CN114062146B - Satellite soil low gravity experiment simulation method and device - Google Patents
Satellite soil low gravity experiment simulation method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114062146B CN114062146B CN202111298487.2A CN202111298487A CN114062146B CN 114062146 B CN114062146 B CN 114062146B CN 202111298487 A CN202111298487 A CN 202111298487A CN 114062146 B CN114062146 B CN 114062146B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006124 Pilkington process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010066057 cabin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UDIQNVMCHWHTBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-one Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC(C1)=O UDIQNVMCHWHTBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of gravity simulation devices, and discloses a star soil low-gravity experimental simulation method and device, wherein the experimental simulation device is based on the experimental simulation method and comprises the following steps: the device comprises a test bin, a sample tank, a measurement and control unit, a test unit and external inflation equipment; the inert gas is introduced into the inner cavity of the sealed test bin, the dead weight of the simulated star soil is counteracted by utilizing the buoyancy of the gas, partial low gravity equivalent is realized, the buoyancy in the laboratory shell can be further regulated by adopting a large specific gravity gas or pressurizing mode, so that low gravity states with different requirements can be realized, the deep space environment with low gravity can be simulated, and the simulation experiment can be used; the device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in operation and lower realization cost, and can provide stable and long-acting experimental environment conditions for the simulation experiment of the measurement and control device under low gravity, and ensure the reliability and repeatability of the experiment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gravity simulation devices, in particular to a device for simulating a low gravity environment to perform deep space experiments.
Background
With the continuous progress of the aerospace technology in China, deep space exploration projects such as moon, mars, asteroid and the like are developed gradually. To ensure the reliability of the completion of the deep space exploration project, a large number of verification of spatial tests are required. Because the operating conditions in the deep space exploration field have the characteristic of low gravity, the simulation of the low gravity environment is an important content for carrying out the low gravity test on the ground.
The ground low gravity simulation test method comprises a weightlessness method, a suspension method and a buoyancy method. The weightlessness method is to offset the gravity acceleration through specific motion, and is commonly known as a tower falling method, a parabolic flight method and a space station test method; the weightlessness method has the advantages of high equivalence of simulation effect, high cost and too short sustainable test time. The suspension method utilizes the rope mechanism, the pulley block and the counterweight to realize that the follow-up pulling force in the opposite direction of the gravity counteracts the gravity action, and has the advantages of simple structure and high degree of freedom, but has large friction resistance, low precision and easy occurrence of hysteresis motion. In the buoyancy method, a water float method is mostly adopted, and the gravity action is counteracted by buoyancy in water, so that low gravity equivalent in the gravity direction is realized; the water float method is easy to realize high buoyancy, the quality and the shape of a test object can be completely equivalent, but water has viscosity, the movement can cause the flow of water, and meanwhile, the test equipment is required to be protected from water, so that the maintenance cost is high. The low gravity simulation test is always striving for designing a simulation device with low cost, long sustainable time, small resistance, high precision and stability
Therefore, how to provide an analog device with low cost, long duration, stable experiment and high precision is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method and a device for simulating low gravity experiments on star soil, which solve at least one of the above technical problems in the prior art to a certain extent.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the low-gravity experimental simulation method for the star soil comprises a test bin, a sample tank, simulated star soil, a test unit and a measurement and control unit, wherein the test bin provides a sealed environment for the test; the sample tank is fixed at the bottom of the test bin, the simulated star soil is placed in the sample tank, the test bin is filled with buoyancy gas, and the test unit is arranged in the test bin and is used for carrying out a test corresponding to the simulated star soil; the measurement and control unit is arranged outside the test bin to monitor the air pressure of the test bin and control the air pressure in the test bin.
Compared with the prior art, the invention discloses a satellite soil low gravity experiment simulation method, which has the advantages that:
the principle of a gas buoyancy method is adopted, buoyancy is provided for simulated star soil in a closed space through a high specific gravity gas or pressurizing mode, and gravity dead weight of the earth is counteracted; the simulated star soil is designed in a lightweight way on the premise of ensuring the surface strength and rigidity, so that the purpose of gravity cancellation is further achieved; the gravity offset can be accurately controlled through the pressurizing strength to realize various low gravity states, the resistance and viscosity influence are greatly reduced relative to a water float method, the device is low in test cost, the low gravity state is stable and long in retention time, and stable and reliable test conditions can be provided for star soil mechanical property research and sampling scheme verification under a low gravity environment.
Preferably, in the above method for experimental simulation of low gravity of star soil, the buoyancy gas is filled in the experimental bin by adopting a high specific gravity gas or a pressurizing mode to obtain the buoyancy in the bin, so as to realize low gravity states with different requirements.
Preferably, in the above method for simulating satellite soil low gravity experiment, the buoyancy coefficient is precisely adjusted by adjusting the pressure concentration of the buoyancy gas, so as to realize different low gravity simulation states.
Preferably, in the above method for experimental simulation of low gravity in star soil, the buoyancy gas is a gas which has a high specific gravity, is transparent, and does not generate phase change in a high pressure environment of 1-5 MPa.
Preferably, in the above method for simulating low gravity experiment of star soil, the buoyancy gas is SF 6 Or xenon.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for simulating low gravity experiment of star soil, the morphological characteristics and mechanical properties of the simulated star soil are the same as those of the star soil, and a light weight design is adopted to further counteract gravity. 7. The method for simulating low-gravity experimental satellite soil according to claim 1, wherein the pressure to be born by the experimental bin is greater than 5MPa; the particles simulating the star soil are irregular polyhedrons, the outer surfaces of the particles simulating the star soil are coated with a coating, the outer contours of the particles simulating the star soil are 3-10 mm, and the strength of the particles simulating the star soil is more than 10MPa.
A star soil low gravity experiment simulation device, comprising: the test bin, the sample tank, the simulated star soil, the test unit and the measurement and control unit,
the test bin is an openable closed container, and an inflation hole for connecting external inflation equipment is formed in the test bin; the sample groove is arranged at the bottom of the test bin; the simulated star soil is placed in the sample tank, and the test unit is installed in the test bin; the monitoring component of the measurement and control unit is arranged in the test bin, and the control part of the monitoring component is arranged outside the test bin.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned experimental simulation device for low gravity of star soil, the test bin is made of transparent material or an observation window is formed on the test bin.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned satellite soil low gravity experiment simulation device, the monitoring component of the measurement and control unit includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a camera; and the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the camera are respectively and electrically connected with the control part of the measurement and control unit to monitor and transmit data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention discloses and provides a satellite soil low gravity experiment simulation device, which has the advantages that:
the experimental device for realizing the simulation experiment method can simulate the deep space environment with low gravity in the experiment so as to realize the low gravity state with different requirements, has simple structure, easy operation and lower production cost, can stably and long-effectively keep the simulation environment, and utilizes the monitoring component of the measurement and control device to carry out experimental monitoring, and the experimental data is convenient to obtain and has higher accuracy.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a test cartridge portion of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIGS. 3-4 are schematic diagrams illustrating the status of the acquisition experiment performed in accordance with the present invention;
FIGS. 5-6 are schematic diagrams showing the state of the invention in which the pressure test is performed.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Example 1
The simulation method for the star soil low-gravity experiment is characterized by comprising a test bin, a sample tank, a simulated star soil, a test unit and a measurement and control unit, wherein the test bin provides a sealed environment for the test; the sample tank is fixed at the bottom of the test bin, the simulated star soil is placed in the sample tank, the test bin is filled with buoyancy gas, and the test unit is arranged in the test bin and is used for carrying out a test corresponding to the simulated star soil; the measurement and control unit is arranged outside the test bin to monitor the air pressure of the test bin and control the air pressure in the test bin.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the buoyancy gas is filled in the test bin, and the buoyancy in the bin is obtained by adopting a high specific gravity gas or pressurizing mode, so that the low gravity state with different requirements is realized.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the buoyancy coefficient is accurately adjusted by adjusting the pressure concentration of the buoyancy gas, so that different low-gravity simulation states are realized.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the buoyancy gas is transparent gas which does not generate phase change under the high-pressure environment with high specific gravity and 1-5 MPa; the buoyancy gas is SF 6 Or xenon.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the morphological characteristics and mechanical properties of the simulated star soil are the same as those of the star soil, and a light weight design is adopted to further offset the gravity.
Specifically, the particle structure of the simulated star soil 20 is similar to that of the star soil in appearance and hardness, an irregular polyhedron can be selected, the outer surface is coated with a coating, the outer contour of the coating can be 3-10 mm, and the strength is more than 10MPa.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1-2, the invention relates to a star soil low gravity experimental simulation device, and referring to the experimental simulation method, the device comprises: the device comprises a test bin 1, a sample tank 2, a measurement and control unit 3 and a test unit 4;
the test bin 1 is provided with an air charging hole and a vacuum pumping hole which are used for connecting external air charging equipment;
the sample tank 2 is arranged at the bottom of the test bin 1; the device is used for containing simulated star soil 20;
the monitoring component of the measurement and control unit 3 is arranged in the test cabin 1, and the other control components are arranged outside the test cabin 1; the device is used for collecting experimental data and environmental data in the experimental bin 1;
the test unit 4 is arranged in the test bin and is used for carrying out various data experiments;
the external inflation equipment comprises an air pump 5 and an air tank 6 filled with experimental gas, an air extraction opening of the air pump 5 is communicated with the air tank 6, experimental gas can be flushed into the experimental bin through an air outlet communicated with the air filling hole, the air pressure in the experimental bin 1 is adjusted, buoyancy is provided for the simulated star soil and the experimental device, dead weight is partially offset, and partial low gravity equivalent is realized.
Specifically, the experimental bin 1 comprises an experimental bin body 11 and a bin cover 12, wherein an inflation hole communicated with the experimental bin body 11 is formed in the bin cover, and the bin cover 12 is movably connected to the top opening position of the experimental bin body 11;
the sample tank 2 is arranged at the bottom of the experiment bin body 11 and is filled with simulated star soil 20; the monitoring component of the measurement and control unit 3 is arranged on the inner wall of the experiment bin body 11, and can adjust the air pressure in the experiment bin through the air charging hole, so as to adjust the experiment environment.
Specifically, the experiment bin body 11 can be made of transparent materials, so that the running state of the experiment can be observed conveniently.
Specifically, when the experimental bin 11 is made of opaque materials, an observation window is needed on the bin wall so as to monitor the experimental state.
Specifically, the bottom of the experiment bin body 11 is provided with supporting feet.
Specifically, the experimental bin body 11 is connected with the bin cover 12 through bolt fastening, and a sealing part is arranged at the intersection.
In order to further optimize the above, the monitoring components can be a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a camera and the like, and other monitoring components can be additionally installed if other data are required to be detected; the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the camera are respectively and electrically connected with the control part of the measurement and control unit 3 to monitor and transmit data.
By adopting the scheme, the temperature, the pressure and the video information in the experimental bin body can be conveniently monitored, and the accuracy of experimental data is ensured.
To further optimize the above, the experimental gas is inert gas 7.
Specifically, the simulated star soil 20 should ensure that its morphological characteristics, mechanical characteristic strength, surface rigidity, etc. are the same as those of the star soil, but the weight is reduced, and gravity is further offset by a lightweight design; does not break under high pressure and is not breathable.
Specifically, SF under normal pressure 6 The gas density is 6.0886 multiplied by 10 -3 g/cm 3 Xenon density of 5.89×10 -3 g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the To further increase buoyancy, the conventional gas may also contain SF 6 The xenon is pressurized to 1-5 MPa to realize large buoyancy in the cabin, and the pressure is 5MPaUnder the condition of SF 6 The gas density was 0.3g/cm 3 Under the condition of the density, the density of the simulated star soil 20 reaches 0.3g/cm 3 The floating can be realized.
Specifically, the device can perform various tests related to the star soil, the corresponding test unit 4 is selected and installed according to the test type, the bearing capacity of the star soil 20 can be simulated to perform a bearing test, the driving force of the wheels on the surface of the star soil can be measured to perform a shearing test, and surface mining and digging tests, deep mining and drilling tests and the like can be performed.
Referring to fig. 3-4, taking a sampling experiment as an example, the test process of the device under the condition of 5MPa is carried out, and the test unit 4 is a sampling test unit. After the pressure-bearing test unit is installed in the test cabin 11, the test cabin 11 is closed, and the cabin cover 12 is fastened by a screw and sealed; opening a vacuumizing hole, connecting the vacuumizing hole with an air pump, vacuumizing the test bin 11, discharging all air, pumping experimental gas of the air tank by the air pump, filling the experimental gas into the air filling hole to a pressure state of 5MPa, closing the air filling hole and the vacuumizing hole, and starting a test;
the sampling test unit firstly controls the sampling head to simulate the surface of the star soil, then controls the grabbing component of the sampling head to move, after the grabbing component finishes one-time movement, controls the sampling head to return to the initial position, finishes the sampling test and records the sampling data, and can repeatedly perform the sampling test and return a plurality of groups of sampling data.
Referring to fig. 5-6, taking a pressure test as an example, the device is tested under normal pressure, the test unit 4 is a pressure test unit, after the pressure test unit is installed in the test chamber 11, the test chamber 11 is closed, and the chamber cover 12 is fastened by a screw and sealed; opening a vacuumizing hole, connecting the vacuumizing hole with an air pump, vacuumizing the test bin 11, discharging all air, pumping experimental gas of the air tank by the air pump, filling the experimental gas into the air filling hole to a normal pressure state, closing the air filling hole and the vacuumizing hole, and starting a test;
the pressure test unit firstly controls the pressure plate to simulate the surface of star soil; then controlling the pressure plate to sink to a specified depth, and simultaneously returning the pressure value data of the pressure plate in real time by the pressure sensor; finally, controlling the pressure plate to return to the initial position, and completing the pressure test; the pressure-bearing test can be repeatedly carried out by changing the sinking depth of the pressure plate, and a plurality of groups of simulated star soil pressure-bearing data are returned.
Specifically, the principle of the technical scheme is as follows:
the principle of a gas buoyancy method is adopted, buoyancy is provided for simulated star soil in a closed space through a high specific gravity gas or pressurizing mode, and gravity dead weight of the earth is counteracted; the simulated star soil is designed in a lightweight way on the premise of ensuring the surface strength and rigidity, so that the purpose of gravity cancellation is further achieved; the gravity offset can be accurately controlled through the pressurizing strength to realize various low gravity states, the resistance and viscosity influence are greatly reduced relative to a water float method, the device is low in test cost, the low gravity state is stable and long in retention time, and stable and reliable test conditions can be provided for star soil mechanical property research and sampling scheme verification under a low gravity environment.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. The simulation method for the star soil low-gravity experiment is characterized by comprising a test bin, a sample tank, a simulated star soil, a test unit and a measurement and control unit, wherein the test bin provides a sealed environment for the test; the sample tank is fixed at the bottom of the test bin, the simulated star soil is placed in the sample tank, the test bin is filled with buoyancy gas, the buoyancy gas is filled in the test bin by adopting a large specific gravity gas or pressurizing mode, and particularly, the buoyancy coefficient is accurately regulated by regulating the pressure concentration of the buoyancy gas, so that different low-gravity simulation states are realized; the pressure to be born by the test bin is more than 5MPa; the particles of the simulated star soil are irregular polyhedrons, the outer surface of the particles is coated with a coating, the outer contour of the particles is 3-10 mm, and the strength of the particles is more than 10MPa; the test unit is arranged in the test bin and is used for carrying out a test on the corresponding simulated star soil; the measurement and control unit is arranged outside the test bin to monitor the air pressure of the test bin and control the air pressure in the test bin.
2. The method for simulating low-gravity experimental satellite soil according to claim 1, wherein the buoyancy gas is transparent gas which does not generate phase change in a high-pressure environment with high specific gravity and high pressure of 1-5 MPa.
3. The method for simulating low gravity test of star soil according to claim 2, wherein the simulated star soil has the same morphological characteristics and mechanical properties as the star soil, and a light weight design is adopted to further counteract gravity.
4. A star soil low gravity experiment simulation device applied to the star soil low gravity experiment simulation method of claim 1, comprising: the device comprises a test bin (1), a sample tank (2), simulated star soil (20), a test unit (4) and a measurement and control unit (3), wherein the test bin (1) is an openable closed container, and an inflation hole for connecting external inflation equipment is formed in the test bin; the sample groove (2) is arranged at the bottom of the test bin (1); the simulated star soil (20) is placed in the sample tank (2), and the test unit (4) is installed in the test bin (1); the monitoring component of the measurement and control unit (3) is arranged in the test bin (1), and the control part of the monitoring component is arranged outside the test bin (1).
5. The star soil low gravity experiment simulation device according to claim 4, wherein the experiment bin (1) is made of transparent materials or an observation window is formed in the experiment bin (1).
6. The star soil low gravity experimental simulation device according to claim 5, wherein the monitoring component of the measurement and control unit comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a camera; the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the camera are respectively and electrically connected with the control part of the measurement and control unit (3) to monitor and transmit data.
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