CN114057555A - Benzaldehyde preparation process and device with disodium hydrogen phosphate as alkaline catalyst - Google Patents
Benzaldehyde preparation process and device with disodium hydrogen phosphate as alkaline catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN114057555A CN114057555A CN202111285804.7A CN202111285804A CN114057555A CN 114057555 A CN114057555 A CN 114057555A CN 202111285804 A CN202111285804 A CN 202111285804A CN 114057555 A CN114057555 A CN 114057555A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/42—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by hydrolysis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00004—Scale aspects
- B01J2219/00006—Large-scale industrial plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/16—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr
- B01J27/18—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr with metals other than Al or Zr
- B01J27/1802—Salts or mixtures of anhydrides with compounds of other metals than V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, e.g. phosphates, thiophosphates
- B01J27/1806—Salts or mixtures of anhydrides with compounds of other metals than V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, e.g. phosphates, thiophosphates with alkaline or alkaline earth metals
Abstract
The invention discloses a benzaldehyde preparation process and a benzaldehyde preparation device by taking disodium hydrogen phosphate as an alkaline catalyst, which relate to the field of chemical product processing, wherein cinnamaldehyde with the content of 75-95% is taken as a raw material, disodium hydrogen phosphate is taken as an alkaline catalyst, and the benzaldehyde preparation process comprises the following steps: preparing a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, heating, carrying out hydrolysis reaction, carrying out oil-water separation and rectifying. The invention has the advantages that: the adopted disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4) replaces the traditional sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate to be used as an alkaline catalyst, is stable and not decomposed at a high temperature, forms a weak alkaline buffer in an aqueous solution, has the pH value of 1-2% of the solution of 8.8-9.5, is not influenced by the reaction temperature and the reaction time, greatly reduces the risk of aldehyde polymerization, improves the product yield from 65% to about 85%, and has good economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chemical product processing, in particular to a process and a device for preparing benzaldehyde by taking disodium hydrogen phosphate as an alkaline catalyst.
Background
Benzaldehyde (Benzaldehyde) is an organic compound with the molecular formula of C7H6O, and is a colorless liquid. It is found in hyacinth, citronella, cinnamon, iris, and petroselinum roseum. The almond-cherry-nut flavored health care tea has the fragrance of bitter almonds, cherries and nuts, benzaldehyde is widely applied to industries such as food, beverage, tobacco and cosmetics, and particularly, the proportion of almond-flavored food is high in western countries; meanwhile, benzaldehyde is also an important medical intermediate and is a starting material for producing a plurality of medicines.
The benzaldehyde preparation method is mainly prepared by hydrolyzing cinnamaldehyde under the action of an alkaline catalyst. The alkaline catalyst used at present is generally sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, and is generally prepared into a 1-3% aqueous solution for hydrolysis reaction, and because aldehyde substances are easy to generate polymerization reaction under alkaline conditions, including self-polymerization and interpolymerization, the polymerization reaction is easier to generate along with the increase of pH (alkalinity). Sodium hydroxide has strong basicity, while sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate have weak basicity, but under the condition that the hydrolysis reaction temperature exceeds 100 ℃, the sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate continuously decompose and escape carbon dioxide to increase the hydrolysis pH value (basicity), so that the raw material cinnamic aldehyde and the product benzaldehyde are polymerized, and the yield is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provides a process and a device for preparing benzaldehyde by using disodium hydrogen phosphate as an alkaline catalyst. The alkaline catalyst used at present is generally sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, and is generally prepared into a 1-3% aqueous solution for hydrolysis reaction, and because aldehyde substances are easy to generate polymerization reaction under alkaline conditions, including self-polymerization and interpolymerization, the polymerization reaction is easier to generate along with the increase of pH (alkalinity). Sodium hydroxide has strong basicity, while sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate have weak basicity, but under the condition that the hydrolysis reaction temperature exceeds 100 ℃, the sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate continuously decompose and escape carbon dioxide to increase the hydrolysis pH value (basicity), so that the raw material cinnamic aldehyde and the product benzaldehyde are polymerized, and the problem of low yield is caused.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a process for preparing benzaldehyde by using disodium hydrogen phosphate as an alkaline catalyst comprises the following steps of preparing benzaldehyde by using 75-95% of cinnamaldehyde as a raw material and using disodium hydrogen phosphate as an alkaline catalyst, wherein the preparation reaction formula is as follows:
preferably, the process for preparing benzaldehyde by using disodium hydrogen phosphate as an alkaline catalyst comprises the following steps:
preparing a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution: adding a certain amount of water into a hydrolysis reaction kettle, and then adding a certain amount of solid disodium hydrogen phosphate into the hydrolysis reaction kettle under a stirring state to prepare a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution;
heating: heating a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution in a hydrolysis reaction kettle to a boiling state, wherein the kettle temperature is 102-105 ℃;
and (3) hydrolysis reaction: dripping a raw material cinnamic aldehyde into a hydrolysis reaction kettle from a cinnamic aldehyde high-temperature tank for hydrolysis reaction, and conveying a reaction product to a distillation tower;
oil-water separation: after the distillation tower is subjected to total reflux for a period of time, discharging to an oil-water separator, wherein the upper layer of water returns to the hydrolysis reaction kettle, and the lower layer of oil enters a crude benzaldehyde receiving tank;
and (3) rectification: conveying the crude benzaldehyde received in the crude benzaldehyde receiving tank to a rectifying still for rectifying to obtain a finished benzaldehyde product.
Preferably, the mass percentage concentration of the disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution is 1-2%, and the pH value of the disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution is 8.8-9.5.
Preferably, the content of benzaldehyde in the crude benzaldehyde product is greater than or equal to 95%.
The benzaldehyde preparation device comprises a hydrolysis reaction kettle, wherein a feeding port of the hydrolysis reaction kettle is communicated with a cinnamic aldehyde elevated tank, the cinnamic aldehyde elevated tank is vertically higher than the hydrolysis reaction kettle, a discharge port of the hydrolysis reaction kettle is communicated with a distillation tower through a discharge air pump, a reflux section is arranged at the upper end of the distillation tower and communicated with a distributor, a discharge port of the distributor is communicated with an oil-water separator, and a discharge port at the upper end of the oil-water separator is communicated with the hydrolysis reaction kettle.
Optionally, a discharge port at the lower end of the oil-water separator is communicated with the benzaldehyde crude product receiving tank, and a discharge port of the benzaldehyde crude product receiving tank is communicated with the benzaldehyde rectifying kettle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the method uses disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4) to replace the traditional sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate as an alkaline catalyst, because the disodium hydrogen phosphate is stable and not decomposed in boiling water, and forms an alkalescent buffer in an aqueous solution, the pH value of 1-2% of the solution is 8.8-9.5, the method is not influenced by reaction temperature and reaction time, the pH value is always kept at about 9 alkalescent conditions, the risk of aldehyde polymerization is greatly reduced, the raw material cinnamic aldehyde enters a hydrolysis kettle for hydrolysis reaction in a dropping mode, meanwhile, the generated benzaldehyde and water form an azeotropic separation reaction system as soon as possible, an aqueous layer returns to the reaction kettle through an oil-water separator, an oil layer is collected and rectified, and the product yield is improved from 65% to about 85%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the production process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection of the production apparatus of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
1. a hydrolysis reaction kettle; 2. a cinnamic aldehyde elevated tank; 3. a discharge air pump; 4. a distillation column; 5. a dispenser; 6. an oil-water separator; 7. a benzaldehyde crude product receiving tank; 8. benzaldehyde rectifying still.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 2, the invention provides a benzaldehyde preparation device using disodium hydrogen phosphate as an alkaline catalyst, which comprises a hydrolysis reaction kettle 1, wherein a feeding port of the hydrolysis reaction kettle 1 is communicated with a cinnamic aldehyde elevated tank 2, the cinnamic aldehyde elevated tank 2 is vertically higher than the hydrolysis reaction kettle 1, a discharging port of the hydrolysis reaction kettle 1 is communicated with a distillation tower 4 through a discharging air pump 3, the upper end of the distillation tower 4 is provided with a reflux section, the reflux section is communicated with a distributor 5, a discharging port of the distributor 5 is communicated with an oil-water separator 6, a discharging port of the upper end of the oil-water separator 6 is communicated with the hydrolysis reaction kettle, a discharging port of the lower end of the oil-water separator 6 is communicated with a benzaldehyde crude product receiving tank 7, and a discharging port of the benzaldehyde crude product receiving tank 7 is communicated with a benzaldehyde rectifying kettle 8.
The process for preparing benzaldehyde using disodium hydrogen phosphate as an alkaline catalyst is further described, and the process for preparing benzaldehyde using disodium hydrogen phosphate as an alkaline catalyst according to the present invention is explained in detail by the following preferred embodiments:
example one
Preparing a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution: adding a certain amount of water into a hydrolysis reaction kettle, and then adding a certain amount of solid disodium hydrogen phosphate into the hydrolysis reaction kettle in a stirring state to prepare a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 1%;
heating: heating a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution in a hydrolysis reaction kettle to a boiling state, wherein the kettle temperature is 102 ℃;
and (3) hydrolysis reaction: dripping raw material cinnamic aldehyde with the content of 75.6 percent from a cinnamic aldehyde high-temperature tank into a hydrolysis reaction kettle for hydrolysis reaction, and conveying a reaction product to a distillation tower;
oil-water separation: after the distillation tower is subjected to total reflux for a period of time, discharging to an oil-water separator, wherein in the oil-water separator, the upper layer of water returns to the hydrolysis reaction kettle, the lower layer of oil layer enters a benzaldehyde crude product receiving tank, and the content of benzaldehyde in the benzaldehyde crude product is controlled to be more than or equal to 95% by adjusting the discharging flow;
and (3) rectification: conveying the crude benzaldehyde received in the crude benzaldehyde receiving tank to a rectifying still for rectifying to obtain a finished benzaldehyde product.
Example two
Preparing a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution: adding a certain amount of water into a hydrolysis reaction kettle, and then adding a certain amount of solid disodium hydrogen phosphate into the hydrolysis reaction kettle in a stirring state to prepare a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2%;
heating: heating a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution in a hydrolysis reaction kettle to a boiling state, wherein the kettle temperature is 105 ℃;
and (3) hydrolysis reaction: dripping raw material cinnamic aldehyde with the content of 95.2 percent from a cinnamic aldehyde high-temperature tank into a hydrolysis reaction kettle for hydrolysis reaction, and conveying a reaction product to a distillation tower;
oil-water separation: after the distillation tower is subjected to total reflux for a period of time, discharging to an oil-water separator, wherein in the oil-water separator, the upper layer of water returns to the hydrolysis reaction kettle, the lower layer of oil layer enters a benzaldehyde crude product receiving tank, and the content of benzaldehyde in the benzaldehyde crude product is controlled to be more than or equal to 95% by adjusting the discharging flow;
and (3) rectification: conveying the crude benzaldehyde received in the crude benzaldehyde receiving tank to a rectifying still for rectifying to obtain a finished benzaldehyde product.
EXAMPLE III
Preparing a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution: adding a certain amount of water into a hydrolysis reaction kettle, and then adding a certain amount of solid disodium hydrogen phosphate into the hydrolysis reaction kettle in a stirring state to prepare a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 1.5%;
heating: heating a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution in a hydrolysis reaction kettle to a boiling state, wherein the kettle temperature is 103 ℃;
and (3) hydrolysis reaction: dripping 89.7 percent of raw material cinnamic aldehyde into a hydrolysis reaction kettle from a cinnamic aldehyde high-temperature tank for hydrolysis reaction, and conveying a reaction product to a distillation tower;
oil-water separation: after the distillation tower is subjected to total reflux for a period of time, discharging to an oil-water separator, wherein in the oil-water separator, the upper layer of water returns to the hydrolysis reaction kettle, the lower layer of oil layer enters a benzaldehyde crude product receiving tank, and the content of benzaldehyde in the benzaldehyde crude product is controlled to be more than or equal to 95% by adjusting the discharging flow;
and (3) rectification: conveying the crude benzaldehyde received in the crude benzaldehyde receiving tank to a rectifying still for rectifying to obtain a finished benzaldehyde product.
Comparative example 1
Preparing a sodium carbonate aqueous solution: adding a certain amount of water into a hydrolysis reaction kettle, and then adding a certain amount of solid sodium carbonate into the hydrolysis reaction kettle in a stirring state to prepare a sodium carbonate aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2%;
heating: heating a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution in a hydrolysis reaction kettle to a boiling state, wherein the kettle temperature is 105 ℃;
and (3) hydrolysis reaction: dripping 89.7 percent of raw material cinnamic aldehyde into a hydrolysis reaction kettle from a cinnamic aldehyde high-temperature tank for hydrolysis reaction, and conveying a reaction product to a distillation tower;
oil-water separation: after the distillation tower is subjected to total reflux for a period of time, discharging to an oil-water separator, wherein the upper layer of water returns to the hydrolysis reaction kettle, and the lower layer of oil enters a crude benzaldehyde receiving tank;
and (3) rectification: conveying the crude benzaldehyde received in the crude benzaldehyde receiving tank to a rectifying still for rectifying to obtain a finished benzaldehyde product.
Comparative example No. two
Preparing a sodium bicarbonate water solution: adding a certain amount of water into a hydrolysis reaction kettle, and then adding a certain amount of solid sodium bicarbonate into the hydrolysis reaction kettle under a stirring state to prepare a sodium bicarbonate water solution with the mass percentage concentration of 3%;
heating: heating a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution in a hydrolysis reaction kettle to a boiling state, wherein the kettle temperature is 105 ℃;
and (3) hydrolysis reaction: dripping 89.7 percent of raw material cinnamic aldehyde into a hydrolysis reaction kettle from a cinnamic aldehyde high-temperature tank for hydrolysis reaction, and conveying a reaction product to a distillation tower;
oil-water separation: after the distillation tower is subjected to total reflux for a period of time, discharging to an oil-water separator, wherein the upper layer of water returns to the hydrolysis reaction kettle, and the lower layer of oil enters a crude benzaldehyde receiving tank;
and (3) rectification: conveying the crude benzaldehyde received in the crude benzaldehyde receiving tank to a rectifying still for rectifying to obtain a finished benzaldehyde product.
Reaction parameter detection
The PH values of the aqueous solutions of example one, example two, example three, comparative example one and comparative example two before and after production were measured, respectively, and the final product yield of benzaldehyde was calculated from the finished benzaldehyde product, and the results are shown in the following table:
from the above table, the disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4) adopted by the invention replaces the traditional sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate to be used as an alkaline catalyst, is stable and not decomposed at high temperature, forms a weak alkaline buffer in the aqueous solution, has the pH value of 1-2% of the aqueous solution of the disodium hydrogen phosphate of 8.8-9.5, is not influenced by the reaction temperature and the reaction time, greatly reduces the risk of aldehyde polymerization, improves the product yield from 65% to about 85%, and has good economic benefit.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A process for preparing benzaldehyde by using disodium hydrogen phosphate as an alkaline catalyst is characterized in that cinnamaldehyde with the content of 75% -95% is used as a raw material, disodium hydrogen phosphate is used as the alkaline catalyst, and the preparation reaction formula is as follows:
2. the process for preparing benzaldehyde using disodium hydrogen phosphate as an alkaline catalyst according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
preparing a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution: adding a certain amount of water into a hydrolysis reaction kettle, and then adding a certain amount of solid disodium hydrogen phosphate into the hydrolysis reaction kettle under a stirring state to prepare a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution;
heating: heating a disodium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution in a hydrolysis reaction kettle to a boiling state, wherein the kettle temperature is 102-105 ℃;
and (3) hydrolysis reaction: dripping a raw material cinnamic aldehyde into a hydrolysis reaction kettle from a cinnamic aldehyde high-temperature tank for hydrolysis reaction, and conveying a reaction product in an azeotropic state to a distillation tower;
oil-water separation: after the distillation tower is subjected to total reflux for a period of time, discharging to an oil-water separator, wherein the upper layer of water returns to the hydrolysis reaction kettle, and the lower layer of oil enters a crude benzaldehyde receiving tank;
and (3) rectification: conveying the crude benzaldehyde received in the crude benzaldehyde receiving tank to a rectifying still for rectifying to obtain a finished benzaldehyde product.
3. The process for preparing benzaldehyde by using disodium hydrogen phosphate as an alkaline catalyst according to claim 2, wherein the concentration of the aqueous solution of disodium hydrogen phosphate is 1% to 2% by mass, and the pH value of the aqueous solution of disodium hydrogen phosphate is 8.8 to 9.5.
4. The process for preparing benzaldehyde by using disodium hydrogen phosphate as a basic catalyst, according to claim 2, wherein the content of benzaldehyde in the crude benzaldehyde product is greater than or equal to 95%.
5. The utility model provides an use disodium hydrogen phosphate as benzaldehyde preparation facilities of alkaline catalyst which characterized in that, includes hydrolysis reaction cauldron (1), hydrolysis reaction cauldron (1) pan feeding mouth and cinnamaldehyde elevated tank (2) intercommunication, the vertical height in cinnamaldehyde elevated tank (2) is higher than hydrolysis reaction cauldron (1), hydrolysis reaction cauldron (1) discharge gate is through ejection of compact air pump (3) and distillation column (4) intercommunication, distillation column (4) upper end is provided with the backward flow section, backward flow section and distributor (5) intercommunication, distributor (5) discharge gate and oil water separator (6) intercommunication, oil water separator (6) upper end discharge gate and hydrolysis reaction cauldron intercommunication.
6. The benzaldehyde preparation apparatus using disodium hydrogen phosphate as a basic catalyst as claimed in claim 5, wherein a discharge port at a lower end of the oil-water separator (6) is communicated with a crude benzaldehyde receiving tank (7), and a discharge port of the crude benzaldehyde receiving tank (7) is communicated with a benzaldehyde rectifying still (8).
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| CN106083540A (en) * | 2016-06-18 | 2016-11-09 | 中山大学惠州研究院 | A kind of method utilizing phase transfer catalyst to prepare natural benzaldehyde |
| CN109534970A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-29 | 湖南湘硕化工有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-purity natural benzaldehyde |
| CN110343035A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-10-18 | 福建森美达生物科技有限公司 | A method of injection continuous hydrolysis prepares natural benzaldehyde |
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2021
- 2021-11-02 CN CN202111285804.7A patent/CN114057555A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87102212A (en) * | 1986-04-25 | 1987-11-04 | 马林克罗特有限公司 | Method for catalytic hydrolysis of alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds |
| CN1911891A (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2007-02-14 | 上海华盛香料厂 | Preparation method of natural benzaldehyde |
| CN101985414A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2011-03-16 | 高要市华新香料有限公司 | Production method for natural benzaldehyde |
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