CN114063564A - Numerical control machine tool space error compensation method - Google Patents
Numerical control machine tool space error compensation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114063564A CN114063564A CN202111386154.5A CN202111386154A CN114063564A CN 114063564 A CN114063564 A CN 114063564A CN 202111386154 A CN202111386154 A CN 202111386154A CN 114063564 A CN114063564 A CN 114063564A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/404—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for compensation, e.g. for backlash, overshoot, tool offset, tool wear, temperature, machine construction errors, load, inertia
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
- G05B2219/35408—Calculate new position data from actual data to compensate for contour error
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Abstract
The invention discloses a numerical control machine space error compensation method, which aims at solving the problem of low precision of the existing compensation method; the invention provides two error compensation modes respectively, namely, the tool path file is compensated through offline software according to a space error detection result and then is input into a numerical control system to carry out part processing. The other mode is that according to the space error detection result, a corresponding error compensation table is generated by matching with the Huazhong numerical control system and is input into the numerical control system of the machine tool to complete the online compensation of the space error; the two compensation modes provided by the invention can realize the compensation effect with higher precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of numerical control machine tools, and particularly relates to a spatial error compensation technology.
Background
Today, precision and ultra-precision machining techniques have become an important component of modern machine manufacturing. The precision index of the numerical control machine tool as an important tool in mechanical manufacturing is an important influence factor influencing the co-construction machining precision. Therefore, it is very important to improve the precision of the numerical control machine, and the geometric error of the machine tool is one of the main error factors affecting the precision of the processed workpiece, so one of the main ways to improve the precision of the numerical control machine and reduce the machining error is to compensate the collective error of the numerical control machine, but the compensation method in the prior art has the problem of unsatisfactory precision improvement effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for compensating the space error of the numerical control machine tool, which realizes the compensation of the space error in an off-line mode and an on-line mode.
One of the schemes adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for compensating the space error of a numerical control machine tool comprises the following steps:
a1, calculating the actual position and the attitude of the cutter according to the error identification result and the spatial error model, and adjusting the position and the attitude of the ideal cutter;
and A2, performing compliance treatment on the adjusted tool path through a NURBS curve.
The NURBS curve expression mode of the step A2 is as follows:
the second scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for compensating space error of numerically controlled machine tool includes such steps as providing the corresponding compensation data by geometric error compensation function according to the result of detection and identification of space error, and compensating the space error according to the short data.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides two error compensation modes respectively, namely, the tool path file is compensated through offline software according to a space error detection result and then is input into a numerical control system to carry out part processing. The other mode is that according to the space error detection result, a corresponding error compensation table is generated by matching with the Huazhong numerical control system and is input into the numerical control system of the machine tool to complete the online compensation of the space error; the two compensation modes provided by the invention can realize the compensation effect with higher precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an offline compensation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of online compensation provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical contents of the present invention by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides two methods for compensating the space precision of a five-axis numerical control machine tool, and the other method is to compensate a tool path file through offline software according to a space error detection result and then input the tool path file into a numerical control system for part processing. The other method is that according to the space error detection result, a corresponding error compensation table is generated by matching with the Huazhong numerical control system and is input into the numerical control system of the machine tool to complete the online compensation of the space error.
1. Offline compensation
The space error of the five-axis numerical control machine tool is the comprehensive influence of all geometric errors on the position and the posture of the cutter. By the detection result of the machine tool space error and the error identification method, each geometric error can be identified, and meanwhile, the position and the posture of the tool at any position in the machine tool working space can be predicted through the space error model by means of the identification result, so that the direct compensation of the position and the posture error of the tool can be realized.
At present, in mainstream CAM software, the generation of a part processing tool path can be realized, then a tool path file is processed through post-processing software, a processing code is generated, and the processing code is input into a numerical control system for actual processing. Here, the compensation of the machine tool spatial error is realized by directly changing the position and the posture of the tool with respect to the tool path file generated by the CAM software. As shown in fig. 1, the specific implementation method is as follows:
a. and calculating the actual position and the attitude of the tool according to the error identification result and the spatial error model, and adjusting the position and the attitude of the ideal tool.
b. Performing compliance treatment on the compensated tool path through a NURBS curve
Because the compensated tool position and posture are changed relative to the ideal position, the tool path may have a sudden change in the tool position or posture at some positions. As shown in fig. 2, the compensated tool position and posture are interpolated by the NURBS curve to generate a new compliant tool path for post-processing. Thus, the compensation method of the spatial error by changing the tool path in an off-line mode is completed.
NURBS curve expression:
2. on-line compensation
The China central numerical control system HNC-8 has developed a corresponding function of space error compensation, wherein compensation of 33 geometric errors is provided, wherein the relative errors of 3 translation axes are 18, the relative errors of 2 rotation axes are 12, and the verticality error between the translation axes is 3.
The Huazhong HNC-8 numerical control system can complete the compensation of the geometric errors through the functions of pitch compensation, perpendicularity compensation, straightness compensation and angle compensation. The corresponding compensation function information provided by the Huazhong numerical control system is shown in tables 1-4:
TABLE 1 Pitch Compensation function
TABLE 2 verticality Compensation function
TABLE 3 straightness Compensation function
TABLE 4 Angle Compensation function
Therefore, corresponding compensation data can be directly provided according to the detection and identification results of the spatial error and the corresponding geometric error compensation function provided by the Huazhong numerical control system, and the compensation of the spatial error is realized.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for compensating the space error of a numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a1, calculating the actual position and the attitude of the cutter according to the error identification result and the spatial error model, and adjusting the position and the attitude of the ideal cutter;
and A2, performing compliance treatment on the adjusted tool path through a NURBS curve.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said NURBS curve in step a2 is expressed as:
3. a method for compensating the space error of numerically-controlled machine tool features that the geometric error compensation function is obtained by the NC system according to the result of space error detection and identification, and the compensation data is provided.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116466650A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-07-21 | 上海铼钠克数控科技有限公司 | Precision compensation method and application of numerical control machine tool |
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