CN1140611C - Electric dewatering and desalting appliance - Google Patents
Electric dewatering and desalting appliance Download PDFInfo
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- CN1140611C CN1140611C CNB001259113A CN00125911A CN1140611C CN 1140611 C CN1140611 C CN 1140611C CN B001259113 A CNB001259113 A CN B001259113A CN 00125911 A CN00125911 A CN 00125911A CN 1140611 C CN1140611 C CN 1140611C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an electric dewatering desalter. Electrode assemblies of the electric dewatering desalter is composed of at least two layers of electrodes of which the transversal profiles present circular ring shapes so as to form a plurality of annular electric fields. The space between the two adjacent electrodes can be gradually increased from the top to the bottom so as to gradually weaken the electric field intensity of the annular electric fields from the top to the bottom. The present invention can increase the space of effective electric fields in a tank, and the distribution of the electric field intensity can meet requirements of each area in the tank for the variation of the electric field intensity. Compared with the existing electric dewatering desalter, the present invention has the characteristics of large treating capacity and high separation efficiency, and the present invention can be provided with one or a plurality of the electrode assemblies along an axial direction of the tank body.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of electro-dewatering demineralizer that is used for moisture oil plant dewatering and desalting.
Crude oil need carry out pre-treatment to remove its contained Yan Heshui in refinery's first being processed.Salt major part in the crude oil is dissolved in the contained water, so desalination and dehydration are carried out simultaneously.For a long time, the electro-dewatering demineralizer of oil field and refinery use both at home and abroad mainly contains two types.A kind of is to adopt the horizontal type level electrode, and another kind is to adopt horizontal vertical hanging electrode.In the electro-dewatering demineralizer of these two kinds of forms, the mixture of oil and water all is to enter from the tank body bottom, and top is fuel-displaced, the bottom draining, mixes with fry dried food ingredients is living in water droplet decline process, influences separation efficiency.U.S. Pat 4209374 discloses a kind of electro-dewatering demineralizer, it is characterized in that the profit sparger between electrode, and uses the pump pump circulation, has avoided the retardation of material to the water droplet of decline; But its shortcoming is that the effective electric field space is less.
Chinese patent ZL93216713.6 (Granted publication CN 2159833Y) discloses a kind of static water-and-oil separator, it is characterized in that electrode is the compound electrode that straight tube, cone and hollow cylinder constitute, electrode centers is concentric with tank body, electric field is uniform distribution on the tank body cross section, and center and the equal ground connection of tank body.Though this structure has improved separation efficiency, because of its electrode is an individual layer, be not suitable for large diameter electro-dewatering demineralizer, treatment capacity is restricted, and electric field uniform distribution on the cross section, and is reasonable inadequately; Top oil plant water content is little because jar bottom oil plant water content is big, so tank body top should be selected highfield for use, the bottom should be selected weak electric field for use.
The object of the present invention is to provide big, jar high electro-dewatering demineralizer of internal electric field utilization ratio in a kind of effective electric field space.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of electro-dewatering demineralizer, comprise tank body and be located at its interior electrode assembly, tank body is provided with inlet tube, sparger, Shui Bao, outlet pipe, high voltage electric introducing device, electrode assembly supports and hangs with insulation and is fixed on the tank body, it is characterized in that: electrode assembly is made up of the electrode that at least 2 layers of transverse section are annular, forms annular space between the adjacent two layers electrode.
Further, in the electrode assembly spacing between the adjacent two layers electrode from the top to the bottom gradually by little increase.
Adopt electro-dewatering demineralizer of the present invention, has following beneficial effect: because electrode assembly is that the electrode of annular is formed by at least 2 layers of cross section, so can form the multi-layer annular electric field, can occupy a jar interior space to greatest extent, the space of effective electric field is increased, and can eliminate the electric field dead angle, jar internal electric field utilization ratio is improved.
When the spacing between adjacent two layers of electrode is increased to the bottom gradually by the top in the electrode assembly, after electrode assembly adds high voltage electric, the strength of electric field of formed ring electric field is weakened to the bottom gradually by the top, being distributed as of strength of electric field " strong up and weak down " on cross section.Oil plant water content small upper zone strength of electric field is big in tank body, and the lower region strength of electric field that the oil plant water content is bigger is less, so electric-field intensity distribution is reasonable.In addition, because the strength of electric field of ring electric field is weakened to the bottom gradually by the top, reduced electric current, thereby can save power consumption.
The present invention, the oil-water mixture material is horizontal flow in the electro-dewatering demineralizer, and the water droplet that descends in the ring electric field is the horizontal parabola track along the oil plant flow direction and descends, and has alleviated the back-mixing effect between oil plant and the decline water droplet.
In sum, the treatment capacity of electro-dewatering demineralizer of the present invention and separation efficiency are improved; Treatment capacity and separation efficiency can improve 30～60% than existing apparatus.
In a certain operating process, handle the crude oil of moisture 30% (weight), saliferous 1400 mg/litre, 75 ℃ of service temperatures with apparatus of the present invention.Water content in crude oil behind the dewatering and desalting is reduced to 0.25% (weight), and saltiness is reduced to 2.5 mg/litre.Can replace existing three grades of electric desalting apparatus with single-stage electric desalting apparatus of the present invention; Under the identical situation of tank volume, treatment capacity can improve 55% than existing apparatus simultaneously.
The present invention is applicable to desalination, the dehydration of crude oil, processed oil and artificial petroleum; Can be used for crude oil upgrading, also can be used for oil purification.
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is an electro-dewatering demineralizer of the present invention cross-sectional view vertically.
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view (amplification) of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of mouse cage shape structure electrode.
The synoptic diagram that Fig. 4 is connected in the tank ground mode for electrode assembly and high voltage power supply device.
The synoptic diagram that Fig. 5 is connected in the earth-free mode of tank body for electrode assembly and high voltage power supply device.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the electro-dewatering demineralizer of three electrode assemblies of employing.
Electro-dewatering demineralizer of the present invention illustrated in figures 1 and 2 mainly comprises tank body 1 and is located at its interior electrode assembly 4.Tank body 1 is provided with inlet tube 2, sparger 3, water bag 6, outlet pipe 7, high voltage electric introducing device 5.Sparger 3 is positioned at the inlet end of oil-water mixture material, is one to have the steel plate of square hole or circular hole.Electrode assembly 4 is combined from inside to outside by the first layer electrode 401, second layer electrode 402 and the triple electrode 403 that the transverse section is annular, supports and hang 8 being fixed on the inwall of tank body 1 with insulation; Insulation is supported and is hung 8 and adopts teflon rod or ceramic rod.Ring electrode subassembly 4 is installed between the top of water-oil interface 9 and tank body 1, and the axial line of each layer electrode all is positioned on the tank body axial line, can be more clearly visible this point by the relative position and the scheme of installation of Fig. 2 electrode assembly and each layer electrode thereof.Each layer electrode generally adopts mouse cage shape structure, forms (as shown in Figure 3) by supporting cup and steel pipe, and oil and water can be through space unrestricted flows.The first layer electrode 401 hour also can adopt round steel (steel pipe or rod iron) in scantlings of the structure.
In the triple electrode, the spacing between the adjacent two layers electrode increases from the top to the bottom gradually arbitrarily.For example the first layer electrode 401 and the spacing minimum of second layer electrode 402 at the top increase gradually along the annular space between the two-layer electrode then, reach maximum to the bottom spacing.The variation of the spacing between second layer electrode 402 and the triple electrode 403 identical with it (referring to Fig. 2).
Because each layer electrode adopts above-mentioned decoration form, after electrode assembly 4 fed high voltage electric, the electric-field intensity distribution of the ring electric field that forms between the adjacent two layers electrode was uneven.Strength of electric field reduces with the increase of interelectrode distance.Two-layer top of electrodes spacing minimum, therefore strength of electric field maximum herein; Bottom spacing maximum, strength of electric field minimum herein.The strength of electric field of the formed ring electric field of adjacent two layers electrode is reduced to the minimum value of bottom gradually through annular region by the maximum value at top.According to the strength of electric field of desired top of different technology conditions and bottom, electrode bottom spacing can be chosen as 1.1～10 times of top spacing.Like this, the strength of electric field at each ring electric field top will be 1.1～10 times of bottom electrical intensity of field.Should choose suitable numerical value according to concrete operation; Generally, comparatively Chang Yong top strength of electric field is 400～1000 volts/centimetre, and the bottom electrical intensity of field is 200～400 volts/centimetre.
The dual mode that is connected with of electrode assembly 4 and high voltage power supply device.First kind is the tank ground mode, as shown in Figure 4.The equal ground connection of output terminal of tank body 1 and second layer electrode 402 and high voltage power supply device; The first layer electrode 401 links to each other with another output terminal of high voltage power supply device by high voltage electric introducing device 5 with triple electrode 403.By introducing high voltage electric and zero line, between the adjacent two layers electrode, form ring electric field.Used high voltage power supply device has an output terminal (the other end ground connection).Second kind is the earth-free mode of connection of tank body, as shown in Figure 5.Used high voltage power supply device has two output terminals.The first layer electrode 401 links to each other with an output terminal of high voltage power supply device by a high voltage electric introducing device 5 with triple electrode 403, and second layer electrode 402 links to each other with another output terminal of high voltage power supply device by another high voltage electric introducing device 5.By introduce the high voltage electric of out of phase at each layer electrode, make between the adjacent two layers electrode and form ring electric field.The earth-free mode of connection of tank body is mainly used in marine dehydrating of crude oil desalination, for example is used for marine pontoon.But when being used for marine pontoon, a jar end, will add weather board in addition.More than two kinds of described high voltage power supply devices of mode of connection can be high-tension transformer; Its input terminus input voltage is 380 volts a alternating-current, and the output terminal output voltage is 13 to 42 kilovolts a alternating-current.
The operational circumstances of present embodiment is such: the oil-water mixture material enters tank body 1 by inlet tube 2, enters electrode assembly 4 through sparger 3, dewatering and desalting in the ring electric field of electrode assembly 4.In ring electric field, the oil-water mixture material from inlet end to the exit end horizontal flow; The water droplet that descends is the horizontal parabola track along the oil plant flow direction and descends, and through the space of each layer electrode, is deposited in the bottom and water bag 6 of tank body 1, is discharged by water bag 6 again.Oil plant behind the dewatering and desalting is extracted out via outlet pipe 7.
Owing to may contain solid impurity in the oil plant, therefore can below the bottom of tank body 1, electrode assembly 4, water flushing device be set, the flushing of not stopping work aperiodically rinses out the settling of tank body 1 bottom.This is that prior art is used always.The quantity of water bag 6 and position determine to have one or more according to the oil plant water content.The greatly then water bags, the little water bag of then establishing less of water content established of oil plant water content more.
More than be that the invention has been described for example with the electrode assembly of triple electrode.The present invention, according to the tank diameter difference, electrode assembly 4 can be established 2 layers, 3 layers, 4 layers or 5 layers of electrode.Can establish 2 layers of electrode as tank diameter less than 1.8 meters, tank diameter can be established 5 layers of electrode greater than 5 meters.When 2 layers, 4 layers or 5 layers of electrode were set, the situation about being connected with the electrode assembly of above-mentioned triple electrode of the layout of electrode assembly 4 and each layer electrode and high voltage power supply device was roughly the same.
The present invention, can along tank body 1 axially arrange a plurality of electrode assemblies by inlet end to exit end, its quantity is mainly determined according to the length of tank body 1.When oil plant water content and saltiness require than higher than higher, dehydration rate and ratio of desalinization, or unit capacity is bigger, and under the tank body internal electric field intensity situation that needs to increase vertically, can arrange a plurality of electrode assemblies.Electrode assembly is general arranges 1,2 or 3; As shown in Figure 6,3 electrode assemblies 4 have been arranged.
Arrange a plurality of electrode assemblies, the choosing of each electrode assembly strength of electric field should be taken into account the variation of each regional oil plant water content in the tank body 1.With Fig. 6 is that example is illustrated.Oil plant is from inlet tube 2 to outlet pipe 7, its water content reduces gradually, design so each electrode assembly should strengthen successively by the corresponding strength of electric field of ring electric field, promptly the maximum electric field intensity at one electrode assembly ring electric field top, back and the lowest electric field strength of bottom all are higher than last electrode assembly.Certainly, the strength of electric field of each electrode assembly remains and is reduced gradually by top to bottom; Strength of electric field on the arbitrary section remains that top is strong, a little less than the bottom.
For example, among Fig. 6, the strength of electric field at the first electrode assembly top on the left side is 400 volts/centimetre, and the bottom electrical intensity of field is 200 volts/centimetre; The intermediary second electrode assembly top strength of electric field is 600 volts/centimetre, and the bottom electrical intensity of field is 300 volts/centimetre; The third electrode subassembly top strength of electric field on the right side is 800 volts/centimetre, and the bottom electrical intensity of field is 400 volts/centimetre.The top strength of electric field of second, third electrode assembly and bottom electrical intensity of field all are higher than its last electrode assembly corresponding top strength of electric field and bottom electrical intensity of field separately.
Electrode diameter along axial each electrode assembly that is provided with of tank body can be different with spacing.Diameter by changing each each layer of electrode assembly annular electrode and the spacing between each layer electrode, and the output voltage of each electrode assembly high voltage power supply device, the corresponding strength of electric field of each electrode assembly ring electric field is strengthened successively, the strength of electric field that is suitable for the oil plant dewatering and desalting that obtains each regional different moisture content in the tank body.
Illustrate an actual mechanical process of the present invention below.
The present invention is used for one 20 * 10
5On the ton/year crude oil upgrading device.Tank diameter is 2000 millimeters, and length is 11750 millimeters, and wall thickness is 16 millimeters.Adopt the electrode assembly of two layers of electrode, the top of electrodes spacing is 350 millimeters, and the bottom spacing is 650 millimeters.Two-layer electrode is mouse cage shape structure.Outer electrode connects high voltage electric, internal layer electrode ground connection, tank skin ground connection.(2 hours) measure primary device running condition at set intervals, obtain 5 groups of data altogether.Every process parameter value and measuring result see Table 1.By table 1 as seen, water content in crude oil is reduced to below 0.3% (weight) behind the dewatering and desalting, and saltiness is reduced to below 3 mg/litre, and ratio of desalinization reaches more than 99%.
Table 1
*Data round.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
| Treatment capacity, ton/hour high voltage power supply device output voltage, the kilovolt service temperature, ℃ top strength of electric field *, volt/centimetre bottom electrical intensity of field *The preceding saliferous of volt/centimetre take off, mg/litre is taken off the back saliferous, the mg/litre ratio of desalinization, it is moisture before % takes off, it is moisture that % (weight) takes off the back, % (weight) | 21.49 22 86 630 340 1522 2.8 99.8 8.4 0.1 | 21.37 22 84 630 340 1551 2.5 99.8 12 0.3 | 21.69 22 88 630 340 1492 2.7 99.8 12 0.3 | 21.2 22 80 630 340 1620 2.9 99.8 12 0.2 | 21.3 22 86 630 340 1532 2.5 99.8 14 0.3 |
Claims (7)
1, a kind of electro-dewatering demineralizer, comprise tank body (1) and be located at its interior electrode assembly (4), tank body (1) is provided with inlet tube (2), sparger (3), water bag (6), outlet pipe (7), high voltage electric introducing device (5), electrode assembly (4) supports and hangs (8) with insulation and is fixed on the tank body (1), it is characterized in that: electrode assembly (4) is made up of the electrode that at least 2 layers of transverse section are annular, forms annular space between the adjacent two layers electrode.
2, electro-dewatering demineralizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the spacing between the adjacent two layers electrode from the top to the bottom gradually by little increase.
3, electro-dewatering demineralizer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: electrode assembly (4) is made up of 2,3,4 or 5 layers of electrode.
4, electro-dewatering demineralizer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the first layer electrode (401) is mouse cage shape structure or round steel, and all the other each layer electrodes are mouse cage shape structure.
5, electro-dewatering demineralizer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: axially be provided with 1,2 or 3 electrode assembly (4) by inlet end to exit end along tank body (1).
6, electro-dewatering demineralizer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: tank body (1) ground connection alternately links to each other and ground connection with high voltage electric introducing device (5) from the outermost layer electrode to the first layer electrode (401) in the electrode assembly (4).
7, electro-dewatering demineralizer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: any adjacent two layers electrode links to each other with two high voltage electric introducing devices (5) respectively in the electrode assembly (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001259113A CN1140611C (en) | 2000-08-18 | 2000-08-18 | Electric dewatering and desalting appliance |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001259113A CN1140611C (en) | 2000-08-18 | 2000-08-18 | Electric dewatering and desalting appliance |
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| CN1298922A CN1298922A (en) | 2001-06-13 |
| CN1140611C true CN1140611C (en) | 2004-03-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB001259113A Expired - Fee Related CN1140611C (en) | 2000-08-18 | 2000-08-18 | Electric dewatering and desalting appliance |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101991973B (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2012-06-27 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Sump oil dehydration device |
| CN101760232A (en) * | 2010-01-06 | 2010-06-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Dynamic electric desalting and dewatering test device and electric desalting and dewatering system |
| CN102373074B (en) * | 2010-08-21 | 2013-11-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Sump oil electric dehydration device |
| CN102373073B (en) * | 2010-08-21 | 2013-09-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Hydrocarbon oil electric dehydration apparatus |
| CN102585892B (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2014-07-30 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Crude oil electro-desalting dehydrator based on double-phase and single-phase rectifier power supply |
| CN102839013A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2012-12-26 | 莫比森(北京)石油天然气技术开发有限公司 | Electric dehydrater for crude oil |
| CN103447458A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-12-18 | 曲险峰 | Electric dehydration and deslagging method and device for investment casting pattern materials |
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| CN1298922A (en) | 2001-06-13 |
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Granted publication date: 20040303 Termination date: 20110818 |