CN114065575B - Locomotive side bearing finite element simulation method and simulation model - Google Patents
Locomotive side bearing finite element simulation method and simulation model Download PDFInfo
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- CN114065575B CN114065575B CN202111303097.XA CN202111303097A CN114065575B CN 114065575 B CN114065575 B CN 114065575B CN 202111303097 A CN202111303097 A CN 202111303097A CN 114065575 B CN114065575 B CN 114065575B
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a locomotive side bearing finite element simulation method and a simulation model. The invention solves the problems of inconvenience in calculating stress near the contact position of the side bearing, inconvenience in transmitting torque, complex arrangement and the like in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of finite element simulation analysis of locomotive body structure strength, in particular to a locomotive side bearing finite element simulation method and a simulation model.
Background
With the development of computer aided technology, the finite element simulation analysis of structural strength is increasingly important in the early stage of locomotive design, and the characteristics of rapidness and economy can greatly reduce the design waste, so that the accuracy of simulation becomes a problem which needs to be concerned. The locomotive rubber side bearing is used as a supporting point of the whole locomotive body, is also an important constraint boundary condition applying point in finite element simulation analysis, and has great influence on the stress magnitude and distribution near the contact position of the side bearing in a simulation mode. There are two simulation modes currently in common use: one is to directly restrain the contact surface of the side bearing of the locomotive body without considering the influence of the rigidity of the side bearing of the rubber; the other is to simulate a single rubber side bearing into a spring finite element unit, and then connect the spring finite element unit with a locomotive body side bearing contact surface through a rod unit or displacement coupling mode. The displacement coupling of the first and second methods places the side bearing contact surfaces in an overconstrained condition and fails to accurately calculate the stress near the side bearing contact location. In the second method, when the rod units are used for connection, the rigidity of the rod units cannot be clearly obtained, and the calculated stress near the contact position of the side bearing is inaccurate. Meanwhile, since the spring finite element unit has six degrees of freedom, the spring finite element unit set by the second method must contain three translational rigidities and three rotational rigidities in order to transmit moment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a locomotive side bearing finite element simulation method and a locomotive side bearing finite element simulation model, which solve the problems of inconvenience in accurately calculating stress near a side bearing contact position, inconvenience in transmitting torque, complex arrangement and the like in the prior art.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme:
a locomotive side bearing finite element simulation method comprises the steps of dispersing a side bearing contact surface into a plurality of side bearing contact surface finite element units through finite element simulation, dispersing a rubber side bearing into a plurality of spring finite element units through finite element simulation, and connecting each finite element unit node among the plurality of side bearing contact surface finite element units with a single spring finite element unit.
As a preferred solution, it is assumed that the side bearing is of uniform material.
As a preferred solution, it is assumed that the stiffness of each spring finite element is the same.
As a preferred solution, it is assumed that each finite element node has an independent displacement.
As a preferred solution, it is assumed that each finite element node has an independent reaction force.
As a preferred solution, the side bearing contact surface is discretized into a plurality of square side bearing contact surface finite element units by finite element simulation.
As a preferred solution, it is assumed that the side bearing contact surface finite element unit is a solid unit with three degrees of freedom or a plate and shell unit with six degrees of freedom.
As a preferred solution, the spring finite element unit only needs to set the translational stiffness in the longitudinal, transverse and/or vertical direction of the locomotive, and does not need to set the rotational stiffness in the longitudinal, transverse and/or vertical direction of the locomotive.
The locomotive side bearing finite element simulation model is formed according to the locomotive side bearing finite element simulation method and comprises a plurality of side bearing contact surface finite element units and a plurality of spring finite element units, wherein each finite element unit node between the plurality of side bearing contact surface finite element units is connected with a single spring finite element unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The rubber side bearing is discretized into a plurality of spring finite element units, the number is determined by the total number of the nodes of the finite element units contained in the contact surface of the side bearing, each node is guaranteed to correspond to an independent spring finite element unit, the rigidity of each spring finite element unit is consistent, and the total rigidity of the rubber side bearing is formed by parallel connection;
(2) The spring finite element unit only needs to set the translational rigidity of the locomotive in the longitudinal direction, the transverse direction and the vertical direction, and does not need to set the rotational rigidity of the locomotive in the three directions;
(3) The spring finite element unit is directly connected with the contact surface of the side bearing without being limited by the degree of freedom of the node of the contact surface finite element unit, and an intermediate transitional connection unit or displacement coupling is not needed to transmit force and displacement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a finite element simulation model of a side bearing of a locomotive according to the present invention.
The reference numerals and corresponding part names in the drawings: 1. the side bearing contact surface finite element unit comprises a side bearing contact surface finite element unit, a spring finite element unit and a finite element unit node.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a locomotive side bearing finite element simulation method is to divide a side bearing contact surface into a plurality of side bearing contact surface finite element units 1 through finite element simulation, divide a rubber side bearing into a plurality of spring finite element units 2 through finite element simulation, and connect each finite element unit node 3 between the plurality of side bearing contact surface finite element units 1 with a single spring finite element unit 2.
The invention is convenient for accurately calculating the stress near the contact position of the side bearing, is convenient for transmitting the moment and has simple arrangement.
As a preferred solution, it is assumed that the side bearing is of uniform material.
This further improves the simulation accuracy.
As a preferred solution, it is assumed that the stiffness of each spring finite element 2 is the same.
This further improves the simulation accuracy.
As a preferred solution, it is assumed that each finite element node 3 has an independent displacement.
This is more convenient for calculating the true stress situation of the contact surface area.
As a preferred solution, it is assumed that each finite element node 3 has an independent reaction force.
This is more convenient for calculating the true stress situation of the contact surface area.
As a preferred solution, the side bearing contact surface is discretized into a plurality of square side bearing contact surface finite element units 1 by finite element simulation.
This further improves the simulation accuracy.
As a preferred solution, it is assumed that the side bearing contact surface finite element unit 1 is a solid unit with three degrees of freedom or a plate and shell unit with six degrees of freedom.
This eliminates the need for intermediate transitional coupling units or displacement couplings to transfer forces and displacements.
As a preferred solution, the spring finite element unit 2 only needs to set the translational stiffness in the longitudinal, transverse and/or vertical direction of the locomotive, and does not need to set the rotational stiffness in the longitudinal, transverse and/or vertical direction of the locomotive.
This makes the arrangement of the transfer torque simple.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, as a further optimization of embodiment 1, this embodiment includes all the technical features of embodiment 1, and in addition, this embodiment further includes the following technical features:
the locomotive side bearing finite element simulation model is formed according to the locomotive side bearing finite element simulation method and comprises a plurality of side bearing contact surface finite element units 1 and a plurality of spring finite element units 2, wherein each finite element unit node 3 among the plurality of side bearing contact surface finite element units 1 is connected with a single spring finite element unit 2.
The invention is convenient for accurately calculating the stress near the contact position of the side bearing, is convenient for transmitting the moment and has simple arrangement.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1, this example includes all the technical features of example 1 and example 2, and this example provides a more detailed embodiment on the basis of example 1 and example 2.
The locomotive body side bearing contact surface is a region which is not a rigid surface, but an elastic surface, and each finite element node 3 obtained in a discrete manner is required to have relatively independent displacement and counter force. In order to maintain this characteristic, the side bearing must also be discretized, so as to ensure that each unit node of the contact surface area is supported by a spring finite element unit 2, and assuming that the side bearing is made of uniform materials, so that the stiffness of each spring finite element unit 2 is the same, the spring finite element units 2 are connected in parallel to form the whole side bearing, and the stiffness k=k/n of the single spring finite element unit 2 is the stiffness of the single rubber side bearing, and n is the number of the spring finite element units 2. The model structure is shown in fig. 1.
The rubber side bearing is discretized into a plurality of spring finite element units 2, each finite element unit node 3 in the contact surface area corresponds to an independent spring finite element unit 2, each finite element unit node 3 is guaranteed to have relatively independent displacement and counter force, and finally the relatively real stress condition of the contact surface area is calculated. The number is determined by the total number of the finite element unit nodes 3 contained in the side bearing contact surface, each node corresponds to an independent spring finite element unit 2, the rigidity of each spring finite element unit 2 is consistent, and the total rigidity of the rubber side bearing is formed by parallel connection.
The spring finite element 2 only needs to set translational stiffness in the longitudinal, transverse and vertical directions of the locomotive and does not need to set rotational stiffness in these three directions. The array of planarly arranged spring finite element elements 2 will automatically create a rotational stiffness.
The spring finite element unit 2 is directly connected with the side bearing contact surface, the side bearing contact surface finite element unit 1 can be a solid unit with three degrees of freedom or a plate-shell unit with six degrees of freedom, the degree of freedom of the finite element unit node 3 is not limited, and the planar arrangement of the array of the spring finite element units 2 can form moment, so that an intermediate transition connection unit or displacement coupling transmission force and displacement are not needed.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably implemented.
All of the features disclosed in all of the embodiments of this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process disclosed implicitly, except for the mutually exclusive features and/or steps, may be combined and/or expanded and substituted in any way.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the invention is not intended to limit the invention in any way, but rather to cover all modifications, equivalents, improvements and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The locomotive side bearing finite element simulation method is characterized in that a side bearing contact surface is subjected to finite element simulation and dispersed into a plurality of side bearing contact surface finite element units (1), a rubber side bearing is subjected to finite element simulation and dispersed into a plurality of spring finite element units (2), and each finite element unit node (3) among the plurality of side bearing contact surface finite element units (1) is connected with an independent spring finite element unit (2);
assuming that the stiffness of each spring finite element unit (2) is the same;
the spring finite element unit (2) only needs to set the translational stiffness in the longitudinal, transverse and/or vertical directions of the locomotive, and does not need to set the rotational stiffness in the longitudinal, transverse and/or vertical directions of the locomotive.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the side bearing is assumed to be of uniform material.
3. A locomotive side bearing finite element simulation method according to claim 2, characterized in that each finite element node (3) is assumed to have an independent displacement.
4. A locomotive side bearing finite element simulation method according to claim 3, characterized in that each finite element node (3) is assumed to have an independent counter force.
5. A locomotive side bearing finite element simulation method according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the side bearing contact surface is discretized into a plurality of square side bearing contact surface finite element units (1) by finite element simulation.
6. The method for simulating the finite element of the side bearing of the locomotive according to claim 5, wherein the side bearing contact surface finite element unit (1) is assumed to be a solid unit with three degrees of freedom or a plate-and-shell unit with six degrees of freedom.
7. A locomotive side bearing finite element simulation model, characterized in that the locomotive side bearing finite element simulation model is formed by a locomotive side bearing finite element simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprises a plurality of side bearing contact surface finite element units (1) and a plurality of spring finite element units (2), wherein each finite element unit node (3) between the plurality of side bearing contact surface finite element units (1) is connected with a single spring finite element unit (2).
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| CN114880875B (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2023-05-30 | 中车资阳机车有限公司 | Locomotive body first-order vertical bending frequency estimation method |
| CN115062522B (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-04 | 天河超级计算淮海分中心 | Strength determination method based on fabricated structure, electronic device and storage medium |
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| CN112158223A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-01 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Method for preventing locomotive inclined rubber pile from being torn and locomotive rubber pile |
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| CN206636485U (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-11-14 | 威海光威复合材料股份有限公司 | Adjustable for height composite work ladder |
| CN111553002A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-08-18 | 上海城建市政工程（集团）有限公司 | Optimization design method of pile foundation |
| CN112158223A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-01 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Method for preventing locomotive inclined rubber pile from being torn and locomotive rubber pile |
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