CN114056443A

CN114056443A - Rear spoiler for a motor vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN114056443A
Application number: CN202110887992.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 凯文·居依; 马丁·卡拉姆康; 塞巴斯蒂安·马松
Original assignee: Plastic Omnium SE
Current assignee: Plastic Omnium SE
Priority date: 2020-08-05
Filing date: 2021-08-03
Publication date: 2022-02-18
Also published as: FR3113276B1; FR3113276A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a rear spoiler (30) for a motor vehicle (10), comprising at least three aerodynamic elements, including a central aerodynamic element (31) and two lateral aerodynamic elements (32). The aerodynamic elements (31, 32) are movable independently of each other between a stowed position and a deployed position. In the deployed position, each of the two lateral aerodynamic elements (32) is substantially in contact with the central aerodynamic element (31).

Description

Rear spoiler for a motor vehicle

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of automobiles, and more particularly to the field of rear spoilers for motor vehicles comprising an aerodynamic element movable between a stowed position and a deployed position.

Background

There is a body part forming an extension in the rear of the vehicle and intended to improve the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle on which it is arranged, such a body part being called rear spoiler (english "spoeller"). They are generally located in the upper and/or side portions of the rear of the vehicle, at the edges of the window. The rear spoiler is fixed on the roof or on the tailgate, projecting horizontally or vertically toward the rear of the vehicle.

At low speeds, this aerodynamic use is lost and the rear spoiler, if it remains fixed in the deployed position, disrupts the curve harmony of the rear part of the vehicle. For this reason it is desirable to make it as invisible as possible at low speeds or when parking.

Spoilers are known which comprise a movable aerodynamic element which can assume, depending on the vehicle speed, two different positions:

-a deployed position, i.e. a position that allows improving aerodynamic performance by offsetting the air separation point further towards the rear of the vehicle with respect to the vehicle when the vehicle reaches and exceeds a first predetermined speed, which allows reducing pressure drag, air flow separation (les colliements), floor drag (les volumes) and turbulence;

-a stowed position, i.e. a position which allows the rear spoiler to disappear in the line of sight when the vehicle is travelling below a second predetermined speed and when the vehicle is parked.

The transition from the stowed position to the deployed position is achieved by a moving means that generally includes a motor for deploying the rear spoiler.

However, the use of a moving device capable of fully ensuring the deployment and retraction of the rear spoiler may cause some inconvenience.

In practice, arranging a mobile device with a sufficiently powerful motor, for example, may first cause problems in terms of volume. In practice, the space available inside the bodywork elements is limited, since designers strive to refine these bodywork elements as much as possible in order to make them as delicate as possible. It is therefore necessary to miniaturize the apparatus as much as possible in order to fit it into the bodywork element, but at the same time to keep its power large enough to allow the deployment of the movable aerodynamic element.

Moreover, the introduction of sufficiently powerful mobile devices runs counter to the strive to reduce the weight of the on-board components on the motor vehicle.

Vehicles are also known that include such rear spoiler and wing portions that are each movable between a stowed position and a deployed position. These aerodynamic elements are more easily moved than spoilers covering an approximately equal surface. However, they are not as aerodynamic as unitary spoilers with substantially equal surfaces because there is a loss of aerodynamic continuity or sealing between the wing and the aft spoiler. Furthermore, the visual effect is also less satisfactory due to the presence of interruptions in the lines of the bodywork of the vehicle.

Disclosure of Invention

It is, inter alia, an object of the invention to provide an improved rear spoiler.

To this end, the subject of the invention is a rear spoiler for a motor vehicle, comprising at least three aerodynamic elements, comprising:

a central aerodynamic element, and

-two lateral aerodynamic elements,

wherein the aerodynamic elements are movable independently of each other between a stowed position and a deployed position, and wherein in the deployed position each of the two side aerodynamic elements is substantially in contact with the central aerodynamic element.

The rear spoiler consists of three aerodynamic elements that are movable independently of each other, which allows to provide a moving means, for example one or more motors, which is less powerful than if the rear spoiler consists of a single aerodynamic element with a surface that is substantially equal to the three aerodynamic elements. Good aerodynamic performance is thus obtained, while less powerful and therefore generally lighter and smaller moving means are required, which allows to reduce the weight of the rear spoiler and therefore of the vehicle. Furthermore, integrating a three-piece rear spoiler on a vehicle or vehicle tailgate is simpler than integrating a one-piece spoiler having substantially equal aerodynamic surfaces.

Furthermore, since each of the two lateral aerodynamic elements is substantially in contact with the central aerodynamic element, an aerodynamic continuity and a seal is formed between these aerodynamic elements, which allows to improve the aerodynamic performance of the spoiler. Furthermore, when the aerodynamic elements are deployed, a continuity of the body line and thus of the shaping is also obtained, which produces a pleasant visual effect. By "substantially in contact" is meant that the gap between the aerodynamic elements involved is less than 3 cm. In other words, when the two aerodynamic elements involved are deployed, the greater distance between them is less than 3 cm.

The invention also provides the following optional features taken alone or in combination:

the distance between one of the lateral aerodynamic elements and the central aerodynamic element is less than 1 cm.

The spoiler comprises maintaining means configured to maintain the lateral aerodynamic elements and the central aerodynamic element substantially in contact when they are in the deployed position.

In the spoiler:

-the central aerodynamic element has two first relief portions, an

-each of said lateral aerodynamic elements has a second relief having a shape at least partially complementary to the shape of one of said two first reliefs, respectively, so as to allow engagement when said aerodynamic element is in the deployed position.

Each of the first undulations comprises a convex portion, and each of the second undulations comprises a concave portion as follows: one of the convex portions of the first relief portion is adapted to be at least partially received in the concave portion when the aerodynamic element is in the deployed position.

Each of the second undulations comprises a convex portion, and each of the first undulations comprises a concave portion as follows: one of the protrusions of the second relief is adapted to be at least partially received in the recess when the aerodynamic element is in the deployed position.

The spoiler further comprises moving means adapted to move the aerodynamic elements between the stowed position and the deployed position independently of each other.

The subject of the invention is also a tailgate for a motor vehicle, comprising a spoiler as described above.

in the tailgate:

-the central aerodynamic element is integrated in an upper pillar (un montant cour) of the tailgate;

-a first one of said lateral aerodynamic elements is integrated in a first lateral upright of said tailgate; and

-a second one of said lateral aerodynamic elements is integrated in a second lateral upright of said tailgate opposite to said first lateral upright of said tailgate.

At least a portion of the mobile device is integrated in the tailgate.

The subject of the invention is also a motor vehicle comprising a spoiler as described above, wherein:

-the central aerodynamic element is integrated in an upper pillar of a tailgate of the vehicle, or in a portion of a roof of the vehicle adjacent to the tailgate;

-a first of said side aerodynamic elements is integrated in a first rear pillar (pilier arrire) of the vehicle, or in a first side pillar of a tailgate of the vehicle; and-a second of said lateral aerodynamic elements is integrated in a second rear pillar of said vehicle opposite to said first rear pillar, or in a second side pillar of a rear door of said vehicle opposite to a first side pillar of a rear door of said vehicle,

and each aerodynamic element being movable between a stowed position and a deployed position, the vehicle being configured such that: in the deployed position, each of the lateral aerodynamic elements is substantially in contact with the central aerodynamic element.

In one embodiment, the vehicle comprises a tailgate as described above.

Drawings

The invention will be better understood by reading the following description, provided purely by way of example and made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rear portion of a vehicle equipped with a rear spoiler in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, with an aerodynamic element in a stowed position.

Figure 2 is a perspective view similar to figure 1 with the aerodynamic element in a deployed position.

Fig. 3 is a front view of a rear portion of the vehicle of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a front view of a rear portion of the vehicle of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a rear portion of the vehicle of fig. 1 and 3.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a rear portion of the vehicle of fig. 2 and 4.

Fig. 7 is a schematic longitudinal section of a part of a vehicle aerodynamic element according to a first embodiment of the invention in a deployed position.

Fig. 8 is a schematic longitudinal section of a part of a vehicle aerodynamic element according to a second embodiment of the invention in a deployed position.

Fig. 9 is a schematic longitudinal section of a part of a vehicle aerodynamic element according to a third embodiment of the invention in a deployed position.

Fig. 10 is a schematic longitudinal section of a part of a vehicle aerodynamic element according to a fourth embodiment of the invention in a deployed position.

Fig. 11 is a schematic longitudinal section of a part of a vehicle aerodynamic element according to a fifth embodiment of the invention in a deployed position.

FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of the vehicle of FIG. 1 with the aerodynamic elements in a stowed position.

Figure 13 is a schematic view similar to figure 12 with the aerodynamic element in a deployed position.

Detailed Description

In fig. 1 to 10, a vehicle comprising a tailgate and a spoiler according to a first embodiment of the invention is shown.

The vehicle 10 includes a tailgate 20 and a rear spoiler 30.

The rear spoiler 30 comprises three aerodynamic elements, which are divided into a central aerodynamic element 31 and two lateral aerodynamic elements 32.

The central aerodynamic element 31 forms a panel having a length slightly less than the width of the roof 11 of the vehicle 10 and the upper pillar 21 of the tailgate 20. Each end of the central aerodynamic element 31 is bent downwards with reference to the usual orientation of the motor vehicle. Each of these ends has undulations 33. In the present embodiment, the undulation portion 33 includes the convex portion 36 and the hollow portion. The reliefs 36 of the reliefs 33 are present on the inner edge of the end of the central aerodynamic element 31, while the empty spaces are provided on the outer edge of the end of the central aerodynamic element 31 (see figure 7). The outer and inner edges are named with reference to the directions toward the outside of the vehicle and toward the rear window of the tailgate 20 on which the spoiler is mounted, respectively. The central aerodynamic element 31 is integrated in the upper pillar 21 of the tailgate 20 (see fig. 1 and 5). Alternatively, it may be provided integrated in a portion of the roof 11 of the vehicle 10 adjacent to the tailgate 20.

The central aerodynamic element 31 is mounted so as to be movable in translation between a stowed position (see fig. 1, 3, 5 and 12) and a deployed position (see fig. 2, 4, 6 and 13). In the stowed position, the central aerodynamic element 31 is housed inside the upper pillar 21 of the tailgate 20, so that its outer surface forms a continuity of the body line with this upper pillar 21, which improves the aesthetic appearance of the vehicle 10. The transition from the stowed position to the deployed position and vice versa is achieved by a moving means (not shown), which in this example comprises a motor. Any other movement means suitable for bringing the central aerodynamic element 31 from the stowed position to the deployed position and vice versa may be provided for use.

In the present example, the central aerodynamic element 31 is a single piece. The central aerodynamic element 31 may be provided to be constituted by a plurality of parts which are movable independently of each other between the stowed position and the deployed position.

Each side aerodynamic element 32 forms a plate having a length slightly less than the length of the side pillar 22 of the tailgate 20. Each of them has undulations 34 at its end adjacent to the central aerodynamic element 31. In the present embodiment, the undulation portion 34 includes a convex portion 39 and a hollow portion. The reliefs 39 of the reliefs 34 are present on the outer edge of the end of the side aerodynamic element 32, while the empty spaces are provided on the inner edge of this end of the side aerodynamic element 32 (see figure 7). The

undulations

33, 34 of the central aerodynamic element 31 and of the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 therefore have complementary shapes so as to allow engagement when the

aerodynamic elements

31, 32 are in the deployed position (see figure 7). More specifically, in the deployed position, the protrusions 36 of each relief 33 of a central aerodynamic element 31 are housed in the hollows of the reliefs 34 of the side aerodynamic element 32 adjacent thereto, while the protrusions 39 of the respective reliefs 34 of the side aerodynamic elements 32 are housed in the hollows of the reliefs 33 of the central aerodynamic element 31 adjacent thereto.

The side aerodynamic elements 32 are mounted so as to be rotationally movable independently of each other between a stowed position (see fig. 1, 3, 5 and 12) and a deployed position (see fig. 2, 4, 6 and 13). This rotation is effected about the longitudinal axis of the side aerodynamic element 32 at the lateral end by which the side aerodynamic element 32 is fixed to the side pillar 22 of the tailgate 20. A first one of the side aerodynamic elements 32 is integrated in the first side pillar 22 of the tailgate 20 and a second one of the side aerodynamic elements 32 is integrated in the second side pillar 22 of the tailgate 20 opposite to the first side pillar 22 of the tailgate 20. In the stowed position, the side aerodynamic elements 32 form a portion of the outer surface of the side pillars 22 of the tailgate 20 so as to form a body line continuity with the remainder of the outer surface of the side pillars 22. The transition from the stowed position to the deployed position and vice versa is achieved by a moving means 35, which in this example comprises a motor.

Each

aerodynamic element

31, 32 comprises its own mobile means operating independently of each other. Any other movement means suitable for bringing one of the

aerodynamic elements

31, 32 from the stowed position to the deployed position and from the deployed position to the stowed position may be provided. The inclusion of a dedicated moving means for each

aerodynamic element

31, 32 allows to set the power of these moving means less large than in the case where the moving means have to move such a spoiler in a single piece whose aerodynamic surface is substantially equal to the aerodynamic surface formed by the three

aerodynamic elements

31, 32.

The integration of the side aerodynamic elements 32 and the central aerodynamic element 31 in the tailgate 20 allows for easy mounting of the rear spoiler on the vehicle 10, since the rear spoiler 30 can be mounted simultaneously by just mounting the tailgate 20.

When all the

aerodynamic elements

31, 32 are in the deployed position, the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 are substantially in contact with the central aerodynamic element 31 at their

respective undulations

33, 34. The distance between the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 and the central aerodynamic element 31 is in particular less than 1cm, preferably less than 0.5cm, more preferably less than 0.3 cm. Thus, when the

aerodynamic elements

31, 32 are in the deployed position, the rear spoiler 30 has an aerodynamic continuity and sealing, which allows to obtain good aerodynamic performance.

The rear spoiler 30 may be provided to include a maintaining means configured to maintain the side aerodynamic elements 32 and the central aerodynamic element 31 in substantial contact when they are in the deployed position. These retaining means are formed, for example, by a mechanical locking, such as a ball-and-socket joint or a pin, at the interface between the central aerodynamic element 31 and one of the lateral aerodynamic elements 32, or by a locking by a holding moment (main de couple) at the moving means of these

aerodynamic elements

31, 32.

The operation mode of the rear spoiler 30 of the first embodiment will be described below.

When the rear spoiler 30 is not necessary or desired by the driver of the vehicle 10, the

aerodynamic elements

31, 32 are in the stowed position (see fig. 1, 3, 5 and 12). Deployment of the spoiler 30 may be manipulated by the driver when the presence of the rear spoiler 30 is desired, such as to improve the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle 10 traveling at high speeds, or may occur automatically, such as when the vehicle 10 reaches a predetermined speed. To achieve this deployment of the rear spoiler 30, in a first step the moving means 35 cause the side aerodynamic elements 32 to switch from the stowed position to the deployed position according to a rotational movement. In a second step, the moving means (not shown) of the central aerodynamic element 31 cause the transition of this central aerodynamic element 31 from the stowed position to the deployed position according to a translational movement. During this translation, the lobes 36 of the reliefs 33 of the central aerodynamic element 31 occupy the spaces in the hollows of the reliefs 34 of the lateral aerodynamic elements 32, respectively, so that the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 and the central aerodynamic element 31 engage to form the rear spoiler 30 (see fig. 2, 4, 6, 7 and 13). After engagement, the

aerodynamic elements

31, 32 contact each other and thereby form an aerodynamic continuity and a seal to improve the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle 10.

Other deployment motions of the rear spoiler 30 may be provided.

For example, the side aerodynamic elements 32 may be arranged to be also movable in translation. In this case, the switching of all the

aerodynamic elements

31, 32 from the stowed position to the deployed position can be performed simultaneously or staggered, regardless of the order of switching between the different

aerodynamic elements

31, 32 to the deployed position.

Alternatively, it may be provided that the central aerodynamic element 31 is rotationally movable between a stowed position and a deployed position, while the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 are translationally movable between a stowed position and a deployed position. In this case, the deployment of the rear spoiler 30 comprises a first step of rotation of the central aerodynamic element 31 and then a second step of translation of the lateral aerodynamic elements 32.

A second embodiment of the rear spoiler 30 according to the present invention shown in fig. 8 will now be described.

This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the reliefs 36 of the reliefs 33 of the central aerodynamic element 31 are present on the outer edge of the end of the central aerodynamic element 31, while the empty spaces are provided on the inner edge of the end of the central aerodynamic element 31 (see fig. 8). Furthermore, the reliefs 39 of the undulations 34 of the side aerodynamic elements 32 are present on the inner edge of the end of the side aerodynamic elements 32, while the empty spaces are provided on the outer edge of this end of the side aerodynamic elements 32 (see fig. 8). Finally, the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the central aerodynamic element 31 is rotationally movable between a stowed position and a deployed position, and the side aerodynamic elements are translationally movable between a stowed position and a deployed position. Thus, the deployment of the rear spoiler 30 comprises a first step of rotation of the central aerodynamic element 31 into the deployed position and then a second step of translation of the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 into the deployed position, so as to form the rear spoiler 30.

Other deployment motions of the aft spoiler 30 may be provided as with the first embodiment.

For example, the side aerodynamic elements 32 may be arranged to be also rotationally movable between a stowed position and a deployed position. In this case, the deployment of the rear spoiler 30 comprises the rotation of the central aerodynamic element 31 towards the deployed position and then the rotation of the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 towards the deployed position. Alternatively, these rotations may occur simultaneously.

Alternatively, the central aerodynamic element 31 may be provided translationally movable between the stowed and deployed positions, while the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 are rotationally movable between the stowed and deployed positions. In this case, the deployment of the rear spoiler 30 comprises a first step of rotation of the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 and then a second step of translation of the central aerodynamic element 31. It may also be provided to reverse the order of the steps or to implement the steps simultaneously.

Alternatively, the central aerodynamic element 31 and the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 may be provided translationally movable between the stowed position and the deployed position. In this case, the deployment of the rear spoiler 30, whether in staggered or simultaneous manner, involves the translation of these

aerodynamic elements

31, 32 to their deployed position.

A third embodiment of the rear spoiler 30 according to the present invention shown in fig. 9 will now be described.

This third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that each relief 33 of the central aerodynamic element 31 comprises, in addition to the projections 36, also recesses 37. The concave portion 37 opens to the outside of the vehicle 10, and the convex portion 36 is directed to the outside of the vehicle 10 (see fig. 9). Furthermore, the lateral aerodynamic element 32 itself likewise comprises, in addition to the projection 39, a recess 38. The recess 38 opens to the rear window of the vehicle 10, while the protrusion 39 is directed toward the rear window of the vehicle 10. In the same way as in the first embodiment, the deployment of the rear spoiler 30 comprises the steps of rotating the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 into the deployed position and then translating the central aerodynamic element 31 into the deployed position. In the deployed position, the protrusions 39 of the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 are accommodated in the recesses 37 of the central aerodynamic element 31, while the protrusions 36 of the central aerodynamic element 31 are accommodated in the respective recesses 38 of the lateral aerodynamic elements 32. In this way, it is facilitated and more reliable to maintain the

aerodynamic elements

31, 32 in the deployed position.

Other deployment motions of the aft spoiler 30 may be provided as with the previous embodiments.

Alternatively, the side aerodynamic elements 32 may be arranged to be also translationally movable between the stowed and deployed positions. In this case, the deployment of the rear spoiler 30, whether in staggered or simultaneous manner, involves the translation of these

aerodynamic elements

31, 32 to their deployed position.

Alternatively, it may be provided that the central aerodynamic element 31 is rotationally movable between a stowed position and a deployed position, and that the side aerodynamic elements 32 are translationally movable between a stowed position and a deployed position. In this case, the deployment of the rear spoiler 30 comprises a first step of rotation of the central aerodynamic element 31 and then a second step of translation of the lateral aerodynamic elements 32.

A fourth embodiment of the rear spoiler 30 according to the present invention shown in fig. 10 will now be described.

The fourth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the convex portions 36 of the undulations 33 of the central aerodynamic element 31 extend laterally in the direction of the windows of the vehicle 10 (see fig. 10). Furthermore, the relief 34 of the lateral aerodynamic element 32 comprises, in addition to the projection 39, a recess 38. The recess 38 opens to the outside of the vehicle 10, while the protrusion 39 points to the outside of the vehicle 10. Finally, in this embodiment, the central aerodynamic element 31 is rotationally movable between a stowed position and a deployed position, and the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 are translationally movable between a stowed position and a deployed position. The deployment of the rear spoiler 30 thus comprises a first step of rotation of the central aerodynamic element 31 into the deployed position and a second step of translation of the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 into the deployed position. In the deployed position, the protrusions 36 of the undulations 33 are received in the recesses 38 of the undulations 34 (see fig. 10).

aerodynamic elements

31, 32 to their deployed position.

Alternatively, the central aerodynamic element 31 and the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 may be provided rotationally movable between a stowed position and a deployed position. In this case, the deployment of the rear spoiler 30 comprises the rotation of the central aerodynamic element 31 towards the deployed position and then the rotation of the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 towards the deployed position.

A fifth embodiment of the rear spoiler 30 according to the present invention shown in fig. 11 will now be described.

The fifth embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment in that each relief 33 of the central aerodynamic element 31 further comprises a second protrusion 36 extending substantially perpendicularly to the first protrusion 36. This creates a shoulder between the two projections 36 of the relief 33. The relief 34 differs from the fourth embodiment in that it comprises a recess suitable for housing the second protrusion 36 when the

aerodynamic elements

31, 32 are in the deployed position. This configuration allows a better maintenance to be obtained between the different

aerodynamic elements

31, 32. In this embodiment, the central aerodynamic element 31 is rotationally movable between a stowed position and a deployed position, while the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 are translationally movable between a stowed position and a deployed position. The deployment of the rear spoiler 30 thus comprises a first step of rotation of the central aerodynamic element 31 into the deployed position and a second step of translation of the lateral aerodynamic elements 32 into the deployed position. In the deployed position, the first protrusions 36 of the undulations 33 are received in the respective recesses 38 of the undulations 34 (see fig. 11). The second convex portion 36 of the undulating portion 33 abuts against the undulating portion 34 at the vacant portion of the undulating portion 34.

aerodynamic elements

31, 32 to their deployed position.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments described and other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. It is particularly feasible to provide the side aerodynamic elements 32 not integrated in the tailgate 20, but rather each integrated in one of the rear pillars (not shown) of the vehicle 10.

List of reference numerals

10: motor vehicle

11: motor vehicle roof

20: tail door

21: upper upright post of tail gate

22: side column of tail gate

30: rear spoiler

31: central aerodynamic element

32: side aerodynamic element

33: relief of central aerodynamic element

34: relief of a side aerodynamic element

35: device for moving side aerodynamic elements

36: convex portions of the undulating portions 33

37: concave portion of undulation 33

38: concave portion of relief portion 34

39: the convex portions of the relief portion 34.

Claims

1. A rear spoiler (30) for a motor vehicle (10), the spoiler (30) comprising at least three aerodynamic elements, the at least three aerodynamic elements comprising:

-a central aerodynamic element (31), and

-two lateral aerodynamic elements (32),

wherein the aerodynamic elements (31, 32) are movable independently of each other between a stowed position and a deployed position, and wherein in the deployed position each of the two lateral aerodynamic elements (32) is substantially in contact with the central aerodynamic element (31),

characterized in that it further comprises means configured to maintain said lateral aerodynamic elements (32) and said central aerodynamic element (31) substantially in contact when they are in the deployed position.

2. A spoiler (30) according to claim 1, wherein a distance between one of the lateral aerodynamic elements (32) and the central aerodynamic element (31) is less than 1 cm.

3. A spoiler (30) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:

-said central aerodynamic element (31) has two first reliefs (33), and

-each of said lateral aerodynamic elements has a second relief (34) having a shape at least partially complementary to the shape of one of said two first reliefs (33), respectively, so as to allow engagement when said aerodynamic elements (31, 32) are in the deployed position.

4. A spoiler (30) according to claim 3, wherein each of the first undulations (33) comprises a protrusion (36), and each of the second undulations (34) comprises a recess (38) as follows: one of the protrusions (36) of the first relief (33) is adapted to be at least partially received in the recess (38) when the aerodynamic element (31, 32) is in the deployed position.

5. The spoiler (30) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein each of the second undulations (34) comprises a protrusion (39), and each of the first undulations (33) comprises a recess (37) as follows: one of the protrusions (39) of the second relief (34) is adapted to be at least partially received in the recess when the aerodynamic element (31, 32) is in the deployed position.

6. The spoiler (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising moving means (35) adapted to move the aerodynamic elements (31, 32) between the stowed position and the deployed position independently of each other.

7. A tailgate (20) of a motor vehicle, comprising a spoiler (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The tailgate (20) according to claim 7 wherein:

-the central aerodynamic element (31) is integrated in the upper pillar (21) of the tailgate;

-a first of said lateral aerodynamic elements (32) is integrated in a first lateral upright (22) of the tailgate; and

-a second of said lateral aerodynamic elements (32) is integrated in a second lateral upright (22) of the tailgate opposite to the first lateral upright (22) of the tailgate.

9. Tailgate (20) according to claim 7 or 8, comprising a spoiler (30) according to claim 6, wherein at least a part of the moving means (35) is integrated in the tailgate.

10. A motor vehicle (10) comprising a spoiler (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:

-the central aerodynamic element (31) is integrated in an upper pillar (21) of a tailgate (20) of the vehicle, or in a portion of a roof (11) of the vehicle adjacent to the tailgate (20);

-a first one of said lateral aerodynamic elements (32) is integrated in a first rear pillar of the vehicle (10) or in a first lateral upright (22) of a tailgate (20) of the vehicle; and

-a second of said lateral aerodynamic elements (32) is integrated in a second rear pillar of the vehicle (10) opposite to the first rear pillar, or in a second side pillar (22) of a tailgate of the vehicle opposite to a first side pillar (22) of a tailgate (20) of the vehicle,

and each aerodynamic element (31, 32) being movable between a stowed position and a deployed position, the vehicle (10) being configured such that: in the deployed position, each of the lateral aerodynamic elements (32) is substantially in contact with the central aerodynamic element (31).

11. The motor vehicle (10) of claim 10, wherein the tailgate is a tailgate according to any of claims 7-9.