CN114050195B - Flexible CIC battery and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Flexible CIC battery and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114050195B CN114050195B CN202111190692.7A CN202111190692A CN114050195B CN 114050195 B CN114050195 B CN 114050195B CN 202111190692 A CN202111190692 A CN 202111190692A CN 114050195 B CN114050195 B CN 114050195B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/42—Arrangements or adaptations of power supply systems
- B64G1/44—Arrangements or adaptations of power supply systems using radiation, e.g. deployable solar arrays
- B64G1/446—Thermal solar power generation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/02002—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations
- H01L31/02005—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02008—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules
- H01L31/02013—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules comprising output lead wires elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/044—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including bypass diodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1876—Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
- H01L31/188—Apparatus specially adapted for automatic interconnection of solar cells in a module
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible CIC battery and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the flexible CIC battery comprises a flexible solar battery, and the flexible solar battery is oppositely provided with a first surface and a second surface; a flexible glass cover sheet is arranged on the first surface of the flexible solar cell; a bypass diode is arranged on the second surface of the flexible solar cell; the bypass diode and the flexible solar cell are connected through a flexible interconnection sheet; the thickness of the flexible CIC battery is 100-300 mu m. The invention realizes the full flexibility of the CIC battery, and the solar battery array can realize the full flexibility based on the CIC battery array, so that the solar battery array has smaller folded volume and lighter weight, has higher power on satellites with the same volume and weight, carries more effective loads, and saves the cost and the launching expense of the satellites.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a flexible CIC cell and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
At present, the spacecrafts such as artificial satellites, spaceships, space stations and the like all utilize solar cells to obtain energy for continuous operation. The solar cell is subjected to welding of the interconnection strips, welding of the bypass diode and pasting of the anti-radiation glass cover plate to form an independent component, which is called a CIC (semiconductor and cover integrated cell) for short.
In the related art, the technology adopted by the spacecraft solar cell array is generally a rigid array technology, and a rigid substrate and a rigid CIC cell are basic constituent units of the spacecraft solar cell array. The traditional rigid solar array adopts a combination form of a rigid substrate and a rigid CIC, and has the following problems: 1) the substrate is not bendable, the traditional substrate is a combination form of aluminum honeycomb and carbon fiber, and the thickness of the substrate is usually more than 20 mm; while a rigid-flexible solar array needs a flexible substrate with the thickness of about 0.5mm, and a rigid CIC cell is adopted, so that the solar array can be only slightly bent, laid and not curled; 2) the weight is large, and the rigid solar array formed by rigid CIC has heavier weight; 3) the laminated film can not be directly laminated and has large volume. The rigid CIC battery has the problems of low power generation efficiency, heavy weight, incapability of bending and the like; the related technology also adopts a flexible solar array technology formed by combining a flexible substrate and a rigid CIC cell, and the flexible solar array also has the problems of low power generation efficiency, heavy weight, incapability of bending and the like due to the selection of the rigid CIC cell.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a flexible CIC cell that is lightweight and efficient and reliable.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a CIC battery, and the assembly is efficient and reliable.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the CIC battery.
The invention also provides an application of the flexible solar cell.
A first aspect of the invention provides a CIC cell,
the solar cell comprises a flexible solar cell, wherein a first surface and a second surface are oppositely arranged on the flexible solar cell;
a flexible glass cover sheet is arranged on the first surface of the flexible solar cell;
a bypass diode is arranged on the second surface of the flexible solar cell;
the bypass diode and the flexible solar cell are connected through a flexible interconnection sheet;
the thickness of the flexible CIC battery is 100-300 mu m.
All components of the flexible CIC battery are designed in a fully flexible mode, so that the flexible CIC battery has the characteristics of good bending performance and flexibility; meanwhile, the flexible CIC battery is thin in overall thickness, so that the flexible CIC battery has the characteristic of low areal density; the beneficial bending property and flexibility of the wing-shaped curved surface ensures good reliability of the attachment of the wing-shaped curved surface, and packaging problems such as warping and cracking do not exist.
The flexible CIC cell is efficient and reliable, is applied to a spacecraft solar array, and replaces the currently used rigid CIC, so that the spacecraft solar array is fully flexible, can be bent and compressed, and the weight and the volume of the spacecraft solar array are greatly reduced.
The flexible CIC battery adopts a square design, and a large chamfer design for placing a bypass diode in the related technology is cancelled (the large chamfer design can cause 2 chamfers in the rigid CIC battery); namely, chamfer is not required to be designed in the flexible CIC cell, so that the available area of the solar array is increased, and the wiring coefficient and the power generation power of the solar array are further increased.
Meanwhile, the flexible solar cell and the bypass diode of the flexible CIC cell are extremely thin, and lamination is realized.
In the flexible CIC cell, the CIC cell is fully flexible to realize the flexibility of the solar array; the flexibility of the CIC cell firstly requires that devices such as a solar cell, a bypass diode and the like are all flexible devices, and the combined form of the bypass diode in the CIC cell is changed from the same layer to a laminated layer according to the device characteristics.
If the flexible diode is applied to the rigid CIC, the bypass diode and the rigid solar cell are combined in parallel, so that a large height difference is generated, a cover plate is not easy to stick, and the damage rate of the cover plate is increased; if the flexible bypass diode is designed at the lower part of the rigid solar cell, the rigid CIC is easy to crack the solar cell and the glass cover plate in the compression process due to the height difference caused by the addition of the bypass diode. Also, rigid batteries cannot be built up in stacks due to their large thickness.
If the flexible CIC adopts a parallel mode, chamfers are needed, so that the effective area of the solar cell is reduced, the generated energy of a single cell is reduced, and the requirement on satellite power cannot be met. If the stacking mode is adopted, the generating capacity of the single solar cell is improved, the normal power requirement of the satellite is met, and the flexible solar cell can protect the bypass diode from being influenced by ultraviolet rays, electronic radiation and the like, so that the performance of the bypass diode is ensured, and the reliability of a product is improved.
In the related technology, a rigid CIC adopts a rigid bypass diode as a triangular silicon tube; the product of the invention uses the flexible gallium arsenide bypass diode with thinner thickness, and the flexible gallium arsenide bypass diode is overlapped with the solar cell layer and fixed on the back of the solar cell in the preparation process; in order to improve the welding reliability and the material utilization rate, the bypass diode is designed to be square or round.
In the related technology, the surface covering layer for the rigid CIC is a glass cover sheet or a transparent polyimide film with the thickness of more than 80 microns, the transparent polyimide film is a product used for covering a flexible solar cell array for multiple tests in the industry, the thickness of the transparent polyimide film is small, the flexibility is excellent, the transparent polyimide film is easy to process and manufacture, and the transparent polyimide film does not have an effective protection effect on space low-energy particles; the flexible glass cover plate has the charged particle protection effect and the bending characteristic.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the flexible solar cell comprises one of a flexible crystalline silicon solar cell, a flexible gallium arsenide solar cell, a flexible copper indium gallium selenide thin film solar cell and a flexible amorphous silicon thin film solar cell.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the flexible solar cell has a thickness of 30 μm to 90 μm.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the flexible glass has a thickness of 50 μm to 70 μm.
The bending radius of the flexible glass with the thickness of 50-70 mu m can reach 50 mm.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the bypass diode is one of a square bypass diode and a circular bypass diode.
The bypass diode in the flexible CIC battery is designed without considering chamfering factors (in the related technology, the bypass diode needs to be designed into a triangle when chamfering is considered), and because the welding spot is usually square or circular, the flexible bypass diode is designed into the square or circular, so that the area utilization rate and the production efficiency of the bypass diode are improved; meanwhile, the risk of corner folding or electric leakage at the edge of the diode is reduced, and the reliability of the product is improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the flexible interconnection sheet is a metal interconnection sheet.
The flexible interconnect sheet also has a stress-reducing effect.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the metal interconnection sheet comprises at least one of a gold interconnection sheet and a silver interconnection sheet.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the flexible interconnect sheet has a thickness of 20 μm to 40 μm.
The flexible interconnection sheet is usually made of silver strips with the thickness of 20-40 mu m, and the related technology China is in an omega form; however, in order to meet the requirement of direct lamination, the interconnection sheet is designed into a plane form, and a plane S-shaped bending stress reducing form is adopted.
The invention provides a method for the flexible CIC battery, which comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out insulation protection treatment on the flexible solar cell, the flexible bypass diode and the flexible interconnection sheet; manufacturing a first assembly;
s2, welding the first component in the step S1 by adopting a melt-resisting welding process; manufacturing a second component;
and S3, attaching the flexible glass cover sheet to the second component in the step S2 to obtain the flexible CIC battery.
In the related technology, a resistance fusion welding process is adopted for rigid CIC electric connection, the thickness of an interconnection sheet material of a flexible CIC is the same as that of a rigid CIC, but the difference between a flexible solar cell and a flexible bypass diode in the flexible CIC and a rigid device is larger, and the resistance fusion welding process is difficult to realize, mainly because the resistance fusion welding is realized by heating a welding electrode with higher resistance value to melt metal silver in contact with an electrode so that the interconnection sheet, the solar cell and the diode electrode form effective welding; the flexible device is made of thin materials, and the flexible electrode cannot be melted to form a welding spot with low welding power in the welding process, so that the welding power is improved, and the flexible battery is broken down and fails immediately; the measures adopted in the related art are that the solar cell and the interconnection sheet are pasted by using conductive adhesive to complete electric connection, and the pasting mode of the conductive adhesive is easy to realize but relatively poor in reliability.
And (3) fusion welding resisting process:
the flexible CIC battery is used for improving the reliability of products; and the fusion welding resisting process is still adopted through process optimization. Optimizing the product structure for the requirement of the solar cell and the bypass diode needing to be welded on the welding temperature strength to increase the reliability of the product; the risk of breakdown failure in the welding process is reduced; an auxiliary welding metal material layer is added to the welding electrode, so that the weldability of the welding electrode is improved; the size of the replacement material of the welding machine is matched and the electrode is welded; the welding voltage, current, and pressure are adjusted. And finally, reliable welding of the flexible solar cell, the flexible bypass diode and the pure silver interconnection sheet is realized.
The flexible CIC electric leakage insulation protection process comprises the following steps:
because the thicknesses of the flexible battery and the diode are too thin, the electric leakage occurs in the short-distance contact of the conductive interconnection sheet, the bypass diode and the battery after the traditional electric connection. Aiming at the situation, an insulation protection process is added to the part of the flexible CIC battery with electric leakage, so that the reliability of the product is ensured.
Glass cover plate paster positioning process:
the cover glass for the rigid CIC is thick, and the cover glass can be accurately positioned by using a positioning pile process, but the cover glass is extremely thin and fragile for the flexible CIC, and the positioning pile is very easy to damage the cover glass due to the contact with the cover glass. For this case, the present invention achieves the positioning of the cover plate by the movable spud process.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the flexible interconnection sheet surface is provided with a non-welded area and a welded area.
According to some embodiments of the invention, an insulating protection process is performed on the first surface edge of the flexible solar cell and a part of the non-welding area of the flexible interconnection sheet.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the flexible solar cell lower electrode and the flexible bypass diode contact edge region are subjected to an insulation protection treatment.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the flexible bypass diode lower electrode and the part of the seam welding area of the flexible interconnection sheet are subjected to insulation protection treatment.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the locations where the fusion blocking welding process is performed in step S2 include the following locations: the flexible solar cell comprises a flexible solar cell front electrode, a flexible interconnection sheet, a flexible bypass diode upper electrode, a flexible bypass diode lower electrode and a flexible bypass diode upper electrode, wherein the flexible interconnection sheet is welded with the flexible interconnection sheet, the flexible bypass diode upper electrode and the flexible bypass diode lower electrode.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the solder mask welding process in step S2 includes the following process parameters:
the welding electrode is as follows: tungsten molybdenum copper metal material;
the welding power is as follows: 50W-100W;
the welding voltage is: 0.5V-1V;
the welding current is as follows: 100A-200A;
the welding pressure is as follows: 3N-6N;
the solder is as follows: silver.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the attaching in step S3 includes the steps of: and coating a glue layer on the surface of the second assembly, then placing the flexible glass on the surface of the glue layer, and curing.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the adhesive layer is a two-component silicone rubber.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the glue layer has a thickness of 30 μm to 150 μm.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the curing comprises vacuum conforming and thermal curing.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the vacuum degree of the vacuum bonding is 0.1 to 10 Pa.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the thermal curing is between 50 ℃ and 150 ℃.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the heat curing time is 0.5h to 5 h.
The invention provides application of the flexible CIC battery in preparation of the spacecraft in a third aspect.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the spacecraft comprises at least one of an artificial earth satellite, a space probe and a manned spacecraft.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention realizes the full flexibility of the flexible CIC battery, so that the flexible CIC battery has smaller folded volume and lighter weight, a satellite with the same volume and weight has higher power, more effective loads can be carried, and the cost and the launching expense of a space vehicle are saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a flexible CIC cell according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of section AA1 at AA in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a rear view of a flexible CIC according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of section BB1 at BB in FIG. 3; fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a flexible interconnect sheet (electrode interconnect sheet on solar cell) in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a flexible interconnection sheet (flexible bypass diode lower electrode interconnection sheet) in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a flexible bypass diode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals are as follows:
101. a flexible triple junction gallium arsenide cell; 102. a flexible cover glass; 103. a flexible bypass diode; 104. a flexible interconnect sheet; 105. an insulating protective layer; 106. a cover plate glue layer;
201. an edge of the flexible bypass diode; 202. an electrode of the flexible bypass diode.
Detailed Description
The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Specific examples of the present invention are described in detail below.
The large temperature difference of +/-100 ℃ exists in space (the low-temperature and high-temperature difference is 200 ℃), so that stress exists in different materials, a solar array with large area and thin thickness is formed, and the stress is mainly reflected between CIC cells.
In the embodiment of the invention, the flexible CIC needs to weld a flexible interconnection sheet, a flexible bypass diode and the like on the flexible battery, and additionally, a flexible glass cover sheet is pasted on the front surface of the flexible battery.
The flexible interconnection sheet can be in a plane stress reduction form with single S-shaped bend and multiple S-shaped bends, and can also be in a traditional omega stress reduction form.
The bypass diode location may be left, medial, or right of the flexible battery back at different locations.
The flexible CIC battery adopts flexible triple-junction gallium arsenide battery, flexible glass cover plate, flexible bypass diode and other crimpable components to form the flexible laminated battery. The laminated cell can be rolled, and the rolling radius is less than 50 mm. The weight is light, and the thickness of the whole laminated battery is reduced by about one half compared with that of a rigid laminated battery.
The invention relates to a packaging manufacturing process of a flexible CIC battery. The specifically adopted measures comprise:
1) and (3) a vacuum adsorption process in the welding process of the flexible battery electrode. Because the thickness of the flexible battery is too thin and stress exists between the battery metal layer and the gallium arsenide epitaxial layer, the battery can be naturally curled after being manufactured, and the subsequent process can not be smoothly carried out like the traditional rigid battery. Aiming at the problems caused by the situation on welding, a welding vacuum adsorption tool is designed, researched and developed to enable the flexible battery to be kept in a flat state in the welding process. For the flexible battery, the flexible battery is deformed by the traditional adsorption process, and the appearance of the CIC patch and the product is seriously influenced. The adsorption tool for the flexible battery is designed and researched under the condition that the battery is not deformed while the adsorption effect of the adsorption tool is guaranteed.
2) And (3) a flexible battery welding process. The flexible battery is different from the traditional rigid battery in thickness, substrate materials and the like, so that the welding mode of the traditional rigid battery is not suitable for the flexible battery. Aiming at the situation, different welding process schemes are developed aiming at the flexible battery design, and a matched welding process mode is finally obtained through adjusting the welding process and the sample for multiple times.
3) A flexible CIC leakage insulation protection process. Because the thicknesses of the flexible battery and the diode are too thin, the electric leakage occurs in the short-distance contact of the conductive interconnection sheet, the bypass diode and the battery after the traditional electric connection. And aiming at the situation, a proper insulation protection process is designed and researched for the part of the flexible CIC with electric leakage, so that the reliability of the product is ensured.
4) And (5) glass cover plate pasting and positioning process. Traditional rigidity CIC is thicker with the glass cover plate, uses the spud technology can realize the accurate location of cover plate, but very thin and fragile to flexible CIC's glass cover plate, and the spud very easily leads to the fact the cover plate damaged with the contact of glass cover plate. And designing and developing a tool for the flexible cover plate for the situation, and realizing flexible positioning of the cover plate by a new process method.
5) And (3) fixing the process in the flexible CIC curing process. The traditional rigid battery can be kept stand and dried after being pasted with the cover plate, but the glass cover plate is easy to deform due to natural curling of the flexible CIC. And for the situation, the fixing process is designed and researched to ensure that the CIC is not damaged and deformed while the lamination fixing is ensured.
A front view of a flexible CIC cell in an embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 1, a front view of the flexible CIC cell in this embodiment is shown in fig. 1, a back view is shown in fig. 3, and cross-sectional views are shown in fig. 2 (at AA 1) and fig. 4 (at BB 1); the solar cell comprises a solar cell 101, wherein a flexible glass cover sheet 102 is arranged on a first surface of the solar cell 101;
a bypass diode 103 is provided on the second surface of the solar cell 101;
the flexible interconnection sheet 104 is provided with a non-welding area and a welding area;
the bypass diode 103 and the solar cell 101 are connected (corresponding to a bonding region) by a flexible interconnection sheet 104;
an insulating layer 105 (corresponding to a non-soldering region) is also provided between the solar cell 101 and the flexible interconnection sheet 104;
the solar cell 101 is connected with the flexible glass cover sheet 102 through a cover sheet glue layer 106;
the flexible interconnection sheet 104 is divided into a solar cell upper electrode interconnection sheet as shown in fig. 5 and a flexible bypass diode lower electrode interconnection sheet as shown in fig. 6;
the bypass diode 103 is constructed as shown in fig. 7, with an electrode 202 of the flexible bypass diode and an edge 201 of the flexible bypass diode.
Example 1
The embodiment is a flexible CIC battery and a preparation method thereof.
The front view of the flexible CIC cell in the present embodiment is shown in fig. 1, the back view is shown in fig. 3, and the cross-sectional views are shown in fig. 2 (AA 1) and fig. 4 (BB 1); the solar cell comprises a solar cell 101, wherein a flexible glass cover sheet 102 is arranged on a first surface of the solar cell 101;
a bypass diode 103 is provided on the second surface of the solar cell 101;
the flexible interconnection sheet 104 is provided with a non-welding area and a welding area;
the bypass diode 103 and the solar cell 101 are connected (corresponding to a bonding region) by a flexible interconnection sheet 104;
an insulating layer 105 (corresponding to a non-soldering region) is also provided between the solar cell 101 and the flexible interconnection sheet 104;
the solar cell 101 is connected with the flexible glass cover sheet 102 through a cover sheet glue layer 106;
the flexible interconnection sheet 104 is divided into a solar cell upper electrode interconnection sheet as shown in fig. 5 and a flexible bypass diode lower electrode interconnection sheet as shown in fig. 6;
the bypass diode 103 is constructed as shown in fig. 7, with an electrode 202 of the flexible bypass diode and an edge 201 of the flexible bypass diode.
The thickness of the flexible CIC battery is 150 mu m;
the solar cell is a flexible three-junction gallium arsenide cell;
the thickness of the solar cell 101 is 50 μm;
the thickness of the cover adhesive layer 106 is 40 μm;
the thickness of the flexible cover glass 102 is 60 μm;
the solar cell upper electrode interconnection sheet is a square silver interconnection sheet, and the thickness of the square silver interconnection sheet is 25 mu m;
the lower electrode interconnection sheet of the flexible bypass diode is a square silver interconnection sheet with the thickness of 25 μm.
The bending radius of the flexible glass cover plate with the thickness of 60 mu m can reach 50 mm.
The preparation method of the flexible CIC cell in the embodiment includes the following steps:
s1, welding the solar cell, the flexible bypass diode and the flexible interconnection sheet by adopting a fusion welding resisting process; manufacturing a first assembly;
s2, carrying out insulation protection treatment on the first component in the step S1; manufacturing a second component;
and S3, bonding the flexible glass cover sheet and the second component in the step S2 to obtain the flexible CIC battery.
The fusion welding resisting process in the step S1 comprises the following process parameters:
the welding electrode is as follows: tungsten molybdenum copper metal material;
the welding power is as follows: 100W;
the welding voltage is: 1V;
the welding current is as follows: 150A
The welding pressure is as follows: 5N;
the solder is as follows: silver;
the insulation protection process in step S2 includes the steps of: the surfaces of the flexible bypass diode 103 and the flexible interconnection sheet 104 are coated with an insulating paste 105.
The attaching in step S3 includes the steps of: and coating a cover glass glue layer 106 on the surface of the second assembly, then placing the flexible glass 102 on the surface of the cover glass glue layer 106, and curing.
The surface density of the flexible CIC battery manufactured by the embodiment is only 535g/m 2 Compared with the traditional lamination scheme 1260g/m of the solar cell module 2 The surface density is reduced by more than 50%; meanwhile, compared with a rigid array, the power of the flexible CIC battery array with the same area is increased by 5%; compared with a rigid array, the power of the flexible CIC battery array with the same weight is increased by more than 100%; compared with a rigid array, the power of the flexible CIC battery array with the same volume is increased by more than 150%.
In conclusion, the invention realizes the full flexibility of the solar cell array, so that the solar cell array has smaller furled volume and lighter weight, has higher power on satellites with the same volume and weight, carries more effective loads, and saves the cost and the launching expense of the satellites.
Example 2
The embodiment is a flexible CIC battery and a preparation method (conductive adhesive electrical connection mode) thereof.
The front view of the flexible CIC battery in the embodiment is shown in figure 1, the back view is shown in figure 2, and the sectional view is shown in figure 3; the solar cell comprises a solar cell 101, wherein a flexible glass cover sheet 102 is arranged on a first surface of the solar cell 101;
a bypass diode 103 is arranged on the second surface of the solar cell 101;
the flexible interconnection sheet 104 is provided with a non-welding area and a welding area;
the bypass diode 103 and the solar cell 101 are connected (corresponding to a bonding region) by a flexible interconnection sheet 104;
an insulating layer 105 (corresponding to a non-soldering region) is further provided between the solar cell 101 and the flexible interconnection sheet 104;
the solar cell 101 is connected with the flexible glass cover sheet 102 through a cover sheet glue layer 106;
the flexible interconnection sheet 104 is divided into a solar cell upper electrode interconnection sheet as shown in fig. 5 and a flexible bypass diode lower electrode interconnection sheet as shown in fig. 6;
the bypass diode 103 is structured as shown in fig. 7, and is provided with an electrode 202 of the flexible bypass diode and an edge 201 of the flexible bypass diode.
The solar cell is a flexible three-junction gallium arsenide cell;
the thickness of the solar cell 101 is 50 μm;
the thickness of the cover glue layer 106 is 40 μm;
the thickness of the flexible cover glass 102 is 60 μm;
the solar cell upper electrode interconnection sheet is a square silver interconnection sheet, and the thickness of the square silver interconnection sheet is 25 mu m;
the lower electrode interconnection sheet of the flexible bypass diode is a square silver interconnection sheet with the thickness of 25 μm.
The 60 μm flexible glass cover sheet has a bending radius of up to 50 mm.
The preparation method of the flexible CIC battery in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, adopting a conductive adhesive bonding process to electrically connect the solar cell, the flexible bypass diode and the flexible interconnection sheet; manufacturing a first component;
s2, carrying out insulation protection treatment on the first component in the step S1; preparing a second component;
and S3, attaching the flexible glass cover sheet to the second component in the step S2 to obtain the flexible CIC battery.
In the step S1, the conductive adhesive bonding process, which uses conductive adhesive also called conductive silver paste, is mainly composed of a resin matrix, conductive particles, a dispersing additive, an auxiliary agent, and the like, and the formula is as follows:
the insulation protection process in step S2 includes the steps of: the surfaces of the flexible bypass diode 103 and the flexible interconnection sheet 104 are coated with an insulating paste 105.
The attaching in step S3 includes the steps of: and coating a cover glass glue layer 106 on the surface of the second assembly, then placing the flexible glass 102 on the surface of the cover glass glue layer 106, and curing.
The surface density of the flexible CIC battery manufactured by the embodiment is only 535g/m 2 Compared with the lamination scheme of the traditional solar cell module of 1260g/m 2 The surface density is reduced by more than 50%; meanwhile, compared with a rigid array, the power of the flexible CIC battery array with the same area is increased by 5%; compared with a rigid array, the power of the flexible CIC battery array with the same weight is increased by more than 100%; compared with a rigid array, the power of the flexible CIC battery array with the same volume is increased by more than 150%.
Compared with a resistance welding process, the conductive adhesive bonding process for preparing the flexible CIC has the advantages of low manufacturing process difficulty, high production efficiency, low production cost and the like, but the power generation power of the flexible CIC produced by the conductive adhesive bonding process is 1-2% lower, and the reliability is relatively lower. Therefore, the conductive adhesive bonding process product has great application advantages in the fields of near space aviation unmanned aerial vehicles and the like, but has problems in the application of aerospace satellite power systems due to low reliability.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (11)
1. A flexible CIC cell, characterized in that: the solar cell comprises a flexible solar cell, wherein a first surface and a second surface are oppositely arranged on the flexible solar cell;
a flexible glass cover sheet is arranged on the first surface of the flexible solar cell;
a flexible bypass diode is arranged on the second surface of the flexible solar cell;
the flexible bypass diode and the flexible solar cell are connected through a flexible interconnection sheet;
the thickness of the flexible CIC battery is 100-300 mu m;
the flexible bypass diode is one of a square flexible bypass diode and a round flexible bypass diode;
the thickness of the flexible solar cell is 30-90 μm;
the thickness of the flexible glass cover plate is 50-70 μm;
the flexible interconnection sheet has a thickness of 20 to 40 μm.
2. A flexible CIC cell according to claim 1, characterised in that: the flexible solar cell is one of a flexible crystalline silicon solar cell, a flexible gallium arsenide solar cell, a flexible copper indium gallium selenide thin-film solar cell and a flexible amorphous silicon thin-film solar cell.
3. A flexible CIC cell according to claim 1, wherein: the flexible interconnection sheet is a metal interconnection sheet.
4. A flexible CIC cell according to claim 3, wherein: the metal interconnection sheet is at least one of a gold interconnection sheet and a silver interconnection sheet.
5. A method of manufacturing a flexible CIC cell according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out insulation protection treatment on the flexible solar cell, the flexible bypass diode and the flexible interconnection sheet; manufacturing a first component;
s2, welding the first component in the step S1 by adopting a melt resistance welding process; manufacturing a second component;
and S3, bonding the flexible glass cover sheet and the second component in the step S2 to obtain the flexible CIC battery.
6. The method of making a flexible CIC cell of claim 5, wherein: the surface of the flexible interconnection sheet is provided with a welding area and a non-welding area.
7. The method of making a flexible CIC cell of claim 5, wherein: the insulation protection process in step S1 includes the steps of: performing insulation protection treatment on the edge of the first surface of the flexible solar cell and a part of non-welding area of the flexible interconnection sheet;
the contact edge area of the lower electrode of the flexible solar cell and the flexible bypass diode is subjected to insulation protection treatment;
and the lower electrode of the flexible bypass diode and part of the non-welding area of the flexible interconnection sheet are subjected to insulation protection treatment.
8. The method of making a flexible CIC cell of claim 7, wherein: and the insulation protection treatment is coating of insulation glue.
9. The method of making a flexible CIC cell of claim 5, wherein: the fusion-proof welding process in the step S2 comprises the following process parameters:
the welding electrode is as follows: tungsten molybdenum copper metal material;
the welding power is as follows: 50W-100W;
the welding voltage is: 0.5V-1V;
the welding current is as follows: 100A-200A;
the welding pressure is as follows: 3N-6N;
the solder is as follows: silver.
10. The method of making a flexible CIC cell of claim 5, wherein: the attaching in step S3 includes the steps of: and coating a glue layer on the surface of the second assembly, then placing the flexible glass cover plate on the surface of the glue layer, and curing.
11. Use of a flexible CIC cell according to any of claims 1 to 4 for the manufacture of a spacecraft.
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