CN114058358A - Preparation method and application of viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114058358A CN114058358A CN202111493407.9A CN202111493407A CN114058358A CN 114058358 A CN114058358 A CN 114058358A CN 202111493407 A CN202111493407 A CN 202111493407A CN 114058358 A CN114058358 A CN 114058358A
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 172
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 172
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 31
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
- C09K8/592—Compositions used in combination with generated heat, e.g. by steam injection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/241—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection combined with solution mining of non-hydrocarbon minerals, e.g. solvent pyrolysis of oil shale
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) adding micrometer and/or nanometer metal catalyst powder into oil phase, and simultaneously performing ultrasonic dispersion under heating condition to obtain dispersion liquid for use. (2) And mixing the dispersion liquid with a water phase, adding an emulsifier, and carrying out high-speed shearing treatment to form an emulsion, wherein the water phase is a continuous phase, and the oil phase coated with the metal catalyst powder is dispersed in the continuous phase to obtain the catalyst. The viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent prepared by the method can carry the catalyst into the thick oil with the assistance of a hydrothermal catalytic cracking viscosity-reducing technology, so that the catalyst is better contacted with the thick oil, and the viscosity-reducing efficiency and the viscosity-reducing effect are effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thick oil viscosity reducing agents, in particular to a preparation method and application of a thick oil viscosity reducing oil displacement agent.
Background
The thickened oil is petroleum with less light fractions and high colloid and asphalt contents, has the characteristics of high viscosity and high density, and is difficult to flow, so that the petroleum is difficult to extract from the underground. In order to overcome the problems, researchers develop various techniques for reducing the viscosity of the thick oil, such as a thin oil blending method, a thermal method, a heating method, an oil-soluble viscosity reducer, an emulsification viscosity reduction method, a hydrothermal catalytic cracking viscosity reduction method, a microorganism viscosity reduction method and the like. The hydrothermal catalytic cracking viscosity reduction method has the advantages of simple process, low cost, convenience in implementation and the like, and has a more practical application prospect. The viscosity reduction method by hydrothermal catalytic cracking needs to inject high-temperature steam and a catalyst into an oil well, and under the action of the high-temperature steam and the catalyst, macromolecular substances of colloid and asphalt in the thick oil are cracked into small molecular substances, so that the viscosity of the thick oil is reduced. However, the inventor finds that the catalyst of the method is difficult to be effectively fused with the thick oil, and the viscosity reduction rate is slow and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a preparation method and application of a viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent for thick oil, wherein the viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent can carry a catalyst into the thick oil under the assistance of a hydrothermal catalytic cracking viscosity-reducing technology, so that the catalyst is better contacted with the thick oil, and the viscosity-reducing efficiency and the viscosity-reducing effect are effectively improved. In order to realize the purpose, the invention discloses the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect of the invention, a preparation method of a thick oil viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is disclosed, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding micrometer and/or nanometer metal catalyst powder into oil phase, and simultaneously performing ultrasonic dispersion under heating condition to obtain dispersion liquid for use.
(2) And mixing the dispersion liquid with a water phase, adding an emulsifier, and carrying out high-speed shearing treatment to form an emulsion, wherein the water phase is a continuous phase, and the oil phase coated with the metal catalyst powder is dispersed in the continuous phase to obtain the catalyst.
Further, in the step (1), the metal catalyst includes at least one of iron powder, copper powder, nickel powder, aluminum powder, zinc powder, and the like. Under the action of the catalyst, the colloid and asphaltene in the thick oil are cracked into small molecular substances, so that the viscosity of the thick oil is effectively reduced.
Further, in the step (1), the oil phase includes any one of oleic acid, diesel oil and vegetable oil. In the invention, the oil phase mainly has the function of coating and wetting the metal catalyst powder, so that the metal catalyst powder has the characteristic of lipophilicity.
Further, in the step (1), the ratio of the metal catalyst powder to the oil phase is 1 g: 2-3 ml. In the step, the oil phase and the metal catalyst powder are subjected to ultrasonic treatment, so that an oil film can be formed after the surface of the metal catalyst is wetted, part of the catalyst powder can be coated in the oil phase, and the two forms can ensure that the metal catalyst powder can be subjected to oleophylic modification, so that emulsion suspension dispersion is conveniently formed.
Further, in the step (1), the ultrasonic dispersion time is 30-60 min, and the metal catalyst powder is not easily dispersed in the oil phase due to too short ultrasonic dispersion time.
Further, in the step (1), the heating temperature is 40-60 ℃, which is beneficial to uniform dispersion of the metal catalyst powder under the heating condition and reduces agglomeration.
Further, in the step (2), the ratio of the dispersion to the aqueous phase is controlled to be 1 ml: 8-15 ml. The dispersion liquid dispersed with the metal catalyst powder is added into the water phase and then forms emulsion under the action of the emulsifier, so that the metal catalyst powder does not sink but is dispersed and suspended in the water phase, and the oil well is convenient to inject.
Further, in the step (2), the aqueous phase includes at least one of tap water, deionized water, distilled water, and the like. In the present invention, the aqueous phase serves both as a dispersed phase and a carrier of the emulsion in which the metal catalyst powder having hydrophobicity is dispersed and suspended, and at the same time, serves as a carrier to facilitate injection of the catalyst into the oil well.
Further, in the step (2), the emulsifier includes any one of an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, and the like. The emulsion is formed under the action of the emulsifier, and simultaneously, the stability of the emulsion is improved.
Further, in the step (2), the mass fraction of the emulsifier in the water phase is 0.5-2.0%.
In a second aspect of the invention, the application of the viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent prepared by the preparation method of the viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent for thick oil in the field of petroleum engineering is disclosed.
Preferably, the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is used for viscosity reduction of thick oil, and comprises the following steps: injecting hot steam into an oil well to preheat the thick oil, then injecting the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent into the oil well, and carrying out catalytic cracking reaction on the thick oil under the action of the hot steam to obtain the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent.
Further, the temperature of the hot steam is 120-160 ℃. Through testing, the steam temperature is too low to be favorable to catalytic cracking reaction, and the high temperature not only the energy consumption obviously increases, does not have too big promotion to the viscosity reduction effect moreover.
Further, the using amount of the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is 0.1-0.3% of the mass of the thick oil by mass of the metal catalyst powder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: in the traditional hydrothermal catalytic cracking viscosity reduction method, a catalyst is directly added into thick oil for catalytic reaction through pinning, but the method has the problems that the catalyst and the thick oil are difficult to fuse, the catalyst and the thick oil are difficult to effectively contact, a formed catalytic interface is effective, the viscosity reduction speed is slow, the efficiency is low, and the viscosity reduction effect is limited. Therefore, the invention firstly carries out surface treatment on the metal catalyst to form an oil film on the surface of metal catalyst particles or coat catalyst powder in an oil phase, so that the surface of metal catalyst particles has hydrophobicity/lipophilicity, and the main purpose is to enable the metal catalyst particles to be better contacted and fused with thick oil. In order to make the metal catalyst particles smoothly enter thick oil, the invention utilizes the characteristics of the metal catalyst particles to prepare an emulsion together with a water phase, wherein the water phase is used as a dispersed phase and a carrier of the emulsion to disperse and suspend metal catalyst powder with hydrophobicity, and simultaneously the water phase is used as a carrying agent to facilitate the injection of the catalyst into an oil well. In addition, the aqueous phase also provides the water required for hydrothermal cracking. Through tests, the viscosity reduction rate of the process for the thickened oil in 24 hours reaches more than 91 percent, and the process not only has good viscosity reduction effect, but also obviously improves the viscosity reduction rate.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. The invention will now be further illustrated by specific examples.
Example 1
1. A preparation method of a viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil comprises the following steps:
(1) 20g of iron powder with the particle size of 500 meshes and rapeseed oil are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1 g: 3ml of the mixture is mixed in a beaker, then the mouth of the beaker is sealed by a preservative film, and then the beaker is heated and ultrasonically dispersed, and the temperature is increased to 55 ℃ and ultrasonically treated for 40min to obtain iron powder dispersion for later use.
(2) Adding span 80 serving as an emulsifier into deionized water, wherein the mass fraction of the emulsifier in the deionized water is 0.18%. And (2) adding the iron powder dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1) into deionized water containing the emulsifier, wherein the ratio of the iron powder dispersion liquid to the deionized water is 1 ml: 8ml, and then carrying out high-speed shearing treatment for 30min to form emulsion, wherein deionized water is a continuous phase, and the oil phase coated with iron powder is dispersed in the continuous phase to obtain the thick oil viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent.
2. A method for reducing viscosity of thick oil comprises the following steps:
(i) taking a thick oil sample with the viscosity of 38000mPa & s at 50 ℃, heating the thick oil sample to 70 ℃ for preheating treatment, and obtaining a preheated sample.
(ii) Adding the preheated sample into a reaction kettle, adding the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil prepared in the embodiment, wherein the using amount of the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is 0.5% of the mass of the thick oil in terms of the mass of iron powder, then carrying out hydrothermal cracking reaction at 140 ℃, stopping heating after reacting for 24 hours, cooling to room temperature, removing water in the thick oil sample after the reaction, measuring the viscosity of the thick oil sample at room temperature, and calculating the viscosity reduction rate.
Example 2
A preparation method of a viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil comprises the following steps:
(1) 20g of copper powder with the grain diameter of 500 meshes and diesel oil are mixed according to the proportion of 1 g: mixing 2ml of the mixture in a beaker, sealing the opening of the beaker by using a preservative film, heating and performing ultrasonic dispersion, heating to 60 ℃ and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30min to obtain copper powder dispersion for later use.
(2) Adding span 80 serving as an emulsifier into tap water, wherein the mass fraction of the emulsifier in the tap water is 0.2%. And (2) adding the copper powder dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1) into tap water containing the emulsifier, wherein the ratio of the copper powder dispersion liquid to the tap water is 1 ml: 10ml, and then carrying out high-speed shearing treatment for 30min to form emulsion, wherein tap water is a continuous phase, and the oil phase coated with copper powder is dispersed in the continuous phase to obtain the thick oil viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent.
2. A method for reducing viscosity of thick oil comprises the following steps:
(i) taking a thick oil sample with the viscosity of 38000mPa & s at 50 ℃, heating the thick oil sample to 70 ℃ for preheating treatment, and obtaining a preheated sample.
(ii) Adding the preheated sample into a reaction kettle, adding the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil prepared in the embodiment, wherein the using amount of the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is 1.5% of the mass of the thick oil based on the mass of copper powder, then carrying out hydrothermal cracking reaction at 160 ℃, stopping heating after reacting for 24 hours, cooling to room temperature, removing water in the thick oil sample after the reaction, measuring the viscosity of the thick oil sample at room temperature, and calculating the viscosity reduction rate.
Example 3
A preparation method of a viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing iron powder and copper powder with the particle sizes of 500 meshes according to the weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixed catalyst, and mixing 20g of the mixed catalyst and diesel oil according to the weight ratio of 1 g: 3ml of the mixed catalyst is mixed in a beaker, then the mouth of the beaker is sealed by a preservative film, heating and ultrasonic dispersion are carried out, and the mixed catalyst dispersion liquid is obtained after heating to 40 ℃ and ultrasonic dispersion for 60 min.
(2) Tween 80 is added into tap water as an emulsifier, and the mass fraction of the emulsifier in the tap water is 0.15%. Then adding the mixed catalyst dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1) into tap water containing the emulsifier, wherein the ratio of the dispersion liquid to the tap water is 1 ml: 15ml, and then carrying out high-speed shearing treatment for 30min to form emulsion, wherein tap water is a continuous phase, and the oil phase coated with copper powder is dispersed in the continuous phase to obtain the thick oil viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent.
2. A method for reducing viscosity of thick oil comprises the following steps:
(i) taking a thick oil sample with the viscosity of 38000mPa & s at 50 ℃, heating the thick oil sample to 70 ℃ for preheating treatment, and obtaining a preheated sample.
(ii) Adding the preheated sample into a reaction kettle, adding the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil prepared in the embodiment, wherein the using amount of the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is 2.0% of the mass of the thick oil based on the mass of the mixed catalyst, then carrying out hydrothermal cracking reaction at 120 ℃, stopping heating after reacting for 24 hours, cooling to room temperature, removing water in the thick oil sample after the reaction, measuring the viscosity of the thick oil sample at the room temperature, and calculating the viscosity reduction rate.
Example 4
A preparation method of a viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing nano iron powder and nickel powder with the particle size of 500 meshes according to the weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixed catalyst, and mixing 20g of the mixed catalyst and oleic acid according to the weight ratio of 1 g: 3ml of the mixed catalyst is mixed in a beaker, then the mouth of the beaker is sealed by a preservative film, heating and ultrasonic dispersion are carried out, and the mixed catalyst dispersion liquid is obtained after heating to 50 ℃ and ultrasonic dispersion for 45 min.
(2) Tween 80 is added into tap water as an emulsifier, and the mass fraction of the emulsifier in distilled water is 0.17%. Then adding the mixed catalyst dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1) into distilled water containing the emulsifier, wherein the ratio of the dispersion liquid to the distilled water is 1 ml: 12ml, and then carrying out high-speed shearing treatment for 30min to form emulsion, wherein distilled water is a continuous phase, and the oil phase coated with copper powder is dispersed in the continuous phase to obtain the thick oil viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent.
2. A method for reducing viscosity of thick oil comprises the following steps:
(i) taking a thick oil sample with the viscosity of 38000mPa & s at 50 ℃, heating the thick oil sample to 70 ℃ for preheating treatment, and obtaining a preheated sample.
(ii) Adding the preheated sample into a reaction kettle, adding the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil prepared in the embodiment, wherein the using amount of the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is 1.0% of the mass of the thick oil based on the mass of the mixed catalyst, then carrying out a hydrothermal cracking reaction at 135 ℃, stopping heating after reacting for 24 hours, cooling to room temperature, removing water in the thick oil sample after the reaction, measuring the viscosity of the thick oil sample at the room temperature, and calculating the viscosity reduction rate.
Example 5
A preparation method of a viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil comprises the following steps:
(1) 20g of iron powder with the grain diameter of 500 meshes is taken for standby.
(2) Adding span 80 serving as an emulsifier into deionized water, wherein the mass fraction of the emulsifier in the deionized water is 0.18%. And (2) adding the iron powder obtained in the step (1) into deionized water containing the emulsifier, wherein the ratio of the iron powder to the deionized water is 1 g: 8ml, and then carrying out high-speed shearing treatment for 30min to form emulsion, thus obtaining the thick oil viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent.
2. A method for reducing viscosity of thick oil comprises the following steps:
(i) taking a thick oil sample with the viscosity of 38000mPa & s at 50 ℃, heating the thick oil sample to 70 ℃ for preheating treatment, and obtaining a preheated sample.
(ii) Adding the preheated sample into a reaction kettle, adding the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil prepared in the embodiment, wherein the using amount of the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is 0.5% of the mass of the thick oil in terms of the mass of iron powder, then carrying out hydrothermal cracking reaction at 140 ℃, stopping heating after reacting for 24 hours, cooling to room temperature, removing water in the thick oil sample after the reaction, measuring the viscosity of the thick oil sample at room temperature, and calculating the viscosity reduction rate.
Example 6
1. A preparation method of a viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil comprises the following steps: 20g of iron powder with the particle size of 500 meshes and rapeseed oil are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1 g: mixing 3ml of the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent in a beaker, sealing the opening of the beaker by using a preservative film, heating and performing ultrasonic dispersion, heating to 55 ℃ and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 40min to obtain the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for the thick oil.
2. A method for reducing viscosity of thick oil comprises the following steps:
(i) taking a thick oil sample with the viscosity of 38000mPa & s at 50 ℃, heating the thick oil sample to 70 ℃ for preheating treatment, and obtaining a preheated sample.
(ii) And adding the preheated sample into a reaction kettle, adding the thick oil viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent prepared in the embodiment, and simultaneously adding deionized water with the volume 8 times that of the thick oil viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent. The using amount of the viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent is 0.5% of the mass of the thick oil by the mass of iron powder in the thick oil viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent, then carrying out hydrothermal cracking reaction at 140 ℃, stopping heating after 24 hours of reaction, removing water in a thick oil sample after the reaction after cooling to room temperature, measuring the viscosity of the thick oil sample at room temperature, and calculating the viscosity-reducing rate.
Example 7
1. A preparation method of a viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil comprises the following steps:
(1) 20g of iron powder with the particle size of 500 meshes and rapeseed oil are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1 g: 3ml of the mixture is mixed in a beaker, then the mouth of the beaker is sealed by a preservative film, and then the beaker is heated and ultrasonically dispersed, and the temperature is increased to 55 ℃ and ultrasonically treated for 40min to obtain iron powder dispersion for later use.
(2) Adding the iron powder dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1) into deionized water, wherein the proportion of the iron powder dispersion liquid to the deionized water is 1 ml: 8ml, and then carrying out high-speed shearing treatment for 30min to form emulsion, wherein deionized water is a continuous phase, and the oil phase coated with iron powder is dispersed in the continuous phase to obtain the thick oil viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent.
2. A method for reducing viscosity of thick oil comprises the following steps:
(i) taking a thick oil sample with the viscosity of 38000mPa & s at 50 ℃, heating the thick oil sample to 70 ℃ for preheating treatment, and obtaining a preheated sample.
(ii) Adding the preheated sample into a reaction kettle, adding the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for thick oil prepared in the embodiment, wherein the using amount of the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is 0.5% of the mass of the thick oil in terms of the mass of iron powder, then carrying out hydrothermal cracking reaction at 140 ℃, stopping heating after reacting for 24 hours, cooling to room temperature, removing water in the thick oil sample after the reaction, measuring the viscosity of the thick oil sample at room temperature, and calculating the viscosity reduction rate.
The viscosity and viscosity reduction rate of the thick oil samples in the above examples were calculated as shown in the following table.
| Example number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Viscosity (Pa. s) | 2633 | 1562 | 1342 | 1851 | 22362 | 25913 | 16428 |
| Viscosity reduction Rate (%) | 91.07 | 93.89 | 94.47 | 93.13 | 38.52 | 31.81 | 56.77 |
From the test results, the viscosity reduction rate of the oil displacement agent for viscosity reduction of thick oil in the three embodiments is kept at a low level, the oil displacement agent for viscosity reduction of thick oil in the three embodiments does not form an emulsion with the water phase, and the oil displacement agent for viscosity reduction of thick oil and the water phase are layered after being added into the reaction kettle subsequently, and the oil displacement agent for viscosity reduction of thick oil is light and floats on the water phase, so that the viscosity reduction effect is influenced. The viscosity reducer prepared by the processes of examples 1-4 has a viscosity reduction rate of more than 91% in 24 hours on thick oil, and therefore, the viscosity reduction effect is good, and the viscosity reduction rate is obviously improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a thick oil viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding micrometer and/or nanometer metal catalyst powder into oil phase, and simultaneously performing ultrasonic dispersion under heating condition to obtain dispersion liquid for later use;
(2) and mixing the dispersion liquid with a water phase, adding an emulsifier, and carrying out high-speed shearing treatment to form an emulsion, wherein the water phase is a continuous phase, and the oil phase coated with the metal catalyst powder is dispersed in the continuous phase to obtain the catalyst.
2. The preparation method of the thick oil viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the metal catalyst comprises at least one of iron powder, copper powder, nickel powder, aluminum powder and zinc powder;
preferably, in step (1), the oil phase comprises any one of oleic acid, diesel oil and vegetable oil.
3. The preparation method of the thick oil viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the ratio of the metal catalyst powder to the oil phase is 1 g: 2-3 ml.
4. The preparation method of the thick oil viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the ultrasonic dispersion time is 30-60 min; preferably, in the step (1), the heating temperature is 40-60 ℃.
5. The method for preparing the viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent for heavy oil according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the ratio of the dispersion to the aqueous phase is controlled to be 1 ml: 8-15 ml; preferably, in the step (2), the aqueous phase includes at least one of tap water, deionized water, distilled water, and the like.
6. The preparation method of the thick oil viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the step (2), the mass fraction of the emulsifier in the water phase is 0.5-2.0%;
preferably, in the step (2), the emulsifier includes any one of an anionic surfactant and a cationic surfactant.
7. The viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent obtained by the preparation method of the viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent for thick oil according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is applied to the field of petroleum engineering.
8. The application of the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent according to claim 7, wherein the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is used for reducing viscosity of thick oil, and comprises the following steps: injecting hot steam into an oil well to preheat the thick oil, then injecting the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent into the oil well, and carrying out catalytic cracking reaction on the thick oil under the action of the hot steam to obtain the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent.
9. Use according to claim 8, wherein the temperature of the hot steam is between 120 and 160 ℃.
10. The use according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is used in an amount of 0.1 to 0.3% by mass of the heavy oil, based on the mass of the metal catalyst powder.
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Inventor after: Huang Zongkui Inventor after: Qu Qingtao Inventor after: Xia Junwei Inventor before: Huang Zongkui Inventor before: Ma Leyao Inventor before: Qu Qingtao Inventor before: Xia Junwei |