CN114068894A - Preparation method of lanthanum lithium zirconate coated ternary cathode material - Google Patents

Preparation method of lanthanum lithium zirconate coated ternary cathode material Download PDF

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CN114068894A
CN114068894A CN202111257699.6A CN202111257699A CN114068894A CN 114068894 A CN114068894 A CN 114068894A CN 202111257699 A CN202111257699 A CN 202111257699A CN 114068894 A CN114068894 A CN 114068894A
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lanthanum
precursor
ternary
lithium
solution
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许开华
张坤
贾冬鸣
李聪
杨幸
薛晓斐
范亮姣
陈小飞
李雪倩
朱小帅
吕豪
袁文芳
王鼎
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Jingmen GEM New Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a lanthanum lithium zirconate coated ternary cathode material, which comprises the steps of preparing a ternary precursor coated with a lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor by adopting a coprecipitation method, sintering the cathode material at a later stage, and reacting the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor and the ternary precursor with a lithium source simultaneously to form the lanthanum lithium zirconate coated ternary material. By forming garnet-like solid electrolyte precursor coating and then synchronously lithiating the coating material and the precursor in the lithium mixing and calcining stage, the coating material is more easily and tightly combined with the ternary material, the solid electrolyte has higher ionic conductivity while protecting the anode material, and an aqueous solution coprecipitation system is more beneficial to industrial production. In addition, the calcination times can be reduced by coating the precursor, energy is saved, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Preparation method of lanthanum lithium zirconate coated ternary cathode material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery materials, in particular to a preparation method of a lithium lanthanum zirconate coated ternary cathode material.
Background
In recent years, under the background of energy crisis and environmental protection, with the development of new energy and the gradual increase of new energy automobiles, the requirements on the performance of battery materials are gradually improved, and a lithium ion battery as a novel high-performance green energy storage material can occupy more and more important positions in more and more fields by virtue of the advantages of the lithium ion battery, and the performance of a positive electrode material is one of the key factors determining the performance and the safety of the lithium ion battery.
In the positive electrode material, the lithium iron phosphate material and the ternary layered material are widely applied at present, and although the stability and the safety of the lithium iron phosphate material are high, the theoretical specific capacity of the lithium iron phosphate material is only 170mAhg-1And with the improvement of the process, the actual specific capacity of the material is closer to the theoretical specific capacity, and the higher and higher capacity requirements are difficult to meet; the theoretical specific capacity of the ternary layered material is 280mAhg-1In addition, the higher the content of nickel, the higher the actual specific capacity, but the high specific capacity also reduces the cyclability and safety, so modifying the layered ternary material is an effective means for improving the performance of the layered ternary material.
The lanthanum lithium zirconate is a garnet-like solid electrolyte, has better chemical stability and electrochemical stability, simultaneously has better ionic conductivity when being used as the solid electrolyte, and can effectively improve the performance of the ternary material by modifying the ternary material by using the lanthanum lithium zirconate as a coating material.
The common surface coating method is mostly seen in the surface coating of the anode material, which can lead to poor combination state of the coating layer and the matrix on one hand, and also leads to multiple times of sintering, thus causing energy waste and increasing the cost on the other hand.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a lithium lanthanum zirconate coated ternary cathode material.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A preparation method of a lanthanum lithium zirconate coated ternary cathode material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), dissolving soluble zirconium salt solution and lanthanum salt solution according to mol ratio of Zr: la ═ 2: 3, preparing a mixed solution with the total metal ion concentration of 0.5-40.0 mmol/L, adding the mixed solution serving as a base solution into a reaction kettle, adding a ternary precursor into the base solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed suspension;
pumping a precipitant solution into the mixed suspension, carrying out coprecipitation reaction for 1-4 h at the temperature of 20-90 ℃, and aging for 0-4 h to obtain a ternary precursor wrapping the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor;
and (3) washing, drying, sieving and deironing the obtained ternary precursor wrapped with the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor, mixing the ternary precursor with a lithium source, and keeping the temperature at 800-1200 ℃ for 10-30 h to obtain the lanthanum lithium zirconate coated ternary material.
Further, the mass ratio of the ternary precursor to zirconium ions in the mixed suspension in the step (1) is 1 (0.01-0.1), the mass ratio of the ternary precursor to lanthanum ions is 1 (0.01-0.1), and the concentration of the ternary precursor in the mixed suspension is 1-500 g/L.
Further, the zirconium salt in the zirconium salt solution in the step (1) is one or more of zirconium oxychloride, zirconium sulfate, zirconium nitrate and zirconium oxynitrate; the lanthanum salt in the lanthanum salt solution is one of lanthanum nitrate and lanthanum sulfate; the ternary precursor is one of nickel-cobalt-manganese and nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary precursors.
Further, the precipitant solution in the step (2) is one or more of sodium hydroxide solution, ammonia water, urea solution and ammonium bicarbonate solution; the concentration of the precipitant solution is 0.1-5 mol/L, and the feeding amount of the precipitant solution is 1-50L/h.
Further, the lithium source in the step (3) is lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate; the molar ratio of the lithium source to the ternary precursor wrapping the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor is (1-1.2): 1.
the ternary precursor is prepared by a conventional technical means.
The invention adopts a coprecipitation method to prepare a ternary precursor coated with a lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor, and then the anode material is sintered at the later stage, and the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor and the ternary precursor react with a lithium source at the same time to form the lanthanum lithium zirconate coated ternary material.
The method has the advantages that the surface of the ternary precursor is coated by a coprecipitation method, the feeding amount of a precipitator in the coprecipitation reaction, the reaction temperature and the reaction time are controlled, the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor is uniformly coated on the ternary precursor to form garnet-like solid electrolyte precursor coating, and then the coating material and the precursor are synchronously lithiated in the lithium mixing and calcining stage, so that the coating material is more easily and tightly combined with the ternary material, the solid electrolyte has higher ionic conductivity while the anode material is protected, and an aqueous solution coprecipitation system is more beneficial to industrial production. In addition, the calcination times can be reduced by coating the precursor, energy is saved, and the production cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an SEM image of a ternary precursor encapsulating a lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1:
step 1, zirconium sulfate and lanthanum sulfate are mixed according to a molar ratio of Zr: la ═ 2: 3 preparing a solution with the total metal ion concentration of 15.0mmol/L, adding 2000L of the mixed solution as a base solution into a reaction kettle, and adding 478kgNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2Adding the ternary precursor into the base solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed suspension; wherein the mass ratio of the ternary precursor to zirconium ions in the mixed suspension is 1:0.02, the mass ratio of the ternary precursor to lanthanum ions is 1:0.03, and the concentration of the ternary precursor in the mixed suspension is 239 g/L;
pumping a precipitant solution into the reaction kettle, carrying out coprecipitation reaction for 3h at 25 ℃, and aging for 1h to obtain a ternary precursor wrapping the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor; wherein the precipitant solution is ammonia water; the concentration of the precipitant solution is 4.57mol/L, and the feeding amount of the precipitant solution is 30L/h;
and 3, washing, drying, sieving and deironing the ternary precursor coated with the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor, mixing the ternary precursor with a lithium source, and keeping the temperature at 850 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the lanthanum lithium zirconate coated LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2A ternary material; wherein the lithium source is lithium hydroxide; the molar ratio of the lithium source to the precursor is 1.15: 1.
example 2:
step 1, mixingZirconium sulfate and lanthanum sulfate in molar ratio Zr: la ═ 2: 3 preparing a solution with the total metal ion concentration of 20.0mmol/L, adding 2000L of the mixed solution as a base solution into a reaction kettle, and adding 956kgNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05(OH)2Adding the ternary precursor into the base solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed suspension; wherein the mass ratio of the ternary precursor to zirconium ions in the mixed suspension is 1:0.013, the mass ratio of the ternary precursor to lanthanum ions is 1:0.02, and the concentration of the ternary precursor in the mixed suspension is 478 g/L;
pumping a precipitant solution into the reaction kettle, carrying out coprecipitation reaction for 4h at 50 ℃, and aging for 2h to obtain a ternary precursor wrapping the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor; wherein the precipitant solution is ammonium bicarbonate solution; the concentration of the precipitant solution is 2.5mol/L, and the feeding amount of the precipitant solution is 41L/h;
and 3, washing, drying, sieving and deironing the ternary precursor coated with the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor, mixing the ternary precursor with a lithium source, and keeping the temperature at 1100 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the lanthanum lithium zirconate coated LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2A ternary material; wherein the lithium source is lithium carbonate; the molar ratio of the lithium source to the precursor is 1.15: 1.
example 3:
step 1, zirconium nitrate and lanthanum nitrate are mixed according to the molar ratio of Zr: la ═ 2: 3 preparing a solution with the total metal ion concentration of 30.0mmol/L, adding 2000L of the mixed solution as a base solution into a reaction kettle, and adding 478kgNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05(OH)2Adding the ternary precursor into the base solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed suspension; wherein the mass ratio of the ternary precursor to zirconium ions in the mixed suspension is 1:0.04, the mass ratio of the ternary precursor to lanthanum ions is 1:0.06, and the concentration of the ternary precursor in the mixed suspension is 239 g/L;
pumping a precipitant solution into the reaction kettle, carrying out coprecipitation reaction for 2h at 70 ℃, and aging for 3h to obtain a ternary precursor wrapping the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor; wherein the precipitant solution is sodium hydroxide solution; the concentration of the precipitant solution is 3.5mol/L, and the feeding amount of the precipitant solution is 25L/h;
and 3, washing, drying, sieving and deironing the ternary precursor coated with the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor, mixing the ternary precursor with a lithium source, and keeping the temperature at 1200 ℃ for 28 hours to obtain the lanthanum lithium zirconate coated LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2A ternary material; wherein the lithium source is lithium hydroxide; the molar ratio of the lithium source to the precursor is 1.15: 1.
example 4:
step 1, zirconium oxychloride, zirconyl nitrate and lanthanum nitrate are mixed according to a molar ratio of Zr: la ═ 2: 3 preparing a solution with the total metal ion concentration of 35.0mmol/L, adding 2000L of the mixed solution as a base solution into a reaction kettle, and adding 372kgNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05(OH)2Adding the ternary precursor into the base solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed suspension; the mass ratio of the ternary precursor to zirconium ions in the mixed suspension is 1:0.06, the mass ratio of the ternary precursor to lanthanum ions is 1:0.09, and the concentration of the ternary precursor in the mixed suspension is 186 g/L;
pumping a precipitant solution into the reaction kettle, carrying out coprecipitation reaction for 4h at 90 ℃, and aging for 4h to obtain a ternary precursor wrapping the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor; wherein the precipitant solution is urea solution; the concentration of the precipitant solution is 1mol/L, and the feeding amount of the precipitant solution is 15L/h;
and 3, washing, drying, sieving and deironing the ternary precursor coated with the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor, mixing the ternary precursor with a lithium source, and keeping the temperature at 900 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain the lanthanum lithium zirconate coated LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2A ternary material; wherein the lithium source is lithium hydroxide; the molar ratio of the lithium source to the precursor is 1.15: 1.
the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention. It should be noted that other equivalent modifications can be made by those skilled in the art in light of the teachings of the present invention, and all such modifications can be made as are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A preparation method of a lanthanum lithium zirconate coated ternary cathode material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), dissolving soluble zirconium salt solution and lanthanum salt solution according to mol ratio of Zr: la ═ 2: 3, preparing a mixed solution with the total metal ion concentration of 0.5-40.0 mmol/L, adding the mixed solution serving as a base solution into a reaction kettle, adding a ternary precursor into the base solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed suspension;
pumping a precipitant solution into the mixed suspension, carrying out coprecipitation reaction for 1-4 h at the temperature of 20-90 ℃, and aging for 0-4 h to obtain a ternary precursor wrapping the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor;
and (3) washing, drying, sieving and deironing the obtained ternary precursor wrapped with the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor, mixing the ternary precursor with a lithium source, and keeping the temperature at 800-1200 ℃ for 10-30 h to obtain the lanthanum lithium zirconate coated ternary material.
2. The method for preparing the lanthanum lithium zirconate coated ternary cathode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the ternary precursor to the zirconium ions in the mixed suspension of the step (1) is 1 (0.01-0.1), the mass ratio of the ternary precursor to the lanthanum ions is 1 (0.01-0.1), and the concentration of the ternary precursor in the mixed suspension is 1-500 g/L.
3. The method for preparing a lanthanum lithium zirconate coated ternary cathode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the zirconium salt in the zirconium salt solution in the step (1) is one or more of zirconium oxychloride, zirconium sulfate, zirconium nitrate and zirconium oxynitrate; the lanthanum salt in the lanthanum salt solution is one of lanthanum nitrate and lanthanum sulfate; the ternary precursor is one of nickel-cobalt-manganese and nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary precursors.
4. The method for preparing a lithium lanthanum zirconate coated ternary cathode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the precipitant solution in step (2) is one or more of sodium hydroxide solution, ammonia water, urea solution and ammonium bicarbonate solution; the concentration of the precipitant solution is 0.1-5 mol/L, and the feeding amount of the precipitant solution is 1-50L/h.
5. The method for preparing a lithium lanthanum zirconate coated ternary cathode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lithium source in the step (3) is lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate; the molar ratio of the lithium source to the ternary precursor wrapping the lanthanum lithium zirconate precursor is (1-1.2): 1.
CN202111257699.6A 2021-10-27 2021-10-27 Preparation method of lanthanum lithium zirconate coated ternary cathode material Pending CN114068894A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116779871A (en) * 2023-08-24 2023-09-19 浙江帕瓦新能源股份有限公司 Lithium lanthanum zirconate coated and modified cathode material, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery
CN116779871B (en) * 2023-08-24 2023-11-21 浙江帕瓦新能源股份有限公司 Lithium lanthanum zirconate coated and modified cathode material, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery

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Application publication date: 20220218