CN114058927B - Production method of high-phosphorus peritectic steel - Google Patents

Production method of high-phosphorus peritectic steel Download PDF

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CN114058927B
CN114058927B CN202111235260.3A CN202111235260A CN114058927B CN 114058927 B CN114058927 B CN 114058927B CN 202111235260 A CN202111235260 A CN 202111235260A CN 114058927 B CN114058927 B CN 114058927B
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tapping
phosphorus
slag
blowing
added
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CN114058927A (en
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林鹏
张洪才
郑力宁
翟万里
左辉
印传磊
许正周
李润
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Jiangsu Lihuai Steel Co ltd
Jiangsu Shagang Group Huaigang Special Steel Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Lihuai Steel Co ltd
Jiangsu Shagang Group Huaigang Special Steel Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C33/00Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/22Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
    • B22D11/225Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould for secondary cooling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/02Dephosphorising or desulfurising
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/064Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/072Treatment with gases
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/076Use of slags or fluxes as treating agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

Abstract

The invention discloses a production method of high-phosphorus peritectic steel, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.090-0.110% of C, 0.37-0.42% of Si, 0.48-0.53% of Mn0.082-0.088% of P, 0.018-0.022% of S, 0.005-0.009% of Al, 0.36-0.42% of Cu, 0.42-0.48% of Cr0.20-0.24% of Ni, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; KR desulfurization: KR stirring and desulfurizing the molten iron, wherein S in the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.003 percent after slagging-off and desulfurizing; smelting in a converter: adding nickel plates, pure copper and scrap steel according to the amount of molten iron and the smelting iron loss; tapping phosphorus is 0.075-0.100%, tapping temperature is 1700-1720 ℃, and converter blowing is carried out for 13-15min; the continuous casting adopts a 200X 200mm square billet arc continuous casting machine for casting, and the strong cooling and slow drawing continuous casting process is carried out for production.

Description

Production method of high-phosphorus peritectic steel
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of steel grade production for vehicles, bridges, containers and the like exposed to the atmosphere for a long time, in particular to a production method of high-phosphorus peritectic steel.
Background
High-phosphorus peritectic steel requires high phosphorus content and high continuous casting billet quality control, and firstly, the converter has serious dephosphorization in the smelting process, the phosphorus content of molten iron cannot be fully reserved, and the high-phosphorus peritectic steel needs to be refined and added later; secondly, because the phosphorus and copper content of the steel is high, and the steel is positioned in the peritectic steel range, the crack sensitivity is strong, if the cooling strength is too strong, surface cracks are easy to generate, and longitudinal cracks can be seriously caused, and if the cooling strength is too weak, phosphorus segregation and internal crack defects can be caused in the solidification process. The prior art has low temperature in the converter before turning, high alkalinity and good dephosphorization effect, and can not retain the original phosphorus element; the tapping temperature is low, lime and common refining slag are used for slagging in the tapping process, the slagging effect is poor, components cannot be uniform after alloy is added, the refining furnace is required to be heated and stirred, and the control effects in the aspects of molten steel temperature, slag system, component adjustment, inclusion floating removal and the like are achieved. In the continuous casting process, common low-carbon steel casting powder and a small-taper copper pipe are adopted, the production of a weak cold continuous casting process is carried out, and serious depressions and surface cracks exist on the surface of a continuous casting billet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a production method of high-phosphorus peritectic steel, which can fully reserve the phosphorus content of molten iron in the smelting process of a converter, does not need to be supplemented in later refining, and can overcome the defects of serious depression and surface cracks on the surface of a continuous casting billet.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the production method of the high-phosphorus peritectic steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.090-0.110% of C, 0.37-0.42% of Si, 0.48-0.53% of Mn0.082-0.088% of P, 0.018-0.022% of S, 0.005-0.009% of Al, 0.36-0.42% of Cu, 0.42-0.48% of Cr0.20-0.24% of Ni, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities;
the method comprises the following steps:
1) KR desulfurization: KR stirring and desulfurizing the molten iron, wherein S in the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.003 percent after slagging-off and desulfurizing;
2) smelting in a converter: adding nickel plates, pure copper and scrap steel according to the amount of molten iron and the smelting iron loss;
3) controlling the lance position and bottom blowing stirring in the converter blowing process;
4) tapping is finished after converter blowing, and alloy, deoxidizing agent and refined synthetic slag are added during tapping to perform deoxidation alloying and slagging;
5) the ladle is subjected to bottom blowing and large stirring in the tapping process;
tapping phosphorus is 0.075-0.100%, tapping temperature is 1700-1720 ℃, and converter blowing is carried out for 13-15min;
6) alloy is added according to the detection result after tapping, the ingredients are stirred for 10min uniformly by bottom blowing of the ladle, then soft blowing is carried out for 20min, and molten steel is transferred to a continuous casting machine after the soft blowing is finished;
7) the continuous casting adopts a 200 multiplied by 200mm square billet arc continuous casting machine for casting, and the strong cooling slow drawing continuous casting process is carried out for production, namely: the amount of primary cooling water is set to 150m3H, setting the specific water amount of secondary cooling water to be 0.60L/kg, setting the pulling speed to be 1.20m/min, setting the electromagnetic stirring parameters of the crystallizer to be 250A/4 Hz: parameters of the electromagnetic stirring at the tail end: 60A/7 Hz.
According to a further improvement scheme of the invention, in the step 3), in the initial stage of converter blowing, the carbon-oxygen reaction temperature rise is carried out by adopting a low lance position to inhibit dephosphorization, and the bottom blowing flow is set to be 20-30 Nm3H is used as the reference value. In the step 3), the alkalinity of the slag is controlled to be 1.5-2.5.
According to a further improvement scheme of the invention, in the step 4), alloy, deoxidizer and refined synthetic slag are added for deoxidation alloying and slagging, common 75% ferrosilicon alloy is added into a ladle in advance before tapping, 500kg of refined synthetic slag is added when 35t of tapping is performed, 30kg of aluminum cake is added when 45t of tapping is performed, and then carburant and alloy are added. The addition amount of the alloy is that according to the oxygen content measured by a sublance TSO, the [ O ] is less than or equal to 1000ppm, and the ferrosilicon is added by 550 kg; 1000< [ O ] is less than or equal to 1500 ppm, and 620kg of ferrosilicon is added.
The refining synthetic slag is based on CaO-SiO2-CaF2The ternary slag system is designed into the refining slag with the characteristics of low melting point, good slag melting and no slag blocks, and the components of the refining slag comprise, by mass, 52-54% of CaO and 27-28% of SiO2、16~18%CaF2、0.1~0.2%Al2O3、0.04~0.05%TiO2、0.08~0.09%S、0.2~0.3%MgO、0.06~0.07%H2O and 0.2 to 0.3% TFe.
In the step 5), the bottom blowing flow rate is set to 800-1000 Nm3And h, melting the alloy and melting slag.
In the step 6), the ingredients are uniformly mixed for 10min by bottom blowing and large stirring, and the bottom blowing flow is set to be 300-500 Nm3H; soft blowing for 20min, with the soft blowing flow rate set to 100Nm3And the molten steel is ensured not to be exposed below the hour.
In the step 7), special casting powder and a copper pipe are used, wherein the alkalinity of the special casting powder is 1.3, the viscosity/1300 ℃ is 0.28Pa.s, the length of the copper pipe is 900mm, the R angle is 16mm, and the taper is 2.6 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the molten steel is stirred and desulfurized by adopting molten iron KR, a nickel plate, pure copper and high-quality scrap steel are added into a converter for smelting, the molten steel is rapidly heated through violent carbon-oxygen reaction in the early stage of converter blowing, and simultaneously, the slag structure is adjusted to reduce the alkalinity of slag, so that the dephosphorization of the molten steel is reduced and the temperature of the molten steel is increased. The ladle is stirred by using different bottom blowing flow rates from the tapping process to the continuous casting process, and the control of the aspects of molten steel temperature, slag system, component adjustment, floating and removing of impurities and the like is carried out. The continuous casting uses special covering slag and copper pipes, and executes the production of a strong cooling and slow drawing continuous casting process, thereby realizing the control of the internal and external quality of a continuous casting billet of 200 x 200 mm. Thereby effectively reducing the production process, shortening the production time of the whole flow and reducing the production cost.
Firstly, the production method of the high-phosphorus peritectic steel realizes the control of high phosphorus and high temperature of the converter molten steel by utilizing the rapid temperature rise of the carbon-oxygen reaction of the converter and the inhibition of the dephosphorization reaction of the low-alkalinity slag on the premise of not adding extra phosphorus element.
Secondly, the method for producing the high-phosphorus peritectic steel utilizes high-temperature molten iron, self-made refined synthetic slag and reasonable ladle bottom blowing stirring to control the aspects of molten steel temperature, slag system, component adjustment, inclusion floating removal and the like, effectively reduces refining procedures, shortens the production time of the whole flow by 25min, reduces industrial electricity consumption, electrode consumption, material corrosion resistance and argon consumption, and saves production cost.
Thirdly, the production method of the high-phosphorus peritectic steel utilizes the special crystallizer covering slag and the copper pipe to produce the high-phosphorus peritectic steel continuous casting billet with qualified surface and internal quality under the conditions of continuous casting strong cooling and slow drawing production process, reduces the scrappage of the continuous casting billet, saves the production process cost and provides high-quality raw materials for the subsequent process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a macroscopic electron microscope image of the surface of a continuous casting slab in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a low power electron microscope image of a section of a continuous casting slab in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a microscopic image of the surface of the slab of example 2;
FIG. 4 is a low power electron microscope image of a section of a continuous casting slab in example 2;
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is explained in detail by the following embodiments.
Example 1/2, the mold flux for casting used a special mold flux having basicity of 1.3, viscosity/1300 ℃ of 0.28pa.s, copper tube length of 900mm, R angle of 16mm, and taper of 2.6mm, and copper tube.
Example 1
Sulfur content of molten iron after KR desulfurization and slagging-offThe steel ladle is added with 620kg of ferrosilicon in advance after TSO measures the oxygen content to be 1080ppm in the early stage of tapping, the converter tapping P =0.082%, the tapping temperature is 1711 ℃, and the slag alkalinity is 2.36. Bottom blowing argon flow rate 920 Nm in the tapping process3Per hour, 500kg of refined synthetic slag (52.86 percent of CaO, 27.31 percent of SiO) is added in sequence during the tapping process2、17.41%CaF2、0.19%Al2O3 、0.045%TiO2、0.081%S、0.24%MgO、0.07%H2O, 0.23% TFe), 30kg of aluminum cake, 745kg of ferromanganese and 790kg of ferrochrome. After the steel tapping is finished, setting the bottom blowing flow of the ladle to 380Nm3Stirring for 10min to homogenize the components, visually observing the exposed diameter of molten steel to be about 480mm, and then setting the bottom blowing flow to be 80Nm3H,; stirring for 20min by soft blowing, and leaving the molten steel unexposed. After the soft blowing is finished, the mixture is transported to continuous casting to be cast into square billets of 200 multiplied by 200mm, and the water amount of the primary cooling water is 147-153 m in the continuous casting process3H fluctuation, the specific water amount of secondary cooling water is set to be 0.60L/kg, the pulling speed is 1.20m/min, the electromagnetic stirring parameters of the crystallizer are 250A/4 Hz: terminal electromagnetic stirring parameters: 60A/7Hz, and the superheat degree is 25-30 ℃.
The final product C =0.103%, Si =0.41%, Mn =0.52%, P =0.084%, S =0.020%, Al =0.006%, Cu =0.38%, Cr =0.43%, Ni =0.23%, W =0.004%, Mo =0.007%, V =0.007%, Ti =0.003%, Nb =0.0015%, B =0.0003%, Ca =0.0007%, Zn =0.0013%, As =0.0070%, Sn =0.0030%, Pb =0.0001%, Sb =0.0007%, Bi =0.0011%, with the balance being iron.
The low-power inspection results of the continuous casting billet are shown in figures 1 and 2, no obvious crack defects exist on the surface and inside of the continuous casting billet, and no crack defects are found when the shot blasting magnetic powder inspection is carried out on the surface of the continuous casting billet.
Example 2
After molten iron KR is desulfurized and slag-removed, the sulfur content is 0.0023 percent, 83t molten iron and 15t self-production scrap steel are added into a converter, 228kg nickel plates and 364kg pure copper are added along with the scrap steel, after the oxygen content is measured by TSO in the earlier stage of tapping is 985ppm, 550kg ferrosilicon is added into a ladle in advance, the converter taps P =0.087 percent, the tapping temperature is 1703 percent, and the slag alkalinity is 2.95. Bottom blowing argon flow rate is 900 Nm in the tapping process3Per hour, 500kg of refined synthetic slag (53.06% CaO, 27.18% in turn) is added in the tapping processSiO2、17.79%CaF2、0.12%Al2O3 、0.043%TiO2、0.084%S、0.27%MgO、0.07%H2O, 0.28% TFe), 30kg of aluminum cake, 720kg of ferromanganese and 770kg of ferrochrome. After the steel tapping is finished, the bottom blowing flow of the ladle is set to 350Nm3Stirring for 10min to homogenize the components, visually observing the exposed diameter of molten steel to about 450mm, and setting the bottom blowing flow to 75Nm3H,; stirring for 20min by soft blowing, and leaving the molten steel unexposed. After the soft blowing is finished, the mixture is transported to continuous casting to be cast into square billets of 200 multiplied by 200mm, and the water amount of the primary cooling water is 146-153 m in the continuous casting process3H fluctuation, the specific water amount of secondary cooling water is set to be 0.60L/kg, the pulling speed is 1.20m/min, the electromagnetic stirring parameters of the crystallizer are 250A/4 Hz: terminal electromagnetic stirring parameters: 60A/7Hz, and the superheat degree is 25-30 ℃.
The final finished product C =0.107%, Si =0.38%, Mn =0.49%, P =0.086%, S =0.021%, Al =0.008%, Cu =0.41%, Cr =0.47%, Ni =0.21%, W =0.002%, Mo =0.006%, V =0.002%, Ti =0.002%, Nb =0.0006%, B =0.0004%, Ca =0.0014%, Zn =0.0026%, As =0.0065%, Sn =0.0029%, Pb =0.0010%, Sb =0.0032%, Bi =0.0015%, and the balance being iron.
The low-power inspection result of the continuous casting blank is shown in figure 2, no obvious crack defects exist on the surface and inside of the continuous casting blank, and no crack defect is found when the shot blasting magnetic powder inspection is carried out on the surface of the continuous casting blank.

Claims (6)

1. The production method of the high-phosphorus peritectic steel is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.090-0.110% of C, 0.37-0.42% of Si, 0.48-0.53% of Mn0.082-0.088% of P, 0.018-0.022% of S, 0.005-0.009% of Al, 0.36-0.42% of Cu, 0.42-0.48% of Cr0.20-0.24% of Ni, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities;
the method comprises the following steps:
1) KR desulfurization: KR stirring and desulfurizing the molten iron, wherein S in the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.003 percent after slagging-off and desulfurizing;
2) smelting in a converter: adding nickel plates, pure copper and scrap steel according to the amount of molten iron and the smelting iron loss;
3) controlling the lance position and bottom blowing stirring in the converter blowing process;
4) tapping is finished after converter blowing, and alloy, deoxidizing agent and refined synthetic slag are added during tapping to perform deoxidation alloying and slagging;
5) the ladle is subjected to bottom blowing and large stirring in the tapping process; tapping phosphorus is 0.075-0.100%, tapping temperature is 1700-1720 ℃, and converter blowing is carried out for 13-15min;
6) alloy is added according to the detection result after tapping, the ingredients are stirred for 10min uniformly by bottom blowing of the ladle, then soft blowing is carried out for 20min, and molten steel is transferred to a continuous casting machine after the soft blowing is finished;
7) the continuous casting adopts a 200 multiplied by 200mm square billet arc continuous casting machine for casting, and the strong cooling slow drawing continuous casting process is carried out for production, namely: the amount of primary cooling water is set to 150m3The specific water amount of secondary cooling water is set to be 0.60L/kg, the pulling speed is 1.20m/min, and the electromagnetic stirring parameters of the crystallizer are 250A/4 Hz: parameters of the electromagnetic stirring at the tail end: 60A/7 Hz;
in the step 3), at the initial stage of converter blowing, a low lance position is adopted for carbon-oxygen reaction temperature rise to inhibit dephosphorization, and the bottom blowing flow is set to be 20-30 Nm3The alkalinity of the slag is controlled to be 1.5-2.5;
in the step 7), special casting powder and a copper pipe are used, wherein the alkalinity of the special casting powder is 1.3, the viscosity/1300 ℃ is 0.28Pa.s, the length of the copper pipe is 900mm, the R angle is 16mm, and the taper is 2.6 mm.
2. The production method of high-phosphorus peritectic steel according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: in the step 4), alloy, deoxidizing agent and refining synthetic slag are added for deoxidizing alloying and slagging, common 75% ferrosilicon alloy is added into a ladle in advance before tapping, 500kg refining synthetic slag is added when 35t tapping is performed, 30kg aluminum cake is added when 45t tapping is performed, and then carburant and alloy are added.
3. The production method of high-phosphorus peritectic steel according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 4), the addition amount of the alloy is 550kg of ferrosilicon according to the oxygen content measured by a sublance TSO, wherein [ O ] is less than or equal to 1000 ppm; 1000< [ O ] is less than or equal to 1500 ppm, and 620kg of ferrosilicon is added.
4. The production method of high-phosphorus peritectic steel according to claim 1,the method is characterized in that: in the step 4), the refining synthetic slag is prepared according to CaO-SiO2-CaF2The ternary slag system is designed into the refining slag with the characteristics of low melting point, good slag melting and no slag blocks, and the components of the refining slag comprise, by mass, 52-54% of CaO and 27-28% of SiO2、16 ~ 18%CaF2、0.1 ~ 0.2%Al2O3、0.04 ~ 0.05%TiO2、0.08 ~ 0.09%S、0.2 ~ 0.3%MgO、0.06 ~ 0.07%H2O and 0.2 to 0.3% TFe.
5. The production method of high-phosphorus peritectic steel according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 5), the bottom blowing flow rate is set to 800-1000 Nm3And h, melting the alloy and melting slag.
6. The production method of high-phosphorus peritectic steel according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: in the step 6), the components are uniformly mixed by bottom blowing for 10min, and the bottom blowing flow is set to be 300-500 Nm3H; soft blowing for 20min, with the soft blowing flow rate set to 100Nm3And the molten steel is ensured not to be exposed below the hour.
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