CN114059548A - Slope protection surface layer and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a slope protection surface layer and a construction method thereof, wherein the slope protection surface layer comprises the following components: the surface layer main body is laid on a slope and comprises a waterproof layer, a protective layer and a bearing layer which are sequentially stacked from inside to outside, a plurality of anchoring holes are preset in the surface layer main body, and the anchoring holes penetrate through the waterproof layer, the protective layer and the bearing layer; and the plurality of anchor bolts sequentially penetrate through the bearing layer, the protective layer and the corresponding anchor holes in the waterproof layer and extend into the soil body of the side slope. Through with the bank protection surface course sets to have waterproof, protection and reinforcement function stromatolite structure as an organic whole, can guarantee the stability of foundation ditch side slope better to guarantee the smooth construction of foundation ditch engineering. And, through set up the anchor hole that is used for fixed surface course main part in the surface course main part, can show the efficiency of construction that improves the bank protection surface course, and be difficult to cause the damage to the surface course main part, the recycle of being convenient for avoids the waste of resource.

Description

Slope protection surface layer and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit construction, in particular to a slope protection surface layer and a construction method thereof.

Background

The foundation pit support is a measure for supporting, reinforcing and protecting the side wall of the foundation pit and the surrounding environment in order to ensure the safety of the construction of an underground structure and the surrounding environment of the foundation pit. When the foundation pit engineering adopts a slope-laying method or a soil nailing wall supporting mode, a temporary slope must be provided with a protective surface layer. At present foundation ditch side slope protection surface course mainly adopts reinforcing bar net spray concrete surface course, and the efficiency of construction of traditional bank protection surface course is lower on the one hand, and after slope excavation was repaiied the slope and is accomplished, need on-the-spot ligature reinforcing bar net, then the construction sprays concrete, and the concrete need be maintained several days can possess the effect that intensity formed the bank protection, has prolonged construction period. In addition, the traditional steel bar mesh sprayed concrete surface layer material is difficult to recover, and great resource waste is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a slope protection surface layer and a construction method thereof, which can obviously improve the construction efficiency of the slope protection surface layer, and the surface layer structure can be recycled, thereby reducing the waste of resources.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a revetment mat comprising:

the surface layer main body is laid on a slope and comprises a waterproof layer, a protective layer and a bearing layer which are sequentially stacked from inside to outside, a plurality of anchoring holes are preset in the surface layer main body, and the anchoring holes penetrate through the waterproof layer, the protective layer and the bearing layer;

and the plurality of anchor bolts sequentially penetrate through the bearing layer, the protective layer and the corresponding anchor holes in the waterproof layer and extend into the soil body of the side slope.

Optionally, the waterproof layer is integrated into one piece's rectangular shape structure, the inoxidizing coating is integrated into one piece's rectangular shape structure also, the bearer layer includes polylith carrier block, polylith the carrier block is followed the length direction of inoxidizing coating sets up on the inoxidizing coating, have the clearance between two adjacent carrier blocks, so that the surface course main part can the rolling or expand.

Optionally, the bearing block is square, and the four vertex angles of the bearing block are provided with the anchoring holes.

Optionally, the bearing blocks are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the protective layer.

Optionally, the surface course main part includes the polylith surface course piecemeal, and every surface course piecemeal all includes waterproof piece, protection piece and carrier block, adjacent two the mutual overlap joint of surface course piecemeal.

Optionally, the waterproof block and the protection block have the same size, the size of the bearing block is smaller than that of the protection block, and the waterproof block and the protection block of two adjacent surface layer blocks are mutually overlapped.

Optionally, the surface layer blocks are square, and the four top corners of each surface layer block are provided with the anchoring holes.

Optionally, the anchor is U-shaped, and two sides of an opening end of the anchor respectively penetrate through the anchoring holes in two adjacent bearing blocks, sequentially penetrate through the anchoring holes in the protective layer and the waterproof layer, and then extend into the soil body of the side slope.

Optionally, the circumference of the anchoring hole on the bearing block is provided with an annular reinforcing rib.

Optionally, the bearing layer, the protective layer and the waterproof layer are connected by bonding or sewing.

Based on this, this application still provides a construction method of bank protection surface course, include:

prefabricating a surface layer main body in a factory and conveying the surface layer main body to a construction site;

carrying out layered and segmented excavation on the foundation pit and finishing slope repairing of the side slope;

and paving the surface layer main body on the side slope, and installing anchor bolts at the positions provided with the anchor holes for fixing.

Optionally, the waterproof layer of surface course main part reaches the inoxidizing coating is integrated into one piece's elongated structure, the bearer layer of surface course main part includes polylith bearer block, polylith the bearer block is followed the length direction of inoxidizing coating sets up on the inoxidizing coating, have the clearance between two adjacent bearer blocks, will the surface course main part is mated formation on the slope, the step of fixing is carried out at the local installation anchor that is provided with the anchor hole simultaneously and specifically includes:

and unfolding the surface layer main body along a certain set direction, and installing an anchor nail at a place provided with the anchoring hole for fixing.

Optionally, the surface course main part includes polylith surface course piecemeal, and every surface course piecemeal all includes waterproof piece, protection piece and carrier block, will the surface course main part is mated formation on the side slope, is provided with the local installation anchor in anchor hole simultaneously and carries out fixed step and specifically includes:

and overlapping the waterproof blocks and the protective blocks of the two adjacent surface layers, and installing an anchor in the place provided with the anchoring hole for fixing.

Optionally, after the facing main body is paved on the slope and anchors are installed at the positions where the anchor holes are formed for fixing, the construction method of the slope protection facing further includes:

and after the foundation pit engineering is finished, pulling out the anchor bolts, removing the surface layer main body, and backfilling the slope.

The invention provides a slope protection surface layer and a construction method thereof, wherein the slope protection surface layer comprises the following components: the surface layer main body is laid on a slope and comprises a waterproof layer, a protective layer and a bearing layer which are sequentially stacked from inside to outside, a plurality of anchoring holes are preset in the surface layer main body, and the anchoring holes penetrate through the waterproof layer, the protective layer and the bearing layer; and the plurality of anchor bolts sequentially penetrate through the bearing layer, the protective layer and the corresponding anchor holes in the waterproof layer and extend into the soil body of the side slope. Through with the bank protection surface course sets to have waterproof, protection and reinforcement function stromatolite structure as an organic whole, can guarantee the stability of foundation ditch side slope better to guarantee the smooth construction of foundation ditch engineering. And, through set up the anchor hole that is used for fixed surface course main part in the surface course main part, can show the efficiency of construction that improves the bank protection surface course, and be difficult to cause the damage to the surface course main part, the recycle of being convenient for avoids the waste of resource.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of a slope protection surface layer according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating installation of a slope protection surface layer according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of an annular reinforcing rib provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a front view of a slope protection surface layer provided by the second embodiment of the invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating installation of a slope protection surface layer according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

wherein the reference numerals are:

10-a facing body; 11-a waterproof layer; 12-a protective layer; 13-a carrier layer; 20-an anchor hole; 30-U-shaped anchor; 31-end anchor; 40-annular reinforcing ribs; 50-surface layer partitioning; 51-a waterproof block; 52-a guard block; 53-carrying block.

Detailed Description

The following describes in more detail embodiments of the present invention with reference to the schematic drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a slope protection surface layer, including:

the surface layer main body 10 is laid on a slope and comprises a waterproof layer 11, a protective layer 12 and a bearing layer 13 which are sequentially stacked from inside to outside, a plurality of anchoring holes 20 are preset on the surface layer main body 10, and the anchoring holes 20 penetrate through the waterproof layer 11, the protective layer 12 and the bearing layer 13;

and the plurality of anchor bolts sequentially penetrate through the bearing layer 13, the protective layer 12 and the corresponding anchor holes 20 on the waterproof layer 11 and extend into the soil body of the side slope.

Specifically, the slope protection surface course is laminated structure, includes waterproof layer 11, inoxidizing coating 12 and the bearer layer 13 that piles up in proper order from inside to outside, waterproof layer 11 with the surface laminating of side slope for prevent that surface water or rainwater from scouring the soil body, cause the soil body to collapse, influence foundation ditch supporting. The inoxidizing coating 12 is used for the protection waterproof layer 11 avoids destroying, the bearer layer 13 is used for consolidating the surface, prevents that constructor from influencing the stability of bank protection and avoiding causing destruction to waterproof layer 11 when walking on the bank protection. Through with the bank protection surface course sets to have waterproof, protection and reinforced function stromatolite structure as an organic whole, can guarantee the stability of foundation ditch side slope better to guarantee the smooth construction of foundation ditch engineering.

In this embodiment, the waterproof layer 11 may be a waterproof film, a waterproof board or other flexible waterproof materials. The number of the layers can be one layer or multiple layers, and the layers can be selected according to construction environment and construction conditions.

The protective layer 12 is made of anti-puncture geotextile or other materials with anti-puncture functions. The number of which may be one layer or a plurality of layers. Alternatively, the waterproof layer 11 and the protective layer 12 may be made of a waterproof roll material having a puncture-proof function, which is not limited in this application.

The bearing layer 13 can be made of glass fiber geogrid, steel-plastic geogrid, plastic geogrid or other net geogrid with bidirectional stress capability. The carrier layer 13 may be provided in one layer or in multiple layers. The glass fiber geogrid, the steel-plastic geogrid and the plastic geogrid are all geogrids, and the geogrids are formed into composite high-strength tensile strips by extrusion through special treatment of high-strength steel wires (or other fibers), Polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) and addition of other additives. The bearing has the advantages of high strength, small creep, adaptability to various environmental soils, capability of effectively improving the interlocking and meshing effects of the bearing surface, greatly enhancing the bearing capacity of the foundation, effectively restraining the lateral displacement of the soil body and enhancing the stability of the foundation. The bidirectional stressed net-shaped geotechnical barrier is formed by extruding, forming a plate, punching and then longitudinally and transversely stretching high molecular polymers. The high-strength concrete slope has great tensile strength in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, and can greatly increase the bearing capacity of the slope. Therefore, it can be selected according to specific construction conditions.

In this embodiment, the bearing layer 13, the protective layer 12 and the waterproof layer 11 are connected by bonding or sewing. The accessible is prefabricated in the mill, then with prefabricated surface course main part 10 transport to the construction site installation anchor nail can, improve the installation effectiveness on slope protection surface course. It should be understood that the bearing layer 13, the protective layer 12 and the waterproof layer 11 may also be connected in other ways, which is not limited in this application.

Referring to fig. 2, the waterproof layer 11 is an integrally formed strip-shaped structure, the protective layer 12 is also an integrally formed strip-shaped structure, the bearing layer 13 includes a plurality of bearing blocks, the bearing blocks are arranged on the protective layer 12 along the length direction of the protective layer 12, and a gap is formed between two adjacent bearing blocks. It can be understood that the waterproof layer 11 and the protective layer 12 have a large size, and can directly cover the side slope along a certain set direction of the side slope, and can be directly rolled up after being prefabricated and formed in a factory so as to be conveniently transported to a construction site. Need install direct whole spread during the bank protection surface course can, simple and convenient, the installation effectiveness is high. Of course, if the size of the facing body 10 is too large, trimming can be performed, and if it is too small, additional splicing can be performed. In addition, the surface layer main body 10 can be rolled up better by having a gap between two adjacent bearing blocks. In this embodiment, the surface layer main body may be laid along the length direction of the side slope, may be laid along the width direction of the side slope, or may be adjusted to a direction suitable for laying according to the structure of the side slope.

In this embodiment, the bearing block is square, and the four top corners of the bearing block are provided with the anchoring holes 20. The stability of the facing body 10 in the installation on the side slope is improved by providing anchor holes 20 at the four top corners of each bearing block. It should be understood that the waterproof layer 11 and the protective layer 12 are also provided with anchoring holes 20 at positions corresponding to the anchoring holes 20 on the bearing block, so that the anchoring holes 20 penetrate through the waterproof layer 11, the protective layer 12 and the bearing layer 13, and penetrate through the bearing layer 13, the protective layer 12 and the corresponding anchoring holes 20 on the waterproof layer 11 in sequence by anchoring bolts and extend into the soil mass of the slope for fixing. Of course, the number of the anchoring holes 20 and the distribution of the anchoring holes 20 are not limited in any way by the present application.

Furthermore, the bearing blocks are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the side slope. The bearing blocks are arranged at equal intervals so as to be connected with each other and facilitate the rolling of the surface layer main body 10. Of course, the bearing blocks may not be arranged at equal intervals, and the application is not limited.

Referring to fig. 3, the circumference of the anchoring hole 20 on the bearing block is provided with an annular reinforcing rib 40 to prevent the anchoring hole 20 from being damaged due to stress concentration, thereby increasing the strength of the anchoring hole 20. Because the cost of the bearing layer 13 is high, the service life of the bearing layer 13 can be prolonged by arranging the anchoring holes 20 and the annular reinforcing ribs 40, so that the bearing layer 13 is convenient to recycle, and the construction cost is saved.

In this embodiment, the anchor is U-shaped, and two sides of the open end of the anchor respectively penetrate through the anchoring holes 20 on two adjacent bearing blocks, and sequentially penetrate through the anchoring holes 20 on the protective layer 12 and the waterproof layer 11 and then extend into the soil body of the side slope. By using U-shaped anchors to connect adjacent carrier blocks, the integrity of the facing body 10 is better, and each carrier block is connected by four anchors, which provides better stability.

Referring to fig. 1, the connecting anchor between two adjacent bearing blocks is a U-shaped anchor 30, the end surface layer is fixed by an end anchor 31, the anchor can be made of Q235B grade steel or other materials, and the depth of the anchor inserted into the foundation pit slope soil is not less than 300 mm.

Based on this, this application still provides a construction method of bank protection surface course, include:

step S1: prefabricating a surface layer main body in a factory and conveying the surface layer main body to a construction site;

step S2: carrying out layered and segmented excavation on the foundation pit and finishing slope repairing of the side slope;

step S3: and paving the surface layer main body on the side slope, and installing anchor bolts at the positions provided with the anchor holes for fixing.

First, step S1 is executed to pre-fabricate the slope protection surface layer in the factory, and then to transport the slope protection surface layer to the construction site for installation after rolling.

And step S2 is executed, the foundation pit is excavated in a layered and segmented manner, the slope repairing of the side slope is completed, the surrounding environment is checked before the foundation pit is excavated, the potential safety hazard is ensured not to exist, the unsafe factors of the construction environment are closely observed during construction, and safety protection measures are carefully made. The flatness, the gradient and the like of the slope are ensured, the slope can be repaired in time after the foundation pit is excavated, and the problem that the stability of the foundation pit slope is damaged due to long-time open or rain is avoided.

And step S3 is executed, because the foundation pit is excavated by adopting a layered and segmented mode, the surface layer main body can be paved from top to bottom, the surface layer main body is unfolded along the length direction of the side slope and paved on the side slope, and the anchor bolts are installed at the positions provided with the anchor holes for fixing while the surface layer main body is unfolded. Certainly, if the degree of depth of foundation ditch is less, once only dig after, also can with the surface course main part is followed the width direction of side slope is expanded and is mated formation on the side slope, this application is to the direction of lay of surface course main part does not make any restriction.

After the step S3 is performed, the construction method of the slope protection surface layer further includes: and after the foundation pit engineering is finished, pulling out the anchor bolts, removing the surface layer main body, and backfilling the slope. And after the foundation pit engineering is finished, sequentially pulling out the ground studs from bottom to top and dismantling the surface layer main body. After the slope protection surface layer is recovered, whether the slope protection surface layer can be reused or not is considered according to the integrity degree of the slope protection surface layer, generally, the protective layer and the waterproof layer can be damaged and cannot be reused, and the bearing layer can be detached and bonded with a new waterproof layer and a new protective layer again so as to be convenient for next use.

Example two

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, different from the waterproof layer and the protective layer integrally formed in the first embodiment, the surface layer main body of the second embodiment is a lap joint structure, the surface layer main body includes a plurality of surface layer blocks 50, each surface layer block 50 includes a waterproof block 51, a protective block 52 and a bearing block 53, and two adjacent surface layer blocks 50 are overlapped with each other. Can be in other words at prefabricated a plurality of standardized surface course piecemeals 50 of mill, then transport the scene carry on the overlap joint become whole can, the flexibility ratio is than higher, can carry out the scene overlap joint according to the demand, can realize the prefabrication, the standardization and the assembly of bank protection surface course, have stronger practicality.

In this embodiment, the waterproof block 51 and the protective block 52 have the same size, the bearing block 53 has a size smaller than that of the protective block 52, and the waterproof block 51 and the protective block 52 of two adjacent surface layer sub-blocks 50 are overlapped with each other. By making the size of the bearing block 53 smaller than that of the shielding block 52, two adjacent surface layer sub-blocks 50 can be overlapped, the height after overlapping is reduced, and meanwhile, two adjacent surface layer sub-blocks 50 can be connected through an anchor bolt conveniently.

In this embodiment, the surface layer block 50 has a square shape, and the four corners of each surface layer block 50 are provided with the anchoring holes 20 to better fix the surface layer block 50. The anchor bolts are U-shaped, two sides of the opening ends of the anchor bolts respectively penetrate through the anchoring holes 20 in the two adjacent bearing blocks 53, sequentially penetrate through the anchoring holes 20 in the protective blocks 52 and the waterproof blocks 51 and then extend into the soil body of the side slope. The body of the facing is made more integral by using U-shaped anchors to facilitate the joining of adjacent facing segments 50.

Similarly, the present application further provides a method for constructing a slope protection surface course according to the second embodiment, which is different from the method for constructing a slope protection surface course according to the first embodiment in that in step S3, the surface course body is paved on the side slope, and an anchor is installed at a position where the anchor hole is formed to fix the surface course body, and in the second embodiment, after steps S1 to S2 are performed, the specific steps of S3 are:

and overlapping the waterproof blocks and the protective blocks of the two adjacent surface layers, and installing an anchor in the place provided with the anchoring hole for fixing. The adjacent surface course piecemeal of limit overlap joint promptly, the limit is fixed through the anchor, realizes the prefabricated installation of bank protection surface course. It should be understood that a plurality of the facing segments may overlap along the length of the slope, along the width of the slope, or in other orientations, as the present application is not limited in this respect.

To sum up, the embodiment of the invention provides a slope protection surface layer and a construction method thereof, wherein the slope protection surface layer comprises: the surface layer main body is laid on a slope and comprises a waterproof layer, a protective layer and a bearing layer which are sequentially stacked from inside to outside, a plurality of anchoring holes are preset in the surface layer main body, and the anchoring holes penetrate through the waterproof layer, the protective layer and the bearing layer; and the plurality of anchor bolts sequentially penetrate through the bearing layer, the protective layer and the corresponding anchor holes in the waterproof layer and extend into the soil body of the side slope. Through with the bank protection surface course sets to have waterproof, protection and reinforcement function stromatolite structure as an organic whole, can guarantee the stability of foundation ditch side slope better to guarantee the smooth construction of foundation ditch engineering. And, through set up the anchor hole that is used for fixed surface course main part in the surface course main part, can show the efficiency of construction that improves the bank protection surface course, and be difficult to cause the damage to the surface course main part, the recycle of being convenient for avoids the waste of resource.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (14)

1. The utility model provides a bank protection surface course which characterized in that includes:

the surface layer main body is laid on a slope and comprises a waterproof layer, a protective layer and a bearing layer which are sequentially stacked from inside to outside, a plurality of anchoring holes are preset in the surface layer main body, and the anchoring holes penetrate through the waterproof layer, the protective layer and the bearing layer;

and the plurality of anchor bolts sequentially penetrate through the bearing layer, the protective layer and the corresponding anchor holes in the waterproof layer and extend into the soil body of the side slope.

2. The slope protection surface course of claim 1, wherein the waterproof layer is an integrally formed strip structure, the protective layer is also an integrally formed strip structure, the bearing layer comprises a plurality of bearing blocks, the bearing blocks are arranged on the protective layer along the length direction of the protective layer, and a gap is formed between two adjacent bearing blocks, so that the surface course main body can be rolled or unfolded.

3. The revetment deck of claim 2, wherein the blocks are square and the anchor holes are provided at all four corners of the blocks.

4. The revetment deck of claim 2, wherein a plurality of said blocks are positioned at equal intervals along the length of said armor layer.

5. The revetment deck of claim 1, wherein said deck body comprises a plurality of deck segments, each deck segment comprising a waterproof block, a protective block, and a carrier block, two adjacent deck segments overlapping each other.

6. The revetment deck of claim 5, wherein the waterproof blocks are the same size as the protective blocks, the bearing blocks are smaller than the protective blocks, and the waterproof blocks and the protective blocks of two adjacent deck segments overlap each other.

7. The revetment deck of claim 5, wherein said deck segments are square in shape and wherein four corners of each of said deck segments are provided with said anchor holes.

8. The slope protection surface course of claim 2 or 5, wherein the anchor is U-shaped, two sides of the open end of the anchor respectively penetrate through the anchoring holes on two adjacent bearing blocks, and the anchor sequentially penetrates through the anchoring holes on the protective layer and the waterproof layer and then extends into the soil body of the side slope.

9. The revetment deck of claim 1, wherein the anchor holes of the blocks are provided with circumferential reinforcement ribs.

10. The revetment surface of claim 1, wherein the carrier layer, the protective layer and the waterproof layer are attached by bonding or sewing.

11. A construction method of a slope protection face layer according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising:

prefabricating a surface layer main body in a factory and conveying the surface layer main body to a construction site;

carrying out layered and segmented excavation on the foundation pit and finishing slope repairing of the side slope;

and paving the surface layer main body on the side slope, and installing anchor bolts at the positions provided with the anchor holes for fixing.

12. The construction method of a slope protection surface course according to claim 11, wherein the waterproof layer of the surface course main body and the protective layer are both of an integrally formed strip structure, the bearing layer of the surface course main body includes a plurality of bearing blocks, the plurality of bearing blocks are arranged on the protective layer along the length direction of the protective layer, a gap is formed between two adjacent bearing blocks, the surface course main body is paved on the slope, and the step of installing anchors at the positions where the anchor holes are formed to fix the surface course main body specifically includes:

and unfolding the surface layer main body along a certain set direction of the side slope, and installing an anchor in a place provided with an anchoring hole for fixing.

13. The construction method of a slope protection surface course according to claim 11, wherein the surface course main body includes a plurality of surface course blocks, each surface course block includes a waterproof block, a protective block and a bearing block, the step of paving the surface course main body on the slope, and the step of installing anchors at the positions where the anchor holes are formed to fix the anchor holes specifically includes:

and overlapping the waterproof blocks and the protective blocks of the two adjacent surface layers, and installing an anchor in the place provided with the anchoring hole for fixing.

14. The method of constructing a slope protection surface according to claim 11, wherein the surface body is paved on the slope, and after fixing the anchor bolts at the positions where the anchor bolts are provided, the method of constructing a slope protection surface further comprises:

and after the foundation pit engineering is finished, pulling out the anchor bolts, removing the surface layer main body, and backfilling the slope.

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