding, and therefore, the heat productivity is relatively small, and therefore, by setting the number of the outlet holes of the second end plate to be greater than the number of the outlet holes of the first end plate, the cooling effect can be further improved. Of course, if the lead wires of the stator winding extend out of the housing of the motor from the first end plate side, the number of the first end plate oil outlet holes is set to be larger than the number of the second end plate oil outlet holes accordingly.
In addition, the number of the first end plate oil outlet holes 34 and the number of the second end plate oil outlet holes 43 may be different. Preferably, the number of the first end plate oil outlet holes 34 is smaller than the number of the second end plate oil outlet holes 43. Thus, even cooling of both ends of the stator winding can be better achieved.
Alternatively, the aperture of the first end plate oil outlet hole 34 is smaller than the aperture of the second end plate oil outlet hole 43. Thus, even cooling of both ends of the stator winding can be better achieved.
In some embodiments, the number of the oil outlet holes 34 of the first end plate 3 is two, the number of the oil outlet holes 44 of the second end plate is four, the oil outlet holes 34 of the first end plate are oppositely arranged along the radial direction of the first end plate 3, and the oil outlet holes 44 of the second end plate are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second end plate 4.
As shown in fig. 7 and 9, the number of the first oil outlet grooves 33 and the second oil outlet grooves 43 is four, two first end plate oil outlet holes 34 are arranged in two opposite first oil outlet grooves 33, four second end plate oil outlet holes 44 are respectively arranged in four second oil outlet grooves 43, and thus, partial cooling oil can be better ensured to enter the rotor oil path 11 through the first oil grooves, and then be sprayed out through the second end plate oil outlet holes 44.
In some embodiments, the opening direction of the outlet end of the first end plate oil outlet 34 and the opening direction of the outlet end of the second end plate oil outlet 44 are both toward the stator winding. In other words, the opening direction of the outlet end of the first end plate oil outlet hole 34 is directed outward in the radial direction of the first end plate. In other embodiments, the opening direction of the outlet end of the second end plate oil outlet hole 44 is directed outward in the radial direction of the second end plate. This makes it possible to better spray the cooling oil directly to the end portions of the stator windings on the outer periphery of the rotor core 1, and to improve the cooling efficiency.
As shown in fig. 11, in some embodiments, the outer peripheral wall of the stator core 5 is provided with stator grooves 52 and/or cut edges 53 extending axially to the stator core 5, and the stator grooves 52 and the cut edges 53 are each distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the stator core 5, and the space between the stator grooves 52 and/or cut edges 53 and the inner peripheral wall of the casing 8 is the cooling oil passage 51. In other words, the outer peripheral wall of the stator core 5 may be provided with only the stator groove 52, only the trimming 53, or both the stator groove 52 and the trimming 53.
The stator grooves 52 are formed, so that the contact area between the cooling oil and the stator core 5 can be effectively increased, and the cooling oil can be more fully contacted with the stator core 5, thereby reducing the contact thermal resistance between the cooling liquid and the stator core 5, improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the stator core 5, and saving the raw materials of the stator core 5. The arrangement of the trimming edge 53 can increase the volume of the cooling fluid channel, improve the flowing state of cooling oil, enable the cooling fluid to flow more fully and uniformly, reduce the flowing energy loss, reduce the surface area of the cooling fluid channel, reduce the flow resistance of the channel, improve the cooling efficiency, and in addition, the trimming edge 53 further enables the structural volume of the stator core 5 to be reduced, saves raw materials and reduces the production cost.
As shown in fig. 12, in some embodiments, the stator core 5 is provided with stator circumferential grooves 54 on the outer circumferential wall, the number of the stator circumferential grooves 54 is at least one, and the stator core 5 is divided into a groove core segment and a non-groove core segment in its axial direction, the number of the non-groove core segments being at least two. It will be appreciated that the core segment in which the stator circumferential groove 54 is located is a groove core segment, and the other core segments are non-groove core segments, each groove core segment being disposed between two non-groove core segments. The stator circumferential grooves 54 can also save materials and effectively reduce the cost of raw materials, and the stator circumferential grooves 54 can also increase the contact area between the cooling liquid and the stator core 5 and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the stator core 5.
Further, the stator groove 52 and/or the trimming edge 53 are/is arranged on the peripheral wall of the non-groove core section, and the stator groove 52, the trimming edge 53 and the stator circumferential groove 54 are combined, so that the volume of the stator core 5 is greatly reduced, the cost is reduced, the contact area between cooling oil and the stator core 5 is larger, and the heat dissipation effect is better.
Specifically, the stator groove 52 is rectangular, and the depth of the stator groove 52 satisfies the relationship: where a is the depth of the stator groove 52, rout is the outer diameter of the stator core 5, rin is the inner diameter of the stator core 5, L is the yoke thickness of the stator core 5, h is the stack thickness of the stator core 5, and k1 is a factor and is 0.05-0.1.
In order to further increase the contact area between the stator core 5 and the cooling liquid, the stator groove 52 is rectangular, so that both side surfaces and one bottom surface of the stator groove 52 can be in contact with the cooling liquid, and the cooling effect of the cooling liquid on the stator core 52 is effectively improved.
As shown in fig. 17, the inventors found through studies that as the coefficient K1 gradually increases, the pressure drop of the motor (i.e., the flow resistance of the coolant) increases, and the maximum temperature rise rate of the motor decreases. The greater the pressure drop, the higher the lift of the oil pump required to supply the cooling liquid to the motor, the less the motor temperature rise corresponds to the thermal performance of the motor, wen Shengyue is small, the better the service life and performance of the motor, the coefficient K1 is taken to be 0.05-0.1 after comprehensive consideration, the smaller the pressure drop of the motor in the value range, the smaller the maximum temperature rise rate of the motor, the better the thermal performance of the motor, and the better the heat dissipation effect of the stator groove 52.
In some embodiments, the depth of the cut edge 53 satisfies the relationship: As shown in fig. 13 and 14, where b is the depth of the cut edge 53, rout is the outer diameter of the stator core 5, rin is the inner diameter of the stator core 5, L is the yoke thickness of the stator core 5, h is the stack thickness of the stator core 5, and k2 is a coefficient and is 0.05-0.1.
As shown in fig. 18, the inventors found that as the coefficient K2 increases, the voltage drop of the motor (the flow resistance of the coolant) increases, the maximum temperature rise rate of the motor gradually decreases, and the coefficient is selected to be 0.05-0.1 by comprehensive consideration, the voltage drop of the motor in the value range is smaller, the maximum temperature rise of the motor is smaller, the thermal performance of the motor is good, the heat dissipation effect of the stator core 5 is better, raw materials can be saved, and the raw material cost is reduced by 5.3%.
As shown in fig. 15 and 16, in some embodiments, the casing oil inlets 81 are plural and distributed along the circumferential direction of the casing 8, and an included angle α between central axes of adjacent casing oil inlets 81 is 180 degrees or less, and a central angle β between the center of the casing oil inlet 81 and a projection of the center of the closest cut edge 53 thereof on the cross section of the stator core 5 is 0-5 degrees.
It will be understood that the central angle β refers to a line connecting the center of the liquid inlet and the center of the stator core 5, and a line connecting the midpoint of the edge 53 closest to the liquid inlet and the center of the stator core 5, and an included angle between the projections of the two straight lines on the cross section of the stator core 5 is 0-5 degrees.
As shown in fig. 19, the horizontal axis of the graph shows the angle of the above-mentioned central angle β, the vertical axis shows the pressure drop and the motor maximum temperature rise, and the inventors found through the study that the speed of the pressure drop and the motor maximum temperature rise increase is slower (the slopes of the two curves are smaller) when the above-mentioned central angle β is gradually increased in 0 to 5 degrees, and the speed of the pressure drop and the motor maximum temperature rise increase of the cooling system is significantly accelerated (the slopes of the two curves are increased) when the angle of the central angle β is gradually increased in 5 to 10 degrees, the requirement for the oil pump lift is increased, resulting in the increase of the motor cost, poor motor thermal performance, and therefore the central angle between the center of the liquid inlet and the projection of the center of the closest cut edge 53 on the cross section of the stator core 5 is set to 0 to 5 degrees.
An electric machine according to some specific examples of the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the motor according to a specific example of the present invention includes a housing 8, a first end cover 6, a second end cover 7, a stator, and a rotor.
The first end cover 6 is installed at the first end of the casing 8, the inner side of the first end cover 6 is provided with a first oil injection ring 61, the second end cover 7 is installed at the second end of the casing 8, the inner side of the second end cover 7 is provided with a second oil injection ring 71, the second end cover 7 is provided with an end cover oil inlet 72, the first oil injection ring 61 and the first end cover 6 are of an integrated structure, and the second oil injection ring 71 and the second end cover 7 are of an integrated structure.
The stator comprises a stator core 5 and a stator winding, a cooling oil duct 51 is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the stator core 5 and the inner peripheral wall of the casing 8, the casing 8 is further provided with a plurality of casing oil inlets 81 communicated with the cooling oil duct 51, the casing oil inlets 81 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the casing 8, an included angle between central axes of adjacent casing oil inlets 81 is less than or equal to 180 degrees, and a central angle between the center of the casing oil inlet 81 and the projection of the center of the nearest trimming 53 on the cross section of the stator core 5 is 0-5 degrees.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, an oil injection space communicating with the cooling oil passage 51 is formed between the outer peripheral walls of the first oil injection ring 61 and the second oil injection ring 71 and the inner peripheral wall of the casing 8, a plurality of first oil injection holes 611 are provided on the first oil injection ring 61, a plurality of second oil injection holes 711 are provided on the second oil injection ring 71, and the first oil injection holes 611 and the second oil injection holes 711 are both communicated with the oil injection space for injecting cooling oil from the outer periphery of the stator toward the first end and the second end of the stator winding, respectively.
The rotor includes rotor core 1, rotor magnet steel and pivot 2, is equipped with rotor oil circuit 11 in the rotor core 1, is equipped with pivot oil circuit 21 in the pivot 2, and the first end of pivot is equipped with pivot oil outlet 23, and the second end of pivot 2 is equipped with pivot oil inlet 22.
As shown in fig. 7 to 10, a first end of the rotor core 1 is provided with a first end plate 3, a second end of the rotor core 1 is provided with a second end plate 4, the first end plate 3 is provided with a first oil groove, the second end plate 4 is provided with a second oil groove, the first oil groove is communicated with the rotor oil outlet and the rotor oil path 11, and the second oil groove is communicated with the rotor oil path 11.
The first end plate 3 is provided with a first end plate oil outlet 34, a second end plate 4, a second end plate oil outlet 44, the first end plate oil outlet 34 communicates with the first oil groove, and the second end plate oil outlet 44 communicates with the second oil groove.
The first oil groove comprises a first communication groove 31, a first guide groove 32 and a first oil outlet groove 33, the first end of the first communication groove 31 is communicated with the rotating shaft oil outlet hole 23, the second end of the first communication groove 31 is communicated with the first guide groove 32, and the first guide groove 32 is communicated with the rotor oil way 11; the second oil groove includes a second guide groove 42 and a second oil discharge groove 43, the second guide groove 42 communicating with the rotor oil passage 11. The cooling oil in the rotating shaft oil path 21 enters the first communicating groove 31 through the rotating shaft oil outlet 23, flows into the second end from the first end of the first communicating groove 31, flows into the first guiding groove 32 from the second end of the first communicating groove 31, enters the first end of the first oil outlet groove 33 through the first guiding groove 32, is sprayed out from the second end of the first oil outlet groove 33 and the first end plate oil outlet 34, and the rest of the cooling oil enters the rotor oil path 11 through the first guiding groove 32, flows into the second guiding groove 42, flows into the first end of the second oil outlet groove 43 through the second guiding groove 42, and is finally thrown out through the second end plate oil outlet 44.
The first communicating grooves 31 are four and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first end plate 3, the first communicating grooves 31 extend along the radial direction of the first end plate 3, the first oil outlet grooves 33 are four and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first end plate 3, the first oil outlet grooves 33 extend along the radial direction of the first end plate 3, the included angles between two adjacent first communicating grooves 31 and two adjacent oil outlet grooves are 90 degrees, and the first communicating grooves 31 and the first oil outlet grooves 33 are arranged in a staggered manner.
The number of the first end plate oil outlet holes 34 is two, and are arranged oppositely in the radial direction of the first end plate 3, and are respectively communicated with the second ends of the two first oil outlet grooves 33. The second oil discharge grooves 43 are four and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second end plate, and the second oil discharge grooves 43 extend in the radial direction of the second end plate 4. The included angle between two adjacent second oil discharging grooves 43 is 90 degrees. The number of the second end plate oil outlet holes 44 is four, the second end plate oil outlet holes 44 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the second end plate 4 and are respectively communicated with the four second oil outlet grooves 43, and the second end plate oil outlet holes 44 and the second oil outlet grooves 43 are in one-to-one correspondence.
The opening direction of the outlet end of the first end plate oil outlet 34 is directed outward in the radial direction of the first end plate, and the opening direction of the second end plate oil outlet 44 is directed outward in the radial direction of the second end plate, so that the thrown-out cooling oil can be directly sprayed to the first end and the second end of the stator winding located at the outer periphery of the rotor core 1, thereby improving the cooling effect.
As shown in fig. 12, a stator circumferential groove 54 extending in the circumferential direction of the stator core 5 is provided on the circumferential wall of the stator core 5, and the stator circumferential groove 54 divides the stator core 5 into a groove core segment and two non-groove core segments, and a stator groove 52 and a cut edge 53 extending in the axial direction of the stator core 5 are provided on the two non-groove core segments, thereby reducing the volume of the stator core 5 and improving the cooling efficiency.
The stator groove 52 is rectangular, and the depth of the stator groove 52 satisfies the relationship: The depth of the cut edge 53 satisfies the relation: /(I) Where a is the depth of the stator groove 52, b is the depth of the cut edge 53, rout is the outer diameter of the stator core 5, rin is the inner diameter of the stator core 5, L is the yoke thickness of the stator core 5, h is the stack thickness of the stator core 5, k1 is a factor and is 0.05-0.1, and k2 is a factor and is 0.05-0.1. This can improve the cooling effect.
According to the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention, the motor is arranged, and the motor can improve the performance of the vehicle by improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor. The vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle or may be another new energy vehicle, and of course, in the embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle is not limited to this.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (18)
1. An electric machine, comprising:
the shell is provided with an inner cavity, and a shell oil inlet is formed in the shell;
The stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding, the stator is arranged in an inner cavity of the shell, a cooling oil duct is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the stator core and the inner peripheral wall of the shell, and the cooling oil duct is communicated with the oil inlet of the shell;
The first end cover and the second end cover are provided with end cover oil inlet holes, the first end cover is arranged at the first end of the shell, and the second end cover is arranged at the second end of the shell;
The first oil injection ring is arranged on the inner side of the first end cover, an oil injection space communicated with the cooling oil duct is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the first oil injection ring and the inner peripheral wall of the casing, a plurality of first oil injection holes are arranged on the first oil injection ring at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first oil injection ring, and the first oil injection holes are communicated with the oil injection space and used for injecting cooling oil from the outer periphery of the stator towards the first end of the stator winding;
The rotor comprises a rotor core, rotor magnetic steel and a rotating shaft, wherein a rotor oil way is arranged in the rotor core, a rotating shaft oil way is arranged in the rotating shaft, a rotating shaft oil inlet and a rotating shaft oil outlet which are communicated with the rotating shaft oil way are arranged on the rotating shaft, a first end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the first end cover to extend out of the shell, and the rotating shaft oil inlet is communicated with the end cover oil inlet;
The first end plate is arranged at the first end of the rotor core and is matched with the rotating shaft, a first oil groove is formed in the inner side surface of the first end plate opposite to the rotor core, the first oil groove is respectively communicated with the rotating shaft oil outlet and the rotor oil way, and a first end plate oil outlet for communicating the first oil groove with the inner cavity of the shell is formed in the outer side surface of the first end plate;
The second end plate is arranged at the second end of the rotor core and matched with the rotating shaft, a second oil groove is formed in the inner side face, opposite to the rotor core, of the second end plate, the second oil groove is communicated with the rotor oil way, and a second end plate oil outlet hole used for communicating the second oil groove with the inner cavity of the shell is formed in the outer side face of the second end plate.
2. The motor of claim 1, further comprising a second oil injection ring provided inside the second end cover, an oil injection space communicating with the cooling oil passage being formed between an outer peripheral wall of the second oil injection ring and an inner peripheral wall of the casing, a plurality of second oil injection holes arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction of the second oil injection ring being provided on the second oil injection ring, the second oil injection holes communicating with the oil injection space for injecting cooling oil from an outer periphery of the stator toward a second end of the stator winding.
3. The electric machine of claim 2, wherein the first injection ring is removably mounted on or integrally formed with the first end cap and/or the second injection ring is removably mounted on or integrally formed with the second end cap.
4. The motor of claim 2, wherein the cross section of the first oil jet is circular, and the cross section of the first oil jet with high position is larger than the cross section of the first oil jet with low position in two adjacent first oil jets; and/or the cross section of the second oil spray holes is circular, and the cross section area of the second oil spray holes which are arranged high in two adjacent second oil spray holes is larger than that of the second oil spray holes which are arranged low in position.
5. The electric motor of claim 2, wherein the first oil spray ring is divided into a first upper ring section located above a center of the first oil spray ring and a first lower ring section located below the center of the first oil spray ring, a cross-sectional area of the first oil spray hole on the first upper ring section gradually increasing in an outside-in direction in a radial direction of the first oil spray ring, and a cross-sectional area of the first oil spray hole on the first lower ring section gradually decreasing in an outside-in direction in the radial direction of the first oil spray ring; and/or the second oil spraying ring is divided into a second upper ring section positioned above the center of the second oil spraying ring and a second lower ring section positioned below the center of the second oil spraying ring, the cross section area of the second oil spraying hole on the second upper ring section gradually increases along the radial direction of the second oil spraying ring from outside to inside, and the cross section area of the second oil spraying hole on the second lower ring section gradually decreases along the radial direction of the second oil spraying ring from outside to inside.
6. The motor of claim 1, wherein the first oil groove comprises a first communication groove, a first guide groove and a first oil outlet groove, a first end of the first communication groove is communicated with the rotating shaft oil outlet hole, a second end of the first communication groove is communicated with the first guide groove, a first end of the first oil outlet groove is communicated with the first guide groove, and a second end of the first oil outlet groove is communicated with the first end plate oil outlet hole;
The second oil groove comprises a second annular groove and a second oil outlet groove, the second annular groove is communicated with the rotor oil way, the first end of the second oil outlet groove is communicated with the second annular groove, and the second end of the second oil outlet groove is communicated with the oil outlet hole of the second end plate.
7. The electric machine of claim 6, wherein the first communication groove is offset from the first oil outlet groove in a radial direction of the first end plate.
8. The electric machine of claim 6, wherein the first communication grooves are plural and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first end plate, the first communication grooves extend in the radial direction of the first end plate, the first oil discharge grooves are plural and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first end plate, and the first oil discharge grooves extend in the radial direction of the first end plate;
The second oil outlet grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second end plate, and extend along the radial direction of the second end plate.
9. The motor of claim 1, wherein the lead wires of the stator winding extend from the second end cover side, the number of the first end plate oil outlets is N1 and the first end plate oil outlets are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first end plate, the number of the second end plate oil outlets is N2 and the second end plate oil outlets are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second end plate, wherein N1 < N2.
10. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the number of first end plate oil outlet holes is less than the number of second end plate oil outlet holes.
11. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the aperture of the first end plate oil outlet is smaller than the aperture of the second end plate oil outlet.
12. The motor of claim 1, wherein the opening direction of the outlet end of the first end plate oil outlet hole and the opening direction of the outlet end of the second end plate oil outlet hole are both toward the stator winding.
13. The electric machine according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that the outer peripheral wall of the stator core is provided with stator grooves and/or cut edges extending in the axial direction of the stator core, the cooling oil passage being formed by the stator grooves and/or the cut edges.
14. The electric machine according to claim 13, characterized in that the outer circumferential wall of the stator core is provided with at least one stator circumferential groove extending in the circumferential direction of the stator core, so that the stator core is divided in its axial direction into a plurality of non-grooved core segments and at least one grooved core segment, the outer circumferential wall of the non-grooved core segments being provided with stator grooves and/or cut edges extending in the axial direction of the stator core and being distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the stator core.
15. The electric machine of claim 13, wherein the stator grooves are rectangular, and wherein the depth of the stator grooves satisfies the relationship: Wherein a is the depth of a stator groove, R out is the outer diameter of the stator, R in is the inner diameter of the stator, L is the yoke thickness of the stator, h is the stack thickness of the stator, and k1 is a coefficient and is 0.05-0.1.
16. The electric machine of claim 13, wherein the depth of the cut edge satisfies the relationshipWherein b is the depth of the trimming, R out is the outer diameter of the stator, R in is the inner diameter of the stator, L is the yoke thickness of the stator, h is the stack thickness of the stator, and k1 is a coefficient and is 0.05-0.1.
17. The motor of claim 13, wherein the plurality of casing oil inlets are distributed along the circumferential direction of the motor casing, an included angle α between central axes of adjacent casing oil inlets is less than or equal to 180 degrees, and a central angle β between a center of the casing oil inlet and a projection of a center of a nearest trimming thereof on a cross section of the stator core is 0-5 degrees.
18. A vehicle comprising an electric machine according to any one of claims 1-17.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010768985.8A CN114069969B (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Motor and vehicle |
| PCT/CN2021/110151 WO2022028382A1 (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2021-08-02 | Motor and vehicle |
| EP21853052.5A EP4131743A4 (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2021-08-02 | Motor and vehicle |
| US17/994,909 US20230116766A1 (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2022-11-28 | Motor and vehicle |
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| CN202010768985.8A CN114069969B (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Motor and vehicle |
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| CN114069969B true CN114069969B (en) | 2024-06-18 |
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| CN212909262U (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2021-04-06 | 安徽威灵汽车部件有限公司 | Motor and vehicle |
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| JP2010028908A (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2010-02-04 | Toyota Motor Corp | Rotor of rotating electrical machine |
| JP5448559B2 (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2014-03-19 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Motor cooling structure |
| JP2013013182A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2013-01-17 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Cooling structure for motor |
| CN206302222U (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-07-04 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Motor and its stator module |
| CN207939353U (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-02 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of motor and vehicle |
| CN109327113B (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2023-12-26 | 深圳市泉胜新技术开发有限公司 | Oil cooling motor cooling device |
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