CN114062166A - Rapid assessment method for thermal fatigue performance of metal material - Google Patents
Rapid assessment method for thermal fatigue performance of metal material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114062166A CN114062166A CN202111352987.XA CN202111352987A CN114062166A CN 114062166 A CN114062166 A CN 114062166A CN 202111352987 A CN202111352987 A CN 202111352987A CN 114062166 A CN114062166 A CN 114062166A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0228—Low temperature; Cooling means
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of metal material reliability verification methods, in particular to a method for quickly evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of a metal material, which comprises a material parameter calibration process and a V-shaped sample thermal fatigue performance test evaluation; the material parameter calibration process obtains curing parameters of the material through processes of a tensile test, stress analysis on a sample piece and the like, the V-shaped sample piece thermal fatigue performance test evaluation step obtains a strain life relation through processes of a fatigue test, coupling analysis of a sample, strain analysis, temperature strain analysis and the like, then obtains a strain life relation curve of the metal through continuous tests, and tests are carried out on various metals by adopting the same method to obtain the strain life relation of different metals. The invention has the advantages of fast temperature rise, uniform temperature, short period, strong applicability, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal material reliability verification methods, in particular to a method for rapidly evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of a metal material.
Background
Along with the tightening of national environmental protection regulations, the exhaust temperature of an engine is higher and higher, and the problem of structural thermal fatigue failure of an after-treatment product is more and more obvious. How to optimize and improve the thermal fatigue property of metal materials becomes a great technical problem in the industry.
At present, the methods for detecting the thermal fatigue performance of metal materials in the market mainly comprise a standard thermal fatigue experiment, a combustor cold and hot impact experiment and a high and low temperature environment box. The experimental methods have the defects of slow temperature rise, high cost, long test period and the like.
Therefore, in order to overcome the defects of the existing thermal fatigue test method, it is necessary to develop a method for rapidly evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of the metal material for the metal plate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects, provides a method for quickly evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of a metal material, aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a reasonable, feasible and effective method for quickly evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of the metal material.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the method for rapidly evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of the metal material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) performing a thermal fatigue test on the metal, wherein the thermal fatigue test obtains temperature life relation load settings including a highest temperature, a lowest temperature, heating time and cooling time according to different load settings;
2) performing a cyclic tensile test on the metal to obtain a test stress-strain curve; performing stress-strain analysis on the metal according to the material parameters to obtain test analysis calibration, comparing a test stress-strain curve with the test analysis calibration, and outputting cured material parameters;
3) modeling a sample, setting parameters of the modeling of the sample, wherein the parameter settings comprise parameters of a curing material, constraint conditions, temperature loading settings, material parameters and boundary conditions, obtaining a strain analysis result through thermal-mechanical coupling analysis, and obtaining a temperature strain relation according to the relationship between the strain analysis result and the temperature; obtaining a strain life relation by comparing the temperature strain relation with the temperature life relation;
4) repeating the steps 1) to 3), obtaining the relationship of the strain life under different strain levels, and fitting into a curve L1;
5) a sample of another metal material was evaluated in the same manner as in steps 1) to 4) to obtain a fitted curve L2.
As a further improvement of the invention, the preparation conditions of the thermal fatigue test comprise a V-shaped sample for preparing metal and a detection device for mounting the V-shaped sample.
As a further development of the invention, the detection device comprises a fixing component, a heating module, a temperature sensor, a force sensor and a control module for receiving and processing data.
As a further improvement of the invention, the sample modeling is consistent with the size and shape of the V-shaped sample.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step 2) of setting the output curing material parameters comprises the following steps:
1) preparing conditions of a cyclic tensile test, and inputting information of a calibration process, including tensile sample piece manufacturing and load setting;
2) the preparation conditions of the test analysis calibration are established, a tensile sample member digital model is established, and the parameters of the material model are determined according to the experimental stress-strain curve; determining the parameter setting range according to the determined material parameters and the input information of the calibration process;
3) comparing the test analysis calibration with the test stress-strain curve, and if the analysis test results are inconsistent, returning to the parameter setting for parameter optimization; and if the analysis test results are consistent, outputting the parameters of the curing material.
As a further improvement of the invention, the parameter optimization of the step 3) comprises material parameters, load parameters, boundary conditions and the like.
As a further improvement of the invention, the temperature loading setting of the step 3) comprises the maximum temperature, the minimum temperature, the heating time and the cooling time
As a further improvement of the invention, the thermal fatigue test tests the thermal fatigue performance of the metal through high and low temperature cyclic loading, records the action reaction force in the test process, finishes the test when the action reaction force is reduced by 50%, and outputs the test result, including cycle number record and loading curve.
As a further improvement of the invention, the thermal fatigue test tests the thermal fatigue performance of the V-shaped test sample through high and low temperature cyclic loads, records the action reaction force in the test process, finishes the test when the action reaction force is reduced by 50%, and outputs the test result, including cycle number record and load curve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the sample piece is heated directly by current, so that the temperature rise of the sample piece is fast;
the middle heat-conducting medium is cancelled, so that the heat loss is less;
the sample piece adopts an equal section, and the temperature distribution is uniform;
the heating and cooling time is short, so that the experimental period is obviously shortened, and the test cost is low.
The method is suitable for detecting the thermal fatigue performance of various metal conductors and has strong applicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process for calibrating material parameters.
Fig. 2 is a schematic drawing of a tensile sample.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the evaluation of the thermal fatigue performance test of the V-shaped sample.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a V-shaped pattern mounting state.
FIG. 5 is an example graph of a V-shaped sample strain life curve fit.
Description of reference numerals: 1-detection device, 2-V type sample, 3-bottom plate, 4-first wire, 5-pressing block, 6-temperature sensor, 7-pressing wheel, 8-second wire, 9-force sensor and 10-stop block.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a method for rapidly evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of a metal material, which comprises two steps, namely a material parameter calibration process and a V-shaped sample thermal fatigue performance test evaluation.
The first step, the material parameter calibration process, is shown in fig. 1.
1) Input information of a calibration process comprises manufacturing of a tensile sample, load setting and a tensile sample digital-analog;
2) setting the tensile sample piece according to the load to perform a cyclic tensile test;
3) making a test stress-strain curve according to data obtained by a cyclic tensile test;
4) determining material model parameters according to the stress-strain curve;
5) determining the parameter setting range according to the material model parameters and the stretching sample digital model;
6) according to the parameter setting, carrying out finite element analysis and stress-strain curve analysis on the tensile sample in sequence, and further obtaining test analysis calibration;
7) comparing the test analysis calibration with the test stress-strain curve, and if the analysis test results are inconsistent, returning to the parameter setting for parameter optimization; and if the analysis test results are consistent, outputting the parameters of the curing material.
The tensile sample piece manufacturing, load setting and tensile sample digital analogy are input information of the process;
the tensile sample piece is made into a standard sample, a commonly used sample in a shape of a dog bone is a sample with two ends larger than the middle size, the sample is tested by a tensile testing machine, and a cyclic stress-strain curve of the sample is recorded, and the cyclic stress-strain curve is shown in figure 2.
The load setting comprises a load value, a loading rate, an environment temperature and cyclic loading times;
the cyclic tensile test is used for testing the response condition of the tensile sample piece under cyclic load and outputting a test stress-strain curve;
determining material parameters by fitting according to a test stress-strain curve;
setting parameters, including material information, load information and boundary information;
the finite element analysis is used for carrying out mechanical analysis on a tensile sample member digital-analog, simulating the working condition of a cyclic tensile test and outputting an analysis stress-strain curve;
the test analysis and calibration, the stress-strain curve obtained by the test and analysis is compared, and the material model parameters are corrected;
and judging, if the analysis test results are inconsistent, returning to parameter setting, performing parameter optimization including material parameters, load parameters, boundary conditions and the like, and outputting the parameters of the solidified material for use in the next process after the parameters are judged to be qualified.
And secondly, testing and evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of the V-shaped test sample, as shown in FIG. 3.
1) Manufacturing a V-shaped sample 2;
2) a detection device 1 for installing a V-shaped sample 2;
3) carrying out temperature loading setting on the V-shaped sample 2, wherein the temperature loading setting comprises the highest temperature, the lowest temperature, the heating time and the cooling time;
4) carrying out a thermal fatigue test on the V-shaped sample 2 according to the temperature loading setting, and recording the test result to obtain the temperature life relation;
5) setting parameters of the output curing material;
6) input information of a process is calibrated according to output curing material parameters;
7) modeling according to the sample piece parameter V-shaped sample adopted in the step 5);
8) setting parameters including curing material parameters, constraint conditions, temperature loading setting, material parameters and boundary conditions on the basis of V-shaped sample modeling;
9) making a temperature strain relation;
10) obtaining a strain life relation according to the temperature life relation and the temperature strain relation;
11) repeating the steps 3) to 10), obtaining the relationship of the strain life under different strain levels, and fitting into a curve L1;
12) and (3) evaluating a sample of another metal material by the same method of the steps 1) to 11) to obtain a fitting curve L2, and after comparison, selecting the sample with strong thermal fatigue performance, namely the sample with strong thermal fatigue performance can experience more cycles under the same strain level, as shown in FIG. 5.
The detection device 1 for the V-shaped sample 2 in the step 2) comprises a fixing component, a heating module, a temperature sensor 6, a force sensor 9 and a control module for receiving and processing data, the common device is shown in fig. 4, the fixing component comprises a bottom plate 3, a pressing block 5, a pressing wheel 7 and a stop block 10, the heating module comprises a first electric wire 4, a second electric wire 8 and an external power supply, the stop block 10 is vertically fixed on the bottom plate 3, one end of the V-shaped sample 2 is connected with the stop block 10, the force sensor 9 is arranged between the V-shaped sample 2 and the stop block 10, the temperature sensor 6 is arranged at the top end of the V-shaped sample 2, the other end of the V-shaped sample 2 is fixed through the pressing block 5, the pressing wheel 7 is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the V-shaped sample 2, and the pressing wheel 7 and the pressing block 5 are respectively connected with the second electric wire 8 and the first electric wire 4.
The V-shaped sample modeling is consistent with the size and shape of the V-shaped sample 2.
The V-shaped sample 2, the temperature loading setting and the V-shaped sample modeling are input information of the process.
The shape of the V-shaped sample 2 is shown in fig. 4.
The temperature loading setting is carried out according to actual working conditions and experimental requirements and comprises the highest temperature, the lowest temperature, the heating time and the cooling time;
the sample is mounted, one end of the sample is fixed, and the other end of the sample is connected with a force sensor 9, as shown in FIG. 4;
the temperature sensor 6 monitors the temperature of the sample piece in real time and is used for temperature closed-loop control, the pressing block 5 is connected with the first electric wire 4, and the pressing wheel 7 is connected with the second electric wire 8; one section of the V-shaped sample 2 is fixedly pressed by a pressing block 5, the other end of the V-shaped sample is limited by a pressing wheel 7, and the end surface of the V-shaped sample is connected with a force sensor 9, so that the acting force can be measured in real time;
and in the thermal fatigue test, the thermal fatigue performance of the V-shaped test sample 2 is tested through high-low temperature cyclic load, and the action counter force in the test process is recorded. When the reaction force is reduced by 50%, the experiment is finished, and the experimental result is output, including cycle number record and load curve.
The temperature life relation is obtained from experimental results, particularly the corresponding relation between the temperature difference and the cycle number, and can be used for evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of the V-shaped test sample 2;
the size and shape of the V-shaped sample digital model are consistent with those of the V-shaped sample 2;
the material parameters refer to the output solidified material parameters in the first step material parameter calibration process;
the parameter setting comprises setting of constraint conditions, temperature loads, material parameters, boundary conditions and the like;
the thermal engine coupling analysis simulates the thermal fatigue experiment process of the V-shaped sample 2, including the heating process and the cooling process, and outputs a strain analysis result to represent the response result of the V-shaped sample 2 to the temperature;
the temperature strain relation specifically refers to a corresponding relation between a temperature difference value and a strain difference value through heating-cooling cycle analysis;
the strain life relation is obtained through the temperature life relation and the temperature strain relation and can be used for representing the thermal fatigue performance index of the V-shaped test sample 2.
Claims (8)
1. A rapid evaluation method for the thermal fatigue performance of a metal material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) performing a thermal fatigue test on the metal, wherein the thermal fatigue test obtains temperature life relation load settings including a highest temperature, a lowest temperature, heating time and cooling time according to different load settings;
2) performing a cyclic tensile test on the metal to obtain a test stress-strain curve; performing stress-strain analysis on the metal according to the material parameters to obtain test analysis calibration, comparing a test stress-strain curve with the test analysis calibration, and outputting cured material parameters;
3) modeling a sample, setting parameters of the modeling of the sample, wherein the parameter settings comprise parameters of a curing material, constraint conditions, temperature loading settings, material parameters and boundary conditions, obtaining a strain analysis result through thermal-mechanical coupling analysis, and obtaining a temperature strain relation according to the relationship between the strain analysis result and the temperature; obtaining a strain life relation by comparing the temperature strain relation with the temperature life relation;
4) repeating the steps 1) to 3), obtaining the relationship of the strain life under different strain levels, and fitting into a curve L1;
5) a sample of another metal material was evaluated in the same manner as in steps 1) to 4) to obtain a fitted curve L2.
2. The method for rapidly evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of the metal material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation conditions of the thermal fatigue test comprise the preparation of a V-shaped sample of the metal and the installation of a detection device of the V-shaped sample.
3. The method for rapidly evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of the metal material as claimed in claim 2, wherein said detection means comprises a fixed component, a heating module, a temperature sensor, a force sensor and a control module for receiving and processing data.
4. The method for rapidly evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of the metal material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the sample modeling is consistent with the size and shape of a V-shaped sample.
5. The method for rapidly evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of the metal material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 2) of establishing the output solidified material parameters comprises the following steps:
1) preparing conditions of a cyclic tensile test, and inputting information of a calibration process, including tensile sample piece manufacturing and load setting;
2) the preparation conditions of the test analysis calibration are established, a tensile sample member digital model is established, and the parameters of the material model are determined according to the experimental stress-strain curve; determining the parameter setting range according to the determined material parameters and the input information of the calibration process;
3) comparing the test analysis calibration with the test stress-strain curve, and if the analysis test results are inconsistent, returning to the parameter setting for parameter optimization; and if the analysis test results are consistent, outputting the parameters of the curing material.
6. The method for rapidly evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of the metal material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the parameter optimization of the step 3) comprises material parameters, load parameters, boundary conditions and the like.
7. The method for rapidly evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of the metal material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature loading settings of the step 3) comprise a maximum temperature, a minimum temperature, a heating time and a cooling time.
8. The method for rapidly evaluating the thermal fatigue performance of the metal material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thermal fatigue test is used for testing the thermal fatigue performance of the metal through high and low temperature cyclic loading, action counter force in the experimental process is recorded, the experiment is finished when the action counter force is reduced by 50%, and the experimental result is output and comprises cycle number recording and a loading curve.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115688486A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-02-03 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Thermal fatigue life assessment method and device |
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