CN114061173A - Energy cascade utilization system and method for multi-energy complementary distributed energy system - Google Patents
Energy cascade utilization system and method for multi-energy complementary distributed energy system Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 250
- IPLONMMJNGTUAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;bromide;hydrate Chemical group [Li+].O.[Br-] IPLONMMJNGTUAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 93
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
- F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/04—Other domestic- or space-heating systems using heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
- Y02B30/625—Absorption based systems combined with heat or power generation [CHP], e.g. trigeneration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-energy complementary distributed energy system energy cascade utilization system and a method, wherein the system comprises an internal combustion engine set, a Stirling engine set, a flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and a heat exchanger set, wherein: a first flue gas conveying pipeline is arranged between the internal combustion engine set and the Stirling engine set, and a second flue gas conveying pipeline is arranged between the internal combustion engine set and the Stirling engine set and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit; the system also comprises a flow regulating device, a gas-liquid separator and a gas-liquid separator, wherein the flow regulating device is arranged on the first flue gas conveying pipeline and/or the second flue gas conveying pipeline and is used for controlling the amount of high-temperature flue gas input into the Stirling unit and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit, and the amount of the high-temperature flue gas is more than or equal to zero; the energy management module is used for respectively controlling the working conditions of the flow regulating device, the internal combustion engine unit, the Stirling unit, the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and the heat exchanger unit according to the relation between the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side and the total supply quantity of the system, and the effects of supply and demand matching and efficient gradient utilization are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of distributed energy, in particular to a system and a method for cascade utilization of energy of a multi-energy complementary distributed energy system.
Background
The compatibility of the efficient utilization of energy and the coordination of the environment is the key for realizing the sustainable development of the economic society, and the multi-energy complementary distributed energy system is taken as the hotspot direction of the innovative development of the energy technology, has the advantages of cleanness, low carbon, safety and high efficiency, is the key research field for promoting the technical revolution of energy utilization and the development of energy transformation, and has very important significance for implementing the strategy of energy conservation and emission reduction in China and constructing a clean, low carbon, safe and high-efficiency energy system.
Taking a multi-energy complementary distributed energy system with an internal combustion engine as a prime mover as an example, a large amount of energy is taken away by the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine, and in order to improve the energy utilization rate, various processes for recycling the waste heat of the exhaust gas are provided in the prior art. Most of the recovered waste heat energy is used for heating and warming, or refrigerant water is replaced by a lithium bromide water chiller to form a cold, hot and electricity cogeneration operation mode, although part of available energy in the waste heat energy is recovered, the generation amount and the use amount of heat energy and electric energy of a prime motor are difficult to be completely matched at 0-100% of load, and a production end and a hot user of the waste heat are two relatively independent parts, so that the heat utilization equipment is often in an unstable operation state or an insufficient energy utilization state, and compared with a design value, the overall efficiency is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect of low overall energy utilization rate of the system in the prior art, and provides a multi-energy complementary distributed energy system energy cascade utilization system and method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a complementary distributed energy system energy cascade utilization system of multipotency, includes all internal-combustion engine group, stirling unit, flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and the heat exchanger group of being connected with the user side, still includes:
the first flue gas conveying pipeline is connected between the internal combustion engine set and the Stirling engine set and is used for conveying high-temperature flue gas into the Stirling engine set;
the second flue gas conveying pipeline is connected between the internal combustion engine unit and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and is used for conveying high-temperature flue gas into the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit;
the third flue gas conveying pipeline is connected between the Stirling unit and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and is used for conveying the residual flue gas of the Stirling unit into the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit;
the flow regulating device is arranged on the first flue gas conveying pipeline and/or the second flue gas conveying pipeline and is used for controlling the high-temperature flue gas amount input into the Stirling unit and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit, and the high-temperature flue gas amount is more than or equal to zero;
and the energy management module is used for respectively controlling the working conditions of the flow regulating device, the internal combustion engine set, the Stirling engine set, the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit and the heat exchanger set according to the relation between the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side and the total supply quantity of the system.
Preferably, the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side comprises one or more of demand electric energy, demand heat quantity and demand cold quantity;
the total supply amount of the system comprises one or more of power supply amount, cooling supply amount and heating supply amount;
the energy management module is also used for optimizing the operation of the system by utilizing a genetic algorithm based on a system objective function and controlling the working conditions of the flow regulating device, the internal combustion engine set, the Stirling engine set, the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and the heat exchanger set; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the system objective function comprises a system operation cost objective function and a system comprehensive energy utilization rate objective function;
the constraint conditions of the system objective function comprise:
one or more of electric energy balance, heat energy balance and cold energy balance; and
the operation restriction of the internal combustion engine set, the operation restriction of the Stirling engine set, the operation restriction of the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and the operation restriction of the heat exchanger set.
Preferably, the system further comprises an electric power storage device and an electric refrigeration device, wherein the electric power storage device and the electric refrigeration device are respectively connected with a mains supply, the internal combustion engine set and the stirling engine set, and are simultaneously connected with the user side;
the energy management module is also used for controlling the electric power storage device and the electric refrigeration equipment according to the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side;
among the constraints of the system objective function:
the electric energy balance further comprises charge and discharge power of the electric storage device;
the cold energy balance also comprises the cold supply amount of the electric refrigeration equipment;
also included are operational constraints of the electric refrigeration unit.
Preferably, the internal combustion engine set comprises at least two internal combustion engines, and the working condition of the internal combustion engine set comprises the number of the working internal combustion engines and the internal combustion engine electric power of the internal combustion engine set;
the Stirling engine set comprises at least two Stirling engines, and the working conditions of the Stirling engine set comprise the number of the working Stirling engines and the Stirling engine electric power of the Stirling engine set;
among the constraints of the system objective function:
the electric energy balance comprises internal combustion engine electric power of the internal combustion engine set, Stirling machine electric power of the Stirling engine set, charge and discharge electric power of the electric storage device and required electric quantity of a user side;
the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit comprises at least two smoke hot water lithium bromide machines, and the working conditions of the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit comprise the number of the working smoke hot water lithium bromide machines and the energy supply amount of the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit;
the heat exchanger group comprises at least two heat exchangers, and the working condition of the heat exchanger group comprises the number of the working heat exchangers and the heat supply amount of the heat exchanger group;
the electric refrigeration equipment comprises at least one electric refrigerator, and the working condition of the electric refrigeration equipment comprises the number of the working electric refrigerators and the cooling capacity of the electric refrigeration equipment;
among the constraints of the system objective function:
the heat energy balance comprises the heat supply quantity of the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit, the heat supply quantity of the heat exchanger group and the required heat quantity of a user side;
the cold energy balance comprises the cooling capacity of the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit, the cooling capacity of the electric refrigeration equipment and the required cooling capacity of a user side.
Preferably, the system also comprises a solar high-temperature acquisition device for improving the Stirling electromechanical power of the Stirling engine set;
the Stirling unit comprises at least one Stirling engine, and each Stirling engine is correspondingly provided with a solar high-temperature acquisition device.
Preferably, the solar energy high temperature collection device comprises one or a combination of the following components: the device comprises groove type light condensing equipment, tower type light condensing equipment, butterfly type light condensing equipment and Fresnel mirror type light condensing equipment;
the Stirling engine comprises a heat absorbing part, and the solar high-temperature acquisition device is used for increasing the temperature of the heat absorbing part.
And a cylinder sleeve water circulation loop is arranged between the internal combustion engine set and the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit.
The invention also provides a method for utilizing the energy cascade of the multi-energy complementary distributed energy system, which comprises the following steps:
generating power by using an internal combustion engine set;
respectively controlling the flow regulating devices according to the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side, and controlling the high-temperature flue gas quantity input into the Stirling unit and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit, wherein the high-temperature flue gas quantity is more than or equal to zero; meanwhile, the working conditions of the internal combustion engine set, the Stirling engine set, the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit and the heat exchanger set are respectively controlled, so that the energy requirement of the user side is met;
when the energy demand feedback quantity at the user side is higher than the total supply quantity of the system, controlling a flow regulating device, increasing the high-temperature flue gas quantity entering a flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit, and reducing the high-temperature flue gas quantity entering a Stirling unit;
when the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side is lower than the total supply quantity of the system, controlling a flow regulating device, increasing the high-temperature flue gas quantity of a Stirling unit, and reducing the high-temperature flue gas quantity of a flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit;
and when the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side is equal to the total supply quantity of the system, the high-temperature flue gas quantity entering the Stirling unit is preferentially ensured.
Preferably, the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side comprises one or more of demand electric energy, demand heat quantity and demand cold quantity;
the total supply amount of the system comprises one or more of power supply amount, cooling supply amount and heating supply amount; the method further comprises the following steps:
based on a system objective function, optimizing the operation of the system by utilizing a genetic algorithm, and controlling the working conditions of the flow regulating device, the internal combustion engine set, the Stirling engine set, the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and the heat exchanger set; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the system objective function comprises a system operation cost objective function and a system comprehensive energy utilization rate objective function;
the constraint conditions of the system objective function comprise:
one or more of electric energy balance, heat energy balance and cold energy balance; and
the operation restriction of the internal combustion engine set, the operation restriction of the Stirling engine set, the operation restriction of the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and the operation restriction of the heat exchanger set.
Preferably, the system further comprises an electrical storage device and an electrical refrigeration apparatus; the method further comprises the following steps:
controlling the electric storage device and the electric refrigeration equipment according to the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side,
if the cooling capacity of the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit is lower than the demand of a user side, controlling the electric refrigeration equipment to improve the cooling capacity; when the cooling capacity of the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit is not lower than the demand of a user side, the generated energy of the internal combustion engine unit and the generated energy of the Stirling unit are stored or supplied to the user side through the electric storage device;
the system also comprises a solar high-temperature acquisition device, wherein the solar high-temperature acquisition device is correspondingly arranged on each Stirling engine in the Stirling engine set; the method further comprises the following steps:
the solar high-temperature acquisition device increases the temperature of a heat absorption part of the Stirling engine and increases the Stirling engine electric power of the Stirling engine set.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the system and the method for the energy cascade utilization of the multi-energy complementary distributed energy system provided by the technical scheme are used for processing high-temperature smoke of an internal combustion engine set in various ways, because the energy demand of a user side is a dynamic value, when the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side is low, more high-temperature smoke can be input into a Stirling engine set through a first smoke conveying pipeline by a flow regulating device to convert heat energy into electric energy, the electric energy can be connected into a power grid or stored and can also be used by the user side, the residual smoke passing through the Stirling engine set still has certain temperature, the smoke can be input into a smoke hot water lithium bromide engine set through a third smoke conveying pipeline to output the supply quantity, and part of high-temperature smoke can be directly input into the smoke hot water lithium bromide engine set through a second smoke conveying pipeline, and the smoke hot water lithium bromide engine set and a heat exchange engine set output the supply quantity to the user side, the total supply quantity of the system can meet the energy demand of a user side; when the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side is higher, more high-temperature flue gas can be conveyed to the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit through the second flue gas conveying pipeline by the flow regulating device, so that more supply quantity can be output to the user side by the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and the heat exchanger group, and the total supply quantity of the system can meet the energy demand of the user side.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-energy complementary distributed energy system energy cascade utilization system provided in an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. an internal combustion engine unit; 11. an internal combustion engine; 12. a first flue gas delivery line; 13. a second flue gas conveying pipeline; 131. a second regulating valve; 14. a cylinder liner water circulation loop;
2. a stirling machine set; 21. a stirling machine; 211. a heat sink member; 212. a first regulating valve; 22. a solar high temperature collection device; 23. a third flue gas delivery line;
3. flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit; 31. flue gas hot water lithium bromide machine; 32. a third regulating valve;
4. a heat exchanger group; 41. a heat exchanger;
5. an energy management module;
6. a user side;
7. an electric refrigeration device;
8. an electrical storage device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As described in the background art, in the prior art, the flue gas waste heat recovery process for the internal combustion engine set is single, and the waste heat is mainly used for heating or cooling. However, in the case of the heating or cooling power supply process, the supply side and the demand side may not be matched. The running load of the internal combustion engine on the supply side is generally more than 50%, when the energy required by the user demand side is higher than the energy supply corresponding to 50% load, the existing waste heat recovery process can fully utilize the waste heat of the internal combustion engine, and the generated refrigeration or heating quantity can meet the use of the demand side; however, when the energy required by the user demand side is lower than the energy supply corresponding to 50% load, the operating load of the internal combustion engine cannot be reduced, and if the generated flue gas waste heat adopts the existing waste heat recovery process, the generated refrigeration or heating capacity exceeds the demand of the user side, which causes waste.
In view of this, as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an energy cascade utilization system for a multi-energy complementary distributed energy system, where a total supply amount of the system in this embodiment includes one or more of a power supply amount, a heat supply amount, and a cooling supply amount, an energy demand of a user side 6 includes one or more of a demand power amount, a demand heat amount, and a demand cooling amount, and for the reasons, main variations of the energy demand of the user side 6 are the demand heat amount and the demand cooling amount, so that the heat supply amount and the heat supply amount of the total supply amount of the system mainly need to be adjusted.
Specifically, the system of this embodiment includes internal-combustion engine set 1, stirling unit 2, flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and heat exchanger group 4, and internal-combustion engine set 1 is used for the electricity generation and produces the high temperature flue gas, and stirling unit 2 is used for utilizing the high temperature flue gas electricity generation, and flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 is used for exporting at least part cooling capacity and at least part heating load, and heat exchanger group 4 is used for exporting some heating load.
The system of the embodiment further comprises a first flue gas conveying pipeline 12, which is connected between the internal combustion engine set 1 and the Stirling engine set 2 and is used for conveying high-temperature flue gas into the Stirling engine set 2; the second flue gas conveying pipeline 13 is connected between the internal combustion engine unit 1 and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and is used for conveying high-temperature flue gas into the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3; the third flue gas conveying pipeline is connected between the Stirling unit 2 and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and is used for conveying the residual flue gas of the Stirling unit 2 into the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3;
the fuel is combusted and generates power in the internal combustion engine unit 1, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas is generated, part of the high-temperature flue gas is conveyed to the Stirling engine unit 2 through the first flue gas conveying pipeline 12, the Stirling engine unit 2 generates power by utilizing the high-temperature flue gas to realize multi-energy complementation, the temperature of the discharged residual flue gas is lower than that of the high-temperature flue gas, but still has a certain temperature, and in order to fully utilize waste heat, the residual flue gas is conveyed to the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 through the third flue gas conveying pipeline 23 to realize three-level energy utilization; meanwhile, the other part of high-temperature flue gas is directly conveyed to the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 through the second flue gas conveying pipeline 13 to complete secondary energy utilization, the part of high-temperature flue gas can be mixed with the residual flue gas discharged by the Stirling unit 2, and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 utilizes the heat of the mixed flue gas to realize refrigeration or heating and provide supply quantity meeting the demand quantity for the user side 6; the low-temperature flue gas passing through the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 is input into the heat exchanger unit 4 for energy replacement, so that domestic hot water is provided for users, and the cascade utilization of system energy is realized.
In order to solve the problem that the production end of the waste heat and the heat user are relatively independent in the prior art, the system of the embodiment further comprises a flow regulating device and an energy management module 5, wherein the flow regulating device and the energy management module 5 are arranged on the first flue gas conveying pipeline 12 and/or the second flue gas conveying pipeline 13 and are used for controlling the high-temperature flue gas amount input into the Stirling unit 2 and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3, and the high-temperature flue gas amount is more than or equal to zero, namely, the high-temperature flue gas input into the Stirling unit 2 or the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 can be stopped when necessary; the energy management module 5 is used for respectively controlling the flow regulating device and the working conditions of the internal combustion engine unit 1, the stirling engine unit 2, the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and the heat exchanger unit 4 according to the relation between the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side 6 and the total supply quantity of the system, specifically, when the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side 6 is low, more high-temperature flue gas can be input into the stirling engine unit 2 through the first flue gas conveying pipeline 12 through the flow regulating device, heat energy is converted into electric energy, the electric energy can be connected into a power grid or stored and can be used by the user side 6, a small part of high-temperature flue gas is mixed with the residual flue gas passing through the stirling engine unit 2 and is input into the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3, the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and the heat exchanger unit 4 are used for refrigerating or heating, and the energy demand of the user side 6 is met; when the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side 6 is high, more high-temperature flue gas can be conveyed to the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 through the second flue gas conveying pipeline 13 by the flow regulating device, so that more refrigerating or heating quantities can be converted by the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and the heat exchanger unit 4, and the demand quantity of the user side 6 for refrigerating or heating is met. When the energy demand feedback quantity (load change) of the user side 6 is detected, the energy management module 5 flexibly adjusts the flue gas quantity entering the Stirling unit 2 and the flue gas quantity directly entering the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3, so that the effects of supply and demand matching and efficient gradient utilization are achieved.
The basic strategy of the energy management module 5 is: guarantee that internal-combustion engine group 1 moves more than 50% load, use the energy demand feedback volume (cold and hot energy demand) of user side 6 as basic control strategy, the adjustment gets into the high temperature flue gas volume of flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and stirling unit 2, the energy demand feedback volume at user side 6 equals the total supply volume of system, the high temperature flue gas volume of stirling unit 2 is got into to the preferential assurance, this moment, surplus flue gas after the cooling of stirling unit 2 gets into flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3, supply cold volume and heat supply volume in the total supply volume of output system by flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and subsequent heat exchanger group 4, guarantee the cold and hot energy demand of user side 6. When the energy demand of user side 6 can not be satisfied when the cold volume of supplying of flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and subsequent heat exchanger group 4 only rely on surplus flue gas output and heat supply volume, signal feedback through energy management module 5, control flow regulator, at this moment, flow regulator is including setting up second governing valve 131 on second flue gas pipeline 13, second governing valve 131 is opened, make partly high temperature flue gas not pass through stirling unit 2, directly get into flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3, flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and subsequent heat exchanger group 4 output more cold volume of supplying and heat supply volume, guarantee the cold and hot energy demand of user side 6. When the energy demand of the user side 6 cannot be met by the cooling capacity and the heating capacity which are also output by the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and the subsequent heat exchanger unit 4 by means of the residual smoke and the partial high-temperature smoke, the signal feedback is realized through the energy management module 5, the flow regulating device is controlled, at the moment, the flow regulating device comprises a first regulating valve 212 arranged on a first smoke conveying pipeline 12, the first regulating valve 212 is closed, a second regulating valve 131 is fully opened, all the high-temperature smoke generated by the internal combustion unit 1 completely enters the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit 3, the high-temperature smoke input into the Stirling unit 2 is zero, more cooling capacity and heating capacity are output by the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and the subsequent heat exchanger unit 4, and the cold and heat energy demand of the user side 6 is ensured.
Preferably, the energy management module 5 establishes a more specific control strategy, optimizes the system operation and controls the flow regulation device and the working conditions of the internal combustion engine set 1, the stirling engine set 2, the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and the heat exchanger set 4 by using a genetic algorithm based on a system objective function.
Specifically, the system objective function includes a system operation cost objective function minCrAnd a system comprehensive energy utilization rate objective function eta, a system operation cost objective function:
wherein, CeIs the cost of electricity purchase, CfIs the cost of the gas, ComIs the cost of operation and maintenance, CpuThe cost of pollutant emission is known, and the parameters are all known parameters in the design stage and can be dynamically changed according to the actual situation in the operation process;
the system comprehensive energy utilization rate objective function:
wherein, PLoadIs the user side demand load, h is the run hour, QLoad,hIs the user side heat demand, QLoad,cIs the user side cooling capacity requirement, GfIs the gas consumption, Qar,netThe parameters can be dynamically changed according to actual conditions in the operation process, and can be detected and fed back by devices such as a sensor and the like.
Based on the system objective function, the system operation cost objective function and the system comprehensive energy utilization rate objective function are taken as targets, optimization algorithms such as genetic algorithm are utilized to optimize the system operation, the first adjusting valve 212 and the second adjusting valve 131 are controlled, the high-temperature flue gas amount input into the Stirling unit 2 and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 is further controlled, and meanwhile the working conditions of the internal combustion engine unit 1, the Stirling unit 2, the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and the heat exchanger unit 4 are controlled.
The system objective function has a plurality of constraints. Specifically, constraints include system energy balance constraints (electrical, thermal, and cold) and plant operating constraints. In the heating period, the system needs to satisfy the electric energy balance and the heat energy balance, and in the cooling period, the system needs to satisfy the electric energy balance and the cold energy balance. The equipment operation constraints comprise the operation constraints of the internal combustion engine set 1, the operation constraints of the Stirling engine set 2, the operation constraints of the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and the operation constraints of the heat exchanger set 4.
The waste heat power generation mode of the Stirling unit 2 can be as follows: the first flue gas conveying pipeline 12 can adopt a heat collecting pipe subjected to heat insulation treatment, the Stirling engine comprises a gas collecting cavity, a heat absorbing part 211 and an engine, the heat absorbing part 211 is located in the gas collecting cavity, high-temperature flue gas is conveyed into the gas collecting cavity through the first flue gas conveying pipeline 12, a working medium in the heated heat absorbing part 211 pushes the engine to work, the engine drives the generator to generate electricity, the heat absorbing part 211 can be a pipe heat exchanger or a heat pipe type heat exchanger, the working medium is filled with helium or hydrogen, the working medium expands when heated to push a power piston of the engine to move and do work, low-grade heat is converted into low-grade mechanical energy and high-grade electric energy, the residual flue gas after utilization still keeps a certain temperature, and then the residual flue gas is conveyed to the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 through the third flue gas conveying pipeline 23 to further recover residual heat.
Optionally, the system may further include a solar high-temperature collection device 22, each stirling machine 21 is correspondingly provided with one solar high-temperature collection device 22, and the solar high-temperature collection device 22 may serve as a supplementary heat source of the stirling machine 21. Specifically, the solar high-temperature collection device 22 can adopt one or a combination of a groove type condensation device, a tower type condensation device, a butterfly type condensation device and a Fresnel mirror type condensation device, when sunlight exists, solar condensation is projected on the heat absorption part 211 of the Stirling engine 21, the temperature of the heat absorption part 211 is increased, working media in the heat absorption part 211 are further promoted to push a power piston of the engine to move to do work, the power generation amount of the Stirling engine is increased, the renewable energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved, and the CO of the system is reduced2And (5) discharging.
When the demand of user side 6 is not less than the supply volume, control flow adjusting device increases the high temperature flue gas volume that gets into flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 through second flue gas conveying pipeline 13, reduces the high temperature flue gas volume that gets into stirling unit 2 through first flue gas conveying pipeline 12, and stirling unit 2 can generate electricity through solar energy high temperature collection device 22, and general generated energy can be fully absorbed.
Preferably, the system of the embodiment further includes an electric storage device 8 and an electric refrigeration device 7, the electric storage device 8 and the electric refrigeration device 7 are respectively connected with the mains supply, the internal combustion engine set 1 and the stirling engine set 2, and are simultaneously connected with the user side 6, the energy management module 5 is further configured to control the electric storage device 8 and the electric refrigeration device 7 according to the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side 6, the electric storage device 8 is configured to store surplus electric quantities of the system and the mains supply, the electric refrigeration device 7 is configured to supplement the refrigeration quantity, and if the cooling quantity of the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 is lower than the demand quantity of the user side 6, the electric refrigeration device 7 is controlled to increase the cooling quantity; when the cooling capacity of the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 is not lower than the demand of the user side 6, the power generation capacity of the internal combustion engine unit 1 and the stirling unit 2 is stored or supplied to the user side 6 through the power storage device 8. Therefore, in the constraints of the system objective function: the electric energy balance also includes the charge-discharge power of the electric storage device 8; the cold energy balance also comprises the cold supply capacity of the electric refrigeration equipment 7; but also the operating constraints of the electric refrigeration equipment 7. The electrical storage device may be a battery.
In some embodiments, the flue gas hot water lithium bromide machine 31 is provided with a domestic cold/hot circulating water outlet pipe and a domestic cold/hot circulating water inlet pipe, and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide machine 31 performs heat transfer on domestic cold/hot circulating water from a user by using high-temperature flue gas to supply cold/hot water to the user. And a water heat exchange pipeline is arranged in the heat exchanger group 4, so that domestic hot water is directly provided for users. Preferably, a cylinder liner water circulation loop 14 is arranged between the internal combustion engine unit 1 and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3, the heat of the cylinder liner water is transferred to the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3, and the cooled cylinder liner water is conveyed back to the internal combustion engine unit 1 to cool the internal combustion engine unit 1.
In other embodiments, the flue gas hot water lithium bromide machine 31 may further include a flue gas heat exchanger and a steam-type dual-effect lithium bromide refrigeration unit, the flue gas heat exchanger converts high-temperature flue gas into steam, the steam-type dual-effect lithium bromide refrigeration unit is driven to realize refrigeration in summer refrigeration season, and the high-temperature flue gas supplies heat through the domestic cold/hot circulating water outlet pipe and the domestic cold/hot circulating water inlet pipe in winter heating season, and then heats feed water through the heat exchanger unit 4 to produce domestic hot water.
Based on the above embodiment, the constraint conditions of the system objective function are specifically:
electric energy balance:
wherein, PCEIs the internal combustion engine electric power P of the internal combustion engine unit 1WIs the commercial power purchasing power, PSEIs the Stirling generator electric power, P, of the Stirling engine 2ESSIs the charge-discharge power of the electric storage device 8, and a and b represent the on state, the on is 1, and the off is 0, respectively;
heat energy balance:
wherein Q isab,hIs the heat supply of the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit 3, QHIs the heat supply of the heat exchanger group 4, QLoad,hIs the required heat of the user side 6;
cold energy balance:
wherein Q isab,cIs the cooling capacity Q of the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit 3ERIs the cooling capacity, Q, of the electric refrigerating apparatus 7Load,cIs the required refrigeration capacity of the user side 6;
the equipment operating constraints include:
internal combustion engine electric power of the internal combustion engine group 1:
wherein, in the step (A),
and
are all known parameters;
stirling machine electrical power of stirling machine 2:
wherein etaCEThe efficiency of the Stirling generator utilizing the heat of the flue gas is a known parameter, phi is the high-temperature flue gas fraction directly entering the Stirling unit 2 (the high-temperature flue gas amount entering the Stirling unit 2 accounts for 0-1 of the total high-temperature flue gas amount and is controlled by the energy management module 5), and Q is the total high-temperature flue gas amountCEThe heat of the high-temperature flue gas can be known according to the detection and calculation of the sensor, and the specific detection and calculation mode is the conventional technology, etaPVIs the efficiency of the stirling machine 2 using the heat collected by the solar high temperature collection device 22, and is a known parameter, QPVThe heat collected by the solar high-temperature collecting device 22 can be known according to the detection and calculation of the sensor, and the specific detection and calculation mode is conventionalA technique;
flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3:
heating working conditions are as follows:
COPab,his the heating efficiency of the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3, is a known parameter,
the cylinder liner water heat quantity of the internal combustion engine unit 1 can be known through detection and calculation of a sensor, and the specific detection and calculation mode is a conventional technology;
refrigeration working condition:
COPab,cis the refrigeration efficiency of the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit 3, is a known parameter,
the cylinder liner water heat quantity of the internal combustion engine unit 1 can be known according to detection calculation, and the specific detection calculation mode is a conventional technology;
heat supply to the heat exchanger group 4:
wherein, in the step (A),
is a known parameter;
cooling capacity of the electric refrigeration apparatus 7:
wherein, COPcIs the refrigeration efficiency of the electric refrigeration device 7, being a known parameter, PERThe power consumption of the electric refrigeration equipment 7 is known from detection calculation, and the specific detection calculation mode is a conventional technology.
Preferably, in order to flexibly adjust the system and realize supply and demand matching, in the system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the internal combustion engine set 1 includes at least two internal combustion engines 11, the stirling engine set 2 includes at least two stirling engines 21, the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 includes at least two flue gas hot water lithium bromide machines 31, and the heat exchanger set 4 includes at least two heat exchangers 41. As shown in fig. 1, the flue gas input end of each stirling machine 21 is communicated with the first flue gas conveying pipeline 12, and is provided with a first regulating valve 212 for regulating the amount of high-temperature flue gas input into each stirling machine 21, so as to regulate the amount of high-temperature flue gas input into the whole stirling machine set 2. The amount of the high-temperature flue gas input into each stirling machine 21 can be specifically set according to the operating condition of each stirling machine 21. And a second regulating valve 131 is arranged on the second flue gas conveying pipeline 13 and used for regulating the high-temperature flue gas volume of the input flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3.
The working conditions of the internal combustion engine set 1 comprise the number of the working internal combustion engines 11 and the internal combustion engine electric power of the internal combustion engine set 1, the working conditions of the stirling engine set 2 comprise the number of the working stirling engines 21 and the stirling electromechanical power of the stirling engine set 2, the working conditions of the flue gas hot water lithium bromide set 3 comprise the number of the working flue gas hot water lithium bromide machines 31 and the energy supply amount of the flue gas hot water lithium bromide set 3, the working conditions of the heat exchanger set 4 comprise the number of the working heat exchangers 41 and the heat supply amount of the heat exchanger set 4, and the working conditions of the electric refrigeration equipment 7 comprise the number of the working electric refrigerators and the heat supply amount of the electric refrigeration equipment 7. The energy management module 5 can control the energy supply amount of each device, and also can control the number of the working internal combustion engines in the internal combustion engine set 1, the number of the corresponding working stirling engines, the number of the flue gas hot water lithium bromide machines 31, the number of the heat exchangers and the number of the electric refrigerators, so that the total supply amount of the system is prevented from being insufficient or energy waste is avoided.
Taking the system heat supply as an example, when the heat demand of the user side 6 is not lower than the heat supply, each first adjusting valve 212 is controlled to reduce the amount of high-temperature flue gas entering the stirling machine set 2 through the first flue gas conveying pipeline 12, the second adjusting valve 131 is controlled to increase the amount of high-temperature flue gas entering the flue gas hot water lithium bromide machine set 3 through the second flue gas conveying pipeline 13, the refrigerating capacity or the heating capacity is increased, and the requirement of the user side 6 is met; when the demand heat of user side 6 is less than the heat supply capacity, control first governing valve 212, increase the high temperature flue gas volume that gets into stirling unit 2 through first flue gas conveying pipeline 12, simultaneously, control second governing valve 131, reduce the high temperature flue gas volume that gets into flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 through second flue gas conveying pipeline 13, reduce the heating capacity, be used for the electricity generation with unnecessary high temperature flue gas, avoid the energy extravagant.
Meanwhile, the flue gas output end of each Stirling engine 21 is communicated with a third flue gas conveying pipeline 23; the flue gas input end of each flue gas hot water lithium bromide machine 31 is communicated with the second flue gas conveying pipeline 13 and the third flue gas conveying pipeline 23, and is provided with a third regulating valve 32 for regulating the high-temperature flue gas and the residual flue gas input into each flue gas hot water lithium bromide machine 31, inputting the mixed flue gas amount of each flue gas hot water lithium bromide machine 31, and specifically setting according to the working condition of each flue gas hot water lithium bromide machine 31.
The first, second, and third regulating valves 212, 131, and 32 may be flow regulating valves.
The utilization method of the energy cascade utilization system of the energy complementary distributed energy system based on the embodiment comprises the following steps:
generating electricity by using the internal combustion engine unit 1;
respectively controlling flow regulating devices according to the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side 6, and controlling the high-temperature flue gas quantity input into the Stirling unit 2 and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3, wherein the high-temperature flue gas quantity is more than or equal to zero; meanwhile, the working conditions of the internal combustion engine set 1, the Stirling unit 2, the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and the heat exchanger set 4 are respectively controlled, and the energy requirement of a user side 6 is met;
when the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side 6 is higher than the total supply quantity of the system, controlling a flow regulating device, increasing the high-temperature flue gas quantity entering a flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3, and reducing the high-temperature flue gas quantity entering a Stirling unit 2;
when the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side 6 is lower than the total supply quantity of the system, controlling a flow regulating device, increasing the high-temperature flue gas quantity of the Stirling unit 2, and reducing the high-temperature flue gas quantity of the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3;
and when the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side 6 is equal to the total supply quantity of the system, the high-temperature flue gas quantity entering the Stirling unit 2 is preferentially ensured.
Preferably, the system of the present embodiment further includes an electrical storage device 8 and an electric cooling apparatus 7; therefore, the method of this embodiment further includes:
according to the feedback quantity of the energy demand of the user side 6, the electric power storage device 8 and the electric refrigeration equipment 7 are controlled,
if the cooling capacity of the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit 3 is lower than the demand of the user side 6, controlling the electric refrigeration equipment 7 to improve the cooling capacity; when the cooling capacity of the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit 3 is not lower than the demand of the user side 6, the generated energy of the internal combustion unit 1 and the Stirling unit 2 is stored or supplied to the user side 6 through the electric storage device 8;
the system of the embodiment further comprises a solar high-temperature acquisition device 22, wherein the solar high-temperature acquisition device 22 is correspondingly arranged on each Stirling engine in the Stirling engine set 2; therefore, the method of this embodiment further includes:
the solar high-temperature acquisition device 22 increases the temperature of the heat absorption part of the Stirling engine and increases the mechanical power of the Stirling engine.
Preferably, the method of the embodiment further comprises the steps of optimizing the operation of the system by using a genetic algorithm based on a system objective function, and controlling the flow regulating device and the working conditions of the internal combustion engine set 1, the stirling engine set 2, the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and the heat exchanger set 4; the system objective function comprises a system operation cost objective function and a system comprehensive energy utilization rate objective function, which is specifically shown above; the constraints of the system objective function are specified above.
The utilization method of the embodiment is specifically as follows:
1.1 under the heating working condition, judging the maximum heating running state and the minimum heating running state of the system through an energy management module 5, wherein the minimum heating working condition is that only 1 internal combustion engine is operated, and high-temperature flue gas passes through a Stirling unit 2, a flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and a heat exchanger group 4 in sequence; the maximum heating working condition is to operate all internal combustion engines, and high-temperature flue gas passes through the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3-the heat exchanger unit 4 in sequence. When the heat pump is between the maximum heating working condition and the minimum heating working condition, according to the heat demand of the user side 6, the high-temperature flue gas volume entering the Stirling unit 2 and the high-temperature flue gas volume directly entering the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 are controlled through the energy management module 5, and the opening degrees of the first regulating valve 212 and the second regulating valve 131 are controlled. It is worth noting that the high temperature flue gas entering the stirling machine set 2 is preferentially guaranteed under the condition that the total heat supply of the system meets the heat demand of the user side 6.
1.2 under a refrigeration working condition, judging a maximum refrigeration working condition and a minimum refrigeration working condition of the system through an energy management module 5, wherein the minimum refrigeration working condition is that only 1 internal combustion engine is operated, and high-temperature flue gas completely passes through a Stirling unit 2, a flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 and a heat exchanger group 4 in sequence; the maximum refrigeration working condition is to operate all internal combustion engines, and high-temperature flue gas passes through the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3-the heat exchanger unit 4 in sequence. When the refrigerating system is between the maximum refrigerating working condition and the minimum refrigerating working condition, according to the cold quantity required by the user side 6, the high-temperature flue gas quantity entering the Stirling unit 2 and the high-temperature flue gas quantity directly entering the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit 3 are controlled through the energy management module 5, and the opening degrees of the first regulating valve 212 and the second regulating valve 131 are controlled. And under the condition that the total cooling capacity of the system meets the cooling capacity demand of the user side 6, the high-temperature flue gas volume entering the Stirling unit 2 is preferentially ensured.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a complementary distributed energy system energy cascade utilization system of multipotency which characterized in that, includes all with the internal-combustion engine group, stirling unit, flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and the heat exchanger group of user side connection, still includes:
the first flue gas conveying pipeline is connected between the internal combustion engine set and the Stirling engine set and is used for conveying high-temperature flue gas into the Stirling engine set;
the second flue gas conveying pipeline is connected between the internal combustion engine unit and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and is used for conveying high-temperature flue gas into the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit;
the third flue gas conveying pipeline is connected between the Stirling unit and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and is used for conveying the residual flue gas of the Stirling unit into the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit;
the flow regulating device is arranged on the first flue gas conveying pipeline and/or the second flue gas conveying pipeline and is used for controlling the high-temperature flue gas amount input into the Stirling unit and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit, and the high-temperature flue gas amount is more than or equal to zero;
and the energy management module is used for respectively controlling the working conditions of the flow regulating device, the internal combustion engine set, the Stirling engine set, the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit and the heat exchanger set according to the relation between the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side and the total supply quantity of the system.
2. The energy step utilization system of claim 1,
the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side comprises one or more of demand electric energy, demand heat quantity and demand cold quantity;
the total supply amount of the system comprises one or more of power supply amount, cooling supply amount and heating supply amount;
the energy management module is also used for optimizing the operation of the system by utilizing a genetic algorithm based on a system objective function and controlling the working conditions of the flow regulating device, the internal combustion engine set, the Stirling engine set, the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and the heat exchanger set; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the system objective function comprises a system operation cost objective function and a system comprehensive energy utilization rate objective function;
the constraint conditions of the system objective function comprise:
one or more of electric energy balance, heat energy balance and cold energy balance; and
the operation restriction of the internal combustion engine set, the operation restriction of the Stirling engine set, the operation restriction of the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and the operation restriction of the heat exchanger set.
3. The energy cascade utilization system of claim 2, further comprising an electrical storage device and an electrical refrigeration device, the electrical storage device and the electrical refrigeration device being connected to the utility power, the internal combustion engine set and the stirling engine set, respectively, and to the user side;
the energy management module is also used for controlling the electric power storage device and the electric refrigeration equipment according to the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side;
among the constraints of the system objective function:
the electric energy balance further comprises charge and discharge power of the electric storage device;
the cold energy balance also comprises the cold supply amount of the electric refrigeration equipment;
also included are operational constraints of the electric refrigeration unit.
4. The energy step utilization system of claim 3,
the internal combustion engine set comprises at least two internal combustion engines, and the working condition of the internal combustion engine set comprises the number of the working internal combustion engines and the internal combustion engine electric power of the internal combustion engine set;
the Stirling engine set comprises at least two Stirling engines, and the working conditions of the Stirling engine set comprise the number of the working Stirling engines and the Stirling engine electric power of the Stirling engine set;
among the constraints of the system objective function:
the electric energy balance comprises internal combustion engine electric power of the internal combustion engine set, Stirling machine electric power of the Stirling engine set, charge and discharge electric power of the electric storage device and required electric quantity of a user side;
the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit comprises at least two smoke hot water lithium bromide machines, and the working conditions of the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit comprise the number of the working smoke hot water lithium bromide machines and the energy supply amount of the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit;
the heat exchanger group comprises at least two heat exchangers, and the working condition of the heat exchanger group comprises the number of the working heat exchangers and the heat supply amount of the heat exchanger group;
the electric refrigeration equipment comprises at least one electric refrigerator, and the working condition of the electric refrigeration equipment comprises the number of the working electric refrigerators and the cooling capacity of the electric refrigeration equipment;
among the constraints of the system objective function:
the heat energy balance comprises the heat supply quantity of the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit, the heat supply quantity of the heat exchanger group and the required heat quantity of a user side;
the cold energy balance comprises the cooling capacity of the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit, the cooling capacity of the electric refrigeration equipment and the required cooling capacity of a user side.
5. The energy cascade utilization system of claim 1, further comprising a solar high temperature harvesting device for increasing stirling electromechanical power of the stirling machine;
the Stirling unit comprises at least one Stirling engine, and each Stirling engine is correspondingly provided with a solar high-temperature acquisition device.
6. The energy step utilization system of claim 5, wherein the high temperature solar energy harvesting device comprises one or a combination of: the device comprises groove type light condensing equipment, tower type light condensing equipment, butterfly type light condensing equipment and Fresnel mirror type light condensing equipment;
the Stirling engine comprises a heat absorbing part, and the solar high-temperature acquisition device is used for increasing the temperature of the heat absorbing part.
7. The energy cascade utilization system of claim 1, wherein a cylinder liner water circulation loop is disposed between the internal combustion engine set and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit.
8. A method for energy cascade utilization of a multi-energy complementary distributed energy system, which is based on the multi-energy complementary distributed energy system energy cascade utilization system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7; the method comprises the following steps:
generating power by using an internal combustion engine set;
respectively controlling the flow regulating devices according to the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side, and controlling the high-temperature flue gas quantity input into the Stirling unit and the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit, wherein the high-temperature flue gas quantity is more than or equal to zero; meanwhile, the working conditions of the internal combustion engine set, the Stirling engine set, the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit and the heat exchanger set are respectively controlled, so that the energy requirement of the user side is met;
when the energy demand feedback quantity at the user side is higher than the total supply quantity of the system, controlling a flow regulating device, increasing the high-temperature flue gas quantity entering a flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit, and reducing the high-temperature flue gas quantity entering a Stirling unit;
when the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side is lower than the total supply quantity of the system, controlling a flow regulating device, increasing the high-temperature flue gas quantity of a Stirling unit, and reducing the high-temperature flue gas quantity of a flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit;
and when the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side is equal to the total supply quantity of the system, the high-temperature flue gas quantity entering the Stirling unit is preferentially ensured.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the energy demand feedback amount of the user side includes one or more of a demand electric energy, a demand heat amount, and a demand cold amount;
the total supply amount of the system comprises one or more of power supply amount, cooling supply amount and heating supply amount;
based on a system objective function, optimizing the operation of the system by utilizing a genetic algorithm, and controlling the working conditions of the flow regulating device, the internal combustion engine set, the Stirling engine set, the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and the heat exchanger set; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the system objective function comprises a system operation cost objective function and a system comprehensive energy utilization rate objective function;
the constraint conditions of the system objective function comprise:
one or more of electric energy balance, heat energy balance and cold energy balance; and
the operation restriction of the internal combustion engine set, the operation restriction of the Stirling engine set, the operation restriction of the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit and the operation restriction of the heat exchanger set.
10. The method of claim 9,
the electric refrigeration system also comprises an electric storage device and electric refrigeration equipment;
controlling the electric storage device and the electric refrigeration equipment according to the energy demand feedback quantity of the user side,
if the cooling capacity of the flue gas hot water lithium bromide unit is lower than the demand of a user side, controlling the electric refrigeration equipment to improve the cooling capacity; when the cooling capacity of the smoke hot water lithium bromide unit is not lower than the demand of a user side, the generated energy of the internal combustion engine unit and the generated energy of the Stirling unit are stored or supplied to the user side through the electric storage device;
the system also comprises a solar high-temperature acquisition device, wherein the solar high-temperature acquisition device is correspondingly arranged on each Stirling engine in the Stirling engine set;
the solar high-temperature acquisition device increases the temperature of a heat absorption part of the Stirling engine and increases the Stirling engine electric power of the Stirling engine set.
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