CN114060434A - Torque releasing device and releasing method for ground driving device - Google Patents
Torque releasing device and releasing method for ground driving device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114060434A CN114060434A CN202111560599.0A CN202111560599A CN114060434A CN 114060434 A CN114060434 A CN 114060434A CN 202111560599 A CN202111560599 A CN 202111560599A CN 114060434 A CN114060434 A CN 114060434A
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- tensioning
- hydraulic pump
- brake
- brake disc
- seat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
- F16D65/092—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
- F16D65/84—Features relating to cooling for disc brakes
- F16D65/847—Features relating to cooling for disc brakes with open cooling system, e.g. cooled by air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
Abstract
The invention relates to a torque release device for a ground drive, comprising: the one-way clutch is fixed on the hollow transmission shaft; the brake disc is fixed on the one-way clutch; the brake caliper is fixed on the transmission case, and the brake disc is movably inserted into the brake caliper; the overflow valve is arranged on the transmission case and is connected with the brake calipers; the hydraulic pump is arranged on the transmission case and is connected with the overflow valve; the oil tank is arranged on the transmission case and is respectively connected with the overflow valve and the hydraulic pump; and the connecting device is respectively connected with the hollow transmission shaft and the hydraulic pump. The device brakes by adopting the brake calipers and the butterfly brake disc, has reliable brake torque, has the function of discontinuously braking and slowly releasing torque, can thoroughly release residual energy stored on the torque of the sucker rod string, has stable performance and convenient maintenance, and ensures the personal safety of field operators and the safety risk of equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a braking device, in particular to a torque releasing device and a torque releasing method for a ground driving device.
Background
The technical scheme is that the artificial lift technology of the oil field is continuously updated and iterated, the traditional plunger pump has the problems of poor using effect, short pump detection period and the like in some oil wells with poor working conditions, the underground screw pump lifting process is adopted, the advantages of liquid lifting continuity, solid particle processing capacity and the like are achieved, the defects existing in the plunger pump lifting process are overcome to a certain extent, the underground screw pump lifting process is gradually approved and applied regionally in oil field production, a ground driving device is a main device for providing rotary driving force for an underground screw pump lifting oil production system, the safety of the ground driving device is particularly important, and the core safety function in the whole ground driving device is a torque release function.
When the screw pump is stopped and stuck due to accident (power failure), the rotor of the screw pump generates reverse rotation energy due to the elastic deformation of the rod column and the pressure difference between the oil pipe and the fluid in the oil collecting and conveying pipeline and the fluid in the annular space of the oil sleeve, and the rapid reverse rotation torque is generated under the combined action, the longer the rod column is, the larger the torsion moment is, the longer the pressure difference is, and the longer the continuous reverse rotation time is until all the energy is released. The high-speed reversal of the sucker rod string easily causes the risks of breakage of the sucker rod, damage to parts of a transmission system of a ground driving device, flying of the parts to hurt people and the like, endangers the personal safety of field personnel and equipment safety, and brings serious potential safety hazards to the burying in the daily production process of an oil field. The current ground driving device mainly adopts the following braking modes for releasing the torque:
manual hub type friction braking mainly adopts a hub type clasping friction braking mode, an operator is mainly used for approaching a manual adjusting release bolt on site, the reverse torque is released, automatic control cannot be realized, and the potential personal safety hazard of the operator exists.
The ratchet and pawl mechanical braking mode has the defects that automatic releasing of reverse torque cannot be realized, field operators need to be close to manual adjustment to release the reverse torque, large noise is generated during operation, sparks are easily generated due to the fact that braking load impacts large ratchet and pawl collision, the spark cannot be suitable for flammable and explosive working environments, residual energy cannot be completely released, and personal safety hazards are brought to field operators when the polished rod slip is detached or replaced.
The hydraulic braking mode adopts a gear transmission mode, friction force of blades and a guide shell is utilized, centrifugal force is generated by the blades and liquid under the action of reversal torque, and the hydraulic braking mode can realize automatic torque release and work under the inflammable gas environment by a principle of generating resistance braking.
The torque release braking modes have the defects of self design structure and influence of different use environments, and bring risks to personal safety and equipment safety of field operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a torque releasing device of a ground driving device, which can provide power for hydraulic braking through the reverse rotation of a rod column of a screw pump, realize discontinuous braking and release torque, has good safety and is not influenced by the use environment, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
a ground drive torque release device comprising: the one-way clutch is fixed on the hollow transmission shaft; a brake disc fixed to the one-way clutch; the brake caliper is fixed on the transmission case, and the brake disc is movably inserted into the brake caliper; the overflow valve is mounted on the transmission case and connected with the brake calipers; the hydraulic pump is arranged on the transmission case and is connected with the overflow valve; the oil tank is arranged on the transmission case and is respectively connected with the overflow valve and the hydraulic pump; and the connecting device is respectively connected with the hollow transmission shaft and the hydraulic pump.
Preferably, the brake caliper further comprises a pressure relief valve, and the pressure relief valve is respectively connected with the brake caliper and the oil tank.
Preferably, the pressure gauge is further included and fixed on the overflow valve.
Preferably, the connecting means comprises: a drive pulley mounted on the one-way clutch; a driven pulley mounted on the hydraulic pump; and the belt is respectively connected with the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel.
Further, still include overspeed device tensioner, the overspeed device tensioner includes: the connecting shaft is connected with the driven belt wheel; the connecting shaft is arranged on the bearing seat; the bearing seat and the hydraulic pump are both arranged on the tensioning seat, one side of the tensioning seat is provided with a tensioning plate, and the hydraulic pump is connected with the connecting shaft; the tensioning plate is arranged opposite to the fixed seat, the fixed seat is provided with a T-shaped groove and a tensioning screw hole, and the T-shaped groove is parallel to the tensioning screw hole; the T-shaped bolt is movably inserted into the T-shaped groove and is connected with the tensioning seat; the tensioning bolt is installed in the tensioning screw hole and is movably inserted into the tensioning plate; and the tensioning nut is arranged on the tensioning bolt and is positioned between the tensioning plate and the fixed seat.
Preferably, a plurality of heat dissipation holes are formed in the brake disc.
Preferably, the heat dissipation holes are obliquely arranged.
Wherein, the surface array of brake disc is equipped with a plurality of friction groove.
A method of ground drive torque release comprising the steps of:
when the hollow transmission shaft rotates reversely, the one-way clutch drives the hydraulic pump to work, the hydraulic pump outputs hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil controls the brake calipers to clamp the brake disc after passing through the overflow valve, the hollow transmission shaft is braked in reverse rotation, the hydraulic pump stops outputting the hydraulic oil gradually along with the deceleration of the hollow transmission shaft, the brake calipers loosen the brake disc, the hollow transmission shaft continues to rotate, the hydraulic pump restarts, the brake calipers clamp the brake disc again, and the braking steps are repeated until the release of the torque energy stored in the sucker rod column is finished.
Preferably, the reversing torque is calculated according to the depth of the field oil well, and the brake pressure is controlled by adjusting the overflow valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the torque release device of the ground driving device utilizes the one-way clutch function of the one-way clutch, normal clockwise rotation work is realized, the brake caliper does not work, the hydraulic pump starts to work only when reverse torque is generated during shutdown, the working service cycle of the whole brake system is shortened, the reliability and the stability of the torque release system are improved, and the service life is prolonged; through adopting braking calliper and butterfly brake disc braking, braking moment is reliable, possess and brake the slow release torque function of discontinuity to and can thoroughly release the residual energy of storing on the sucker rod string moment of torsion, the stable performance, it is convenient to maintain, has guaranteed site operation personnel's personal safety and equipment safety risk.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a ground drive torque release apparatus;
FIG. 2 is an elevational view of a ground drive torque release device;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a ground drive torque release device;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the tensioner;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a brake disc;
fig. 6 is a sectional view of the brake disk.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1-6, a ground drive torque release apparatus, comprising: one-way clutch 3, brake disc 4, brake caliper 5, relief valve 61, hydraulic pump 65, oil tank 66, relief valve 64, tensioner and linkage.
The top of transmission case 11 is equipped with transmission seat 13, and the side of transmission case 11 is equipped with connecting seat 12, and hollow transmission shaft 2 passes through the bearing and installs on transmission case 11, and hollow transmission shaft 2 is connected with the sucker rod string. The oil tank 66 is fixed inside the transmission case 11, and the oil return pipe 67 and the oil outlet pipe 68 are installed inside the oil tank 66, and both the oil return pipe 67 and the oil outlet pipe 68 penetrate through the transmission base 13.
The brake caliper 5 is hydraulic, the brake caliper 5 is fixed on the top of the transmission seat 13 and is positioned on one side of the brake disc 4, and the brake disc 4 is movably inserted into the brake caliper 5. The brake disc 4 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes 41, the heat dissipation holes 41 are through holes and are arranged in an inclined manner, and the heat dissipation holes 41 are arranged in an annular array. The heat dissipation holes 41 are used for dissipating heat from the inside of the brake disc 4 during braking, so that the brake caliper 5 is prevented from failing in braking due to overhigh temperature of the brake disc 4. In order to improve the braking effect, the surface array of the brake disc 4 is provided with a plurality of friction grooves 42, and the friction grooves 42 increase the friction force and improve the braking effect.
The overflow valve 61 is fixed on the side surface of the connecting seat 12, the pressure of the overflow valve 61 can be adjusted, and the overflow valve 61 is provided with a pressure gauge 62. An oil outlet of the overflow valve 61 is connected with a three-way joint 63 through an oil pipe, and the three-way joint 63 is connected with an oil inlet of the brake caliper 5. The overflow port of the overflow valve 61 is connected to an oil return pipe 67, and the three-way joint 63 is connected to the oil return pipe 67 via a pressure relief valve 64. The relief valve 61 controls the output pressure of the hydraulic pump 65 to avoid an excessive pressure.
The connecting means includes a driven pulley 73, a driving pulley 71, and a belt 72, and the driving pulley 71 is mounted on the one-way clutch 3 above the brake disk 4. The belt 72 is connected to the driving pulley 71 and the driven pulley 73, respectively. The belt 72 may be a v-belt, a synchronous belt, or a wedge belt, and the driving pulley 71 and the driven pulley 73 are matched with the belt 72.
The tensioning device comprises a connecting shaft 70, a bearing block 74, a tensioning block 75, a fixed block 76, a T-bolt 77, a tensioning bolt 78 and a tensioning nut 79. The driven pulley 73 is fixed on the connecting shaft 70, the connecting shaft 70 is installed on a bearing seat 74, the bearing seat 74 is fixed on the top of the tensioning seat 75, and the hydraulic pump 65 is fixed on the bottom of the tensioning seat 75 and connected with the connecting shaft 70; one side of the tension seat 75 is provided with a tension plate 751, and the tension plate 751 is provided with a tension groove 752. Fixing base 76 is symmetrically installed on the top of connecting seat 12, and fixing base 76 is equipped with T-shaped groove 761 and tensioning screw 762, and T-shaped groove 761 and tensioning screw 762 set up in parallel, and T-shaped groove 761 is located the top of fixing base 76. The tensioning seat 75 is movably positioned at the top of the fixed seat 76, the tensioning groove 752 is arranged opposite to the tensioning screw hole 762, and the T-shaped bolt 77 is movably inserted in the T-shaped groove 761 and is connected with the tensioning seat 75 through a nut; the tension bolt 78 is installed in the tension screw hole 762 and movably inserted in the tension groove 752; the tension nut 79 is mounted on the tension bolt 78 and is located between the tension plate 751 and the anchor block 76. When the belt 72 is tensioned, the tensioning bolt 78 is rotated, the tensioning bolt 78 drives the tensioning plate 751 to move through the tensioning nut 79, the tensioning plate 751 drives the tensioning seat 75 to move, and then the distance between the connecting shaft 70 and the hollow transmission shaft 2 is adjusted, so that the belt 72 is tensioned.
The hydraulic pump 65 is connected to an oil inlet of the relief valve 61 and an oil outlet pipe 68 of the oil tank 66 through oil pipes, respectively.
When the hollow transmission shaft 2 normally runs clockwise, the one-way clutch 3 is in a separated state, and under the action of the one-way clutch 3, the driving belt wheel 71 and the brake disc 4 do not rotate along with the hollow transmission shaft 2 to work and are in a static state; when the power failure stops and a pump jam occurs, reverse energy is generated by elastic deformation of a sucker rod string, fluid backflow in an oil pipe and a collecting and conveying pipeline and fluid pressure difference in the annular space of an oil sleeve pipe generate rapid reverse torque, the reverse torque is transmitted to the hollow transmission shaft 2 to generate rapid reverse rotation, the rapid reverse torque is transmitted to the outer ring of the one-way clutch 3 and drives the driving belt wheel 71 to rotate, the driving belt wheel 71 is transmitted to the hydraulic pump 65 through the belt 72 and the driven belt wheel 73, the hydraulic pump 65 starts to work, the hydraulic pump 65 outputs hydraulic oil through the overflow valve 61 to control the brake calipers 5 to clamp the brake disc 4, the brake disc 4 brakes the reverse rotation of the hollow transmission shaft 2, the hollow transmission shaft gradually decelerates, the hydraulic pump 65 stops working, the brake calipers 5 release the brake disc 4, the hollow transmission shaft 2 continues to rotate at an increased speed under the action of the residual reverse energy, and the whole hydraulic brake system automatically repeats the brake flow, until the release of the stored torque energy from the rod string is complete.
The reversing torque is calculated according to the depth of the oil well on site, the braking pressure is controlled by adjusting the overflow valve 61 to realize slow release of the reversing torque, and potential safety hazards caused by quick release after the brake caliper 5 and the brake disc 4 are locked are prevented.
When field personnel need to maintain or dismantle, the normally closed pressure release valve 64 is opened to thoroughly release the residual energy, and the pressure gauge 62 is observed to return to zero, so that the residual energy stored on the sucker rod string is completely released, the safety is improved, and the potential personal safety hazard brought to the field personnel when the sucker rod slip is dismounted or replaced is avoided.
The conventional hydraulic brake always drives the brake chuck and the hydraulic pump 65 to rotate and work when the rotary power main shaft runs normally, so that the service life of the hydraulic pump 65 is shortened or fails, and the problems of torque release failure and the like are caused; and this embodiment realizes releasing the moment of torsion discontinuously through the linkage of brake disc 4 and hydraulic pump 65, has better shock-absorbing capacity, has improved the life of brake caliper 5, and the security is higher.
Example two
A method of ground drive torque release comprising the steps of:
when the hollow transmission shaft 2 rotates reversely, the one-way clutch 3 drives the hydraulic pump 65 to work, the hydraulic pump 65 outputs hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil controls the brake caliper 5 to clamp the brake disc 4 after passing through the overflow valve 61, the hollow transmission shaft 2 is braked in reverse rotation, the hydraulic pump 65 gradually stops outputting the hydraulic oil along with the deceleration of the hollow transmission shaft 2, the brake caliper 5 releases the brake disc 4, the hollow transmission shaft 2 continues rotating, the hydraulic pump 65 is restarted, the brake caliper 5 clamps the brake disc 4 again, and the braking steps are repeated until the torque energy stored in the sucker rod column is released.
Wherein the reversing torque is calculated according to the depth of the field oil well, and the braking pressure is controlled by adjusting the relief valve 61.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive step, which shall fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A ground drive torque release device, comprising:
the one-way clutch (3), the said one-way clutch (3) is fixed on hollow drive shaft (2);
a brake disc (4), the brake disc (4) being fixed to the one-way clutch (3);
the brake caliper (5) is fixed on the transmission case (11), and the brake disc (4) is movably inserted into the brake caliper (5);
the overflow valve (61), the overflow valve (61) is installed on the transmission case (11), and is connected with the brake caliper (5);
the hydraulic pump (65), the said hydraulic pump (65) is installed on said drive housing (11), and connect with said relief valve (61);
the oil tank (66) is mounted on the transmission case (11) and is respectively connected with the overflow valve (61) and the hydraulic pump (65); and
a connecting device connected with the hollow transmission shaft (2) and the hydraulic pump (65) respectively.
2. A ground drive torque release device according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure relief valve (64), said pressure relief valve (64) being connected to said brake caliper (5) and said oil tank (66), respectively.
3. A ground drive torque release device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a pressure gauge (62), said pressure gauge (62) being fixed to said relief valve (61).
4. A ground drive torque release device as defined in claim 1, wherein said coupling means comprises:
a drive pulley (71), the drive pulley (71) being mounted on the one-way clutch (3);
a driven pulley (73), the driven pulley (73) being mounted on the hydraulic pump (65); and
a belt (72), the belt (72) being connected with the driving pulley (71) and the driven pulley (73), respectively.
5. A ground drive unit torque release device as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a tensioning device, said tensioning device comprising:
a connecting shaft (70), the connecting shaft (70) being connected with the driven pulley (73);
a bearing housing (74), on which bearing housing (74) the connecting shaft (70) is mounted;
the tensioning seat (75), the bearing seat (74) and the hydraulic pump (65) are both mounted on the tensioning seat (75), a tensioning plate (751) is arranged on one side of the tensioning seat (75), and the hydraulic pump (65) is connected with the connecting shaft (70);
the fixing seat (76) is installed on the transmission case (11), two fixing seats (76) are symmetrically arranged, the tensioning seat (75) is movably located at the top of the fixing seat (76), the tensioning plate (751) is arranged opposite to the fixing seat (76), a T-shaped groove (761) and a tensioning screw hole (762) are formed in the fixing seat (76), and the T-shaped groove (761) and the tensioning screw hole (762) are arranged in parallel;
a T-bolt (77), wherein the T-bolt (77) is movably inserted in the T-shaped groove (761) and is connected with the tensioning seat (75);
a tension bolt (78), wherein the tension bolt (78) is installed in the tension screw hole (762) and is movably inserted on the tension plate (751); and
a tensioning nut (79), the tensioning nut (79) being mounted on the tensioning bolt (78) and located between the tensioning plate (751) and the fixed seat (76).
6. A ground drive unit torque release device according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that said brake disc (4) is provided with a number of cooling holes (41).
7. A ground drive unit torque release device according to claim 6, characterized in that said heat dissipation apertures (41) are arranged obliquely.
8. A ground drive torque release device according to claim 6, characterized in that the surface array of the brake disc (4) is provided with a number of friction grooves (42).
9. A method of ground drive torque release comprising the steps of:
when the hollow transmission shaft (2) rotates reversely, the one-way clutch (3) drives the hydraulic pump (65) to work, the hydraulic pump (65) outputs hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil controls the brake caliper (5) to clamp the brake disc (4) after passing through the overflow valve (61), the hollow transmission shaft (2) is braked in reverse rotation, the hydraulic pump (65) gradually stops outputting the hydraulic oil along with the deceleration of the hollow transmission shaft (2), the brake caliper (5) loosens the brake disc (4), the hollow transmission shaft (2) continues to rotate, the hydraulic pump (65) is restarted, the brake caliper (5) clamps the brake disc (4) again, and the braking steps are repeated until the release of the torque energy stored in the sucker rod column is finished.
10. A surface drive torque release method according to claim 9, characterized in that the reversing torque is calculated from the field well depth and the brake pressure is controlled by adjusting the relief valve (61).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111560599.0A CN114060434A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Torque releasing device and releasing method for ground driving device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111560599.0A CN114060434A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Torque releasing device and releasing method for ground driving device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114060434A true CN114060434A (en) | 2022-02-18 |
Family
ID=80229835
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111560599.0A Pending CN114060434A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Torque releasing device and releasing method for ground driving device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114060434A (en) |
-
2021
- 2021-12-20 CN CN202111560599.0A patent/CN114060434A/en active Pending
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