CN114058910A - Composite inoculant for high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy structure refinement - Google Patents

Composite inoculant for high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy structure refinement Download PDF

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CN114058910A
CN114058910A CN202111418288.0A CN202111418288A CN114058910A CN 114058910 A CN114058910 A CN 114058910A CN 202111418288 A CN202111418288 A CN 202111418288A CN 114058910 A CN114058910 A CN 114058910A
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zinc
inoculant
aluminum alloy
damping
composite inoculant
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CN114058910B (en
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王清周
张建军
殷福星
余晖
冀璞光
焦志娴
刘力
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Hebei University of Technology
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
    • C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
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Abstract

The invention relates to a compound inoculant for high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy structure refinement. The inoculant comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 18-23% of Ni, 4-6% of Ti and the balance of Al; respectively reacting Ni and Ti with Al in situ to generate Al3Ni、Al3Two kinds of Ti particles. The Al is3Ni、Al3The size of the Ti particles is submicron to micron. The composite inoculant can effectively refine the structure of the zinc-aluminum alloy, can obviously improve the strength, plasticity and damping performance of the refined zinc-aluminum alloy, and overcomes the defects that the existing refiner has insufficient refining degree on the zinc-aluminum alloy, the preparation process of the inoculant is complex, the improvement on the mechanical performance of the refined zinc-aluminum alloy is limited, and the like.

Description

Composite inoculant for high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy structure refinement
Technical Field
The technical scheme of the invention relates to an aluminum-based composite material, in particular to a high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy (Al) for structure refinement3Ni+Al3Ti)/Al composite inoculant.
Background
In recent years, the rapid development of modern industrial technology enables a large amount of high-precision and high-power engineering mechanical equipment to be produced. They bring welfare to the development of society, military and national defense industries, and also bring serious vibration and noise pollution. The vibration and the noise not only can destroy the working environment of people and machines, so that the human body is easy to fatigue and get ill, but also can reduce the working efficiency of mechanical equipment and shorten the service life. In the military field, the vibration and noise of the weapon not only can easily damage internal precise electronic components, but also can influence the hitting precision of the weapon and reduce the survivability of the stealth weapon. Therefore, vibration reduction and noise reduction become a key problem to be solved urgently. The development of a novel high-damping material utilizes the self high-efficiency vibration energy dissipation capability of the material to reduce vibration and noise from a vibration source, and is one of the most important and effective means for reducing vibration and noise at present.
The zinc-aluminum alloy series is a highly representative high damping material, and has attracted attention in the field of vibration and noise reduction in recent years. However, the alloy still has the defects of low strength due to coarse microstructure, which limits the application of the alloy in the field with higher requirements on mechanical properties to a certain extent. As is well known to those skilled in the metal arts, the texture refinement can significantly improve the overall mechanical properties of the metal material. CN102978425A and CN102268573A disclose two grain refiners for zinc-aluminum alloys that can refine the grain size of the alloy to about 50 μm, but the degree of grain refinement is still insufficient. The technology disclosed in CN106756156A can refine the crystal grains of the zinc-aluminum eutectoid alloy (ZA22) to 10-12 μm, but the technology can be realized only by carrying out vacuum melt-spinning rapid solidification treatment on an inoculant and carrying out composite addition of Zr element, so that the technology and the operation are relatively complex, the cost is high, the energy consumption is large, and in addition, the improvement of the mechanical property of the ZA22 alloy after the inoculation refinement by adopting the technology is relatively limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite inoculant for high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy structure refinement aiming at the defects in the prior art. The inoculant is prepared by adding Ni and Ti elements into Al and accurately regulating the addition amount of the Ni and Ti elements to form Al which is used as a matrix and simultaneously distributed with a large amount of in-situ self-generated, fine and uniformly distributed Al3Ni、Al3A composite of Ti particles. The compound inoculant is added into a zinc-aluminum alloy melt, and due to the synergistic effect of the two particles, the structure of the zinc-aluminum alloy can be obviously refined, and the strength, the plasticity and the damping are obviously improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high-damping composite inoculant for refining a zinc-aluminum alloy structure comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 18-23% of Ni, 4-6% of Ti and the balance of Al;
in addition, the composite inoculant takes Al as a matrix, and Ni and Ti respectively react with the Al in situ to generate Al3Ni、Al3Two kinds of Ti particles.
The Al is3Ni、Al3The size of the Ti particles is between 0.2 μm and 5 μm (the elongated particles are measured in terms of their width).
The preparation method of the composite inoculant for the high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy structure refinement comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the element proportion, pure Al, pure Ni and pure Ti are polished, cleaned and dried;
(2) putting the raw materials obtained above into a miniature electric arc furnace, vacuumizing, introducing high-purity argon to increase the air pressure of the furnace chamber to 0.03-0.07 Pa, starting arc striking, gradually increasing the current after electric arc appears until the current value reaches 160-180A, smelting at the current value for 50-60 s, closing a current valve, and turning the obtained sample to enable the bottom surface of the sample to face upwards; repeated "melting-turning over(Al) is obtained after 4-6 times of the process3Ni+Al3Ti/Al composite inoculant products, namely the composite inoculant for high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy structure refinement;
the air pressure after the vacuum pumping in the step (2) is less than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 10-3Pa。
The application of the composite inoculant for high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy structure refinement is used for zinc-aluminum series alloys, preferably Zn-12Al (ZA12), Zn-22Al (ZA22) or Zn-27Al (ZA27) alloys, and the addition amount is 0.3-2.0 wt.%.
The composite inoculant for high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy structure refinement is prepared by adopting pure Al, pure Ni and pure Ti with the purity of more than or equal to 99.99% as raw materials and adopting an electric arc melting process; pure Ti is sponge Ti.
The high-damping composite inoculant for refining the zinc-aluminum alloy structure is prepared by commercially obtaining pure Al, pure Ni and sponge Ti with the purity of more than or equal to 99.99 percent.
The composite inoculant for refining the high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy structure has an effective refining effect on Al alloy containing an alpha phase.
The invention has the substantive characteristics that:
the composite inoculant obtained by the invention is an in-situ autogenous (Al) prepared by an electric arc melting process3Ni+Al3The composite inoculant comprises 18-23 wt% of Ni, 4-6 wt% of Ti and the balance of Al. The compound inoculant is prepared by smelting pure Al, pure Ni and sponge Ti with the purity of more than or equal to 99.99 percent in an electric arc furnace. The finally prepared composite inoculant consists of an Al matrix and in-situ autogenous Al3Ni、Al3Ti particles. The composite inoculant disclosed by the invention can effectively refine the structure of the zinc-aluminum alloy, can obviously improve the strength, plasticity and damping performance of the refined zinc-aluminum alloy, and overcomes the defects that the existing refiner is insufficient in refining degree of the zinc-aluminum alloy, the preparation process of the inoculant is complex, the improvement on the mechanical property of the refined zinc-aluminum alloy is limited and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides (Al) for refining a zinc-aluminum alloy structure3Ni+Al3Ti)/Al composite inoculant. The composite inoculant is mainly prepared from in-situ autogenous Al besides an Al base body3Ni and Al3Two kinds of Ti particles. Wherein Al is3The Ti particles and the alpha phase in the zinc-aluminum alloy have extremely low lattice mismatching degree, so that the Ti particles can be used as the core of effective heterogeneous nucleation during alpha phase crystallization; and Al3The Ni particles are randomly distributed in the zinc-aluminum alloy matrix. It was surprisingly found in the study that Al is randomly distributed3The Ni particles not only strengthen the second phase of the zinc-aluminum alloy, but also inhibit the growth of alpha phase, and simultaneously part of Al3Ti is distributed in the form of film on Al3The surface of the Ni particle makes its lattice matching with the alpha phase significantly improved. Is due to Al3Ni、Al3This unique synergistic thinning effect between Ti particles leads to (Al)3Ni+Al3Ti)/Al becomes a high-efficiency inoculant for the zinc-aluminum alloy. Such as (Al) of the present invention3Ni+Al3The Ti)/Al composite inoculant can minimally refine the alpha phase of the ZA22 alloy to about 10 μm, while the prior art CN102268573A and CN102978425A can only refine to about 50 μm.
(2) The inventor of the present invention found that (Al)3Ni+Al3If the contents of Ni and Ti in the Ti/Al composite inoculant are too low, in-situ autogenous Al3Ni and Al3The Ti content is low, while if the Ni and Ti contents are too high, Al is generated in situ3Ni and Al3The particle size of Ti particles is too large, and the inoculation refining effect of the inoculant on the zinc-aluminum alloy is reduced under the two conditions; further, if the ratio of Ni content to Ti content is unbalanced, Al content is not balanced3Ni and Al3The synergistic refining effect of Ti particles is reduced, the inoculation refining effect of the inoculant on the zinc-aluminum alloy is also reduced, and meanwhile, Al3The strengthening effect of Ni on the matrix is also reduced. Therefore, the inventor of the invention carries out a large number of long-term hard experiments to regulate the respective percentage and relative content of Ni and Ti, and finally obtains (Al)3Ni+Al3Ni and Ti elements in Ti/Al composite inoculantIn a mass percentage of (Al) is appropriate so that3Ni+Al3The Ti/Al composite inoculant has high inoculation refining effect and strengthening effect on the zinc-aluminum alloy.
(3) (Al) of the invention3Ni+Al3The Ti)/Al composite inoculant can ensure that the tensile strength of the ZA22 alloy reaches 282MPa, the elongation after fracture reaches 15.3 percent, and the properties are far higher than those of the ZA22 alloy obtained by inoculating and refining in the prior CN106756156A technology and are only 234MPa and 3.27 percent respectively. .
(4) Compared with the preparation process of the Al-5Ti-1B alloy thin strip inoculant disclosed by CN106756156A and the process for refining the zinc-aluminum alloy, the composite inoculant disclosed by the invention is simple, high in production efficiency and convenient for large-scale production.
(5) Novel compound (Al) of the present invention3Ni+Al3The Ti/Al composite inoculant is not limited to the refinement of zinc-aluminum alloy, and has effective refinement effect on Al alloy containing alpha phase, so that the composite inoculant disclosed by the invention is very wide in application range.
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The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 shows (Al) prepared in example 23Ni+Al3The micro appearance of the Ti)/Al composite inoculant.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the microstructure of ZA22 alloy obtained by inoculation refinement after addition of different percentages of the composite inoculant prepared in example 2, wherein FIG. 2(a) is a photograph of ZA22 alloy with 0 added; fig. 2(b) is a photograph of ZA22 alloy with an addition of 0.5 wt.%; fig. 2(c) is a photograph of ZA22 alloy with an addition of 0.6 wt.%; fig. 2(d) is a photograph of ZA22 alloy with an addition of 0.7 wt.%.
FIG. 3 is a plot of (Al) prepared using 0.6 wt.% of example 23Ni+Al3Ti/Al composite inoculant inoculates refined ZA22 alloy microstructure and Al3Ni、Al3Distribution pattern of two kinds of particles of Ti in the matrix.
FIG. 4 is a plot of (Al) prepared using 0.6 wt.% of example 23Ni+Al3Ti)/Al composite inoculantInoculation of Al in refined ZA22 alloy3Microstructure of Ti particles and their interface with ZA22 alloy, wherein Al in inoculated refined ZA22 alloy is shown in FIG. 4(a)3Ti particles and an alpha phase; FIG. 4(b) shows the result of the energy spectrum analysis at the point A in FIG. 4 (a); FIG. 4(c) shows Al in the block shown in FIG. 4(a)3High resolution images of the Ti/alpha interface; FIG. 4(d) shows Al in FIG. 4(c)3A fast Fourier transform pattern at the Ti/alpha interface and a selective area electron diffraction pattern.
FIG. 5 shows the results obtained with different amounts of (Al) prepared in example 23Ni+Al3The Ti/Al composite inoculant inoculates the tensile mechanical properties of the refined ZA22 alloy.
FIG. 6 shows the results obtained with different amounts of (Al) prepared in example 23Ni+Al3The Ti/Al composite inoculant inoculates the damping performance of the refined ZA22 alloy.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Example 1:
cutting pure Al and pure Ni metal into 6 × 6 × 6mm3Polishing and brightening the square blocks by using water abrasive paper, putting pure Al, pure Ni metal blocks and sponge Ti into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning for 8min, then putting the square blocks into a vacuum drying oven, drying the square blocks for 15min at 60 ℃, weighing 10g of materials by mass according to the mass percent of Ni being 18 wt.%, the mass percent of Ti being 4 wt.% and the balance being Al, putting the materials into a copper crucible of a miniature electric arc furnace, then adjusting the position of an electrode to ensure that the distance between the electrode and the raw materials in the crucible is 1.5mm, and vacuumizing the furnace chamber after closing a furnace door, a material inlet and outlet and an air release valve in sequence to reduce the air pressure to 1.2 x 10-3Pa, then filling high-purity argon to increase the pressure of the furnace chamber to 0.03Pa, then vacuumizing again, repeating the steps for 3 times, starting arc striking, gradually increasing the current after the arc appears until the current value reaches 160A, smelting for 50s at the current value, and then closing the current valveThe door was opened, the obtained sample was turned over so that the bottom face was directed upward, and the above melting process was repeated 4 times to obtain button-shaped (Al)3Ni+Al3Ti)/Al composite inoculant products.
Example 2:
cutting pure Al and pure Ni metal into 6 × 6 × 6mm3Polishing and brightening the square blocks by using water abrasive paper, placing pure Al, pure Ni metal blocks and sponge Ti into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10min, then placing the square blocks into a vacuum drying box, drying the square blocks for 14min at 80 ℃, then weighing materials with the total mass of 12g according to the mass percent of Ni of 20 wt.%, the mass percent of Ti of 5 wt.% and the balance of Al, placing the materials into a copper crucible of a miniature electric arc furnace, then adjusting the position of an electrode to ensure that the distance between the electrode and raw materials in the crucible is 2mm, closing a furnace door, a feed inlet, a discharge outlet and a gas discharge valve in sequence, then vacuumizing the furnace chamber, and reducing the air pressure to 1.5 multiplied by 10-3Pa, then filling high-purity argon to increase the pressure of the furnace chamber to 0.05Pa, then vacuumizing again, repeating the steps for 4 times, starting arc striking, gradually increasing the current until the current value reaches 170A, smelting at the current value for 55s, closing a current valve, turning over the obtained sample to enable the bottom surface of the sample to face upwards, repeating the smelting process, and repeating the steps for 5 times to obtain the button-shaped (Al)3Ni+Al3Ti)/Al composite inoculant products. The microstructure is shown in FIG. 1, wherein the matrix is Al, and the matrix contains in-situ autogenous Al with the size of 0.2 μm to 5 μm3Ni、Al3Two kinds of Ti particles.
Example 3:
cutting pure Al and pure Ni metal into 6 × 6 × 6mm3Polishing and brightening the square blocks by using water abrasive paper, then putting pure Al, pure Ni metal blocks and sponge Ti into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning for 12min, then putting the square blocks into a vacuum drying oven, drying the square blocks for 12min at 100 ℃, weighing 15g of materials by mass according to the mass percent of Ni of 23 wt.%, the mass percent of Ti of 6 wt.% and the balance of Al, putting the materials into a copper crucible of a miniature electric arc furnace, then adjusting the position of an electrode to ensure that the distance between the electrode and raw materials in the crucible is 2.5mm, and sequentially closing a furnace door, passing in and out the furnace door, and passing in and out the crucibleVacuumizing the furnace chamber after the material inlet and the air release valve to reduce the air pressure to 1.5X 10-3Pa, then filling high-purity argon to increase the pressure of the furnace chamber to 0.07Pa, then vacuumizing again, repeating the steps for 4 times, starting arc striking, gradually increasing the current until the current value reaches 180A, smelting for 60s at the current value, closing a current valve, turning over the obtained sample to enable the bottom surface of the sample to face upwards, repeating the smelting process, and repeating the steps for 6 times to obtain the button-shaped (Al)3Ni+Al3Ti)/Al composite inoculant products.
To examine the refining effect of the composite inoculant of the invention on zinc-aluminum alloy, the composite inoculant of example 2 was used to refine ZA22 alloy by the following steps: cutting pure Zn and pure Al into small blocks, weighing 100g of mixture with the mass ratio of Zn to Al being 78 to 22 for standby, and then weighing 0.4g of dehydrated ZnCl2The refining agent is used for standby, 100g of the mixture is placed in a graphite clay crucible and moved to a well type crucible resistance furnace, then the temperature is raised to 730 ℃, after all raw materials are melted, the temperature is adjusted to 660 ℃, the temperature is kept for 8 minutes, then a bell jar is pressed into 0.2g of the refining agent weighed to be refined, after the mixture is kept still for 1 minute, surface scum is skimmed off, then 0.5g of the composite inoculant prepared in the embodiment 2 is added, after 12 seconds of stirring, the temperature is kept for 15 minutes, then the mixture is stirred for 12 seconds and then kept still for 8 minutes, then the bell jar is pressed into the rest 0.2g of the refining agent again to be refined, after the mixture is kept still for 1 minute, the surface scum is skimmed off, and the mixture is poured into a steel mold, so that the refining of the ZA22 alloy is completed. The sample thus obtained was designated as sample # 2, and the average phase size was 12 μm, and the morphology thereof was as shown in FIG. 2 (b).
The same procedure as above was followed except that no complex inoculant was added and 0.6g and 0.7g of complex inoculant was added, and the samples obtained were designated # 1, # 3 and # 4, respectively, and had average phase sizes of 100 μm, 10 μm and 27 μm, respectively, and their microscopic morphologies were as shown in FIG. 2(a), FIG. 2(c) and FIG. 2 (d). As can be seen from FIG. 2(a), the alpha phase in the non-pregnant refined ZA22 alloy is in the form of coarse dendrites, and after inoculation refinement by adding the inoculant, the alpha phase size is significantly reduced, as shown in FIGS. 2(b) to 2(d), and when the inoculant is addedAt 0.6 wt.%, the average size of the alpha phase reached a minimum of about 10 μm, 1/10 for the unrefined ZA22 alloy. The average size of the alpha phase increases slightly both below and above 0.6 wt.% inoculant addition, e.g., 27 μm for inoculant additions of 0.7 wt.%. Studies have shown that the average size of the alpha phase does not change significantly on a 0.7 wt.% basis if the inoculant addition is further increased. This phenomenon is different from the fining effect of conventional inoculants. Generally, the refining effect of the inoculant will be severely diminished when an excess of inoculant is added. The special effect of the inoculant provided by the invention is just like Al3Ni、Al3The two particles of Ti are associated with a synergistic effect. It can also be seen from fig. 2 that, in addition to the size of the phases, the morphology of the phases also changed significantly upon addition of the inoculant. The alpha phase of ZA22 alloy is typically dendritic as in the case of non-pregnant refinements, and after inoculation refinements with inoculant, the dendritic alpha phase gradually transforms into equiaxed phases (as shown in fig. 2 (b)), and when the addition of inoculant is higher than 0.5 wt.%, the alpha phase gradually transforms into petal shapes (as shown in fig. 2(c) and fig. 2 (d)).
FIG. 3 shows (Al) prepared using 0.6 wt.% of example 23Ni+Al3Ti/Al composite inoculant inoculates refined ZA22 alloy microstructure and Al3Ni、Al3Distribution of two kinds of particles of Ti in the matrix. As can be seen from the figure, Al3The Ti particles are mainly distributed in the central part of the alpha phase, which indicates that they can indeed serve as the core of the heterogeneous nucleation of the alpha phase; and Al3The Ni particles are randomly distributed in the matrix of ZA22 alloy, which can inhibit the growth of alpha phase.
FIG. 4 shows (Al) prepared using 0.6 wt.% of example 23Ni+Al3Ti/Al composite inoculant inoculates Al in refined ZA22 alloy3Ti particles and their interfacial microstructure with ZA22 alloy, wherein FIG. 4(a) is the inoculation of Al in refined ZA22 alloy3Ti particles and an alpha phase; FIG. 4(b) is the result of the energy spectrum analysis at the point A in FIG. 4(a), which can further prove that the particle is Al3A Ti phase; FIG. 4(c) shows Al in the block shown in FIG. 4(a)3Of the Ti/alpha interfaceHigh resolution image, from which Al can be seen3The lattice mismatching degree between the Ti phase and the alpha phase is extremely low, and it can be further seen from FIG. 4(d) that the two phases have two groups of parallel crystal faces, respectively
Figure BDA0003376437560000051
(001)Al3Ti//(001)αAnd the interplanar spacing of the two sets of facets is very close.
FIG. 5 shows the results obtained with different amounts of (Al) prepared in example 23Ni+Al3The Ti/Al composite inoculant inoculates the tensile mechanical properties of the refined ZA22 alloy. As can be seen from the figure, the tensile strength and the elongation of the unrefined ZA22 alloy are 239MPa and 4.22 percent respectively, and the tensile mechanical properties of the three samples after inoculation and refinement are obviously improved. With the increase of the addition amount of the inoculant, the tensile mechanical property is firstly increased and then reduced. When added in an amount of 0.6 wt.%, the tensile strength and elongation reach maximum values of 282MPa and 15.3%, respectively. Compared with ZA22 alloy refined by the CN106756156A published technology, the highest tensile strength and elongation are only 234MPa and 3.27 percent.
FIG. 6 shows (Al) prepared in example 2 using different amounts3Ni+Al3The Ti/Al composite inoculant inoculates the damping performance of the refined ZA22 alloy. As can be seen from the figure, the unrefined ZA22 alloy has high damping capacity in itself over the entire temperature range. After inoculation and refinement, the damping of the alloy is slightly reduced below 100 ℃, the difference between the damping at 100-200 ℃ and before inoculation and refinement is small, and the damping capacity is obviously improved when the temperature is higher than 200 ℃. The improvement effect of the damping power is firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of the addition amount of the inoculant, and the improvement effect of the damping power is maximized when the addition amount is 0.6 wt.%.
From the above analysis, it can be seen that the composite inoculant of the invention has a significant refining effect on zinc-aluminum alloy, which is caused by Al3Ni、Al3Synergistic thinning effect of Ti particles. Wherein Al is3The Ti particles can be used as the core of effective heterogeneous nucleation when the alpha phase is crystallized because the lattice mismatching degree of the Ti particles and the alpha phase in the ZA22 alloy is extremely low; and Al3Random classification of Ni particlesDistributed in ZA22 alloy matrix, can inhibit the growth of alpha phase, and part of Al3The surface of the Ni particles is coated with a layer of Al3The Ti thin film, therefore, has an improved degree of lattice matching with the alpha phase, and can serve as a core of heteronucleation upon crystallization of the alpha phase. After the zinc-aluminum alloy is refined, the tensile mechanical property and the damping capacity of the zinc-aluminum alloy can be remarkably improved, so that the application range of the high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy can be greatly expanded.
The invention is not the best of the prior art.

Claims (7)

1. A high-damping composite inoculant for refining a zinc-aluminum alloy structure is characterized in that the mass percentage of each element in the inoculant is as follows: 18-23% of Ni, 4-6% of Ti and the balance of Al;
in addition, the composite inoculant takes Al as a matrix, and Ni and Ti respectively react with the Al in situ to generate Al3Ni、Al3Two kinds of Ti particles.
2. The high-damping composite inoculant for refining the structure of the zinc-aluminum alloy is characterized in that the Al3Ni、Al3The Ti particles are between 0.2 μm and 5 μm in size.
3. The method for preparing the composite inoculant for the structure refinement of the high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the element proportion, polishing, cleaning and drying pure Al, pure Ni and pure Ti;
(2) putting the raw materials obtained above into an electric arc furnace, vacuumizing, introducing high-purity argon to increase the pressure of the furnace chamber to 0.03-0.07 Pa, starting arc striking, gradually increasing the current after the electric arc appears until the current value reaches 160-180A, smelting for 50-60 s at the current value, closing a current valve, and turning the obtained sample to enable the bottom surface of the sample to face upwards; repeating the smelting-turning process for 4-6 times to obtain (Al)3Ni+Al3Ti/Al composite inoculant, namely the composite inoculant for high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy structure refinement.
4. The method for preparing a composite inoculant for refining high-damping Zn-Al alloy structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein the air pressure after vacuumizing in step (2) is less than or equal to 1.5X 10-3Pa。
5. The method for preparing the composite inoculant for the structure refinement of the high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 3, wherein the purities of pure Al, pure Ni and pure Ti are all greater than or equal to 99.99%; pure Ti is sponge Ti.
6. The use of the composite inoculant for the structure refinement of the high-damping zinc-aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite inoculant is used for zinc-aluminum series alloys, and the addition amount of the composite inoculant is 0.3-2.0 wt.%.
7. Use of the composite inoculant for structure refinement of high-damping Zn-Al alloy as claimed in claim 6, wherein the Zn-Al alloy is Zn-12Al (ZA12), Zn-22Al (ZA22) or Zn-27Al (ZA 27).
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