CN114052917A

CN114052917A - Operation arm, slave operation device and surgical robot

Info

Publication number: CN114052917A
Application number: CN202111355666.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙强
Original assignee: Shenzhen Edge Medical Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Edge Medical Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-16
Filing date: 2021-11-16
Publication date: 2022-02-18

Abstract

The application discloses operation arm includes: an instrument carrying arm connected with a surgical instrument; a base link including a mounting base connected with an adjustment arm and a linkage base connected with the mounting base, the mounting base having a cyclone axis passing through a remote control center (RC) point, the linkage base having a deflection axis passing through the RC point; and the parallelogram mechanism is connected with the linkage base and the instrument bearing arm and is configured into a parallelogram, an extension line of a first side of the parallelogram penetrates through the RC point, and the first side and the deflection axis form an included angle alpha with an angle larger than zero. The application also discloses a slave operation device and a surgical robot. The application can avoid the operation arm of the slave operation equipment from touching the patient when rotating around the deflection axis, thereby improving the safety of the surgical robot system.

Description

Operation arm, slave operation device and surgical robot

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to an operating arm, a slave operating device and a surgical robot.

Background

The minimally invasive surgery is a surgery mode for performing surgery in a human body cavity by using modern medical instruments such as a laparoscope, a thoracoscope and the like and related equipment. Compared with the traditional minimally invasive surgery, the minimally invasive surgery has the advantages of small wound, light pain, quick recovery and the like.

With the progress of science and technology, the minimally invasive surgery robot technology is gradually mature and widely applied. The minimally invasive surgery robot generally comprises a main operation table and a slave operation device, wherein the main operation table is used for sending control commands to the slave operation device according to the operation of a doctor so as to control the slave operation device, and the slave operation device is used for responding to the control commands sent by the main operation table and carrying out corresponding surgery operation.

However, in the prior art, the actuation arm of the slave actuation device runs the risk of touching the patient during rotation about the pivot axis.

Disclosure of Invention

A primary object of the present application is to provide an operating arm, a slave operating device and a surgical robot, which aim to avoid the operating arm of the slave operating device from touching the patient when rotating around a yaw axis, thereby improving the safety of the surgical robot system.

To achieve the above object, the present application provides an operation arm including:

an instrument carrying arm connected with a surgical instrument;

a base link including a mounting base connected with an adjustment arm and a linkage base connected with the mounting base, the mounting base having a cyclone axis passing through a remote control center (RC) point, the linkage base having a deflection axis passing through the RC point;

and the parallelogram mechanism is connected with the linkage base and the instrument bearing arm and is configured into a parallelogram, an extension line of a first side of the parallelogram penetrates through the RC point, and the first side and the deflection axis form an included angle alpha with an angle larger than zero.

Optionally, the first side of the parallelogram forms an angle β with the cyclone axis that is greater than zero.

Optionally, the parallelogram mechanism is operable to move about a pitch axis, the pitch axis being perpendicular to the plane of the parallelogram mechanism;

the pitch axis is not coincident with the yaw axis and intersects the yaw axis at the RC point.

Optionally, the pitch axis is perpendicular to the yaw axis.

Optionally, the pitch axis is perpendicular to the cyclone axis.

Optionally, the included angle α and the included angle β are coplanar included angles.

Optionally, the included angle α and the included angle β are dihedral included angles.

Optionally, the mounting base comprises a cyclone joint connected to the adjustment arm and having a cyclone axis about which the cyclone joint is rotatable; the linkage base includes a yaw joint connected to the mounting link and having a rotation about the yaw axis, and a linkage link connected to the yaw joint, the linkage link being connected to the parallelogram mechanism.

Optionally, the mounting base further comprises a mounting connecting rod connected with the cyclone joint and the deflection joint, and the mounting connecting rod is used for driving the linkage base to rotate when rotating around the cyclone axis.

In order to achieve the above object, the present application further provides a slave operation device, which includes an orientation platform, the slave operation device includes a base, an orientation platform installed on the base, and a mechanical arm connected to the orientation platform, the mechanical arm includes an adjustment arm connected to the orientation platform, an operation arm connected to the adjustment arm, and a surgical instrument installed on the operation arm.

To achieve the above object, the present application also provides a surgical robot including a master console for controlling the slave operation device, and the slave operation device as described above

The application provides an operating arm, a slave operating device and a surgical machine, wherein an included angle which is larger than zero is formed between a first side of a parallelogram and a deflection axis by setting a rotation axis and the deflection axis which pass through an RC point. In this way, the operating arm of the slave operating device can be prevented from touching the patient when rotating about the yaw axis, thereby improving the safety of the surgical robotic system.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a surgical robot according to the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the main console of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the cart of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the frame structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the slave operation device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of still another embodiment of the slave manipulator apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an operating arm according to the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the surgical device of FIG. 5;

FIG. 9 is a simplified schematic diagram of a robot arm according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an arm of the present application during a surgical procedure;

FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a comparison of a first joint offset from a yaw axis and a first joint not offset from a yaw axis of the present application;

fig. 12 is a simplified schematic diagram of fig. 11 from a perspective.

The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

In addition, descriptions in this application as to "first", "second", etc. are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present application.

As shown in fig. 1, a surgical robot 1000 may be used to perform minimally invasive diagnostic or surgical procedures on a patient lying on an operating table. The surgical robot 1000 includes a master console 100 and a slave operation device 200, the master console 100 being configured to transmit a control command to the slave operation device 200 according to a doctor's operation to control the slave operation device 200; the slave operation device 200 is used for responding to the control command sent by the master console 100 and performing the corresponding operation. The surgical robot may further include an electronic equipment cart 300 electrically connected to the main operation table 100. The surgeon may view the surgical site through the master console 100 and the slave manipulator apparatus 200 may manipulate at least one removably attachable surgical instrument (not shown) through a minimally invasive incision in the patient. An image of the surgical site may be obtained by an endoscope (not shown in the drawings) such as a stereoscopic endoscope, which may be manipulated by the slave operation device 200 to orient the endoscope. The electronics cart 300 may be used to display an image of the surgical site for display to a physician's assistant.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the surgeon's main operating table 100. The surgeon's main console 100 includes left and right eye displays (not shown) for presenting the surgeon with a perspective view of the surgical site that is depth-aware. The master console 100 further includes one or more input control devices (not shown) that are operated by the surgeon to cause the slave console 100 to simultaneously manipulate one or more surgical instruments. The input control device may provide the same degrees of freedom as its associated surgical instrument, providing the surgeon with telepresence, or the perception that the input control device is integral with the surgical instrument, giving the surgeon a strong sense of directly controlling the surgical instrument.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device cart 300. The electronics cart 300 can be coupled to an endoscope and can include a processor for processing captured images for display to a surgeon on the surgeon's console or on another suitable display located locally and/or remotely. For example, where a stereoscopic endoscope is used, the image host on the electronics cart 300 may process the captured images to present a coordinated stereoscopic image of the surgical site to the surgeon. Such coordination may include alignment between the opposing images, and may include adjusting a stereoscopic working distance of the stereoscopic endoscope. As another example, image processing may include using predetermined camera calibration parameters to compensate for imaging errors of the image capture device, such as optical aberrations.

As shown in fig. 4, the master console 100 of the surgeon may be used by the surgeon to control the slave manipulation devices 200 during minimally invasive surgery. The slave operation device 200 may capture an image of the surgical site using an imaging device such as a stereoscopic endoscope and output the captured image to the master operation table 100 and the electronic device cart 300. As discussed above, the electronic device cart 300 can process the captured image in various ways prior to any subsequent display. For example, the electronic device cart 300 may overlay the captured image with a virtual control interface before displaying the combined image to the surgeon via the surgeon's main console 100. The captured image may be output from the manipulation device 200 for processing outside the electronic device cart 300. For example, a captured image may be output from the operating device 200 to the processor 500, where the processor 500 may be used to process the captured image. The image may also be processed by a combination of the electronics cart 300 and the processor 500, and the electronics cart 300 and the processor 500 may be coupled together for common, sequential, and/or combined processing of the captured images. One or more separate displays 600 may also be coupled to the processor 500 and/or the electronics cart 300 for displaying images, such as images of the surgical site or other related images, locally and/or remotely. It is understood that the processor may include a processor of the main console 100, a processor of the slave operation device 200, and a processor of the image master (not shown in the drawings) on the electronic device cart 300. For simplicity of understanding, only one processor is identified herein.

As shown in fig. 5, the slave manipulator apparatus 200 provides for manipulation of three surgical instruments 700 and an imaging apparatus 800, such as a stereoscopic endoscope for capturing images of a surgical site. The imaging device 800 and the surgical instrument 700 may be positioned and manipulated through an incision in a patient such that a kinematic RC point (Remote center of manipulation) is maintained at the incision to minimize the size of the incision. The image of the surgical site may include an image of the distal end of the surgical instrument 700 when the distal end of the surgical instrument 700 is disposed within the field of view of the imaging device 800.

As shown in fig. 6, the slave manipulator 200 includes a base 20, an orienting platform 30 mounted on the base 20, and a robot arm 40 connected to the orienting platform 30. The base 20 may further include a base body 21, a column 22 disposed on the base body 21, and a suspension arm 23 connected to the column 22, wherein the orientation platform 30 is connected to the suspension arm 23. The robotic arm 40 includes an adjustment arm 50 connected to the orienting platform 30, an operating arm 60 connected to the adjustment arm 50, and a surgical instrument (not shown) mounted on the operating arm. The surgical instrument may be an electrocautery, a forceps, a stapler, a scissors, etc. for performing a surgical procedure, or may be a camera or other surgical instrument for acquiring images, and a plurality of surgical instruments are inserted into a patient's body from different incisions.

As shown in fig. 7, the operation arm 60 includes a base link 61 connected to the adjustment arm 50, a parallelogram mechanism 62 connected to the base link 61, and an instrument carrying arm 63, and the instrument carrying arm 63 is used to support the surgical instrument 700.

The base link 61 includes a mounting base 68 connected to the adjustment arm 50 and a linkage base 69 connected to the mounting base 68, and the mounting base 68 further includes a whirlwind joint 681 connected to the adjustment arm 50 and having a whirlwind axis 610 and a mounting link 682 connected to the whirlwind joint 681. The linkage base 69 further includes a yaw joint 691 coupled to the mounting link 682 that is rotatable about a yaw axis 620 and a linkage link 692 coupled to the yaw joint 691. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the mounting link 682 may not be provided.

The instrument carrying arm 63 has an insertion axis 630 such that the surgical instrument 700 can be moved along the insertion axis 30 to control the depth of the surgical instrument 700 into the patient. As shown in fig. 8, the surgical instrument 700 has a long shaft 720 and an end effector 730 located at the end of the long shaft 720, the long shaft 720 is provided with an RC point (Remote Center) at a side close to the end effector 730, which may also be referred to as: an instrument motionless point 11, this RC point or instrument motionless point 11 coinciding with the RC point of the surgical robot 1000. During the movement of the operation arm 60, the surgical instrument 700 may swing around the RC point, so as to avoid the surgical robot 1000 from causing damage to the patient during the operation. Wherein the orientation stage 30 has a coordinate system F₀E.g. F₀(a, b, c) the RC points relative to the coordinate system F of the orienting platform 30₀The coordinates of (a) remain unchanged.

As shown in fig. 7, the parallelogram mechanism 62 further includes a first link 65 connected to the linkage link 692 through a first joint 67 and a second link 66 connected to the first link, wherein the first joint 67 and the RC point form a first side 650 of the parallelogram (as shown in fig. 9). The first link 65, second link 66 and instrument carrying arm 63 lie in adjacent planes. This arrangement can save space when the operating arm 600 is folded.

As shown in fig. 9, the yaw axis 620, the insertion axis 630, and the cyclone axis 610 all pass through the RC point, the operation arm 600 further includes a pitch axis 640 passing through the RC point, and the parallelogram mechanism 62 can perform a pitch motion about the pitch axis 640. The parallelogram mechanism 62 further comprises a second side (not shown), a third side (not shown) and a fourth side (not shown) connected in sequence with the first side 650, wherein the extension of the first side 650 passes through the RC point, the second side substantially coincides with the first link 65, the third side substantially coincides with the second link 66, and the fourth side substantially coincides with the instrument-carrying arm 63.

It will be appreciated that when the parallelogram mechanism 62 is rotated about the yaw axis 620, the pitch axis 640 is perpendicular to the plane of the parallelogram mechanism; when the parallelogram 62 rotates about the cyclone axis 680, the pitch axis 640 is perpendicular to the plane of the parallelogram. The pitch axis 640 is not coincident with either the cyclone axis 610 or the yaw axis 620. Additionally, the pitch axis 640 may be perpendicular to the cyclone axis 68, and the pitch axis 640 may also be perpendicular to the yaw axis 620. That is, the pitch axis 640 shown in fig. 9 is an initial position before the operating arm rotates, and when the operating arm rotates, the pitch axis 640 follows the change, but always passes through the RC point.

The angle range of the parallelogram mechanism 62 pitching around the pitch axis 640 may be [ -30 °,160 ° ], may also be [ -30 °,150 ° ], may also be [ -20 °,140 ° ], may also be [ -15 °,140 ° ], may also be [ -10 °,135 ° ] and the like, and specific values may be reasonably set according to actual needs. Of course, the specific range values are only used to help understanding the scheme of the application and do not play a limiting role. That is, the minimum angle and the maximum angle can be adjusted according to actual needs.

The rotation angle range of the second side of the parallelogram relative to the third side of the parallelogram is [ -30 degrees, 160 degrees ], can also be [ -25 degrees, 150 degrees ], can also be [ -20 degrees, 140 degrees ], can also be [ -15 degrees, 140 degrees ], can also be [ -10 degrees, 135 degrees ] and the like, and the rotation angle range of the fourth side of the parallelogram relative to the third side of the parallelogram is [ -30 degrees, 160 degrees ], can also be [ -30 degrees, 150 degrees ], can also be [ -20 degrees, 140 degrees ], can also be [ -15 degrees, 135 degrees ], can also be [ -10 degrees, 135 degrees ] and the like.

The included angle between the pitch axis 640 and the yaw axis 620 may be 90 °, which is beneficial to both the processing of the surgical robot 100 and the system control calculation of the surgical robot 100. Of course, in other embodiments, the included angle between the pitch axis 640 and the yaw axis 620 may also be an angle close to 90 °, for example, may deviate by 1 to 10 ° or the like, and may be set reasonably according to actual needs.

As shown in fig. 9, the first edge 650 forms an angle α with the deflection axis 620 that is greater than zero, and the first edge 650 forms an angle β with the cyclone axis 610 that is greater than zero. The angle α and the angle β may be equal or different. The included angle alpha and the included angle beta can be different planes or coplanar.

Due to the included angles α and β, the first joint 67 is offset from the yaw axis 620 and also offset from the cyclone axis 610. That is, the first joint 67 is not located on the yaw axis 620 and the cyclone axis 610.

As shown in fig. 10, the patient is positioned below the operating arm 60 and below the lateral edge reference point O of the first joint 67. During operation, the parallelogram mechanism 62 swings around the deflection axis 620, and the point O rotates around the deflection axis 620, and when the point O rotates to a certain extent, the point O is lower than the initial position of the point O, and the point O is closer to the patient, so that the patient may be pressed. Since the reference point for the patient at initial setup is point O, the present application focuses on the amount of drop in the lowest point reached by point O as it rotates about yaw axis 620 from its initial position. If the descending amount of the lowest point from the initial position of the O point is small, the mechanical arm can be more effectively prevented from touching the patient. The included angle alpha is set to enable the first joint 67 to deviate from the deflection axis 620, so that the operating arm 60 can be prevented from colliding with a patient when swinging around the deflection axis 620 in the operation process. The specific principle is as follows:

as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the left side of the drawing shows the first joint 67 being offset from the yaw axis 620, and the right side of the drawing shows the first joint 67 not being offset from the yaw axis 620, i.e., being on the yaw axis 620. Wherein the p1 point and the p2 point are both the deflection axis 620 and are perpendicular to the paper; points O1 and O2 are both the first joint 67 lateral edge reference points (point O2 is located relatively higher than point O1); the M1 point is the lowest point reached by the O1 point rotating around the p1 point; the M2 point is the lowest point reached by the O2 point rotating around the p2 point.

The amount of decrease of the M1 point from the O1 point was q1, and the amount of decrease of the M2 point from the O2 point was q 2. And calculating to obtain that q1 is less than q 2. That is, in the present application, by setting the included angle α, the amount of drop of the lowest point from the initial position of the point O can be made small. Thus, it is possible to avoid that the operating arm 60 is pressed against the patient during the operation.

Claims

1. An operating arm, characterized in that it comprises:

an instrument carrying arm connected with a surgical instrument;

2. The manipulator arm according to claim 1, wherein the first side of the parallelogram forms an angle β with the cyclone axis that is greater than zero.

3. An operating arm according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the parallelogram mechanism is operable to move about a pitch axis, the pitch axis being perpendicular to the plane of the parallelogram mechanism;

4. The manipulator arm according to claim 3, wherein the pitch axis is perpendicular to the yaw axis.

5. An arm according to claim 3, in which the pitch axis is perpendicular to the cyclone axis.

6. The arm according to claim 2, wherein said included angle α and said included angle β are coplanar.

7. The arm of claim 2, wherein said included angle α and said included angle β are dihedral angles.

8. The arm according to claim 1, wherein said mounting base includes a cyclone joint connected to said adjustment arm and having a cyclone axis about which said cyclone joint is rotatable; the linkage base includes a yaw joint connected to the mounting link and having a rotation about the yaw axis, and a linkage link connected to the yaw joint, the linkage link being connected to the parallelogram mechanism.

9. The arm of claim 8, wherein said mounting base further comprises a mounting linkage connecting said cyclone joint and said yaw joint, said mounting linkage configured to rotate said linkage base when rotated about said cyclone axis.

10. A slave manipulator apparatus comprising an orientation platform, wherein the slave manipulator apparatus comprises a base, an orientation platform mounted on the base, and a robotic arm coupled to the orientation platform, the robotic arm comprising an adjustment arm coupled to the orientation platform, the manipulator arm of claims 1-9 coupled to the adjustment arm, and a surgical instrument mounted on the manipulator arm.

11. A surgical robot, characterized in that it comprises a master console for controlling the slave operating device and a slave operating device according to claim 10.