CN114063173A - Building roof leakage detection system and method - Google Patents
Building roof leakage detection system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for detecting leakage of a building roof, wherein a leakage area is arranged on the inner side of the roof, and a detection area is arranged on the outer side of the roof; the array electrical method synchronous transmitter, the array electrical method receiver and the processing terminal are sequentially connected; the array electrical method synchronous transmitter is electrically connected with a power supply electrode A and a power supply electrode B; the power supply electrode A is tightly contacted with the leakage area, and the power supply electrode B is arranged on the outer side of the roof and is positioned outside the range of the detection area; the array electrical method receiver is electrically connected with the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N and detects the potential difference between the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N; and the processing terminal receives the potential difference output by the array electrical method receiver and processes the detection result. The invention can detect the position of the electric field abnormity, thereby finding out the roof leakage source. The invention can improve the working efficiency, does not damage the roof structure, avoids the subjectivity of detection personnel and can greatly improve the accuracy of leakage source searching.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building engineering, and relates to detection of a leakage source in building waterproof engineering, in particular to a system and a method for detecting leakage of a building roof.
Background
With the rapid development of economy and the continuous improvement of requirements of people on working and living environments, building construction with good fire is developed in various places, and building roofs mainly adopt flat roofs, generally comprise a structural layer, a heat insulation layer, a waterproof layer and a protective layer and are common roof forms in life. Roof waterproof engineering is an important part in building engineering, but because roof boarding installation quality is poor, concrete vibrates densely, and heaped heavy materials lead to roof slab fracture and waterproof layer to be destroyed etc. reason, the leakage problem occasionally takes place in the roofing, and the seepage water both influences the appearance quality of building, also influences its suitability, durability and security. The premise of preventing and controlling the roof leakage is to find a leakage source, which is a difficult problem which troubles engineering technicians for a long time. Because water has the characteristic of' no hole, the real leakage source can not be found by the traditional detection means depending on visual inspection and experience, accurate plugging and repairing can not be carried out, and the leakage problem can not be radically treated.
The existing roof leakage detection methods include a direct observation method, a water spraying method, a tracer substance method, a smoke method, an ultrasonic detection method, an infrared thermal image method, an electromagnetic wave method and the like. The direct observation method, the water spraying method and the tracer substance method usually consume time and labor, rely on the experience judgment of detection personnel, and have strong subjectivity, low detection precision and low efficiency. The flue gas method needs to open a hole on the roofing material in order to let the flue gas in, can cause the damage to the roofing. The ultrasonic detection method is mainly used for detecting concrete cracks, and the sensitivity of the ultrasonic detection method to cracks filled with water is not high. The electromagnetic wave method can obtain the moisture content distribution on the roof, but the unevenness of the roof can cause the concentration of local water, so that a high-value region of the moisture content does not correspond to a leakage source. The abnormal temperature of the roof obtained by the infrared thermal imaging method is not all related to leakage, and other factors such as roof stains and equipment installed below the roof panel can influence the infrared thermal imaging result, so that the judgment on a leakage source is influenced.
The electrical prospecting is an application science developed by electricity, electromagnetism, electronics and electrochemistry in solving the problems of geology, geology mine searching and underground water searching. The geophysical foundation of electrical prospecting is the difference of electrical properties among different geologic bodies, and the distribution of underground geological structures, minerals and underground water can be found out by observing and researching the space and time distribution rule and the change characteristics of artificial or natural electromagnetic fields caused by the electrical differences. The charging method is a branching method of electrical prospecting. When a well-conducting geologic body with natural or artificial outcrops is charged, we can approximately consider it as an ideal conductor if the resistivity of the well-conducting geologic body is much less than that of the surrounding rock. When the ideal conductor is located in a general conductive medium, power is supplied (or "charged") to any point on the ideal conductor, and the current spreads out over the ideal conductor. Many metal ore bodies and some highly mineralized groundwater, which have a very low resistivity relative to the surrounding rock, can be considered approximately ideal conductors. Thus, if such natural or artificial outcrops are charged and the distribution of the charging electric field is observed when they are locally exposed on the surface or exposed by some kind of exploration or development engineering, the electric distribution of the whole underground good conductive geologic body (ore body or high mineralized groundwater) and the surrounding rocks can be deduced according to the electric charge, thereby solving some specific geological problems.
Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art to provide a high-efficiency and high-accuracy system and method for detecting leakage of building roof.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a system and a method for detecting leakage of a roof of a building, which are used for determining the position of a roof leakage source based on a charging method. The leakage area below the roof is charged, even if the roof has slight leakage due to the connectivity of the leakage channel, the electric field of the whole roof is changed relative to that when the leakage does not occur, and for the change, the abnormal position of the electric field can be detected through a high-precision synchronous array electrical method measuring system, so that the leakage source of the roof is found out. The invention can improve the working efficiency, does not damage the roof structure, avoids the subjectivity of detection personnel and can greatly improve the accuracy of leakage source searching.
The specific scheme for achieving the purpose is as follows:
a leakage detection system for a building roof is characterized in that a leakage area is arranged on the inner side of the roof, and a detection area is arranged on the outer side of the roof; the system comprises an array electrical method synchronous transmitter, an array electrical method receiver and a processing terminal; the array electrical method synchronous transmitter, the array electrical method receiver and the processing terminal are connected in sequence; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the array electrical method synchronous transmitter is electrically connected with the power supply electrode A and the power supply electrode B and outputs constant voltage; the power supply electrode A is in close contact with the leakage area, and the power supply electrode B is arranged on the outer side of the roof and is positioned outside the range of the detection area;
the array electrical method receiver is electrically connected with the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N and detects the potential difference between the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N; the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N are arranged in the detection area at a fixed interval;
and the processing terminal receives the potential difference output by the array electrical method receiver and processes the detection result.
Preferably, grids are divided at equal intervals in the region to be detected, the grid points are used as measuring points, the connecting line of each row of grid points is used as a measuring line, and the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N are arranged on two adjacent measuring points on the measuring line.
Preferably, the feeding electrode a and the feeding electrode B are iron electrodes with electrode plates.
Preferably, the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N are non-polarizing electrodes.
Preferably, the system further comprises a power supply electrically connected with the array electrical method synchronous transmitter and the array electrical method receiver. The power supply may also provide power to the processing terminal.
Preferably, the power supply electrode A is provided with a telescopic rod for supporting and fixing the power supply electrode A on the inner side surface of the roof.
Preferably, the array electrical method receiver is connected with the processing terminal through wires or wirelessly, and the processing terminal comprises a computer or a tablet.
The invention also discloses a detection method of the building roof leakage detection system, which adopts a potential gradient method to carry out measurement and comprises the following steps:
step one, building a leakage detection system of the building roof;
step two, the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N keep a fixed distance to measure a plurality of measuring point pairs in the detection area, and the potential difference between the measuring point pairs is obtained in sequence;
and step three, drawing an equipotential plane diagram of the detection area according to the potential difference, and judging the position of the leakage source according to the potential high value area.
Preferably, the first step includes: the power supply electrode A is provided with a telescopic rod, and the height of the telescopic rod is adjusted to support and fix the power supply electrode A on the inner side surface of the roof.
Preferably, the second step includes: dividing grids in the area to be detected at equal intervals, taking the grid points as measuring points, and taking a connecting line of each row of grid points as a measuring line; and taking adjacent measuring points as measuring point pairs, moving the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N together along a measuring line, sequentially measuring the potential difference delta U on the measuring point pairs, and taking a recording point as the midpoint of a connecting line of the measuring point pairs.
Preferably, the third step includes: and calculating to obtain an equipotential plane diagram of the detection area according to the potential difference, wherein the contour line is dense, and the potential value is higher than the position of the leakage source corresponding to the center of the area in a given range.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts a synchronous array electrical method measuring system to detect the electric field distribution of the leakage roof, and finds out the position of the leakage source corresponding to the potential abnormal area by drawing the equipotential plane diagram of the leakage detection area, thereby effectively eliminating abnormal interference, avoiding damage to the roof structure by implementing the method, and effectively guiding leakage repair treatment by the detection result.
After the general position of the leakage source is analyzed and judged, secondary observation can be carried out on the encryption grid points in a small range, so that the position of the leakage source is further accurately positioned, and the accuracy of leakage source searching and detecting can be greatly improved.
The theoretical basis for the implementation of the invention is that the resistivity of a leakage channel caused by water leakage is obviously lower than that of a roof waterproof coiled material, concrete and the like, and a leakage source is detected by observing the uneven distribution condition of a roof electric field after the roof is charged, so that the detection is more accurate, comprehensive and visual.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from the provided drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for detecting leakage from a roof of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the power supply electrode and the measuring electrode on the roof according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a potential plan view of a detection region and the like according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
10 is a roof; 11 is a structural layer; 12 is a waterproof layer; 2 is a leakage area; 3 is a leakage source; 4 is a water leakage channel; 5 is a power supply electrode A; 6 is a power supply electrode B; 7 is a measuring electrode M; 8 is a measuring electrode N; and 9 is a telescopic rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in a first aspect of the present invention, a leakage detecting system for a roof of a building is disclosed, in which a leakage area 2 is provided on an inner side of a roof 10, for example, on an inner side surface of an upper roof, and a detection area is provided on an outer side of the roof 10, for example, on an outer side surface of the upper roof. The resistivity of the rainwater is lower, generally less than 100 omega.m, and when the roof of a building leaks, the resistivity of the leakage channel is obviously lower than that of a roof waterproof coiled material, concrete and the like due to the invasion of the rainwater.
The invention is based on the principle of a charging method in electrical prospecting, and considers that the conductivity of a water-containing leakage channel is better than that of a roof waterproof coiled material, concrete and the like, when the roof leaks, a water leakage point or wet stain appears below the roof, the leakage area below the roof is charged (less than 24V), and current is mainly conducted along the leakage channel. The distribution of the roof charging electric field is observed by a high-precision synchronous array electrical method measuring system, and the abnormal area of the roof electric field is analyzed and calculated, so that the roof leakage source is detected.
As shown in fig. 2, when a leakage occurs on the roof 10, rainwater may penetrate into the waterproof layer 12 and the structural layer 11 through the leakage source 3, and form a leakage water channel 4 in the waterproof layer 12 and the structural layer 11, and finally leak from the inner side of the roof 10, such as the bottom of the roof to the inside of a house, and form a leakage area 2 on the inner side of the roof 10.
The embodiment comprises an array electrical method synchronous transmitter, an array electrical method receiver and a processing terminal; the array electrical method synchronous transmitter, the array electrical method receiver and the processing terminal are connected in sequence; the array electrical method synchronous transmitter is electrically connected with a power supply electrode A5 and a power supply electrode B6 and outputs constant voltage; the power supply electrode A5 is closely contacted with the leakage area 2, and the power supply electrode B6 is arranged on the outer side of the roof 10, such as the top of the roof, and is positioned outside the detection area; the array electrical method receiver is electrically connected with the measuring electrode M7 and the measuring electrode N8, and measures the potential difference between the measuring electrode M7 and the measuring electrode N8; the measuring electrode M7 and the measuring electrode N8 are arranged in the detection area at a fixed interval; and the processing terminal receives the potential difference output by the array electrical method receiver and processes the detection result.
In the embodiment, the array electrical method synchronous transmitter is connected with the array electrical method receiver through a cable; the voltage transmitting port of the array electrical method synchronous transmitter is respectively connected with a power supply electrode A5 and a power supply electrode B6 through electrode connecting wires; the signal receiving end of the array electrical method receiver is respectively connected with the measuring electrode M7 and the measuring electrode N8 through electrode connecting wires.
In one embodiment, grids are divided at equal intervals in the region to be detected, the grid points are used as measuring points, the connecting line of each row of grid points is used as a measuring line, and the measuring electrode M7 and the measuring electrode N8 are arranged on two adjacent measuring points on the measuring line.
In one embodiment, supply electrode A5 and supply electrode B6 are iron electrodes with electrode plates.
In one embodiment, measurement electrode M7 and measurement electrode N8 are non-polarizing electrodes.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises a power supply for supplying power to the array electrical method synchronous transmitter and the array electrical method receiver, and also can supply power to the processing terminal.
In one embodiment, the powered electrode A5 is fitted with a telescoping rod 9 for supporting and securing the powered electrode A5 inside the roof 10, such as on the lower surface of an upper roof.
In one embodiment, the arrayed electrographic receiver supports transmission of collected potential data to a processing terminal, including a computer or tablet, over a wired network or wireless WiFi.
The invention also discloses a detection method of the building roof leakage detection system by utilizing the first aspect, and the building roof leakage detection method of the invention is implemented by depending on a detection device consisting of a processing terminal and a synchronous array electrical method measurement system and adopting a potential gradient method to carry out measurement. Obvious water leakage points or wet spots can appear below the roof 10 after leakage occurs, and the leakage source 3 is detected when the leakage phenomena are visible, namely, in order to accurately detect the leakage source 3, the detection time needs to be paid attention to, namely, water needs to be arranged in the leakage water inlet and outlet and the leakage water channel 4. The method comprises the following steps:
s1, building a building roof leakage detection system, which comprises a processing terminal and a synchronous array electrical method measurement system.
In this embodiment, after the wires are connected, the power supply electrode a5, the power supply electrode B6, the measurement electrode M7, and the measurement electrode N8 are arranged at suitable positions on the roof, specifically: a power supply electrode A5 is arranged in the leakage area 2 below the roof to be used as a positive electrode to charge the roof 10, an electrode plate of the power supply electrode A5 is tightly attached to the leakage area 2, the height of a telescopic rod 9 connected with the power supply electrode A5 is adjusted to be the same as the height of a room, and therefore the power supply electrode A5 is stably supported below the roof; a power supply electrode B6 is arranged above the roof 10 far away from the detection area to serve as a negative electrode, and an electrode plate of the power supply electrode B6 is tightly attached to the roof; measurement electrode M7 and measurement electrode N8 were laid out at two adjacent stations (grid points) on the measurement line. The power supply electrode a5 and the power supply electrode B6, the measuring electrode M7 and the measuring electrode N8 are all in good contact with the roof 10 to ensure that the subsequent leakage detection obtains an accurate potential value.
In one embodiment, S1 includes: the power feeding electrode a5 is provided with a telescopic bar 9, and the height of the telescopic bar 9 is adjusted to support and fix the power feeding electrode a5 on the inner side of the roof 10, such as the lower surface of the upper roof.
S2, measuring electrode M7 and measuring electrode N8 are kept at fixed distances, measuring is carried out on a plurality of measuring point pairs in the detection area, and potential differences among the detecting point pairs are sequentially obtained.
In one embodiment, S2 includes: grids are marked out in the area to be detected above the roof at equal intervals, the interval between the grid points is not easy to be overlarge, the overlarge influence on the resolution of a detection result is caused, and the range is generally set to be 20-30 cm. The grid points are used for marking the positions of the measuring points, and the connecting line of each row of grid points is used as a measuring line.
In this embodiment, the array electrical method synchronous transmitter outputs a constant voltage through the power supply electrode, the voltage is less than 24V to ensure safety, then the measurement electrode M7 and the measurement electrode N8 keep a fixed distance (the distance is equal to the distance between the grid points) and move together along the measurement line, and the array electrical method receiver is used to sequentially measure the potential difference Δ U at two adjacent grid points, where the recording point is the midpoint of MN. Since the potential gradient has a positive and a negative component, the sign change of the measured potential difference Δ U is recorded during observation. And the potential difference delta U obtained by successive measurement is transmitted to a processing terminal through a wired network or wireless WiFi.
And S3, drawing an equipotential plane diagram of the detection area according to the potential difference, and judging the position of the leakage source 3 according to the potential high value area.
The invention relates to a method for detecting leakage of building roof, which is based on ohm's law EMN＝ρMN·jMN，ΔUMN＝EMNMN, wherein EMNThe electric field intensity between a measuring electrode M and a measuring electrode N, MN is the distance from the measuring electrode M to the measuring electrode N and is equal to the adjacent grid interval rho of the to-be-detected area of the roofMNIs the resistivity, j, of the roof structure between the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode NMNIs the current density flowing through the roof structure between the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N. If the roof leaks, rho near a leakage source can be causedMNAnd jMNThereby causing Δ UMNOn the contrary, if the roof is not leaky, there is no significant electric field anomaly. According to Δ UMNThe position of the roof leakage source can be inferred according to the changed position, so that the roof leakage repairing treatment is effectively guided.
In one embodiment, S3 includes: and calculating the equipotential plane diagram of the detection area according to the potential difference, wherein the center of the area, of which the contour lines are dense and the potential value is higher than a given range, corresponds to the position of the leakage source 3, as shown in fig. 3.
The embodiment of the invention is more convenient to detect the position of the electric field abnormity, thereby finding out the roof leakage source. The invention can improve the working efficiency, does not damage the roof structure, has large detection coverage and more objective and visual detection result, and can greatly improve the accuracy of leakage source detection.
The present invention provides a building roof leakage detection system and method, which is described in detail above, and the specific examples are applied in the description to explain the principle and the implementation of the present invention, and the description of the above examples is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
In this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (10)
1. The leakage detection system for the roof of the building house is characterized in that a leakage area is arranged on the inner side of the roof, and a detection area is arranged on the outer side of the roof; the system comprises an array electrical method synchronous transmitter, an array electrical method receiver and a processing terminal; the array electrical method synchronous transmitter, the array electrical method receiver and the processing terminal are connected in sequence; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the array electrical method synchronous transmitter is electrically connected with the power supply electrode A and the power supply electrode B and outputs constant voltage; the power supply electrode A is in close contact with the leakage area, and the power supply electrode B is arranged on the outer side of the roof and is positioned outside the range of the detection area;
the array electrical method receiver is electrically connected with the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N and detects the potential difference between the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N; the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N are arranged in the detection area at a fixed interval;
and the processing terminal receives the potential difference output by the array electrical method receiver and processes the detection result.
2. The system for detecting the roof leakage of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the areas to be detected are divided into grids at equal intervals, the grid points are used as measuring points, the connecting line of each row of the grid points is used as a measuring line, and the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N are arranged on two adjacent measuring points on the measuring line.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the power supply electrode a and the power supply electrode B are iron electrodes with electrode plates.
4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the measuring electrodes M and N are non-polarized electrodes.
5. The system for detecting the leakage of the roof of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power supply electrode A is provided with a telescopic rod for supporting and fixing the power supply electrode A on the inner surface of the roof.
6. The system for detecting leakage from roof of building according to claim 1, wherein said array electrical receiver is connected to said processing terminal by wire or wirelessly, and the processing terminal comprises a computer or a tablet.
7. A detection method of the building roof leakage detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the potential gradient method is adopted for measurement, and the method comprises the following steps:
step one, building a leakage detection system of the building roof;
step two, the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N keep a fixed distance to measure a plurality of measuring point pairs in the detection area, and the potential difference between the measuring point pairs is obtained in sequence;
and step three, drawing an equipotential plane diagram of the detection area according to the potential difference, and judging the position of the leakage source according to the potential high value area.
8. The detection method according to claim 7, wherein the first step comprises: the power supply electrode A is provided with a telescopic rod, and the height of the telescopic rod is adjusted to support and fix the power supply electrode A on the inner side surface of the roof.
9. The detection method according to claim 7, wherein the second step comprises: dividing grids in the area to be detected at equal intervals, taking the grid points as measuring points, and taking a connecting line of each row of grid points as a measuring line; and taking adjacent measuring points as measuring point pairs, moving the measuring electrode M and the measuring electrode N together along a measuring line, sequentially measuring the potential difference delta U on the measuring point pairs, and taking a recording point as the midpoint of a connecting line of the measuring point pairs.
10. The detection method according to claim 7, wherein the third step comprises: and drawing an equipotential plane diagram of the detection area according to the potential difference, wherein the contour line is dense, and the center of the area with the potential value higher than a given range corresponds to the position of the leakage source.
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| CN102691286A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-09-26 | 湖南继善高科技有限公司 | Method and device for monitoring seepage of underground diaphragm wall of foundation ditch of building |
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| CN102691286A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-09-26 | 湖南继善高科技有限公司 | Method and device for monitoring seepage of underground diaphragm wall of foundation ditch of building |
| JP2018205165A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2018-12-27 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Water leaking position detection system |
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