CN114058769A - Method for reducing converter bottom under high-iron-steel ratio smelting condition of converter - Google Patents
Method for reducing converter bottom under high-iron-steel ratio smelting condition of converter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114058769A CN114058769A CN202111254961.1A CN202111254961A CN114058769A CN 114058769 A CN114058769 A CN 114058769A CN 202111254961 A CN202111254961 A CN 202111254961A CN 114058769 A CN114058769 A CN 114058769A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- converter
- slag
- smelting
- furnace
- steel
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
- C21C5/34—Blowing through the bath
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/36—Processes yielding slags of special composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/44—Refractory linings
- C21C5/441—Equipment used for making or repairing linings
- C21C5/443—Hot fettling; Flame gunning
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of steelmaking, and relates to a method for lowering the furnace bottom under the smelting condition of a converter high-iron-steel ratio. According to the invention, through the process adjustment of the whole smelting process, normal production is not influenced, the thickness of the furnace bottom can be effectively and uniformly reduced, and the thickness of the furnace lining can be well maintained by increasing the slag splashing time and the slag adhering amount. The operation process is strong in operability, the furnace condition is controlled safely, the furnace type is well controlled, and the waste of energy media is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of steelmaking, and relates to a method for reducing the converter bottom under the smelting condition of a converter high-iron-steel ratio.
Background
When the converter high-iron steel is smelted, the end point is easy to control, the end slag is good, and the furnace bottom is easy to rise. When the furnace bottom is too high, the furnace volume ratio is reduced, metal splashing easily occurs in the smelting process, meanwhile, the oxygen lance is stuck with steel, the smoke hood is stuck with steel frequently, the oxygen lance is easy to burn and leak in the smelting process, and the normal smelting order can be seriously influenced by frequently replacing the oxygen lance.
The existing furnace bottom lowering technology: 1. after tapping of the converter, a certain amount of slag is left in the converter, the oxygen lance is lowered to a certain height in the converter, oxygen is blown for a period of time, and then the lance is lifted and slag is poured; 2. after tapping of the converter, pouring out the final slag in the converter, then adding part of molten iron and slag making materials into the converter, carrying out sliding blowing by using oxygen, then adding a slag adjusting agent, blowing by using nitrogen, and then pouring out the slag in the converter; 3. and reserving molten steel capable of covering a slag layer in the converter tapping process, then blowing oxygen into the converter in a sliding mode, and pouring the cooled slag. The above methods all raise the temperature of the melt or slag in the furnace to a higher temperature by blowing oxygen into the furnace, and play a role in high-temperature erosion and high-oxidation erosion on the furnace bottom. The method has the advantages that the furnace bottom lowering operation control difficulty is high, the furnace lining is greatly corroded at the same time, the furnace bottom corrosion is uneven, furnace body leakage accidents are easily caused when the operation is improper, slag splashing operation or slag splashing effect is avoided after the operation, and the maintenance of the furnace lining of the converter is further influenced. Meanwhile, the method has long time in the operation process, and the production rhythm is influenced. The method is not different from furnace washing and has defects in actual operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for lowering the furnace bottom of a converter under the condition of high-iron-steel ratio smelting, which does not affect the production rhythm, has controllable furnace lining maintenance, uniformly lowers the furnace bottom and has obvious effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for reducing the converter bottom under the smelting condition of the high-iron steel ratio of a converter comprises the following steps:
s1, adding magnesium-containing resources into the converter along with other auxiliary materials in the early stage of smelting, reducing magnesium mixing, increasing the concentration of ferric oxide in the process, and enhancing the corrosion to the converter;
s2, prolonging the deep lance position converting time in the later stage of smelting, namely, after the oxygen supply amount reaches about 70%, feeding the oxygen lance to the lowest lance position, effectively impacting the furnace bottom, and enhancing the scouring of molten steel on the furnace bottom;
and S3, optimizing a slag splashing process, directly lowering the oxygen lance to the lowest allowable lance position during slag splashing, quickly impacting slag to the periphery of the furnace bottom and the furnace lining, and simultaneously increasing impact on the furnace bottom.
Optionally, in the step S1, the magnesium blending process is adjusted, and the converter slag is configured according to the content of 7-8% magnesium oxide, so as to reduce the viscosity of the slag and prevent slag from adhering to the bottom of the converter during tapping.
Optionally, in the step S2, the deep lance position converting time is not less than 3min in the later stage of smelting, so as to reduce the final slag TFe, keep the final slag at a certain viscosity, prevent the furnace lining from being excessively eroded, and increase the erosion of the furnace bottom.
Optionally, the dynamic oxygen supply flow is adjusted in the later smelting stage and controlled according to the maximum allowable value, so that the scouring of the furnace bottom is increased, the stirring force of the high-temperature molten steel is enhanced, and the mechanical scouring of the molten steel on the furnace bottom is enhanced.
Optionally, the temperature of molten steel and the oxygen concentration are increased at the smelting end point, the end point temperature is 10 ℃ higher than the normal tapping temperature, the end point oxygen is kept at 550-750 ppm, and erosion and scouring to the furnace bottom are further enhanced.
Optionally, in the step S3, the oxygen lance directly drops to the lowest allowable lance position during slag splashing, no slag adjusting agent is added during slag splashing, a small amount of coke is added for deoxidation if the oxygen at the end point of the converter is too high, no bottom ash is added after slag splashing, the slag splashing time is not less than 3.5min, cooling and condensation of slag at the bottom of the converter are reduced, the slag hanging amount of the furnace lining is increased, the thickness of the furnace lining is maintained while the bottom of the converter is lowered, and the converter is immediately rocked to a certain angle in front of the converter after slag splashing is finished, so that slag at the bottom of the converter is collapsed, and slag accumulation at the bottom of the converter is prevented.
Optionally, when the production is abnormal, namely when the steel ladle cannot tap steel at the blowing end point, the converter is kept in a vertical state, the corrosion of molten steel to the converter bottom is increased, and the corrosion of the converter lining is prevented when the converter is shaken.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method for reducing the converter bottom of the converter under the high-iron steel ratio smelting condition, normal production is not influenced by process adjustment of the whole smelting process, the thickness of the converter bottom can be effectively and uniformly reduced, and the thickness of the furnace lining can be well maintained by increasing slag splashing time and slag adhering amount; the operation is strong, and the whole furnace type is well controlled.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a method for reducing the converter bottom under the smelting condition of a converter high-iron-steel ratio, which comprises the following steps: the magnesium-adding process in the smelting process is adjusted, the blowing time of the deep lance position (the lowest permissible lance position for smelting) in the later stage of smelting is increased, the dynamic oxygen supply flow is adjusted, the smelting end point temperature and the end point oxygen concentration are improved, the slag splashing process is adjusted, abnormal handling such as incapability of tapping at the smelting end point is realized, and the thickness of the furnace bottom is safely and effectively reduced to a target value through the regulation and control of the whole production process. Magnesium is added into the converter along with other auxiliary materials in the early stage of smelting, so that the steel slag contains certain magnesium oxide concentration, the corrosion of slag to a furnace lining is reduced, the deep lance position blowing time in the later stage of smelting is increased, namely, an oxygen lance is moved to the lowest lance position after the oxygen supply amount reaches about 70%, the impact on the furnace bottom is increased, the stirring force on high-temperature molten steel is enhanced, the mechanical scouring of the molten steel on the furnace bottom is further enhanced, the scouring of the molten steel on the furnace bottom is enhanced, the scouring and the erosion of the furnace bottom are further enhanced by similarly improving the dynamic oxygen supply flow, the erosion of slag on the furnace bottom is further enhanced by improving the end point temperature and the oxygen concentration, the adjustment of a slag splashing process aims to reduce the slag amount of the furnace bottom, the slag is splashed to the furnace lining, the furnace lining is protected, the solidification and crystallization of the slag on the furnace bottom is reduced, and the erosion of a high-temperature melt on the furnace bottom is increased when abnormal treatment.
The invention has four aspects in general: 1. reducing magnesium blending, increasing the concentration of iron oxide in the process, enhancing the corrosion to the converter, adjusting the magnesium blending process, configuring the converter slag according to the content of 7-8% of magnesium oxide, reducing the viscosity of the slag, and preventing slag from adhering to the bottom of the converter in the tapping process; 2. the blowing time of the large-flow deep lance position is prolonged, the furnace bottom is effectively impacted, the scouring of molten steel to the furnace bottom is enhanced, the blowing time of the deep lance position in the later stage of smelting is not less than 3min, the TFe of the final slag is reduced, the final slag keeps certain viscosity, the excessive erosion of a furnace lining is prevented, and the scouring to the furnace bottom is increased; 3. optimizing a slag splashing gun position, directly lowering an oxygen gun to the lowest allowable gun position during slag splashing, adding no slag regulating agent in the slag splashing process, adding a small amount of coke for deoxidation if the oxygen at the end point of the converter is too high, adding no bottom ash after slag splashing, ensuring that the slag splashing time is not less than 3.5min, reducing the cooling and condensation of slag at the bottom of the converter, simultaneously increasing the slag hanging amount of a furnace lining, lowering the bottom of the converter while maintaining the thickness of the furnace lining, and immediately shaking the converter to a certain angle in front of the converter after the slag splashing is finished, so that the slag at the bottom of the converter is collapsed, and the slag is prevented from being accumulated at the bottom of the converter; 4. when the production is abnormal, the high-temperature melt is used for soaking the converter bottom, namely when the ladle can not discharge steel at the blowing end point, the converter is kept in a vertical state, the corrosion of molten steel to the converter bottom is increased, and the corrosion to the converter lining is prevented when the converter is shaken.
In this embodiment, the dynamic oxygen flow rate is adjusted and controlled according to the maximum allowable value, thereby increasing the flushing of the furnace bottom.
In the present example, the end point temperature of the smelting and the end point oxygen concentration were increased, the end point temperature was about 10 ℃ higher than the normal tapping temperature, and the end point oxygen was maintained at 550 to 750 ppm.
According to the invention, through the process adjustment of the whole smelting process, normal production is not influenced, the thickness of the furnace bottom can be effectively and uniformly reduced, and the thickness of the furnace lining can be well maintained by increasing the slag splashing time and the slag adhering amount. The operation process is strong in operability, the furnace condition is controlled safely, the furnace type is well controlled, and the waste of energy media is avoided.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for reducing the converter bottom under the smelting condition of a converter high-iron-steel ratio is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adding magnesium-containing resources into the converter along with other auxiliary materials in the early stage of smelting, reducing magnesium mixing, increasing the concentration of ferric oxide in the process, and enhancing the corrosion to the converter;
s2, prolonging the deep lance position converting time in the later stage of smelting, namely, after the oxygen supply amount reaches about 70%, feeding the oxygen lance to the lowest lance position, effectively impacting the furnace bottom, and enhancing the scouring of molten steel on the furnace bottom;
and S3, optimizing a slag splashing process, directly lowering the oxygen lance to the lowest allowable lance position during slag splashing, quickly impacting slag to the periphery of the furnace bottom and the furnace lining, and simultaneously increasing impact on the furnace bottom.
2. The method for the converter bottom of the converter with the reduced ratio of the high-iron steel to the smelting conditions according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and in the step S1, a magnesium blending process is adjusted, converter slag is configured according to the content of 7-8% of magnesium oxide, the viscosity of the converter slag is reduced, and slag adhering to the bottom of the converter in the tapping process is prevented.
3. The method for the converter bottom of the converter with the reduced ratio of the high-iron steel to the smelting conditions according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the step S2, the deep lance position blowing time is not less than 3min in the later stage of smelting, the TFe of the final slag is reduced, the final slag keeps a certain viscosity, the furnace lining is prevented from being excessively corroded, and the scouring on the furnace bottom is increased.
4. The method for the converter bottom of the converter with the reduced ratio of the high-iron steel to the smelting conditions according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and the dynamic oxygen supply flow is adjusted at the later stage of smelting and is controlled according to the maximum allowable value, so that the scouring of the furnace bottom is increased, the stirring force of the high-temperature molten steel is enhanced, and the mechanical scouring of the molten steel on the furnace bottom is enhanced.
5. The method for the converter bottom of the converter with the reduced ratio of the high-iron steel to the smelting conditions according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and the temperature and the oxygen concentration of molten steel are increased at the smelting end point, the end point temperature is 10 ℃ higher than the normal tapping temperature, the end point oxygen is kept at 550-750 ppm, and the erosion and the scouring to the furnace bottom are further enhanced.
6. The method for the converter bottom of the converter with the reduced ratio of the high-iron steel to the smelting conditions according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the step S3, the oxygen lance directly descends to the lowest allowable lance position during slag splashing, no slag regulating agent is added in the slag splashing process, a small amount of coke needs to be added for deoxidation if the oxygen at the end point of the converter is too high, no bottom ash is added after slag splashing, the slag splashing time is not less than 3.5min, the cooling and condensation of slag at the bottom of the converter are reduced, the slag hanging amount of the furnace lining is increased, the thickness of the furnace lining is maintained while the bottom of the converter is lowered, and the converter is immediately shaken to a certain angle in front of the converter after slag splashing is finished, so that the slag at the bottom of the converter is collapsed, and the slag is prevented from being accumulated at the bottom of the converter.
7. The method for the converter bottom of the converter with the reduced ratio of the high-iron steel to the smelting conditions according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: when the production is abnormal, namely the blowing end point is caused by the fact that steel cannot be tapped from a ladle, the converter is kept in a vertical state, the corrosion of molten steel to the bottom of the converter is increased, and meanwhile, the corrosion of a converter lining is prevented when the converter is shaken.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN202111254961.1A CN114058769A (en) | 2021-10-27 | 2021-10-27 | Method for reducing converter bottom under high-iron-steel ratio smelting condition of converter |
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CN202111254961.1A CN114058769A (en) | 2021-10-27 | 2021-10-27 | Method for reducing converter bottom under high-iron-steel ratio smelting condition of converter |
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN102787200A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-21 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Slag splashing method for controlling converter profile |
CN107083469A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-08-22 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The method for reducing steelmaking converter furnace bottom |
CN111041150A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2020-04-21 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Control method for automatic slag splashing of converter |
CN111254251A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-09 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Converter slag splashing gun position automatic control method based on furnace bottom thickness |
CN113215348A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-06 | 山东鲁丽钢铁有限公司 | Method for controlling rising of 120t converter bottom by using high-temperature oxygen jet flow |
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2021
- 2021-10-27 CN CN202111254961.1A patent/CN114058769A/en active Pending
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CN102787200A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-21 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Slag splashing method for controlling converter profile |
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CN111041150A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2020-04-21 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Control method for automatic slag splashing of converter |
CN111254251A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-09 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Converter slag splashing gun position automatic control method based on furnace bottom thickness |
CN113215348A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-06 | 山东鲁丽钢铁有限公司 | Method for controlling rising of 120t converter bottom by using high-temperature oxygen jet flow |
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