CN114054758B - Self-adaptive brazing wear-resistant coating capable of generating corrosion lubricant in situ and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Self-adaptive brazing wear-resistant coating capable of generating corrosion lubricant in situ and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- QSHYGLAZPRJAEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(chloromethyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)-1,3-thiazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC(CCl)=CS1 QSHYGLAZPRJAEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 57
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003831 antifriction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/241—Chemical after-treatment on the surface
- B22F2003/242—Coating
Abstract
An adaptive brazing wear-resistant coating capable of generating corrosion lubricant in situ and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of adaptive brazing wear-resistant coatings. The brazing coating is respectively from bottom to top before brazing: a solder bonding layer, a hardness sintering layer and a corrosion lubrication layer. After brazing is finished, the structure comprises a bonding layer and a compound lubrication wear-resistant layer which are sequentially attached to the surface of a substrate, the brazing coating uses a novel corrosion lubricant, a corrosion reaction product has a lubricating effect, a self-lubricating function of a hardness layer antifriction effect is given, part of solid lubricating substances are generated in situ in the reaction process, the coating structure design enables the whole multi-layer adhesive tape to complete the compound lubrication and the surface morphology corrosion of the lubricant in the coating at the same time through one-time thermal cycle, and the solid lubricant in the brazing wear-resistant coating with the surface corrosion morphology and an internal through hole structure can be diffused and separated out to the friction surface to generate a lubricating film and is continuously compensated. Has good self-lubricating performance at normal temperature and high temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a self-adaptive brazing wear-resistant coating, in particular to a self-adaptive brazing wear-resistant coating capable of generating corrosion lubricant in situ and a preparation method thereof.
Technical background:
in practical engineering application, about 1/3 to 2/3 of energy is consumed on friction, and a large amount of mechanical faults and part damages are also caused by friction and wear, so that the tribological performance of the wear-resistant part is often directly related to the operation safety and stability of the whole system, and the surface protection technology for improving the wear resistance of the part is particularly important and critical. In many high-end technical fields, surface protection problems have become a technical bottleneck limiting the development in the manufacture of critical equipment. In addition, how to provide friction members with both low coefficient of friction and high wear resistance over a wide temperature range (wide temperature range) is also a challenge. The novel wide-temperature-range self-adaptive protective coating is designed, so that the friction lubrication problem under the complex working condition can be effectively solved.
The self-adaptive coating is a coating which can automatically change the surface, the internal structure and the performance according to the change of the external environment such as temperature, humidity, pressure and the like, the change of the wear resistance of the self-adaptive coating is completed by means of the change of the composition and the structural property of the solid lubricant at different temperatures, and the coating can generate a lubricating film on the surface of a friction pair under the friction environment to achieve the antifriction lubrication effect, and the friction coefficient and the wear amount of the original matrix are reduced.
The existing preparation process of the high-temperature self-lubricating coating mainly comprises laser cladding, powder metallurgy, electric spark deposition, thermal spraying, vapor deposition and the like. The thermal spraying technology is most widely applied, but has the defects of lower bonding strength between the coating and the matrix interface and larger thermal stress of the coating; the coating obtained by the vapor deposition process has higher quality and good uniformity, but the device is expensive, the preparation cost is higher, the process is complex, and the requirement on raw materials is high. Although the problems of compactness of the coating, kong Liewen and the like are solved well, the problems of both the bonding strength of the coating and the preparation cost are difficult to realize. The brazing coating is an excellent method for preparing the wear-resistant coating, the coating prepared by using a brazing mode has a larger thickness range, is metallurgically combined with a base metal, has high bonding strength, low heating temperature, small change of thermal stress and base metal performance during the preparation of the coating, and has lower preparation cost than the methods of unbalanced magnetron sputtering, plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition and the like, and has great application potential and development prospect in the preparation of the wear-resistant coating.
The perrhenate bimetallic oxide has hexagonal and monoclinic structures required by solid lubricants, is softer than a single metal oxide substance, has low hardness and shear strength, has lubricating effects of different degrees in the temperature range from room temperature to 750 ℃ by using silver, copper, cobalt, calcium, lead and other perrhenates, and has the friction factors of friction pairs such as superalloy or ceramic and the like. In the high temperature zone, the perrhenate bimetallic oxide undergoes complex physical and chemical changes such as phase transformation, softening, melting, oxidative decomposition and the like. The filler in the micro-morphology of abrasion marks and abrasive particles is melted and softened under the combined action of friction heat and pressure, so that the filler is easier to spread, a smooth and flat lubricating film similar to an enamel layer is formed, the direct contact of the surface is effectively avoided, and the friction factor is greatly reduced.
Generally, compared with a flat surface, the surface with microstructures such as certain microprotrusions, micro pits and the like is more wear-resistant, the drag reduction performance is better, the contact area of friction pairs can be reduced by microscopic grooves and texture morphology of the wear-resistant surface coating, the friction condition is further improved, and the surface morphology such as spots, pits and the like after corrosion can serve as a micro reservoir of lubricant, so that the lubricity of a contact area can be enhanced.
The invention designs a brazing wear-resistant coating containing a special acid etching antifriction agent.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention provides a self-adaptive brazing wear-resistant coating and a preparation method thereof, the brazing coating is characterized by comprising a bonding layer and a compound antifriction wear-resistant layer which are sequentially attached to the surface of a substrate, the brazing coating uses a novel corrosion lubricant, a part lubrication product system is generated in situ, the brazing material bonding layer, a hardness sintering layer and the corrosion lubrication layer are sequentially arranged from bottom to top before the coating is heated, the corrosion reaction product has a lubrication effect and does not need to be removed, the solid lubrication material system is generated in situ in the reaction process, and the compound and the surface morphology processing of the lubricant in the coating are simultaneously completed through one-time brazing heating of the whole multilayer adhesive tape. Compared with the traditional method that the lubricant is directly added into the hard phase wear-resistant coating, the wear-resistant coating with the surface corrosion morphology and the internal through hole structure has a hexagonal or monoclinic triple-inclined structure under the driving of high temperature and friction force, and loose lubricant with lower interlayer bonding bond energy can be diffused and separated out to the friction surface to generate a lubricating film and continuously compensate, so that direct contact between friction pairs is avoided, the wear-resistant coating has good self-lubricating performance in normal temperature and high temperature conditions (the temperature range from room temperature to 750 ℃), and lubricating particles are easier to spread to form a film under the physical and chemical actions especially under certain bearing capacity. Meanwhile, as the lubricant exists in the through hole of the hard layer as an independent component, the volume expansion of the perrhenate melted and softened in the high-temperature section is easier to occur in the hard layer matrix with different thermal expansion coefficients, and the perrhenate is diffused and separated out to the lubricating film filled with loss on the surface of the friction pair along the aperture under the drive of capillary action and friction force, and in the friction process, the punctiform and groove-shaped corrosion textures can also serve as air pockets in the contact area of the two friction pairs, so that the contact area between wear-resisting sheets is further reduced, and meanwhile, the solid lubricant which extends to the surface is stored, so that the friction performance is improved, and the effect of reducing the friction coefficient is achieved.
The existing majority of self-lubricating wear-resistant coatings are prepared by directly adding a lubricant into a hard phase, wherein the distribution of the solid lubricant brings certain negative effects on strength and toughness, and is difficult to permanently lubricate in a wide temperature range, the hardness sintered layer can be sintered into a compound wear-resistant layer with through holes in the heating process, then the corrosion lubricating layer is continuously raised along with high temperature to melt and impregnate, after the surface of the hardness layer is corroded, the lubricating layer enters micropores as independent components, and corrosion products such as perrhenate Cu (ReO) 4 ) 2 ，AgReO 4 ，Fe(ReO 4 ) 3 The self-lubricating oil can be used as a good lubricant without cleaning, so that the lubricant can be stored in the micro-corrosion shapes such as spots, pits and the like on the surface of the hardness layer under the normal temperature friction working condition, the lubricating antifriction effect is achieved, the solid lubricant in the compound wear-resistant layer can be melted and softened when the temperature is increased, and the solid lubricant with larger difference with the hardness and the thermal expansion coefficient of the hardness layer is separated out to the surface along the aperture through capillary action under the multiple factors such as the ambient temperature, the friction stress and the friction heat, and the lubricant film which is gradually consumed is continuously compensated, so that the self-compensating lubricating effect on the temperature self-adaptation is achieved. The wear-resistant coating is prepared by using a vacuum brazing technology, the whole workpiece is heated uniformly, the obtained wear-resistant part has small residual stress and deformation, the thickness of the coating is convenient to control, and the bonding strength of the coating and a matrix is high. The preparation process is simple and convenient, the preparation of the hard sintered layer with the surface corrosion morphology and the internal through hole structure can be completed at the same time only by one thermal cycle, and the corrosion lubricant is independently compounded in the coating, so that the brazing process and the time cost are greatly reduced, the lubricating and wear-resisting performances of the wear-resisting parts are effectively improved, and the wear-resisting parts have good temperature self-adaption performance in a wide temperature range from room temperature to 750 ℃.
The friction performance of the brazing wear-resistant coating is tested by a ball-disc type friction wear tester, the friction coefficient is below 0.35 when the temperature is less than 300 ℃, and the lubricating effect of the synthesized perrhenate is also obvious in a high-temperature section of 300-750 ℃, and the friction coefficient is also below 0.35. The brazing coating can effectively improve the wear resistance of a high-temperature friction piece, the preparation process is simple, the hardness wear-resistant layer with an internal through hole and a surface corrosion appearance can be prepared at the same time only by one thermal cycle, and the wear-resistant coating matrix can be iron, aluminum, titanium and alloys or nickel-based and cobalt-based superalloy, and has certain application value in surface processing and protection engineering of sliding friction guide rails, turbine discs, turbine shafts, rotor blades, bearings, bearing bushes, shaft sleeves and other types of friction-resistant parts in the fields of metallurgy, mines, aerospace, machinery and the like, wherein the service temperature of the sliding friction guide rails is in the range of normal temperature to 750 ℃.
The preparation method of the coating comprises the following steps:
firstly, cleaning, polishing and degreasing a brazing wear-resistant coating matrix, mixing brazing filler metal and an organic binder, rolling into flexible metal bonding coating cloth on a roll squeezer, and coating the flexible metal bonding coating cloth on the surface of the wear-resistant coating matrix to form a brazing filler metal bonding layer, wherein the thickness of the brazing filler metal bonding layer is 1-3 mm; the solder comprises BNi82CrSiB, the mass percentages of Cr 6.00-8.00, B2.75-3.50, si 4.00-5.00, fe 2.50-3.50 and the balance Ni;
preparing a hardness sintering layer, wherein the hardness sintering layer comprises 2-5wt% of TiC, 1-1.5wt% of C, 1-2wt% of Ni, 1-2wt% of Mo and 15-17wt% of alpha-Al 2 O 3 、1～2wt％Cr 2 N、1～3wt％Mn 4 N micropowder, 59-62 wt% of reduced Fe powder and 8-12 wt% of CuSnZn powder (Cu, sn and Zn are in a mass ratio of 6:2:2), wherein the component granularity of a hardness sintering layer is in a range of 10-50 mu m, an organic binder with a volume fraction of 3-5% is added after ball milling and uniform mixing (the binder is basically decomposed and volatilized in the subsequent heating process), compact compaction is carried out, the thickness is 1-1.5 mm, and the mixture is placed on the surface of a brazing filler metal bonding layer;
step three, preparing a corrosion lubrication layer, namely mixing 25-30% by mass of HCl with 15-40% by mass of perrhenic acid solution according to 30-40:60-70 (the sum of the two is 100) to obtain an acidic solution, mnO 2 Powder and Ag powder according to 25-40: mixing at a mass ratio of 60-75 (sum of both is 100) to obtain powder, and mixing the acidic solution with the powder25-40: mixing 60-75 (the sum of the two is 100) by mass ratio, stirring uniformly to paste, and coating the paste on the upper part of the hardness sintering layer, wherein the thickness is 0.5-1 mm;
step four, heating the material prepared in the step three in a vacuum brazing furnace, wherein the heating process is as follows: heating (heating rate: 10-25 ℃/min) to 750 ℃ to sinter the hardness sintering layer into holes, preserving heat for 20-40 min, heating (heating rate: 10-20 ℃/min) to 980-1000 ℃ to melt the corrosion lubricating layer, then corroding and soaking, preserving heat for 25-35 min, heating to 1060-1100 ℃ to spread and melt the brazing filler metal bonding layer, and preserving heat for 30-40 min and then naturally cooling to finish the preparation of the brazing coating.
The organic binder ensures that the corresponding powder is soaked in the corresponding layer mixture, the volume fraction is generally 3-5%, and the binder is basically decomposed and volatilized in the subsequent heating process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a heat treatment process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pre-braze coating configuration;
FIG. 3 variation of coefficient of friction and wear rate for example 1 coating at different temperatures;
FIG. 4 variation of coefficient of friction and wear rate for example 2 coating at different temperatures;
fig. 5 example 3 coating changes in coefficient of friction and wear rate at different temperatures.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
Step one, cleaning, polishing and degreasing a brazing coating matrix; the brazing filler metal layer comprises BNi82CrSiB, cr 6.00-8.00, B2.75-3.50, si 4.00-5.00, fe 2.50-3.50 and the balance Ni, and is rolled into a flexible metal coating cloth coated on a self-made roller press to be 1.5mm away from the surface of a substrate after being mixed by an organic binder;
the second step, the hardness sintered layer is composed of 2wt% TiC, 1wt% C, 1wt% Ni, 1wt% Mo, 17wt% alpha-Al 2 O 3 、2wt％Cr 2 N、3wt％Mn 4 N micropowder, 62wt% of reduced Fe powder and 11wt% of CuSnZn powder (Cu, sn and Zn are in a mass ratio of 6:2:2), wherein the component granularity of a hardness sintering layer is within a range of 10-50 mu m, a binder with a volume fraction within a range of 3-5% is added after ball milling and mixing uniformly, compact compaction is carried out, the thickness is 1mm, and the mixture is placed on the surface of a de-bonding layer of the brazing filler metal;
step three, preparing a corrosion lubrication layer: mixing HCl with the concentration of 25% and perrhenic acid solution with the concentration of 30% according to the mass ratio of 3:7, and MnO 2 Uniformly mixing the powder and Ag powder according to a mass ratio of 40:60, and then mixing the powder and an acidic solution according to a mass ratio of 70:30, introducing the mixture into the mixed powder, uniformly stirring the mixture into paste, and coating the paste on the upper part of the hardness sintering layer, wherein the thickness of the paste is about 1mm;
step four, heating the brazing coating prepared and coated in the step one, the step two and the step three in a vacuum brazing furnace, wherein the heating process is as follows: heating (20 ℃/min) to 750 ℃ to sinter the hard sintering layer to form a hole, keeping the temperature for 20min, heating (20 ℃/min) to 980 ℃ to corrode the lubricating layer, melting, corroding and soaking, keeping the temperature for 35 min, heating to 1060 ℃ to spread and melt the bonding layer, keeping for 30min, and naturally cooling to finish the preparation of the brazing coating.
After the coating is prepared, the tribology performance of the coating is tested, a microcomputer-controlled high-temperature friction tester is used for testing the high-temperature tribology performance of the coating, a friction pair is a high-hardness, high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant silicon nitride Si3N4 ceramic ball (with the diameter of 0.3 mm), stable friction between the friction pair and the coating in the test is ensured, the testing temperature is respectively 20 ℃, 150 ℃, 250 ℃, 350 ℃, 450 ℃, 550 ℃, 650 ℃, 750 ℃, and the testing time of each friction test is 30min (15N, 0.35 m/s) to reduce errors, and the test is performed three times at each temperature in order to ensure that the test data is as accurate as possible. The friction factor of the coating is calculated by a computer, after the test is finished, the cross-sectional area and the abrasion volume of the abrasion mark are measured under a microscope, and the cross-sectional area (mm) of the abrasion mark is combined 2 ) The total wear rate (mm) is calculated by the data such as the length (mm) of the grinding mark, the applied load (N), the wear distance (m) and the like through a formula 3 N -1 m -1 )。
Example 2
Step one, cleaning, polishing and degreasing a brazing coating matrix; the brazing filler metal layer comprises BNi82CrSiB, cr 6.00-8.00, B2.75-3.50, si 4.00-5.00, fe 2.50-3.50 and the balance Ni, and is rolled into a flexible metal coating cloth coated on a self-made roller press for 2mm of the surface of a substrate after being mixed by an organic binder;
step two, the hardness sintered layer comprises 1.5wt% TiC, 1wt% C, 2wt% Ni, 2wt% Mo and 17wt% alpha-Al 2 O3、2.5wt％Cr 2 N、3wt％Mn 4 N micropowder, 61wt% of reduced Fe powder and 10wt% of CuSnZn powder (Cu, sn and Zn are in a mass ratio of 6:2:2), wherein the component granularity of a hardness sintering layer is within a range of 10-50 mu m, a binder with a volume fraction within a range of 3-5% is added after ball milling and mixing uniformly, compact compaction is carried out, the thickness is 1mm, and the mixture is placed on the surface of a de-bonding layer of the brazing filler metal;
step three, preparing a corrosion lubrication layer: HCl with the concentration of 30% and perrhenic acid solution with the concentration of 20% are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3:7, mnO 2 Uniformly mixing powder and Ag powder according to a mass ratio of 20:80, and then mixing the powder with an acidic solution according to a mass ratio of 60:40, uniformly mixing, uniformly stirring to paste, and coating the paste on the upper part of the hardness sintering layer, wherein the thickness is 1mm;
step four, heating the brazing coating prepared and coated in the step one, the step two and the step three in a vacuum brazing furnace, wherein the heating process is as follows: heating (20 ℃/min) to 750 ℃ to sinter the hard sintering layer to form a hole, preserving heat for 20min, heating (20 ℃/min) to 980 ℃ to melt the solid lubricating layer, then corroding and soaking, preserving heat for 35 min, heating to 1080 ℃ to spread and melt the brazing filler metal bonding layer, and standing for 30min and then naturally cooling to finish the preparation of the brazing coating.
The friction performance of the coating is tested after the preparation of the coating, a microcomputer-controlled high-temperature friction tester is used for testing the high-temperature friction performance of the coating, a friction pair is a high-hardness, high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant silicon nitride Si3N4 ceramic ball (with the diameter of 0.3 mm), stable friction between the friction pair and the coating in the test is ensured, the testing temperature is respectively 20 ℃, 150 ℃, 250 ℃, 350 ℃, 450 ℃, 550 ℃, 650 ℃, 750 ℃, the testing time of each friction test is 30min (15N, 0.35 m/s) to reduce errors, and in order to ensure that the test data are as accurate as possible, each temperatureThe test was performed three times under the degree. The friction factor of the coating is calculated by a computer, after the test is finished, the cross-sectional area and the abrasion volume of the abrasion mark are measured under a microscope, and the cross-sectional area (mm) of the abrasion mark is combined 2 ) The total wear rate (mm) is calculated by the data such as the length (mm) of the grinding mark, the applied load (N), the wear distance (m) and the like through a formula 3 N -1 m -1 )。
Example 3
Step one, cleaning, polishing and degreasing a brazing coating matrix; the brazing filler metal layer comprises BNi82CrSiB, cr 6.00-8.00, B2.75-3.50, si 4.00-5.00, fe 2.50-3.50 and the balance Ni, and is rolled into a flexible metal coating cloth coated on a self-made roller press for 2mm of the surface of a substrate after being mixed by an organic binder;
the second step, the hardness sintered layer comprises 5wt% TiC, 1.5wt% C, 1.5wt% Ni, 1wt% Mo, 17wt% alpha-Al 2 O 3 、1wt％Cr 2 N、1wt％Mn 4 N micropowder, 60wt% of reduced Fe powder and 12wt% of CuSnZn powder (Cu, sn and Zn are in a mass ratio of 6:2:2), wherein the component granularity of a hardness sintering layer is within a range of 10-50 mu m, a binder with a volume fraction within a range of 3-5% is added after ball milling and mixing uniformly, compact compaction is carried out, the thickness is 1.5mm, and the mixture is placed on the surface of a de-bonding layer of the brazing filler metal;
step three, preparing a corrosion lubrication layer: HCl with the concentration of 30% and perrhenic acid solution with the concentration of 30% are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3:7, mnO 2 Uniformly mixing powder and Ag powder according to a mass ratio of 30:70, and then mixing the powder with an acidic solution according to a mass ratio of 60:40, uniformly mixing, uniformly stirring to paste, and coating the paste on the upper part of the hardness sintering layer, wherein the thickness is 0.5mm;
step four, heating the brazing coating prepared and coated in the step one, the step two and the step three in a vacuum brazing furnace, wherein the heating process is as follows: heating (20 ℃/min) to 750 ℃ to sinter the hard sintering layer to form a hole, keeping the temperature for 20min, heating (20 ℃/min) to 980 ℃ to corrode the lubricating layer, melting, corroding and soaking, keeping the temperature for 35 min, heating to 1060 ℃ to spread and melt the bonding layer, keeping for 30min, and naturally cooling to finish the preparation of the brazing coating.
After the coating is prepared, the tribology performance of the coating is tested, and the test is controlled to be high by using a microcomputerThe high-temperature tribological performance of the coating is tested by a temperature friction tester, the friction pair is a silicon nitride Si3N4 ceramic ball (with the diameter of 0.3 mm) with high hardness, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, stable opposite friction with the coating in the test is ensured, the test temperature is respectively 20 ℃, 150 ℃, 250 ℃, 350 ℃, 450 ℃, 550 ℃, 650 ℃, 750 ℃ and 30min (15N, 0.35 m/s) of each friction test time is reduced error, and the test data is as accurate as possible, and the test is carried out three times at each temperature. The friction factor of the coating is calculated by a computer, after the test is finished, the cross-sectional area and the abrasion volume of the abrasion mark are measured under a microscope, and the cross-sectional area (mm) of the abrasion mark is combined 2 ) The total wear rate (mm) is calculated by the data such as the length (mm) of the grinding mark, the applied load (N), the wear distance (m) and the like through a formula 3 N -1 m -1 )。
Claims (3)
1. The preparation method of the self-adaptive brazing wear-resistant coating capable of generating the corrosion lubricant in situ is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, cleaning, polishing and degreasing a brazing wear-resistant coating matrix, mixing brazing filler metal and an organic binder, rolling into flexible metal bonding coating cloth on a roll squeezer, and coating the flexible metal bonding coating cloth on the surface of the wear-resistant coating matrix to form a brazing filler metal bonding layer, wherein the thickness of the brazing filler metal bonding layer is 1-3 mm; the solder comprises BNi82CrSiB, the mass percentages of Cr 6.00-8.00, B2.75-3.50, si 4.00-5.00, fe 2.50-3.50 and the balance Ni;
preparing a hardness sintering layer, wherein the hardness sintering layer comprises 2-5wt% of TiC, 1-1.5wt% of C, 1-2wt% of Ni, 1-2wt% of Mo and 15-17wt% of alpha-Al 2 O 3 、1～2wt％Cr 2 N、1～3wt％Mn 4 N micropowder, 59-62 wt% of reduced Fe powder and 8-12 wt% of CuSnZn powder, wherein the component granularity of a hardness sintering layer is within the range of 10-50 mu m, and after ball milling and mixing uniformly, adding an organic binder for compact compaction, wherein the thickness is 1-1.5 mm, and placing the mixture on the surface of a brazing filler metal bonding layer;
step three, preparing a corrosion lubrication layer, namely mixing 25-30% by mass of HCl with 15-40% by mass of perrhenic acid solution according to 30-40:60-70 mass ratio to obtain an acidic solution, mnO 2 Powder and Ag powder according to 25-40: mixing evenly in a mass ratio of 60-75 to obtain powder, and then mixing the acidic solution and the powder according to a mass ratio of 25-40: mixing the materials according to the mass ratio of 60-75, stirring the materials uniformly to paste, and coating the paste on the upper part of the hardness sintering layer, wherein the thickness is 0.5-1 mm; the sum of the mass of the HCl with the mass concentration of 25-30% and the perrhenic acid solution with the mass concentration of 15-40% is 100; mnO (MnO) 2 The sum of the mass of the powder and the Ag powder is 100, and the sum of the mass of the acid solution and the powder is 100;
step four, heating the material prepared in the step three in a vacuum brazing furnace, wherein the heating process is as follows: heating to 750 ℃ according to the heating rate of 10-25 ℃/min to sinter the hardness sintering layer into holes, preserving heat for 20-40 min, heating to 980-1000 ℃ according to the heating rate of 10-20 ℃/min to melt the corrosion lubricating layer, then corroding and soaking, preserving heat for 25-35 min, heating to 1060-1100 ℃ to spread and melt the brazing filler metal bonding layer, and preserving heat for 30-40 min and then naturally cooling to finish the preparation of the brazing coating.
2. The method for preparing the self-adaptive brazing wear-resistant coating with the corrosion lubricant generated in situ according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of Cu, sn and Zn in CuSnZn powder is 6:2:2.
3. An adaptive brazing wear resistant coating in situ forming corrosion lubricant prepared according to the method of claim 1 or 2.
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| CN1609274A (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2005-04-27 | 北京科技大学 | Carbonide / iron-base alloy composite coating and its reaction brass coating technology |
| WO2013077113A1 (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2013-05-30 | 福田金属箔粉工業株式会社 | Ni-Cr-BASED BRAZING MATERIAL HAVING EXCELLENT WETTABILITY/SPREADABILITY AND CORROSION RESISTANCE |
| CN105648499A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-08 | 南京理工大学 | Titanium alloy surface gradient antifriction and antiwear coating layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109570672A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-05 | 河南智联寰宇知识产权运营有限公司 | In the method that titanium alloy surface prepares ultrahigh-temperature wear-resistant coating |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1609274A (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2005-04-27 | 北京科技大学 | Carbonide / iron-base alloy composite coating and its reaction brass coating technology |
| WO2013077113A1 (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2013-05-30 | 福田金属箔粉工業株式会社 | Ni-Cr-BASED BRAZING MATERIAL HAVING EXCELLENT WETTABILITY/SPREADABILITY AND CORROSION RESISTANCE |
| CN105648499A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-08 | 南京理工大学 | Titanium alloy surface gradient antifriction and antiwear coating layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109570672A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-05 | 河南智联寰宇知识产权运营有限公司 | In the method that titanium alloy surface prepares ultrahigh-temperature wear-resistant coating |
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