CN114055658A

CN114055658A - Thermal plasticizing machine

Info

Publication number: CN114055658A
Application number: CN202010742699.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 廖洪强; 李世光
Original assignee: Shanxi Langze Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanxi Langze Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-29
Filing date: 2020-07-29
Publication date: 2022-02-18

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermoplastic machine, which comprises a cylinder body, a top plate, a bottom plate, a motor and a hopper, wherein the top plate is arranged at the top end of the cylinder body, an exhaust port is formed in the top plate, the bottom plate is arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder body, a vertical hollow rotating shaft is arranged in the cylinder body, an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the top end of the hollow rotating shaft, a plurality of layers of horizontal heat-conducting plates are also arranged in the cylinder body, a through hole for penetrating through the hollow rotating shaft is formed in the center of each heat-conducting plate, a plurality of horizontal insertion holes and a plurality of vertical material leaking holes are formed in each heat-conducting plate, electric heating rods are arranged in the insertion holes, and the material leaking holes are distributed on two sides of the insertion holes; all be provided with two at least hook type between two arbitrary adjacent heat-conducting plates and stir the flitch, the top of the heat-conducting plate of the superiors still is provided with scrapes the flitch on a plurality of, hook type stirs the flitch and scrapes the equal one end of flitch and links firmly with hollow rotating shaft on with, and the discharge gate of hopper and the pan feeding mouth on the roof communicate, are provided with the bin outlet on the bottom plate. The invention has high production efficiency.

Description

Thermal plasticizing machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of organic material hot melting plasticizing equipment, in particular to a thermal plasticizing machine.

Background

The thermal plasticator is a device for hot melting and plasticizing organic materials by using heat energy, and is widely applied to processing of plastic products. Most of the existing plasticators adopt screw extruders, electric heating elements heat outside screw cylinders, the screws and blades thereof stir materials, and the materials are subjected to the action of heat and extrusion force to realize hot melting and plastication of the materials. The biggest defects of the method are that the material heating area is small, the heating time is long, and the production efficiency and the production capacity are not high; in addition, the extrusion pressure of the screw is high, and the abrasion of materials to the screw and the blade is serious, so that the equipment maintenance is frequent, the productivity is obviously reduced, and the production cost is increased. How to increase the heat conduction area, reduce the extrusion pressure of the screw and reduce the abrasion of the screw machine is always the direction of people's efforts.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a thermoplasticizing machine, which aims to solve the key technical problems of small material heating area, long heating time, large screw extrusion pressure, serious abrasion of materials to a screw and a blade and the like in the prior art, and improve the production efficiency and the production capacity of the thermoplasticizing machine.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

the invention provides a thermoplastic machine, which comprises a cylinder body, a top plate, a bottom plate, a motor and a hopper, wherein the top plate is arranged at the top end of the cylinder body, an exhaust port is formed in the top plate, the bottom plate is arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder body, the motor and the hopper are respectively arranged above the top plate, a vertical hollow rotating shaft is arranged in the cylinder body, an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the top end of the hollow rotating shaft, a plurality of layers of horizontal heat-conducting plates are also arranged in the cylinder body, a through hole for penetrating through the hollow rotating shaft is formed in the center of each heat-conducting plate, a plurality of horizontal insertion holes and a plurality of vertical material leaking holes are formed in each heat-conducting plate, electric heating rods are arranged in the insertion holes, and the material leaking holes are distributed on two sides of the insertion holes; arbitrary adjacent two all be provided with two at least hook type stirring boards between the heat-conducting plate, the superiors the top of heat-conducting plate still is provided with 1 layer and scrapes the flitch on scraping that the flitch constitutes by more than 2, hook type stirring board with scrape the equal one end of flitch with hollow rotating shaft links firmly, the discharge gate of hopper with pan feeding mouth intercommunication on the roof, be provided with the bin outlet on the bottom plate.

Preferably, the discharge port of the hopper is connected with the feed port of the feeder, and the discharge port of the feeder is connected with the feed port of the top plate.

Preferably, a first temperature measuring instrument, a second temperature measuring instrument and a third temperature measuring instrument are sequentially arranged in the cylinder from top to bottom, the first temperature measuring instrument is located above the upper scraping plate, the second temperature measuring instrument is located on the lower plate surface of the heat conducting plate in the middle, and the third temperature measuring instrument is located on the lower plate surface of the heat conducting plate at the lowest position.

Preferably, the top of the cylinder is further provided with a level indicator, and the upper and lower level measuring ends of the level indicator are located above the upper scraping plate.

Preferably, the hollow rotating shaft is coaxial with the cylinder, and an electric heating rod is vertically inserted into the hollow rotating shaft from bottom to top.

Preferably, the device further comprises a control cabinet, the level indicator, the motor, the temperature measuring instrument and all the electric heating rods are respectively and electrically connected with the control cabinet, and the control cabinet is connected with a power supply through cables.

Preferably, the heat-insulating layer is wrapped on the outer sides of the top plate, the cylinder and the bottom plate.

Preferably, the sickle-shaped material stirring plate is positioned in the middle of the two adjacent heat conducting plates.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the thermal plasticator has high production efficiency. The internal multi-stage cross stirring and internal multi-stage heating structure for the thermoplastic machine greatly increases the heating area of the thermoplastic machine, reduces the material layer thickness of materials in the thermoplastic machine, enhances the heat exchange speed, improves the heat exchange efficiency, solves the problems of small heating area, low heat exchange efficiency, uneven material temperature and the like in the traditional screw rod plasticizing machine, greatly improves the production efficiency of the plasticizing machine, and reduces equipment investment, occupied area and operation cost; the invention adopts a hot plate material leakage and horizontal plate disturbance structure, greatly reduces the disturbance resistance of materials in the plasticizing machine, realizes low-pressure plasticizing of the materials, greatly reduces the abrasion of the materials to the stirring plate and the heat conducting plate, solves the problems of large material disturbance resistance, serious abrasion of a screw and a blade thereof, difficult continuous production and the like of the traditional screw plasticizing machine, and is easy to realize industrial large-scale production of the plasticizing machine.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a first schematic view of the structure of a thermal plasticator according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural view of the thermal plasticator of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the heat-conducting plate in the thermal plasticator of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a sickle-shaped material stirring plate in the thermal plastifying machine of the present invention;

wherein: 1-hopper, 2-feeder, 3-top plate, 4-barrel, 5-bottom plate, 6-level indicator, 7-exhaust port, 8-motor, 9-upper connecting piece, 10-hollow rotating shaft, 11-upper scraper plate, 12-sickle type stirring plate, 13-lower connecting piece, 14-discharge port, 15-electric heating rod, 16-heat conducting plate, 17-discharge hole, 18-heat insulating layer, 19-first temperature measuring instrument, 20-second temperature measuring instrument, 21-third temperature measuring instrument and 22-control cabinet.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4: the embodiment provides a thermal plastifying machine, including barrel 4, roof 3, bottom plate 5, motor 8, charge level indicator 6, switch board 22, heat preservation 18, feeder 2 and hopper 1, heat preservation 18 parcel is in the outside of roof 3, barrel 4 and bottom plate 5.

Wherein, roof 3 sets up on the top of barrel 4, and bottom plate 5 sets up in the bottom of barrel 4, and the flange hole at the interior ring border of roof 3 and the vertical bolted connection of the flange hole of last connecting piece 9, the flange hole at the outer ring border of roof 3 and the vertical bolted connection of the terminal surface flange hole of barrel 4 the superiors, the flange hole of the anchor ring middle part position of roof 3 respectively with the flange hole vertical bolted connection of charge level indicator 6 and gas vent 7.

The heat-conducting plate is characterized in that a plurality of horizontal heat-conducting plates 16 are evenly arranged in the barrel body 4, horizontal flange plates are welded on the upper end and the lower end of the barrel body 4, the barrel body 4 is formed by connecting a plurality of barrels, two adjacent barrels are connected with the heat-conducting plates 16 through vertical bolts, the end face flange plate on the uppermost layer of the barrel body 4 is connected with the vertical bolt of the top plate 3, the end face flange plate on the lowermost layer of the barrel body 4 is connected with the vertical bolt of the bottom plate 5, and all bolt connecting pieces are provided with heat-resistant sealing gaskets. The heat conducting plate 16 is provided with jacks with electric heating rods 15 horizontally at equal intervals in the vertical direction of the thickness center position of the heat conducting plate 16, the jacks are internally provided with electric heating rods, a plurality of vertical material leaking holes 17 are also arranged in the heat conducting plate 16, and the material leaking holes 17 are uniformly distributed on two sides of any jack.

The motor 8 and the hopper 1 are respectively arranged above the top plate 3, a vertical hollow rotating shaft 10 is arranged in the barrel 4, a self-aligning bearing of the upper connecting piece 9 is arranged in a bearing hole arranged in the center of the flange plate, a connecting shaft of the motor 8 is arranged in a shaft hole of the self-aligning bearing and is in contact sealing, and the lower end of the connecting shaft of the motor 8 is connected with the upper end of the hollow rotating shaft 10 through a coupling; the lower end head of the hollow rotating shaft 10 is connected with a lower connecting piece 13, the lower connecting piece 13 is composed of a self-aligning bearing, a thrust bearing and a base flange plate, and the self-aligning bearing and the thrust bearing are arranged in a bearing seat arranged in the center of the base flange plate; the base flange of the lower connecting piece 13 is connected with a lower flange with a central opening of the bottom plate 5, and the central position of the base flange is provided with an electric heating rod 15 which is vertically inserted into the mounting opening; the self-aligning bearing is positioned on the thrust bearing, and the outer side surface of the lower end of the hollow rotating shaft 10 is arranged in the shaft holes of the self-aligning bearing and the thrust bearing and is in contact sealing. The bottom plate 5 is a circular steel plate, a flange hole at the edge of an inner circular ring of the bottom plate is vertically connected with a base flange hole of the lower connecting piece 13 through a bolt, a flange hole at the edge of an outer circular ring of the bottom plate is vertically connected with a flange hole at the lowest end face of the barrel 4 through a bolt, and a discharge hole 14 is formed in the circular surface of the bottom plate 5. It should be noted that the hollow rotating shaft 10 is coaxial with the barrel 4, and an electric heating rod is vertically inserted into the hollow rotating shaft 10 from bottom to top, and the electric heating rod is inserted into the hollow rotating shaft 10 through a central insertion hole of a base flange of the lower connecting piece 13. The electric heating rods are respectively arranged in the hollow rotating shaft 10 and the heat conducting plate 16, so that a three-dimensional heating effect is provided for the whole thermoplastic machine, and the heating efficiency is improved.

The center of the heat-conducting plate 16 is provided with a through hole for penetrating the hollow rotating shaft 10, at least two sickle-shaped stirring plates 12 are arranged between any two adjacent heat-conducting

plates

16, and 1 upper scraping plate 11 consisting of more than 2 scraping plates is arranged above the heat-conducting plate 16 on the uppermost layer. One end of each of the sickle-shaped material stirring plate 12 and the material scraping plate is fixedly connected with the hollow rotating shaft 10, and the bottom plate 5 is provided with a discharge opening 14. The vertical ends of the upper scraping plate 11 are uniformly and vertically welded on the hollow rotating shaft 10 along the circumference, and the lower end surface of the upper scraping plate 11 is positioned above the top panel of the heat conducting plate 16. A plurality of layers of sickle-shaped stirring plates 12 are horizontally welded on the hollow rotating shaft 10 vertically at equal intervals, each layer of sickle-shaped stirring plates 12 consists of at least 2 sickle-shaped stirring plates 12, the distance between the outermost end surface and the inner wall of the cylinder 4 is ensured to stir all materials near the inner wall of the cylinder 4 as far as possible under the premise that the sickle-shaped stirring plates 12 rotate freely and horizontally, and the sickle-shaped concave surface is favorable for gathering the materials towards the axis direction; each layer of sickle-shaped stirring plates 12 is positioned at the central position between two adjacent heat conducting plates 16.

The discharge port of the hopper 1 is connected with the feed port of the feeder 2, and the discharge port of the feeder 2 is connected with the feed port of the top plate 3. A first temperature measuring instrument 19, a second temperature measuring instrument 20 and a third temperature measuring instrument 21 are sequentially arranged in the barrel 4 from top to bottom, the first temperature measuring instrument 19 is positioned above the upper scraping plate 11, the second temperature measuring instrument 20 is positioned on the lower plate surface of the middle heat-conducting plate 16, and the third temperature measuring instrument 21 is positioned on the lower plate surface of the lowest heat-conducting plate 16.

The top of the barrel is also provided with a material level indicator, and the upper material level measuring end and the lower material level measuring end of the material level indicator are both positioned above the upper scraping plate. The vertical distance between the upper end and the lower end of the material level indicator is 150-250 mm, the upper end is positioned 50-100 mm below the top plate, and the lower end is arranged 50-100 mm above the upper scraping plate. The charge level indicator, the motor, the temperature measuring instrument and all the electric heating rods are respectively electrically connected with the control cabinet 22, and the control cabinet 22 is connected with a power supply through cables.

The distance between the edge of the inner ring of the heat conducting plate 16 and the outer edge of the hollow rotating shaft 10 is designed to ensure that the maximum heat exchange area is obtained on the premise that the free rotation of the hollow rotating shaft 10 and the smooth passing of the maximum particles of the materials are met. The ratio of the thickness of the heat conducting plate 16 to the diameter of the electric heating rod 15 is 1.2-1.5, and the number and the length of the electric heating rods 15 inserted into the heat conducting plate 16 and the number and the size of the material leaking holes 17 on the electric heating rods 15 are designed to meet the requirement of obtaining the fastest heating speed on the premise that the materials on the heat conducting plate 16 are uniformly heated.

The distance between the cutting end point of the sickle-shaped material stirring plate 12 from the outside to the inside and the inner ring end surface is equal to 1.5-2 times of the distance between the inner ring end surface of the heat conduction plate 16 and the nearest outer edge of the hollow rotating shaft 10, so that the materials are prevented from directly falling onto the bottom plate 5 along the hollow rotating shaft 10 to cause short circuit of the materials. The hook breadth width that surplus formed after the outer border cutting of hook type material stirring board 12 is satisfied and is stirred under the prerequisite of the intensity requirement of hot melt viscous material resistance, hook breadth width reduces as far as possible to reduce the viscous resistance between material and the hook type material stirring board 12, reach energy-conserving and misce bene's effect. The distance between the outer circular ring end surface of the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 4 is equal to the distance between the outer circular ring end surface of the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 4, all materials near the inner wall of the cylinder body 4 are stirred as far as possible on the premise that the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 rotates freely and horizontally, and the sickle concave curved surface is favorable for gathering the materials in the axis direction. The distance design between the upper and lower face of sickle-shaped material stirring plate 12 and the upper and lower faces of adjacent heat conducting plates 16 should satisfy the premise that sickle-shaped material stirring plate 12 rotates freely between two adjacent heat conducting plates 16, and the plasticizing machine obtains the maximum heat exchange area.

The specific use process of the heat plastifier of the invention is as follows:

(1) starting the motor 8, and adjusting the rotating speed of the hollow rotating shaft 10 within a set range by a frequency converter of the motor 8; the rotating shaft of the motor 8 drives the hollow rotating shaft 10 to rotate through the coupler, and the hollow rotating shaft 10 drives the upper scraping plate 11 and the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 to rotate together.

(2) The electric heating rod 15 is started to input heat into the cylinder 4, and the heat is transferred to the heat conducting plate 16 and the hollow rotating shaft 10 through the electric heating rod 15 and is transferred to the material through the heat conducting plate 16 and the hollow rotating shaft 10.

(3) When the temperatures of the first temperature measuring instrument 19, the second temperature measuring instrument 20 and the third temperature measuring instrument 21 reach set values, materials are added into the hopper 1, then the feeder 2 is opened, the materials are uniformly and quantitatively fed into the barrel 4, under the action of the disturbance of the upper scraping plate 11 and the heating action of the heat conducting plate 16, part of the materials are heated and melted on the upper surface of the heat conducting plate 16 and the outer surface of the hollow rotating shaft 10 respectively, and fall to the upper surface of the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 below from the material leakage hole 17 and a gap between the inner circular ring end surface of the heat conducting plate 16 and the hollow rotating shaft 10 respectively, and the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 rotates to enable the materials to be rapidly and uniformly mixed and melted between the heat conducting plate 16 and the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12. On one hand, a small amount of gas generated by material hot melting plasticization ascends and is discharged from the exhaust port 7, on the other hand, hot melting solid materials after the material hot melting plasticization fall to the upper surface of the bottom plate 5 along a gap between the material leakage hole 17 and the inner circular ring end surface of the heat conduction plate 16 and the hollow rotating shaft 10, and are finally discharged from the discharge port 14 on the bottom plate 5 under the stirring of the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 at the lowest layer, so that the material hot melting plasticization process is completed.

(4) During operation, the level alarm and temperature parameters on the dial of the control cabinet 22 are observed. When the feeding speed of the material is too high and the height of the redundant material reaches the upper end of the material level indicator 6, the material level indicator 6 senses a material level signal and rapidly transmits the signal to the control cabinet 22, and the control cabinet 22 sends out an instruction (alarm) and automatically reduces the feeding speed of the feeder 2, so that the feeding speed of the material is reduced; when the material level height of the material is lower than the lower end of the material level indicator 6, the material level indicator 6 will sense a material level signal, and the control cabinet 22 will send an instruction to automatically increase the feeding speed of the feeder 2, so as to ensure that the material level is restored to the normal range. The second temperature measuring instrument 20 and the third temperature measuring instrument 21 are main control parameters, and when the temperatures of the second temperature measuring instrument 20 and the third temperature measuring instrument 21 are lower than a set value, the control cabinet 22 can automatically improve the output power of the electric heating rod 15 or reduce the feeding amount of the feeder 2 so as to ensure that the temperature of the material is stabilized within a set range; when the temperature of the second temperature measuring instrument 20 and the third temperature measuring instrument 21 is higher than the set value, the control cabinet 22 will automatically reduce the output power of the electric heating rod 15 or moderately increase the feeding amount of the feeder 2 to ensure that the temperature of the material is stabilized within the set range. During normal production, the temperature values of the first thermometer 19, the second thermometer 20 and the third thermometer 21 should be kept relatively stable. The specific control parameters are specifically set according to the material characteristics and the plasticizing requirements.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "top", "bottom", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims

1. A thermoplasticizing machine, its characterized in that: the heat conduction plate is provided with a plurality of horizontal heat conduction plates in the cylinder, a through hole for penetrating the hollow rotating shaft is formed in the center of the heat conduction plate, a plurality of horizontal insertion holes and a plurality of vertical material leakage holes are formed in the heat conduction plate, electric heating rods are arranged in the insertion holes, and the material leakage holes are distributed on two sides of the insertion holes; arbitrary adjacent two all be provided with two at least hook type stirring boards between the heat-conducting plate, the superiors the top of heat-conducting plate still is provided with 1 layer and scrapes the flitch on scraping that the flitch constitutes by more than 2, hook type stirring board with scrape the equal one end of flitch with hollow rotating shaft links firmly, the discharge gate of hopper with pan feeding mouth intercommunication on the roof, be provided with the bin outlet on the bottom plate.

2. The thermalation machine of claim 1, wherein: the discharge port of the hopper is connected with the feed port of the feeder, and the discharge port of the feeder is connected with the feed port of the top plate.

3. The thermalation machine of claim 1, wherein: the barrel is internally provided with a first temperature measuring instrument, a second temperature measuring instrument and a third temperature measuring instrument from top to bottom in sequence, the first temperature measuring instrument is positioned above the upper scraping plate, the second temperature measuring instrument is positioned on the lower plate surface of the heat-conducting plate in the middle, and the third temperature measuring instrument is positioned on the lower plate surface of the heat-conducting plate at the lowest part.

4. The thermalation machine of claim 3, wherein: the barrel top still is provided with the charge level indicator, two upper and lower material level ends of charge level indicator all are located scrape the top of flitch on.

5. The thermalation machine of claim 4, wherein: the hollow rotating shaft is coaxial with the barrel, and an electric heating rod is vertically inserted into the hollow rotating shaft from bottom to top.

6. The thermalation machine of claim 5, wherein: the automatic temperature measuring device is characterized by further comprising a control cabinet, wherein the charge level indicator, the motor, the temperature measuring instrument and all the electric heating rods are respectively and electrically connected with the control cabinet, and the control cabinet is connected with a power supply through cables.

7. The thermalation machine of claim 1, wherein: the heat-insulating layer is wrapped on the top plate, the cylinder and the outer side of the bottom plate.

8. The thermalation machine of claim 1, wherein: the sickle-shaped material stirring plate is positioned in the middle of the two adjacent heat conducting plates.