CN114062028B - Soil sample sampler - Google Patents

Soil sample sampler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114062028B
CN114062028B CN202111596002.8A CN202111596002A CN114062028B CN 114062028 B CN114062028 B CN 114062028B CN 202111596002 A CN202111596002 A CN 202111596002A CN 114062028 B CN114062028 B CN 114062028B
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unit pipe
soil
soil sample
unit
groove
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CN114062028A (en
Inventor
李婷
李歆韵
张世熔
王贵胤
徐小逊
蒲玉琳
贾永霞
李云
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Sichuan Agricultural University
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Sichuan Agricultural University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/04Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
    • G01N1/08Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil sample sampler, which comprises a second unit pipe and at least one first unit pipe, wherein the lower end of the second unit pipe is an insertion part capable of being inserted into soil; the first unit pipe and the second unit pipe are connected in series through a connecting hoop. The soil sample sampler can obtain columnar segmented soil samples, can obtain completely pollution-free soil samples, avoids the problem of sample pollution existing in the sampling of the existing soil sample sampler, can not damage the structure of the soil samples due to road jolt and the like in the transportation process, can not mix surface soil with core soil, ensures that the core soil is pollution-free all the time, and is beneficial to the analysis and determination of the soil samples.

Description

Soil sample sampler
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of soil sampling equipment, and relates to a soil sample sampling device.
Background
Soil sample collection is the taking of a representative portion of soil from outside the chamber, through appropriate treatment, to prepare an analytical sample for qualitative or quantitative analysis of soil composition and/or physical and chemical properties, such as: soil mineral content determination, determination of soil active silicon, aluminum, iron and manganese content, determination of soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium content, determination of soil available nutrient content, determination of soil trace element content and availability trace element content, determination of soil organic matter content, determination of soil pH value, soil cation exchange capacity, composition of soil exchange salt groups and the like.
The collection of soil samples must take a representative average sample correctly, otherwise even if the analysis process is no longer accurate, it may even lead to erroneous conclusions, with unnecessary losses to production or scientific research.
In the process of implementing the present invention, the inventor finds that at least one of the following technical problems exists in the prior art:
1. soil samples are easily contaminated during sampling;
2. the profile sampling is difficult to ensure that the soil with different layers is not polluted;
3. soil samples are easily contaminated during sample transport;
4. the soil heavy metal sampling is different from the general soil sample sampling, and the introduction of additional heavy metal elements in the sampling process should be avoided; 5. the section is gathered the time and energy consuming of soil sample, and intensity of labour is very big.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, a primary object of the present invention is to provide a soil sample sampler in which a soil sample is not easily contaminated.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a soil sample sampler that increases ease of sampling.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a soil sample collector that can be carried back to a laboratory with the soil as it is.
The inventor continuously reforms and innovates through long-term exploration and trial and repeated experiments and efforts, and in order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is that the soil sample sampler comprises a second unit pipe and at least one first unit pipe, wherein the lower end of the second unit pipe is an insertion part capable of being inserted into soil; the first unit pipe and the second unit pipe are connected in series through a connecting hoop.
According to one embodiment of the soil sample sampler of the invention, both ends of the first unit pipe are provided with a first convex ring and a first annular groove, and the upper end of the second unit pipe is provided with a second convex ring and a second annular groove; the connecting hoop is provided with a third annular groove; the first convex ring and the second convex ring are detachably clamped in the third annular groove.
According to one embodiment of the soil sample sampler, a plurality of first unit pipes are connected in series through connecting hoops, and adjacent first convex rings of two adjacent first unit pipes are detachably clamped in the third annular groove.
According to one embodiment of the soil sample sampler, the first convex ring is provided with a first groove at the outer edge, the second convex ring is provided with a second groove at the outer edge, the third annular groove is internally provided with convex teeth, and the convex teeth are clamped with the first groove and the second groove.
According to one embodiment of the soil sample sampler of the present invention, the insertion portion is a bottom ring having an outer diameter smaller than that of the second unit pipe; the inner diameters of the first unit pipe and the second unit pipe are equal, and the outer diameters of the connecting hoop, the first unit pipe and the second unit pipe are equal; the first unit pipe is formed by assembling two first unit half pipes.
According to one embodiment of the soil sample sampler of the present invention, the soil sample sampler further comprises a drill rod, wherein the drill rod is connected with the first unit pipe in series through a connecting hoop.
According to one embodiment of the soil sample sampler of the present invention, the soil sample sampler further comprises a control rod plate, wherein the control rod plate is connected with the top end of the drill rod.
According to one embodiment of the soil sample sampler, the soil sample sampler further comprises a percussion drill, wherein a power input end of the percussion drill is connected with a connecting rod, the connecting rod is connected with a control rod board, and the connecting rod is arranged on the same axis as the first unit pipe; the shell of the impact drill is provided with a handle.
According to one embodiment of the soil sample sampler of the invention, the soil sample sampler further comprises a plurality of detachable covers, wherein the covers are detachably covered at two ends of the first unit pipe; the cover body is detachably covered at two ends of the second unit pipe.
According to one embodiment of the soil sample sampler of the invention, a cover ring and a cover groove are arranged on the inner side of the cover wall of the cover body, and the first convex ring or the second convex ring is clamped with the cover groove; the cover ring is clamped with the first annular groove or the second annular groove.
Compared with the prior art, one of the technical schemes has the following advantages:
a) The soil sample sampler can obtain columnar segmented soil samples, can obtain completely pollution-free soil samples, and avoids the problem of sample pollution existing in the sampling of the existing soil sample sampler.
b) In one embodiment of the soil sample sampler of the present invention, the obtained soil sample may be used to observe the soil structure first, and then the soil sample may be brought back to laboratory analysis for measurement.
c) In one embodiment of the soil sample sampler, the segmented soil sample is completely filled in the soil sample storage box, so that the soil sample structure is not damaged due to road jolt in the transportation process, the surface soil and the core soil are not mixed, and the core soil is ensured to be free of pollution all the time.
d) In one embodiment of the soil sample sampler of the invention, the sampling is easier, the sampling efficiency is high,
drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a soil sample sampler according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a first unit pipe in a soil sample collector according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a first unit half-pipe of a soil sample collector according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a front view of a second unit pipe in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the soil sample collector of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a connecting collar of a soil sample collector according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cover of a soil sample probe according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a soil sample storage box according to the present invention.
The marks in the figure are respectively:
a drill pipe of 100 parts in diameter,
110 a first one of the unit pipes,
1101 a first half of the tube of the unit,
a first collar (111) is provided which has a first collar,
112 a first recess is provided in the first recess,
113 a first ring groove of the first ring,
120 a second unit pipe of the first unit,
121 a second convex ring, the second convex ring,
122 a second recess is provided in the first recess,
123 a second ring groove, the second ring groove,
124 a bottom ring,
130 the connection collar,
a first connection portion 131 of the first connector,
132 a second connection portion of the first connector,
133 a third ring groove, the third ring groove,
134 of the male teeth,
200 the control rod plate is arranged on the upper surface of the base plate,
300 a percussion drill,
the handle is at 310. In this embodiment,
320 a connecting rod,
a 400-degree cover body, wherein the cover body is provided with a plurality of grooves,
a 401 cover ring is provided with a plurality of holes,
402 cover the slot.
Detailed Description
The following description is of one embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it may not be further defined and explained in the following figures.
See fig. 1. The soil sample sampler described in this embodiment is specifically a tubular soil sample sampler with the simplest structure, and includes a second unit pipe 120 and at least one first unit pipe 110, where the lower end of the second unit pipe 120 is an insertion part capable of being inserted into soil; the first unit pipe 110 and the second unit pipe 120 are connected in series through a connecting hoop 130 to form a tubular soil sample sampler. The inner diameters of the first unit pipe 110 and the second unit pipe 120 are equal, and the outer diameters of the connecting hoop 130, the first unit pipe 110 and the second unit pipe 120 are equal, that is, the inner wall and the outer wall of the tubular soil sample sampler are ensured to be smooth surfaces, the surface resistance of the tubular soil sample sampler is reduced, and the tubular soil sample sampler is more convenient to be inserted into soil.
The length of the tubular soil sample collector is mainly determined by the number of the tube sections of the first unit tube 110, and the length of the tubular soil sample collector can be specifically set according to the requirement of the sampling depth. Meanwhile, the first unit pipe 110 also provides a function of a scale, i.e., according to the number of the first unit pipes 110 inserted into the soil layer, the depth of the tubular soil sample sampler inserted into the soil can be calculated, and of course, the height of the second unit pipe 120 cannot be ignored in the calculation. For example, the heights of the first unit pipe 110 and the second unit pipe 120 are set to be 10cm, the total length of the tubular soil sample sampler formed by connecting one section of the second unit pipe 120 and five sections of the first unit pipes 110 in series is 60cm, and the second unit pipe 120 is positioned at the lower part of the tubular soil sample sampler.
At the time of sampling, the depth of sampling of the soil sample may be determined according to the number of the first unit pipes 110 where the aerial parts are exposed or the number of the first unit pipes inserted into the soil. After the soil sample is obtained, the tubular soil sample sampler is pulled out with the soil sample, the connecting hoop 130 is disassembled, the first unit pipe 110 and the second unit pipe 120 are separated, the soil sample is disconnected at the joint of the first unit pipe 110 and the joint of the first unit pipe 110 and the second unit pipe 120, and the soil sample in the first unit pipe 110 and the second unit pipe 120 can be directly brought back to a laboratory for carrying out soil analysis work.
The obtained soil column is contacted with the unit pipe wall, and partial soil layer cross contamination exists, mainly substances in upper soil are brought into lower soil, but the contamination can be completely avoided in analysis operation work. In particular, the position of the soil sample in the first unit pipe 110, the second unit pipe 120 is fixed, and the soil of the soil cylinder surface (particularly, the side) is not mixed with the soil of the cylinder core. The soil quantity in the middle part or the core part of the soil sample column body can completely meet the requirement of the sample quantity of soil analysis.
On the other hand, the heights of the plurality of first unit pipes 110 may be the same or different. For example, the height specifications of the plurality of first unit pipes 110 may be 5cm, 6cm, 7cm, 8cm, 9cm, 10cm, and other desired heights, and the corresponding first unit pipes 110 specifications and the corresponding installation order are selected according to the layer thickness of the soil profile so as to obtain the profile soil sample of each layer as much as possible. One method of sampling the profile soil sample is to dig a pit 1.5-2 meters long, 1 meter wide and about 1-2 meters deep, the specific depth being dependent on the site. One end of the cross-sectional pit is required to be sunk, and the cross-sectional pit is required to be vertically flattened to be used as a viewing surface. By observation, the color, texture, structure, compactness, root system distribution and other changes of the section can be clearly seen, the development process of the soil is deduced by referring to environmental factors, and the occurrence layers, such as a dead branch defoliation layer, a humus accumulation layer, a sediment layer, a matrix layer and the like, are specifically divided, and the depth of each layer (in centimeters) is measured by using a steel tape. By the aid of the treatment mode, it is difficult to ensure that soil with different layers is not polluted, and particularly when heavy metal soil samples are collected, exogenous heavy metal elements cannot be added into the soil samples due to sampling, so that accuracy and authenticity of analysis results are not affected. At a position close to the observation surface, sampling was performed by the soil sample sampler of this example, and the soil sample was taken from the soil surface downward.
Of course, in order to more easily observe the soil profile structure, the present invention also provides a further embodiment.
On the basis of the previous embodiments, in particular with reference to fig. 1 to 3, the first unit pipe 110 is composed of two first unit half pipes 1101 assembled. After the soil sample is obtained, the tubular soil sample sampler is horizontally placed on a plane, and the two first unit half pipes 1101, one located below and one located above, are detached from the connecting hoop 130, and the first unit half pipes 1101 located above are removed, so that the soil sample with a layered structure is completely displayed, and the characteristics of the soil sample can be conveniently observed. After the observation is completed, the removed first half-cell 1101 is returned to the laboratory for further analysis in accordance with the sample carrying method of the present invention. Compared with the existing section sample sampling method, the method is more time-saving and labor-saving, and can observe the soil characteristics without affecting the original state of the soil column core soil.
The sample carrying mode is a soil sample in-situ carrying mode, namely the soil sample is carried to a laboratory for analysis and determination in sections under the condition of not damaging the structure of the soil sample.
Specifically, see fig. 2 to 4 and fig. 6 to 7. The embodiment provides a soil sample carrying structure, namely a soil sample preservation box based on a first unit pipe 110, and further two covers are covered at two ends of the first unit pipe 110 to form a soil sample preservation box. After the soil sample is sampled, the connecting hoop 130 is disassembled, the soil sample column is segmented, and the clean and pollution-free cover body 400 is covered on the two ends of the first unit pipe 110, so that the segmented soil sample is stored in a closed space, and the cross contamination of the sample in the sample transferring process is avoided. Meanwhile, the segmented soil sample is completely filled in the soil sample storage box, so that the soil sample structure is not damaged due to jolt of the road surface in the transferring process, the surface soil and the core soil are not mixed, and the core soil is ensured to be pollution-free all the time.
Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a specific structure of the first unit pipe 110. Both ends of the first unit pipe 110 are provided with a first convex ring 111 and a first annular groove 113. In a further embodiment, the outer edge of the first convex ring 111 is provided with a first groove 112.
Referring to fig. 4, the present embodiment provides a specific structure of the second unit pipe 120. The second unit pipe 120 is provided at an upper end thereof with a second convex ring 121 and a second ring groove 123. In a further embodiment, the outer edge of the second convex ring 121 is provided with a second groove 122.
Referring to fig. 5, the present embodiment provides a specific structure of the connecting band 130. The connecting band 130 is provided with a third ring groove 133. In a further embodiment, the third ring groove 133 is provided with a tooth 134. The connecting hoop 130 is further provided with a first connecting portion 131 and a second connecting portion 132, and the first connecting portion 131 and the second connecting portion 132 may be connected by a male-female buckle, and of course, may be connected by any connecting manner in the prior art, so that the connecting hoop 130 forms a stable hoop in structure in use.
When in installation, the first convex ring 111 and the second convex ring 121 are detachably clamped in the third annular groove 133. When the number of the first unit pipes 110 is plural, the adjacent first convex rings 111 of two adjacent first unit pipes 110 are detachably clamped in the third annular groove 133 through the serial connection of the connecting hoops 130; the teeth 134 are engaged with the first and second grooves 112, 122. The design of the convex teeth 134, the first groove 112 and the second groove 122 prevents the unit pipe from rotating, and ensures the structural stability of the combined pipeline.
The insertion part is a bottom ring 124, and the outer diameter of the bottom ring 124 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second unit pipe 120; the inner diameters of the first unit pipe 110 and the second unit pipe 120 are equal, and the outer diameters of the connecting hoop 130, the first unit pipe 110 and the second unit pipe 120 are equal; the inner surface and the outer surface of the tubular soil sample sampler are smooth, and the soil sample sampler is more beneficial to being inserted into soil layers.
Based on the foregoing specific structure of the first unit pipe 110, this embodiment provides a specific cover structure, referring to fig. 6, a cover ring 401 and a cover groove 402 are disposed on the inner side of the cover wall of the cover body 400, and the first convex ring 111 or the second convex ring 121 is engaged with the cover groove 402; the cover ring 401 is engaged with the first ring groove 113 or the second ring groove 123. The cover body 400 is made of a material having a certain elasticity, ensures that the cover body can be firmly covered at both ends of the first unit pipe 110 or both ends of the second unit pipe 120, and can be removed.
In order to facilitate the insertion and extraction of the soil sample probe into the soil, in a further embodiment, a specific structure is provided, in particular, referring to fig. 1, the soil sample probe further comprises a drill rod 100, said drill rod 100 being coupled in series with said first unit pipe 110 by means of a coupling collar 130. The bottom end of the drill rod 100 has a structure coupled to the coupling band 130, which is identical to the coupling structure of the first unit pipe 110 and the coupling band 130. Further, the soil sample sampler further comprises a control rod board 200, and the control rod board 200 is connected with the top end of the drill rod 100. The lever plate 200 may be used as a pedal for a person to pedal or place a weight, etc. The control lever board 200 is provided with a holding part, so that the soil sample sampler can be lifted upwards conveniently, and the soil sample sampler can be pulled out.
For saving more effort, in a further embodiment, the soil sample sampler further comprises a percussion drill 300, wherein a power input end of the percussion drill 300 is connected with a connecting rod 320, the connecting rod 320 is connected with a control rod board 200, and the connecting rod 320 is arranged coaxially with the first unit pipe 110; the housing of the hammer drill 300 is provided with a handle 310. The impact drill 300 may be lithium-ion powered or diesel powered to be suitable for use in field operations. The connecting rod 320 is detachably connected with the control rod board 200, so that the operation is more convenient when the sampling depth is higher, and meanwhile, the equipment is convenient to carry.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiment should not be construed as limiting the invention, and the scope of the invention should be defined by the appended claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. The soil sample sampler is characterized by comprising a drill rod, a second unit pipe and at least one first unit pipe, wherein the lower end of the second unit pipe is an insertion part capable of being inserted into soil; the drill rod is connected with the first unit pipe in series through a connecting hoop; the first unit pipe is connected with the second unit pipe through a connecting hoop string; the detachable cover bodies are detachably covered at two ends of the first unit pipe; the cover body is detachably covered at two ends of the second unit pipe;
the two ends of the first unit pipe are respectively provided with a first convex ring and a first annular groove, and the upper end of the second unit pipe is provided with a second convex ring and a second annular groove; the connecting hoop is provided with a third annular groove; the first convex ring and the second convex ring are detachably clamped in the third annular groove;
the plurality of first unit pipes are connected in series through connecting hoops, and adjacent first convex rings of two adjacent first unit pipes are detachably clamped in the third annular groove;
a cover ring and a cover groove are arranged on the inner side of the cover wall of the cover body, and the first convex ring or the second convex ring is clamped with the cover groove; the cover ring is clamped with the first annular groove or the second annular groove.
2. The soil sample sampler of claim 1, wherein the first convex ring outer edge is provided with a first groove, the second convex ring outer edge is provided with a second groove, and the third annular groove is internally provided with convex teeth, and the convex teeth are clamped with the first groove and the second groove.
3. The soil sample sampler of claim 1, wherein the insert is a bottom ring having an outer diameter smaller than an outer diameter of the second cell tube; the inner diameters of the first unit pipe and the second unit pipe are equal, and the outer diameters of the connecting hoop, the first unit pipe and the second unit pipe are equal; the first unit pipe is formed by assembling two first unit half pipes.
4. The soil sample sampler of claim 1, further comprising a lever plate connected to a top end of the drill pipe.
5. The soil sample sampler of claim 4, further comprising a percussion drill, wherein a power input end of the percussion drill is connected with a connecting rod, the connecting rod is connected with a lever control plate, and the connecting rod is arranged coaxially with the first unit pipe; the shell of the impact drill is provided with a handle.
CN202111596002.8A 2021-12-24 2021-12-24 Soil sample sampler Active CN114062028B (en)

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