CN114065436A - Method for analyzing operation characteristics of steam generator with axial flow type preheater of nuclear power system - Google Patents
Method for analyzing operation characteristics of steam generator with axial flow type preheater of nuclear power system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for analyzing the operating characteristics of a steam generator with an axial flow type preheater of a nuclear power system, which comprises the following steps of 1, simplifying the structure of the steam generator according to a calculation target so as to determine a calculation domain; 2. establishing a corresponding geometric model and dividing grids according to the determined calculation domain; 3. establishing an axial flow type preheater structural equation to capture a grid area of the secondary side of the divided steam generator; 4. marking the axial flow type preheater structure by adopting a grid marking method to realize the simulation of the steam generator with the axial flow type preheater structure; 5. and (3) performing thermal hydraulic calculation of the steam generator with the axial flow type preheater based on the established model, and judging whether the grid in the step (2) needs to be subjected to encryption and refinement processing according to the precision of the calculation result until the model meets the calculation requirement. The present invention provides a reference for designing an axial flow preheater in a steam generator and for operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steam generators with axial flow preheaters in nuclear power systems, in particular to a method for analyzing the operation characteristics of a steam generator with an axial flow preheater in a nuclear power system.
Technical Field
The steam generator is a core heat exchange device in a nuclear power system, is used as a hub for connecting a primary loop and a secondary loop of a reactor, and is a pressure boundary and a heat transfer boundary of the primary loop. Whether the fission heat energy generated by the reactor core is efficiently transferred from the primary loop to the secondary loop is related to the economic performance of the nuclear power station. This therefore requires a steam generator with a high heat transfer efficiency. The axial flow type preheater installed in the steam generator can make the secondary side fluid (cold state water supply and recirculation water) at the cold and hot sides flow and transfer heat relatively independently in the tube bundle region before the descending channel below the water supply pipeline reaches the top of the central clapboard, so as to enhance the heat transfer in a way of increasing the temperature difference of the primary side fluid and the secondary side fluid of the cold side heat transfer tube and improve the heat exchange efficiency.
The research on the enhanced heat transfer of the axial flow preheater is less in China, and only the numerical simulation research is carried out by the China Nuclear Power agency: yangzhao et al, based on FORTRAN 95 language, writes a one-dimensional SG thermodynamic calculation analysis program, develops heat exchange strengthening research of an axial flow preheater on a steam generator, but as a one-dimensional program, the axial flow preheater cannot acquire distribution conditions of thermodynamic hydraulic parameters inside a secondary side of the steam generator, and meanwhile, a one-dimensional centralized parameter model is too simplified and is only suitable for system-level calculation; wu Yang et al conducted comparative studies on partial thermal hydraulic parameters of steam generators with axial preheaters and steam generators without axial preheaters by using TBC software developed by Chengdu Nuclear Power agency, but the models thereof were simplified more and the reliability of the method was questionable.
At present, no published literature of related research exists abroad.
In conclusion, the numerical simulation research on the axial flow type preheater is less, the implementation method of the related research is also simplified too much, and the accurate simulation of the thermal parameters of the steam generator with the axial flow type preheater is difficult to implement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for analyzing the operating characteristics of a steam generator with an axial flow type preheater in a nuclear power system, which can realize the introduction of the axial flow type preheater structure on a steam generator grid model without the axial flow type preheater, greatly reduce the workload of grid repartitioning and the grid partition difficulty of a local structure, and simultaneously ensure better grid quality; the axial flow type preheater structure can be used for developing comparative research, researching the enhanced heat exchange effect of the axial flow type preheater on the steam generator, researching the height of the central partition plate of the optimal axial flow type preheater and the water supply distribution ratio of the cold side and the hot side, and providing reference for designing the axial flow type preheater in the steam generator and running.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a nuclear power system steam generator operation characteristic analysis method with an axial flow type preheater comprises the following steps:
step 1: analyzing the flow heat transfer process inside the steam generator, determining a calculation domain and establishing a geometric model:
the flow process of the secondary side fluid of the steam generator is as follows: the secondary side fluid flows into the descending ring section through a water supply device, and the flowing direction is downward; the liquid flows into a U-shaped pipe bundle area at the annular gap at the bottom of the descending ring section, and the flow direction is changed to be upward; after heat exchange in the U-shaped pipe bundle area, the fluid at the secondary side becomes a gas-liquid two-phase fluid, and finally enters a steam-water separator; the flow process of the primary side fluid of the steam generator is as follows: the fluid flows upwards from the inlet lower chamber through the tube plate and is distributed to each U-shaped tube on the primary side by the tube plate; the primary side fluid exchanges heat with the secondary side fluid in the flowing process of the primary side fluid in the U-shaped pipe, and then flows out after being converged to an outlet chamber from the outlet end of the U-shaped pipe through the pipe plate; thus, for the steam generator calculation domain is determined as: the secondary side comprises a descending ring section, a U-shaped pipe bundle area and a steam-water separator inlet area, wherein the water supply inlet is arranged at the water supply level of the steam generator and is arranged at the top of the descending ring section; the primary side comprises an inlet lower chamber, a tube plate, a U-shaped tube bundle area and an outlet lower chamber; then, establishing a geometric model for the calculation domain by adopting geometric modeling software, wherein the U-shaped tube bundle area and the tube plate are modeled to be simplified into an integral inverted U-shaped channel;
step 2: performing mesh division on the geometric model established in the step 1, establishing a mesh model of a steam generator computational domain, and ensuring that a central axis of an integral mesh is coincident with a z axis so as to facilitate subsequent mesh marking; the grids of the U-shaped tube bundle area and the tube plate area are processed into porous medium models;
and step 3: analyzing the structure of an axial flow type preheater used in a steam generator, determining an implementation method: the main structure of the axial flow type preheater in the steam generator consists of two parts, namely a semi-cylindrical double-layer sleeve arranged on a descending ring section at the cold side of the steam generator, and a central clapboard arranged at the junction of the cold side and the hot side of a tube bundle area of the steam generator; the two parts of structures enable secondary side fluid from the descending ring section of the steam generator to the region at the height of the central partition plate of the tube bundle region to independently flow and exchange heat in the respective cold side or hot side regions, so that the average heat exchange temperature difference between the first side and the second side is improved, and the heat transfer enhancement is realized; according to the characteristics, solid areas are arranged in the descending ring section area and the central area of the tube bundle area of the steam generator grid to realize the independent flow heat exchange function of secondary side fluid in the cold side area or the hot side area of each secondary side fluid;
and 4, step 4: the grid marking method realizes the axial flow type preheater structure of the steam generator:
according to the axial flow preheater structure, the grid marking area has two parts, namely a tube bundle area and a descending ring section area, which are respectively as follows:
marking the central partition board grids of the tube bundle area:
assuming a tube bundle zone radius of RtThe bottom plane of the tube bundle zone is located at z ═ z0Plane, x > 0 for hot side of steam generator and vice versa for cold side of steam generator, establishing a thickness delta in said bundle regiontAnd the grid marking model of the high-h central clapboard is as follows:
wherein, x, y and z are coordinate positions of the grids, and it is necessary to pay attention that the thickness of the central partition plate is not less than the minimum grid size of the area; the grids meeting the position relation are marked as central clapboards;
drop ring segment double sleeve grid labeling:
assuming different heights, the inner ring radius of the drop ring segment is Rid(z) semi-cylindrical double-layer sleeve radius of axial flow preheater Ra(z) establishing a double-layer sleeve structure with the same height as the descending ring section in the descending ring section area, wherein the grid marking model is as follows:
wherein, deltarThe thickness of the single grid in the area of the drop ring segment;
after the original steam generator grid marking is finished, a marked area is converted into a solid area from a fluid area, meanwhile, the conversion enables a water supply inlet at the top of the drop ring section to be isolated into two parts, a double-layer sleeve surrounding area is set as a cold side inlet, and the rest parts are hot side inlets; completing the establishment of a grid model of the steam generator with the axial flow type preheater through the steps 2 to 4;
and 5: the slip ring segment drag coefficient with axial flow preheater configuration defines:
the method comprises the following steps that a steam generator numerical model established based on a porous medium model is rough in grid division, cannot reflect extra resistance introduced by an axial flow type preheater structure of a descending ring section, and needs to be realized by introducing a corresponding resistance coefficient into the model, wherein the resistance coefficient is obtained by analyzing existing empirical relational expressions and existing experimental data;
step 6: calculating thermal hydraulic parameters of a steam generator with an axial flow type preheater:
and (3) carrying out thermal hydraulic numerical calculation on the established grid model with the axial flow type preheater steam generator based on a computational fluid mechanics model, carrying out error analysis on an obtained calculation result and a test result, successfully establishing the grid model with the axial flow type preheater steam generator when the precision meets the requirement, returning to the step (2) when the precision does not meet the requirement, adjusting the grid, carrying out grid encryption operation, continuing subsequent operation, and repeatedly iterating until the calculation precision requirement is met.
The invention discloses a numerical simulation method for the operating characteristics and the enhanced heat exchange effect of a steam generator with an axial flow type preheater in a nuclear power system, which has the following overall beneficial effects:
1) the axial flow type preheater structure can be realized by carrying out grid marking on the grid of the existing steam generator, so that the workload is greatly reduced;
2) according to the method, the axial flow type preheater structure is not required to be considered when the initial steam generation grid is established, grid division is simplified, the local structure is reduced, the grid quality is improved, and the calculation precision is facilitated;
3) the invention can realize the heights of the central partition boards of different axial flow preheaters by simply modifying the grid marking model, is convenient for developing the research on the influence of the heights of the central partition boards on the enhanced heat exchange effect and provides reference for the design of the axial flow preheater;
4) the implementation method of the invention has strong universality and can be suitable for different types of steam generator numerical calculation models;
5) the invention can be used for carrying out comparative research on the steam generator with or without the axial flow type preheater, and the research result can be used for providing reference for the improvement and upgrading work in the aspect of the enhanced heat exchange of the existing steam generator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a technical route for the axial flow preheater model building process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the computational domain of the steam generator according to the model of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cross-section A-A of the steam generator computational domain of the model of the invention of FIG. 1.
The regions and structures marked in the drawings are: 1-inlet lower chamber area, 2-descending ring section area, 3-steam-water separator inlet area, 4-semi-cylindrical double-layer sleeve, 5-U-shaped pipe bundle area, 6-central baffle, 7-pipe plate, 8-outlet lower chamber area, 9-hot side water supply inlet and 10-cold side water supply inlet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Step 1: the flow heat transfer process inside a typical vertical natural circulation steam generator is analyzed to determine the computational domain and build the corresponding geometric model:
the flow process of the secondary side fluid of the steam generator is as follows: the secondary side fluid flows into the descending ring section through a water supply device, and the flowing direction is downward; the liquid flows into a U-shaped pipe bundle area at the annular gap at the bottom of the descending ring section, and the flow direction is changed to be upward; after heat exchange in the U-shaped pipe bundle area, the fluid at the secondary side becomes a gas-liquid two-phase fluid, and finally enters a steam-water separator; the flow process of the primary side fluid of the steam generator is as follows: the fluid flows upwards from the inlet lower chamber through the tube plate and is distributed to each U-shaped tube on the primary side by the tube plate; the primary side fluid exchanges heat with the secondary side fluid in the flowing process of the primary side fluid in the U-shaped pipe, and then flows out after being converged to an outlet chamber from the outlet end of the U-shaped pipe through the pipe plate; thus, the steam generator calculation domain is determined as shown in fig. 2: the secondary side comprises a descending ring section area 2, a U-shaped pipe bundle area 5 and a steam-water separator inlet area 3, wherein the water supply inlet is arranged at the water supply level of the steam generator and is arranged at the top of the descending ring section; the primary side comprises an inlet lower chamber 1, a tube plate 7, a U-shaped tube bundle area 5 and an outlet lower chamber 8; then, establishing the calculation domain by adopting geometric modeling software, wherein the U-shaped tube bundle area and the tube plate are modeled to be simplified into an integral inverted U-shaped channel;
step 2: performing mesh division on the geometric model established in the step (1), establishing a mesh model of a steam generator computational domain, ensuring that a central axis of the whole mesh is coincident with a z axis, and facilitating subsequent mesh marking; the grids of the U-shaped tube bundle area and the tube plate area are processed into porous medium models;
and step 3: analyzing the structure of an axial flow type preheater used in a steam generator, determining an implementation method: the main structure of the axial flow preheater in the steam generator is composed of two parts, as shown in fig. 2, one is a semi-cylindrical double-layer sleeve 4 installed on the drop ring section at the cold side of the steam generator, and the other is a central baffle 6 installed at the junction of the cold side and the hot side of the steam generator tube bundle zone; the two parts of structures enable secondary side fluid from the descending ring section of the steam generator to the region at the height of the central partition plate of the tube bundle region to independently exchange heat in the respective cold side or hot side region, so that the average heat exchange temperature difference between the first side and the second side is improved, and the heat transfer enhancement is realized; according to the characteristics, solid areas are arranged in the descending ring section area and the central area of the tube bundle area of the steam generator grid to realize the independent flow heat exchange function of secondary side fluid in the cold side area or the hot side area of each secondary side fluid;
and 4, step 4: the grid marking method realizes the axial flow type preheater structure of the steam generator:
according to the axial flow type preheater structure, the grid marking area is provided with two parts of a U-shaped pipe bundle area and a descending ring section area, which are respectively as follows:
marking the central partition plate grids of the U-shaped pipe bundle area:
assuming that the radius of the U-shaped tube bundle zone is RtThe bottom plane of the U-shaped tube bundle area is located at z ═ z0Plane, x > 0 for hot side of steam generator and vice versa for cold side of steam generator, establishing a thickness delta in said bundle regiont(thickness of single grid in this area), height h (taking 1/2 steam generator height), grid marker model:
wherein x, y and z are coordinate positions of the grid; the grids meeting the position relation are marked as central clapboards;
drop ring segment double sleeve grid labeling:
assuming different heights, the inner ring radius of the drop ring segment is Rid(z) semi-cylindrical double-layer sleeve radius of axial flow preheater Ra(z) establishing a double-layer sleeve structure with the same height as the descending ring section in the descending ring section area, wherein the grid marking model is as follows:
wherein, deltarThe thickness of the single grid in the area of the drop ring segment;
in the above grid marking model of the axial flow type preheater structure in the steam generator, after the original steam generator grid marking is finished, the marked region is converted from a fluid region into a solid region, and simultaneously the conversion enables the feed water inlet at the top of the drop ring segment to be isolated into two parts, as shown in fig. 3, the double-layer sleeve surrounding region is set as a cold side inlet 10, and the rest is a hot side inlet 9; completing the establishment of a grid model of the steam generator with the axial flow type preheater through the steps 2 to 4;
and 5: the slip ring segment drag coefficient with axial flow preheater configuration defines:
the method comprises the steps that a steam generator numerical model established based on a porous medium model is rough in grid division and cannot reflect extra resistance introduced by an axial flow type preheater structure of a descending ring section, an empirical calculation relation of the descending ring section resistance is introduced into the model, and a resistance coefficient is obtained by analyzing existing empirical relations and existing experimental data;
step 6: calculating thermal hydraulic parameters of a steam generator with an axial flow type preheater:
and (3) carrying out thermal hydraulic numerical calculation on the established grid model with the axial flow type preheater steam generator based on a computational fluid mechanics model, carrying out error analysis on the obtained numerical calculation result and the test result, successfully establishing the grid model with the axial flow type preheater steam generator when the precision meets the requirement, returning to the step 2 when the precision does not meet the requirement, carrying out grid encryption and optimization operation, then continuing subsequent operation, and repeatedly iterating until the calculation precision requirement is met.
The above description is only one embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A nuclear power system steam generator operation characteristic analysis method with an axial flow type preheater is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: analyzing the flow heat transfer process inside the steam generator, determining a calculation domain and establishing a geometric model:
the flow process of the secondary side fluid of the steam generator is as follows: the secondary side fluid flows into the descending ring section through a water supply device, and the flowing direction is downward; the liquid flows into a U-shaped pipe bundle area at the annular gap at the bottom of the descending ring section, and the flow direction is changed to be upward; after heat exchange in the U-shaped pipe bundle area, the fluid at the secondary side becomes a gas-liquid two-phase fluid, and finally enters a steam-water separator; the flow process of the primary side fluid of the steam generator is as follows: the fluid flows upwards from the inlet lower chamber through the tube plate and is distributed to each U-shaped tube on the primary side by the tube plate; the primary side fluid exchanges heat with the secondary side fluid in the flowing process of the primary side fluid in the U-shaped pipe, and then flows out after being converged to an outlet chamber from the outlet end of the U-shaped pipe through the pipe plate; thus, for the steam generator calculation domain is determined as: the secondary side comprises a descending ring section area, a U-shaped pipe bundle area and a steam-water separator inlet area, wherein the water supply inlet is arranged at the water supply level of the steam generator and is arranged at the top of the descending ring section; the primary side comprises an inlet lower chamber, a tube plate, a U-shaped tube bundle area and an outlet lower chamber; then, establishing a geometric model for the calculation domain by adopting geometric modeling software, wherein the U-shaped tube bundle area and the tube plate are modeled to be simplified into an integral inverted U-shaped channel;
step 2: performing mesh division on the geometric model established in the step 1, establishing a mesh model of a steam generator computational domain, and ensuring that a central axis of an integral mesh is coincident with a z axis so as to facilitate subsequent mesh marking; the grids of the U-shaped tube bundle area and the tube plate area are processed into porous medium models;
and step 3: analyzing the structure of an axial flow type preheater used in a steam generator, determining an implementation method: the main structure of the axial flow type preheater in the steam generator consists of two parts, namely a semi-cylindrical double-layer sleeve arranged on a descending ring section at the cold side of the steam generator, and a central clapboard arranged at the junction of the cold side and the hot side of a U-shaped tube bundle zone of the steam generator; the two parts of structures enable secondary side fluid from the descending ring section of the steam generator to the region at the height of the central partition plate of the U-shaped tube bundle region to independently flow and exchange heat in the respective cold side or hot side regions, so that the average heat exchange temperature difference between the first side and the second side is improved, and the enhanced heat transfer is realized; according to the characteristics, solid regions are arranged in the descending ring segment region of the steam generator grid and the central region of the U-shaped tube bundle region to realize the independent flow heat exchange function of secondary side fluid in the cold side region or the hot side region of each secondary side fluid;
and 4, step 4: the grid marking method realizes the axial flow type preheater structure of the steam generator:
according to the axial flow type preheater structure, the grid marking area is provided with two parts of a U-shaped pipe bundle area and a descending ring section area, which are respectively as follows:
marking the central partition plate grids of the U-shaped pipe bundle area:
assuming that the radius of the U-shaped tube bundle zone is RtThe bottom plane of the U-shaped tube bundle area is located at z ═ z0Plane, x > 0 is the hot side of the steam generator, and conversely the cold side of the steam generator, a thick delta is established in the U-shaped tube bundle areatAnd the grid marking model of the high-h central clapboard is as follows:
wherein, x, y and z are coordinate positions of the grids, and it is necessary to pay attention that the thickness of the central partition plate is not less than the minimum grid size of the area; the grids meeting the position relation are marked as central clapboards;
drop ring segment double sleeve grid labeling:
assuming different heights, the inner ring radius of the drop ring segment is Rid(z) semi-cylindrical double-layer sleeve radius of axial flow preheater Ra(z) establishing a double-layer sleeve structure with the same height as the descending ring section in the descending ring section area, wherein the grid marking model is as follows:
wherein, deltarThe thickness of the single grid in the area of the drop ring segment;
after the original steam generator grid marking is finished, a marked area is converted into a solid area from a fluid area, meanwhile, the conversion enables a water supply inlet at the top of the drop ring section to be isolated into two parts, a double-layer sleeve surrounding area is set as a cold side inlet, and the rest parts are hot side inlets; completing the establishment of a grid model of the steam generator with the axial flow type preheater through the steps 2 to 4;
and 5: the slip ring segment drag coefficient with axial flow preheater configuration defines:
the method comprises the following steps that a steam generator numerical model established based on a porous medium model is rough in grid division, cannot reflect extra resistance introduced by an axial flow type preheater structure of a descending ring segment, and needs to be realized by introducing a corresponding resistance coefficient into the model;
step 6: calculating thermal hydraulic parameters of a steam generator with an axial flow type preheater:
and (3) carrying out thermal hydraulic numerical calculation on the established grid model with the axial flow type preheater steam generator based on a computational fluid mechanics model, carrying out error analysis on an obtained calculation result and a test result, successfully establishing the grid model with the axial flow type preheater steam generator when the precision meets the requirement, returning to the step (2) when the precision does not meet the requirement, adjusting the grid, carrying out grid encryption operation, continuing subsequent operation, and repeatedly iterating until the calculation precision requirement is met.
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| WO2024055828A1 (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2024-03-21 | 上海核工程研究设计院股份有限公司 | Steam generator, method for relieving wear of heat transfer tubes thereof, and component mounting method |
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