CN114055863A - Visible light response actuator and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Visible light response actuator and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114055863A
CN114055863A CN202111180552.1A CN202111180552A CN114055863A CN 114055863 A CN114055863 A CN 114055863A CN 202111180552 A CN202111180552 A CN 202111180552A CN 114055863 A CN114055863 A CN 114055863A
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molybdenum disulfide
light
resin
conversion layer
visible
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陈美玲
丁文超
朱奕光
魏彬
杨子键
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Foshan Electrical and Lighting Co Ltd
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Foshan Electrical and Lighting Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a visible light response actuator and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of nano materials and micro actuators. Wherein the visible light corresponding actuator includes a light-to-heat conversion layer and an actuation layer; the photothermal conversion layer is made of a first resin and molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, and the actuation layer is made of a second resin; wherein the thickness of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet is 10-500 nm, and the particle size is 250-10000 nm; the first resin is the same as or different from the second resin; under irradiation of visible light, expansion of the photothermal conversion layer is larger than that of the actuation layer, so that the photothermal conversion layer and the actuation layer are integrally bent toward the actuation layer side, thereby achieving actuation. By implementing the present invention, an actuator driven by visible light can be obtained.

Description

Visible light response actuator and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nano materials and micro actuators, in particular to a visible light response actuator and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the design of micro-actuators has attracted an increasing research interest from researchers at home and abroad, and such actuators can respond to external controllable stimuli to closely mimic the motion of biological systems, and can potentially be applied to intelligent structural systems such as micro-claws, tissue drilling, drug and cell delivery, cancer cell fixation, artificial muscles, and the like. The stimulation responsive material is the basis of the micro-actuator, and the material has the characteristic of generating shape or volume change and recovery under different external stimuli, so that the quick and accurate mechanical motion of the actuator is facilitated. Scientists have studied and developed a number of stimuli-responsive materials such as hydrogels, electroactive polymers, shape memory polymers, and polymer nanocomposites (with gold nanorods, carbon nanotubes, graphene, etc.), among others.
On the other hand, molybdenum disulfide is a new material with excellent catalytic, lubricating and photoelectric properties, and with the continuous and deep research work in recent years, the application field of molybdenum disulfide is further expanded, and molybdenum disulfide is widely applied to the aspects of photoelectrochemical cells, new elastomer materials, wear resistance and friction reduction, semiconductors and the like. Compared with common molybdenum disulfide, the nano molybdenum disulfide prepared by a special method has the advantages that the friction performance, the catalytic activity, the adsorption performance, the specific surface area and the like are obviously improved, the use requirements of many fields can be met, and the nano molybdenum disulfide has great application prospects in the aspects of solid lubrication, functional materials, chemical catalysis, photoelectric materials and the like. The preparation method of the nano molybdenum disulfide is a research hotspot in recent years, and the existing preparation methods of the nano molybdenum disulfide comprise a hydrothermal method, a chemical vapor deposition method, a lithium ion-intercalation stripping method, a microemulsion synthesis method, a solvent stripping method and the like. However, in the prior art, the photo-thermal performance of the nano molybdenum dioxide is less researched, and correspondingly, the influence of a specific preparation method on the photo-thermal performance of the nano molybdenum dioxide is also less researched.
Disclosure of Invention
A further object of the present invention is to provide a visible light responsive actuator having a rapid visible light response performance.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a visible light-responsive actuator.
In order to solve the technical problem of the present invention, the present invention provides a visible light responsive actuator including a light-to-heat conversion layer and an actuation layer; the photothermal conversion layer is made of a first resin and molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, and the actuation layer is made of a second resin; wherein the thickness of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet is 10-500 nm, and the particle size is 250-10000 nm; the first resin is the same as or different from the second resin;
under irradiation of visible light, the expansion ratio of the photothermal conversion layer is greater than that of the actuation layer, so that the photothermal conversion layer and the actuation layer are integrally bent toward the actuation layer side, thereby achieving actuation.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the first resin is one or more of PU, PET, PEDOT, epoxy resin, PE, PMMA, PVDF and PDMS;
the second resin is one or more of PU, PET, PEDOT, epoxy resin, PE, PMMA, PVDF and PDMS.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the first resin is PU, and the second resin is PU.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, a weight ratio of the first resin to the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet in the photothermal conversion layer is 1: (0.05-0.5).
As an improvement of the above technical means, a ratio of the thickness of the photothermal conversion layer to the thickness of the actuation layer is greater than or equal to 2.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the thickness of the actuating layer is 150-500 mu m, and the thickness of the photothermal conversion layer is 400-1500 mu m.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the molybdenum disulfide can absorb visible light with the wavelength of 200-700 nm, and the central wavelength of an absorption peak of the molybdenum disulfide is 450-480 nm.
As an improvement of the above technical scheme, the preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide comprises the following steps:
(1) providing molybdenum disulfide powder;
(2) dispersing the molybdenum disulfide powder in a mixed solution of isopropanol and water, and carrying out ultrasonic stripping to obtain a stripping mixed solution;
(3) standing the stripped mixed solution, taking supernatant, and separating the supernatant to obtain solid, namely the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet with the photo-thermal effect;
wherein the volume ratio of the isopropanol to the water is (3-7): (3-7); the ratio of the molybdenum disulfide powder to the mixed solution is (1-5) g: (200-300) mL.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, in the step (2), the ultrasonic peeling conditions are as follows: the ultrasonic power is 80-150W, the frequency is 30-50 kHz, the ultrasonic temperature is 20-40 ℃, and the ultrasonic time is 15-60 min.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the volume ratio of the isopropanol to the water is (4.5-5.5): (4.5-5.5).
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (3), the standing time is 1-24 h;
and separating the supernatant by adopting a centrifugal method, wherein the centrifugal speed is 8000-9000 rpm.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (3), the standing time is 12-18 h, and the centrifugal rotating speed is 8000-8500 rpm.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the visible light response actuator, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the first resin with molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, and molding to obtain a photothermal conversion layer;
(2) and forming an actuating layer on the photothermal conversion layer by using a second resin to obtain a finished product of the visible light response actuator.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the step (2) comprises the following steps:
(2.1) mixing the PU with water to obtain a mixed solution;
(2.2) dispersing molybdenum disulfide nanosheets in the mixed solution to obtain a dispersion solution;
(2.3) pouring the dispersion liquid into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, and drying at 15-40 ℃ to obtain a light-heat conversion layer;
wherein in the mixed solution, the concentration of PU is 8-15 wt%;
the ratio of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet to the mixed liquid is (0.1-1) g: (15-30) mL.
In the step (2.3), the mixed solution is poured on the photothermal conversion layer, and the finished product of the visible light response actuator is obtained after drying at 15-40 ℃.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the visible light response actuator adopts the first resin and the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet to prepare the photothermal conversion layer, and adopts the second resin to prepare the actuating layer. The thickness of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet is controlled to be 10-500 nm, the particle size is controlled to be 250-10000 nm, and the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet has good photo-thermal conversion performance, so that when the actuator is irradiated by visible light, the expansion rate of the photo-thermal conversion layer is larger than that of the actuating layer, the photo-thermal conversion layer and the actuating layer are integrally bent towards one side of the actuating layer, and actuation is achieved. The visible light response actuator has quick visible light response performance, can realize quick and directional braking, and has wide application prospect.
2. The preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet comprises the following steps: firstly, dispersing molybdenum disulfide into a mixed solution of isopropanol and water, then ultrasonically stripping, standing to obtain a supernatant, and separating the supernatant to obtain a finished product. The molybdenum disulfide nanosheet prepared by the method has an obvious visible light absorption peak. The preparation method has high preparation efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electron micrograph of a visible light-responsive actuator according to embodiment 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an infrared image of a visible-light-responsive actuator 2min after irradiation with visible light in embodiment 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the temperature of a visible light responsive actuator under irradiation of visible light with irradiation time in example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a UV spectrum of a molybdenum disulfide nanosheet in example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an electron microscope image of molybdenum disulfide nanosheets in example 5 of the present invention;
figure 6 is a particle size distribution diagram of molybdenum disulfide nanosheets in example 5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention also provides a visible light response actuator, which comprises a light-heat conversion layer and an actuating layer; wherein the photothermal conversion layer is made of molybdenum disulfide nanosheets and a first resin, and the actuation layer is made of a second resin.
Wherein, the first resin/the second resin is selected from one or more of PU, PET, PEDOT, epoxy resin, PE, PMMA, PVDF and PDMS, but is not limited thereto. The first resin and the second resin may be the same resin or different resins.
Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first resin and the second resin are the same and are both PU. More preferably, the PU is a water soluble polyurethane.
The thickness of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet is 10-500 nm, and is exemplarily 10nm, 15nm, 30nm, 50nm, 100nm, 250nm, 300nm or 450nm, but the method is not limited thereto. Preferably, the thickness of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet is 20-100 nm. The particle size (width) of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet is 250-10000 nm, and is illustratively 260nm, 300nm, 1000nm, 1200nm, 3400nm, 5600nm, 8700nm, or 9400nm, but is not limited thereto. Preferably, the particle size of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet is 260-500 nm.
Specifically, in the photothermal conversion layer, the weight ratio of the first resin to the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet is 1: (0.05-0.5), exemplary are 1:0.05,1:0.1,1:0.15,1:0.2,1:0.3,1:0.4, but not limited thereto. By adjusting the proportion, the photothermal conversion performance of the photothermal conversion layer can be quantitatively adjusted (the higher the content of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet is, the stronger the photothermal conversion performance is), so that the photothermal conversion layer can be applicable to multi-scene application.
The dosage of the first resin and the second resin can be adjusted according to the requirements of specific use scenes, so that the photothermal conversion layer and the actuating layer have proper thicknesses. Illustratively, in one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the photothermal conversion layer is 400 to 1500 μm, and illustratively 450 μm, 600 μm, 700 μm, 900 μm, 1100 μm, 1300 μm, or 1400 μm, but is not limited thereto. The thickness of the actuation layer is 150 to 500 μm, and exemplary is 200 μm, 250 μm, 300 μm, 350 μm, 400 μm or 450 μm, but is not limited thereto.
Preferably, the thickness of the light-to-heat conversion layer should be maintained in various application scenarios: the thickness of the actuating layer is more than or equal to 2, so that the actuator has proper actuating performance. Further preferably, the thickness of the photothermal conversion layer is kept to be 2.5 to 5 times the thickness of the actuator layer.
Based on the visible light response actuator with the structure, after the visible light is irradiated, the thermal expansion of the photothermal conversion layer with the photothermal effect is far larger than that of the actuating layer without the photothermal effect, so that the photothermal conversion layer and the actuating layer are bent towards one side of the actuating layer, and unbalanced force, namely an actuating power source, is generated. In addition, in the actual use process, the actuator can realize the actions of advancing, retreating, turning and the like by regulating and controlling the irradiation position of the visible light and/or the shape of the actuator. In particular, the actuator prepared by the invention is made of resin, belongs to flexible actuator materials, has excellent cutting performance, and can be cut into actuators with different shapes according to requirements.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a preparation method of the visible light actuator, which comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing the first resin with molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, and molding to obtain a photothermal conversion layer;
the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet can be prepared by the following method:
(i) providing molybdenum disulfide powder;
wherein, the content of trace metals in the molybdenum disulfide powder is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, but not limited to the content.
(ii) Dispersing molybdenum disulfide powder in a mixed solution of isopropanol and water, and carrying out ultrasonic stripping to obtain a stripping mixed solution;
wherein, ultrasonic peeling means that the object to be peeled is dispersed into a solvent, and then Van der Waals force between different layers of the object to be peeled is broken through ultrasonic so as to peel the material from the body. In the ultrasonic stripping process, the particle size, the number of layers and the performance of the material obtained by stripping have great relationship with the selection of ultrasonic parameters and solvents. In the invention, the solvent is a mixture of isopropanol and water, the mixture is used for dispersing molybdenum disulfide powder, and the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet obtained after ultrasonic stripping has good photothermal effect (photothermal effect refers to the effect that photon energy interacts with crystal lattices to cause aggravation of vibration and increase of temperature).
Specifically, the volume ratio of isopropanol to water is (3-7): (3-7), exemplary can be 3:7,4:6,5:5,6:4,7:3,8:2,9:1, but not limited to. Preferably, the volume ratio of the isopropanol to the water is (4.5-5.5): (4.5-5.5).
Wherein the ratio of the molybdenum disulfide powder to the mixed solvent is (1-5) g: (200-300) mL, namely 200-300 mL of mixed solution, is added with 1-5 g of molybdenum disulfide powder. Illustratively, the ratio of molybdenum disulfide powder to mixed solvent is 1g:200mL, 2g: 250mL, 3g: 250mL, 4g, 280mL, 5 g: 290mL, but is not limited thereto. The reasonable proportion of the molybdenum disulfide and the mixed solution is kept, the surface energy and the interface energy can be ensured to be matched, and the stripping efficiency is improved.
Wherein, the specific conditions of ultrasonic stripping are as follows: the ultrasonic power is 80-150W, the frequency is 30-50 kHz, the ultrasonic temperature is 20-40 ℃, and the ultrasonic time is 15-60 min, but the ultrasonic temperature is not limited to the above.
(iii) And standing the stripped mixed solution, taking supernatant, and separating the supernatant to obtain solid, namely the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet with the photothermal effect of the photothermal effect.
Wherein, the large particles of the molybdenum disulfide which are not peeled can be removed by standing. Specifically, the standing time is 1-24 h, and exemplary time is 1h, 5h, 10h, 13h, 14h, 15h, 17h, 19h or 22h, but not limited thereto. Preferably, the standing time is 12-18 h.
Among them, the method for separating the supernatant includes centrifugation, filtration, evaporation, etc., but is not limited thereto. Preferably, the supernatant is centrifugally separated, and the obtained solid is the finished product of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet. Wherein the centrifugal rotation speed is 8000-9000 rpm, and exemplary ones are 8000rpm, 8100rpm, 8200rpm, 8400rpm, 8600rpm, 8800rpm or 8900rpm, but not limited thereto. Preferably, the centrifugal rotating speed is 8000-8500 rpm.
The molybdenum disulfide nanosheet prepared by the method can absorb visible light and has an obvious photo-thermal effect. Specifically, the ultraviolet spectrum (figure 1) of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet can show that the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet can absorb visible light with the wavelength of 200-700 nm, the peak position of a visible light absorption peak is 450-480 nm, and preferably, the peak position of the absorption peak is 475-480 nm.
Specifically, after the first resin and the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet are mixed, the mixture can be molded by adopting the processes of injection, extrusion, thermoplasticity, pouring, compression molding and the like.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, PU is selected as the first resin. S1 may include the following steps:
s11: mixing PU with water to obtain a mixed solution;
the PU and water are mixed, stirred at a high speed for 5-15 min and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution. The concentration of PU in the mixed solution is 8-15 wt%, and is illustratively 9 wt%, 10 wt%, 11 wt%, 12 wt%, 13 wt% or 14 wt%, but is not limited thereto.
S12: dispersing molybdenum disulfide nanosheets in the mixed solution to obtain a dispersion solution;
specifically, adding molybdenum disulfide nanosheets into the mixed solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-20 min, and then stirring for 20-30 min to fully disperse the molybdenum disulfide nanosheets to obtain a dispersion liquid.
Wherein the ratio of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet to the mixed liquid is (0.1-1) g: (15-30) mL, exemplary 0.1g:15mL,0.2g:20mL, 0.3g:20mL, 0.4g:25mL, 0.5 g:25mL, 0.7g:29mL, or 0.8 g: 30mL, but is not limited thereto. Preferably (0.1 to 0.5) g:20 mL.
S13: pouring the dispersion liquid into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, and drying at 15-40 ℃ to obtain a photothermal conversion layer;
specifically, drying is carried out for 5-10 hours at 15-40 ℃, and the solidified photo-thermal conversion layer is obtained.
S2: forming an actuating layer on the light-to-heat conversion layer using a second resin;
specifically, the molding may be performed by, but not limited to, injection, extrusion, thermoplastic, casting, compression molding, and the like.
Preferably, when the second resin is PU, casting molding is used. Namely, pouring the mixed solution (aqueous solution with the PU concentration of 8-15 wt%) on the photothermal conversion layer, and drying at 15-40 ℃ to obtain a finished product of the visible light response actuator.
Further, after curing, it can be tailored to specific use requirements, resulting in a visible light responsive actuator of a specific shape.
The invention is illustrated below in specific examples:
example 1
The present embodiment provides a visible light-responsive actuator including a light-to-heat conversion layer and an actuation layer; wherein the photothermal conversion layer is made of HDPE and molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, and the actuation layer is made of LDPE.
Wherein the weight ratio of PET to molybdenum disulfide nanosheets in the photothermal conversion layer is 1: 0.8; the thickness of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet is 350-400 nm, and the particle size (width) is 0.5-8 μm. The photothermal conversion layer was 300 μm thick and the actuator layer was 200 μm thick. The actuator is cut into a shape of a small fish, and when visible light spots (with the wavelength of 460-550 nm) irradiate the tail of the small fish for 5s, the small fish with the double-layer film structure can move forwards by 2.2-2.6 cm.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) heating and melting HDPE, adding molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, mixing uniformly, and performing injection molding to obtain a photothermal conversion layer;
(2) and heating and melting the LDPE, pouring the LDPE on the photothermal conversion layer, and curing to obtain the visible light response actuator.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a visible light-responsive actuator including a light-to-heat conversion layer and an actuation layer; the photothermal conversion layer is made of PU and molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, and the actuating layer is made of PU. The thickness of the photothermal conversion layer is 500 μm, and the thickness of the actuation layer is 200 μm; the actuator is cut into a shape of a small fish, and when visible light spots (with the wavelength of 460-550 nm) irradiate the tail of the small fish for 5s, the small fish with the double-layer film structure can move forwards for 4.3-4.7 cm.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing molybdenum disulfide nanosheets;
(2) adding water into the PU resin, and stirring at a high speed for 10min to obtain a 10 wt% mixed solution;
(3) adding 0.5g of dried molybdenum disulfide nanosheet into 22mL of mixed solution, ultrasonically dispersing for 15min, and stirring for 30min to obtain dispersion liquid;
(4) pouring the dispersion liquid on the surface of a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, and drying at 25 ℃ for 6h to obtain a photothermal conversion layer;
(5) and (3) pouring 15mL of mixed solution on the photothermal conversion layer, drying at 25 ℃ for 6h, and removing the mold to obtain the actuator.
The preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet comprises the following steps:
(i) providing molybdenum disulfide powder;
(ii) dispersing 1g of molybdenum disulfide in 200mL of mixed solution of isopropanol and water, and carrying out ultrasonic stripping to obtain stripping mixed solution;
wherein the volume ratio of the isopropanol to the water is 4: 6;
the specific conditions of ultrasonic exfoliation are as follows: the ultrasonic power is 100W, the frequency is 50kHz, the ultrasonic temperature is 30 ℃, and the ultrasonic time is 15 min.
(iii) Standing the stripped mixed solution for 1h, taking supernatant, and centrifuging the supernatant at 9000rpm to obtain solid precipitate, namely the finished product.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a visible light-responsive actuator including a light-to-heat conversion layer and an actuation layer; the photothermal conversion layer is made of PU and molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, and the actuating layer is made of PU. The thickness of the photothermal conversion layer is 480 μm, and the thickness of the actuation layer is 200 μm; the actuator is cut into a shape of a small fish, and when visible light spots (with the wavelength of 460-550 nm) irradiate the tail of the small fish for 5s, the small fish with the double-layer film structure can move forwards for 4.5-4.8 cm.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing molybdenum disulfide nanosheets;
(2) adding water into the PU resin, and stirring at a high speed for 10min to obtain a 12 wt% mixed solution;
(3) adding 0.4g of dried molybdenum disulfide nanosheet into 21.5mL of mixed solution, ultrasonically dispersing for 15min, and stirring for 30min to obtain dispersion liquid;
(4) pouring the dispersion liquid on the surface of a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, and drying at 30 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain a photothermal conversion layer;
(5) and (3) pouring 15mL of mixed solution on the photothermal conversion layer, drying at 25 ℃ for 6h, and removing the mold to obtain the actuator.
The preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet comprises the following steps:
(i) providing molybdenum disulfide powder;
wherein the average particle size of the molybdenum disulfide powder is 500nm, and the D99 is 1.8 mu m; metals basis with a purity of 99.5%;
(ii) dispersing 2g of molybdenum disulfide in 250mL of mixed solution of isopropanol and water, and carrying out ultrasonic stripping to obtain stripping mixed solution;
wherein the volume ratio of the isopropanol to the water is 6: 4;
the specific conditions of ultrasonic exfoliation are as follows: the ultrasonic power is 120W, the frequency is 40kHz, the ultrasonic temperature is 30 ℃, and the ultrasonic time is 30 min.
(iii) And standing the stripped mixed solution for 12h, taking supernatant, and centrifuging the supernatant at the rotating speed of 8500rpm to obtain solid precipitate, namely the finished product.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a visible light-responsive actuator including a light-to-heat conversion layer and an actuation layer; the photothermal conversion layer is made of PU and molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, and the actuating layer is made of PU. The thickness of the photothermal conversion layer is 450 μm, and the thickness of the actuation layer is 200 μm; the actuator is cut into a shape of a small fish, and when visible light spots (with the wavelength of 460-550 nm) irradiate the tail of the small fish for 5s, the small fish with the double-layer film structure can move forwards for 4.6-5 cm.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing molybdenum disulfide nanosheets;
(2) adding water into the PU resin, and stirring at a high speed for 10min to obtain a 10 wt% mixed solution;
(3) adding 0.5g of dried molybdenum disulfide nanosheet into 20mL of mixed solution, ultrasonically dispersing for 15min, and stirring for 30min to obtain dispersion liquid;
(4) pouring the dispersion liquid on the surface of a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, and drying at 25 ℃ for 6h to obtain a photothermal conversion layer;
(5) and (3) pouring 15mL of mixed solution on the photothermal conversion layer, drying at 25 ℃ for 6h, and removing the mold to obtain the actuator.
The preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet comprises the following steps:
(i) providing molybdenum disulfide powder;
(ii) dispersing 2.5g of molybdenum disulfide in 250mL of mixed solution of isopropanol and water, and carrying out ultrasonic stripping to obtain stripping mixed solution;
wherein the volume ratio of the isopropanol to the water is 5.5: 4.5;
the specific conditions of ultrasonic exfoliation are as follows: the ultrasonic power is 100W, the frequency is 45kHz, the ultrasonic temperature is 35 ℃, and the ultrasonic time is 40 min.
(iii) And standing the stripped mixed solution for 12h, taking supernatant, and centrifuging the supernatant at the rotating speed of 8500rpm to obtain solid precipitate, namely the finished product.
Example 5
The present embodiment provides a visible light-responsive actuator including a light-to-heat conversion layer and an actuation layer; the photothermal conversion layer is made of PU and molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, and the actuating layer is made of PU. The thickness of the photothermal conversion layer is 450 μm, and the thickness of the actuation layer is 200 μm; the actuator is cut into a shape of a small fish, and when visible light spots (with the wavelength of 460-550 nm) irradiate the tail of the small fish for 5s, the small fish with the double-layer film structure can move forwards for 4.8-5.4 cm.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing molybdenum disulfide nanosheets;
(2) adding water into the PU resin, and stirring at a high speed for 10min to obtain a 10 wt% mixed solution;
(3) adding 0.5g of dried molybdenum disulfide nanosheet into 20mL of mixed solution, ultrasonically dispersing for 15min, and stirring for 30min to obtain dispersion liquid;
(4) pouring the dispersion liquid on the surface of a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, and drying at 25 ℃ for 6h to obtain a photothermal conversion layer;
(5) and (3) pouring 15mL of mixed solution on the photothermal conversion layer, drying at 25 ℃ for 6h, and removing the mold to obtain the actuator.
The preparation method of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet comprises the following steps:
(i) providing molybdenum disulfide powder;
(ii) dispersing 3.5g of molybdenum disulfide in 28mL of mixed solution of isopropanol and water, and carrying out ultrasonic stripping to obtain stripping mixed solution;
wherein the volume ratio of the isopropanol to the water is 5: 5;
the specific conditions of ultrasonic exfoliation are as follows: the ultrasonic power is 100W, the frequency is 45kHz, the ultrasonic temperature is 35 ℃, and the ultrasonic time is 40 min.
(iii) And standing the stripped mixed solution for 12h, taking supernatant, and centrifuging the supernatant at the rotating speed of 8500rpm to obtain solid precipitate, namely the finished product.
The results of the detection of the visible-light-responsive actuator obtained in example 5 are shown in fig. 1 to 3. Specifically, fig. 1 is an electron microscope image of the visible light response actuator, wherein black is a photothermal conversion layer, and transparent is an actuation layer, and the two layers are tightly bonded. FIG. 2 is an infrared image of a visible light-responsive actuator after 2min irradiation with visible light (with a wavelength of 460-550 nm), and FIG. 3 is a temperature-dependent irradiation time curve of the visible light-responsive actuator under irradiation with visible light (with a wavelength of 460-550 nm); as can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, when visible light is irradiated for 2min, the temperature of the photothermal conversion layer can be increased by about 5 ℃. In addition, the molybdenum disulfide nanosheets obtained in example 5 were analyzed by a scanning electron microscope, a laser particle size analyzer, and an ultraviolet spectrometer, and the results are shown in fig. 4 to 6. Specifically, fig. 4 is an ultraviolet spectrum of a molybdenum disulfide nanosheet, and it can be seen from the figure that the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet has an obvious visible light absorption peak.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (15)

1. A visible-light-responsive actuator comprising a light-to-heat conversion layer and an actuation layer; the photothermal conversion layer is made of a first resin and molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, and the actuation layer is made of a second resin; wherein the thickness of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet is 10-500 nm, and the particle size is 250-10000 nm; the first resin is the same as or different from the second resin;
under irradiation of visible light, the expansion ratio of the photothermal conversion layer is greater than that of the actuation layer, so that the photothermal conversion layer and the actuation layer are integrally bent toward the actuation layer side, thereby achieving actuation.
2. The visible-light-responsive actuator of claim 1, wherein the first resin is selected from one or more of PU, PET, PEDOT, epoxy, PE, PMMA, PVDF, PDMS;
the second resin is one or more of PU, PET, PEDOT, epoxy resin, PE, PMMA, PVDF and PDMS.
3. The visible-light-responsive actuator of claim 2, wherein the first resin is selected from PU and the second resin is selected from PU.
4. The visible-light-responsive actuator of claim 1, wherein a weight ratio of the first resin to the molybdenum disulfide nanoplatelets in the light-to-heat conversion layer is 1: (0.05-0.5).
5. The visible-light-responsive actuator of claim 1, wherein a ratio of a thickness of the photothermal conversion layer to a thickness of the actuation layer is greater than or equal to 2.
6. The visible-light-responsive actuator of claim 5, wherein the actuation layer has a thickness of 150 to 500 μm, and the photothermal conversion layer has a thickness of 400 to 1500 μm.
7. The visible-light-responsive actuator of claim 1, wherein the molybdenum disulfide absorbs visible light having a wavelength of 200 to 700nm and has an absorption peak having a center wavelength of 450 to 480 nm.
8. The visible-light-responsive actuator of claim 1, wherein the molybdenum disulfide is prepared by:
(1) providing molybdenum disulfide powder;
(2) dispersing the molybdenum disulfide powder in a mixed solution of isopropanol and water, and carrying out ultrasonic stripping to obtain a stripping mixed solution;
(3) standing the stripped mixed solution, taking supernatant, and separating the supernatant to obtain solid, namely the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet with the photo-thermal effect;
wherein the volume ratio of the isopropanol to the water is (3-7): (3-7); the ratio of the molybdenum disulfide powder to the mixed solution is (1-5) g: (200-300) mL.
9. The visible-light-responsive actuator of claim 8, wherein in step (2), the ultrasonic ablation conditions are: the ultrasonic power is 80-150W, the frequency is 30-50 kHz, the ultrasonic temperature is 20-40 ℃, and the ultrasonic time is 15-60 min.
10. The visible-light-responsive actuator of claim 8, wherein a volume ratio of isopropyl alcohol to water is (4.5-5.5): (4.5-5.5).
11. The visible-light-responsive actuator according to claim 8, wherein in the step (3), the standing time is 1 to 24 hours;
and separating the supernatant by adopting a centrifugal method, wherein the centrifugal speed is 8000-9000 rpm.
12. The visible-light-responsive actuator according to claim 11, wherein in the step (3), the standing time is 12 to 18 hours, and the centrifugal rotation speed is 8000 to 8500 rpm.
13. A method of making a visible-light-responsive actuator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising:
(1) mixing the first resin with molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, and molding to obtain a photothermal conversion layer;
(2) and forming an actuating layer on the photothermal conversion layer by using a second resin to obtain a finished product of the visible light response actuator.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein step (2) comprises:
(2.1) mixing the PU with water to obtain a mixed solution;
(2.2) dispersing molybdenum disulfide nanosheets in the mixed solution to obtain a dispersion solution;
(2.3) pouring the dispersion liquid into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, and drying at 15-40 ℃ to obtain a light-heat conversion layer;
wherein in the mixed solution, the concentration of PU is 8-15 wt%;
the ratio of the molybdenum disulfide nanosheet to the mixed liquid is (0.1-1) g: (15-30) mL.
15. The method according to claim 14, wherein in the step (2.3), the mixed solution is poured on the photothermal conversion layer, and dried at 15 to 40 ℃ to obtain a finished product of the visible light responsive actuator.
CN202111180552.1A 2021-10-11 2021-10-11 Visible light response actuator and preparation method thereof Pending CN114055863A (en)

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