CN114048552B - Rotor wing surface large water drop mass flow calculation method considering secondary impact and terminal - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rotor wing surface large water drop mass flow calculation method considering secondary impact and a terminal, belonging to the technical field of numerical simulation, wherein the method comprises the following steps: calculating the mass flow of the secondary large water drops on the surface of the rotor under the condition that the water drops impact the rotor secondarily
(ii) a According to the mass flow of the secondary large water drops
Combined with the mass flow of large water drops on the surface of the rotor under the condition of no large water drop splashingṁ temp And mass loss rate of water drops on rotor surface under condition of large water drop splashingf m Calculating the final large drop mass on the rotor surfaceFlow rateṁ. In the invention, in the calculation of the mass flow of the large water drops on the surface of the rotor wing, the final mass flow change of the large water drops caused by the secondary impact of the splashed supercooled large water drops on the surface of the rotor wing is considered, so that more accurate final mass flow calculation of the large water drops is realized, the numerical simulation of the icing of the rotor wing is closer to the physical reality, the numerical simulation precision of the icing of the rotor wing is improved, and the flight safety of an aircraft is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical simulation, in particular to a rotor wing surface large water drop mass flow calculation method considering secondary impact and a terminal.
Background
The helicopter is widely applied to military operations, civil rescue and other aspects, and along with the wider field expansion of the use of the helicopter, the helicopter is required to have all-weather flight capability, and the probability of the helicopter encountering the dangerous condition of rotor icing is increased. The rotor freezes can change the rotor appearance, increase rotor weight, reduce rotor rotation rate, leads to rotor lift to descend, and the freezing that drops on the rotor simultaneously probably causes the striking harm to organism, weapon system, electronic equipment etc. increases flight uncertainty. Therefore, the research on rotor icing is of great significance to the improvement of flight safety and flight efficiency.
The range of the flight height of the helicopter is wide, freezing weather conditions such as freezing rain and frigid hair rain often occur, and the particle size of water drops in the air is Large and is called super-cooled Large water drops (SLD, the average particle size is larger than 50 μm). Compared with small water drops, supercooled large water drops widely exist in cloud mist, have poor pneumatic following performance and strong dynamic characteristics, cause more complex icing process and cause more serious damage, and increase the difficulty of SLD (scale-reduction potential) icing numerical value prediction and test evaluation.
The mass flow of water drops on the surface of the blade is a key intermediate quantity of icing calculation, and the accurate calculation of the mass flow directly influences the prediction accuracy of the rotor icing shape. The icing of the rotor wing is different from the icing of the fixed wing, and power needs to be given in the test, so that the test is limited too much and is more difficult, and numerical simulation becomes a primary means for predicting the mass flow of water drops on the surface of the rotor wing. In the rotor flow field, receive the rotatory influence of paddle, rotatory flow characteristic of washing down will appear in big water droplet, and big water droplet strikes in the paddle leading edge, can take place to splash in most times, leads to the reduction of paddle water droplet mass flow. At present, the study on the splashing characteristic of the large water drops on the surface of the rotor is less, and the processing mode of the large water drop mass flow is not clear, so that the study on the calculation method of the large water drop mass flow on the surface of the rotor needs to be further carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the mass flow of large water drops on the surface of a rotor wing cannot be accurately calculated in the prior art, and provides a method and a terminal for calculating the mass flow of the large water drops on the surface of the rotor wing by considering secondary impact.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the rotor wing surface large water drop mass flow calculation method considering the secondary impact specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the mass flow of the secondary large water drops on the surface of the rotor under the condition that the water drops impact the rotor secondarily
；
According to the mass flow of the secondary large water drops
Combined with the mass flow of large water drops on the surface of the rotor under the condition of no large water drop splashingṁ temp And mass loss rate of water drops on rotor surface under condition of large water drop splashingf m Calculating the final large drop mass flow on the rotor surfaceṁ。
In one example, the calculation of the second time of the water drop on the rotor surface under the condition that the water drop impacts the rotor secondarilyMass flow rate
The method comprises the following substeps:
calculating the mass flow total of secondary large water drops on the surface of the rotor under the condition that the water drops impact the rotor secondarilyṁ imp ；
Calculating the mass flow total of the primary large water drops entering the flow fieldṁ in ；
Calculating the proportion of the mass flow total of the secondary large water drops to the mass flow total of the primary large water dropsλ；
According to the ratio of lambda to the mass flow of large water dropsṁ temp Calculating the mass flow of the secondary large water drop
。
In one example, the secondary large drop mass flow totalṁ imp The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein (A), (B), (C), (D), (C), (B), (C)x,y,z) Grid points representing a calculated profile surface of the rotor; ω represents the set of grid points of the rotor's calculated profile surface.
In one example, the primary large drop mass flow totalṁ in The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein,nrepresenting the blade rotational speed;rrepresenting the radius of the paddle disk;
representing the angle between the water droplet and the impact surface.
In one example, the secondary large droplet mass flowMeasurement of
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein (A), (B), (C), (D), (C), (B), (C)x,y,z) Representing grid points of the calculated profile surface of the rotor.
In one example, the final large drop mass flow rateṁThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein (A), (B), (C), (D), (C), (B), (C)x,y,z) Grid points representing a calculated profile surface of the rotor;λthe ratio of the total mass flow of the secondary large water drops to the total mass flow of the primary large water drops is shown.
In one example, the method further comprises the steps of:
calculating the mass flow of large water drops on the surface of the rotor under the condition of no splashingṁ temp ；
Calculating the mass loss rate of water drops on the surface of the rotor wing under the splashing conditionf m 。
In one example, the calculation calculates the mass flow of large water droplets on the rotor surface without splashingṁ temp The method comprises the following substeps:
generating rotor calculation profilesΓGrid ofΩ；
Computational gridΩThe air flow field information of (a);
calculating water drop flow field information according to the air flow field information;
according to a gridΩAnd calculating the mass flow of the big water drop according to the water drop flow field informationṁ temp 。
In one example, the calculation calculates a mass loss rate of water droplets on the surface of the rotor under splash conditionsf m IncludedThe following substeps:
calculating impact parameters of water drops impacting rotor surfaceK；
Based on the minimum mass loss rate, according to the impact parametersKCalculating the mass loss rate according to the water drop flow field informationf m 。
It should be further noted that the technical features corresponding to the above examples can be combined with each other or replaced to form a new technical solution.
The present invention also includes a storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions operable to perform the steps of the method for calculating a mass flow of large water droplets on a rotor surface that accounts for secondary impacts formed in accordance with any one or more of the above-described example compositions.
The invention also includes a terminal comprising a memory having stored thereon computer instructions executable on the processor, and a processor that when executed performs the steps of the method of calculating a mass flow of large water droplets from a rotor surface that accounts for secondary impacts formed by any one or more of the example compositions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the invention, in the calculation of the mass flow of the large water drops on the surface of the rotor wing, the final mass flow change of the large water drops caused by the secondary impact of the splashed supercooled large water drops on the surface of the rotor wing is considered, so that more accurate final mass flow calculation of the large water drops is realized, the numerical simulation of the icing of the rotor wing is closer to the physical reality, the numerical simulation precision of the icing of the rotor wing is improved, and the flight safety of an aircraft is ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method in an example of the invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that directions or positional relationships indicated by "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like are directions or positional relationships described based on the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention aims to solve the problems that the mass flow change of large water drops caused by the secondary impact of water drops on the surface of a rotor wing is not considered in the prior art, so that the final mass flow calculation accuracy of the large water drops on the surface of the rotor wing is not high, the icing numerical simulation precision of the rotor wing is low, and accurate theoretical support cannot be provided for the safe flight of an aircraft.
In one example, a method for calculating the mass flow of large water drops on the surface of a rotor by considering secondary impact, as shown in fig. 1, specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: calculating the mass flow of the secondary large water drops on the surface of the rotor under the condition that the water drops impact the rotor secondarily
(ii) a Wherein the mass flow rate of large water droplets represents the mass of large water droplets passing through the rotor surface per unit area per unit time. In the present application, the large water droplets (water droplets) are specifically supercooled large water droplets SLD having a particle size of more than 50 μm. Further, the water droplet secondary impact rotor specifically is: after water drops collide with the surface of the rotor wing and splash, water drops on the upper wing surface of the rotor wing blade enter a rotary flow field and collide with the rotor blade again, secondary water drops are collected on the rotor wing blade, and the final mass flow of the large water drops on the surface of the rotor wing can be influenced by the mass flow (secondary mass flow of the large water drops) of the large water drops entering the flow fieldṁ。
S2: according to the mass flow of the secondary large water drops
Combined with the mass flow of large water drops on the surface of the rotor under the condition of no large water drop splashingṁ temp And mass loss rate of water drops on rotor surface under condition of large water drop splashingf m Calculating the final large drop mass flow on the rotor surfaceṁ. The mass loss refers to a mass loss caused by splashing of large supercooled water droplets, and correspondingly, the mass loss rate represents a ratio of a water droplet loss amount to a collection amount on the surface of the rotor under a splashing condition.
This example has considered the final big water droplet mass flow change that splashes water droplet secondary striking rotor surface and arouse in the big water droplet mass flow on rotor surface calculates to this realizes more accurate final big water droplet mass flow and calculates, makes the frozen numerical simulation of rotor more press close to the physics reality, has improved the frozen numerical simulation precision of rotor, guarantees the flight safety of aircraft with this.
In one example, the mass flow of the second largest water droplet on the rotor surface is calculated under the condition that the water droplet impacts the rotor secondarily
The method comprises the following substeps:
s11: calculating the total mass flow of the primary large water drops on the surface of the rotorṁ imp At the moment, no large water drops splash on the surface of the rotor wing;
s12: calculating the mass flow total of the primary large water drops entering the flow fieldṁ in (ii) a Wherein the total mass flow of the primary large water dropsṁ in Namely the mass flow of the water drops entering the flow field for the first time.
S13: calculating the proportion of the mass flow total of the secondary large water drops to the mass flow total of the primary large water dropsλ；
S14: according to the ratio of lambda to the mass flow of large water dropsṁ temp Calculating the mass flow of the secondary large water drop
。
In one example, the secondary large drop mass flow totalṁ imp The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein (A), (B), (C), (D), (C), (B), (C)x,y,z) Representing calculated profile of rotorΓA grid point of the surface; omega denotes the calculated profile of the rotorΓA set of grid points of the surface.
In one example, the total mass flow of one large dropṁ in The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein,nrepresenting the blade rotational speed;rrepresenting the radius of the paddle disk;
representing the angle between the water droplet and the impact surface.
In one example, the ratioλThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
in one example, the secondary large drop mass flow rate
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
the mass flow of water droplets is now considered to be comparable to the collection efficiency at the first impact.
In one example, the final large drop mass flowṁThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
the final large drop mass flow rate in this exampleṁWith large water drop mass flowṁ temp Mass loss ratef m Mass flow of secondary large water drop
Correlation, i.e. final large drop mass flowṁThe mass flow of the large water drops splashed out of the surface of the rotor wing is deducted by the mass flow of the large water drops without considering the splashing condition, and then the mass flow of the secondary large water drops is added.
In an example, the method further comprises the steps of:
s01: calculating the mass flow of large water drops on the surface of the rotor under the condition of no splashingṁ temp (ii) a Wherein, the big water droplet of supercooling can not splash on the surface of the rotor wing after impacting without splashing.
S02: calculating the mass loss rate of water drops on the surface of the rotor wing under the splashing conditionf m . Wherein splashing is the splashing that occurs after a water droplet hits the rotor, leading to a certain water droplet quality loss.
In one example, the mass flow of large water droplets on the rotor surface without splashing is calculatedṁ temp The method comprises the following substeps:
s011: generating rotor calculation profilesΓGrid ofΩ(ii) a Wherein the rotor calculates the profileΓI.e. vector models, meshes of rotorsΩAnd the vector model is a basic calculation composition unit containing the vector model and the calculation domain. In particular, a gridΩThe generation specifically comprises: using mesh generation software to compute the shapeΓAs inputs, the computational topology and the grid Ω are generated. The grid generation software includes Gridgen, Pointwise, GridStar, etc., and the GridStar grid generation software used in this embodiment generates the calculation shapeΓGrid omega.
S012: computational gridΩThe air flow field information of (a); specifically, air flow field calculation software or program is employed to calculate the profileΓGrid ofΩAnd setting information such as an air flow field calculation method, boundary conditions, calculation conditions and the like as input, and calculating to obtain air flow field information P corresponding to the grids.
S013: calculating water drop flow field information according to the air flow field information; specifically, water drop flow field calculation software or program is adopted, the air flow field P is used as input, information such as a water drop flow field calculation method, boundary conditions and calculation conditions is set, and the shape is calculatedΓThe surface of the grid is set as a wall suction boundary condition, and finally, a grid is obtained through calculationΩRecording the corresponding water drop flow field information as W; more specifically, the information on the water drop flow field includes the average particle size of the water drop and waterDrop density, normal velocity at the drop airfoil, drop surface tension coefficient, drop dynamic viscosity, drop incidence frequency, calculated profileΓWater content, water droplet velocity, incoming flow water content, far field water droplet velocity, etc.
S014: according to a gridΩAnd calculating the mass flow of the big water drop according to the water drop flow field informationṁ temp . In particular, large drop mass flowṁ temp Can be calculated by calculating the profileΓSurface grid points (x,y,z) Water droplet volume fraction ofαAnd velocityvThe calculation is obtained, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein,ρwhich is the density of the water droplets,
is in the shape ofΓNormal to the surface.
In one example, the mass loss rate of water droplets on the rotor surface under splash conditions is calculatedf m The method comprises the following substeps:
s021: calculating impact parameters of water drops impacting rotor surfaceK(ii) a Specifically, given the spatter criterion, the impact parameterKThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein,ρrepresents the water drop density;drepresents an average particle diameter of water droplets;vrepresents the normal velocity at the water droplet airfoil;σrepresents the surface tension coefficient of water drops;μrepresents the dynamic viscosity of water drops;θrepresenting the angle between the water droplet and the collision surface;
which represents the frequency of incidence of the water droplets,
。
s021: based on the minimum mass loss rate, according to the impact parametersKCalculating the mass loss rate according to the water drop flow field informationf m . In this example, the minimum mass loss rate is preferably 0.2, and the calculation formula of the mass loss rate is:
further, the minimum mass loss rate is a constant and may also be a function of the incoming flow conditions with respect to average particle size, angle of incidence, impact velocity, etc., in this case:
a=a
1·
(d-a
2
)
2
+a
3
wherein,arepresents the minimum mass loss rate;a 1 ,a 2 ,a 3 coefficients representing positive real numbers;dthe average particle size of water droplets is shown. As a preference, it is preferred that,a 1 ＝9.92×10-6；a 2 =50；a 3 =0.12。
the above examples are combined to obtain the preferred example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, which specifically includes the following steps:
s1': calculating the mass flow of large water drops on the surface of the rotor under the condition of no splashingṁ temp ；
S2': calculating the mass loss rate of water drops on the surface of the rotor wing under the splashing conditionf m ；
S3': calculating the mass flow of the secondary large water drops on the surface of the rotor under the condition that the water drops impact the rotor secondarily
；
S4': according to the mass flow of the secondary large water drops
Combined with the mass flow of large water drops on the surface of the rotor under the condition of no large water drop splashingṁ temp And mass loss rate of water drops on rotor surface under condition of large water drop splashingf m Calculating the final large drop mass flow on the rotor surfaceṁ。
The invention provides a rotor wing surface large water drop mass flow calculation method considering secondary impact under a large water drop splashing condition. After a rotor wing air flow field and a rotor wing water drop flow field are solved, water drop impact and collection information on the surface of a blade is obtained, then the water drop mass loss rate caused by splashing is calculated based on a splashing judgment criterion, a secondary impact and collection amount calculation method of the splashed water drops is further provided, and finally a rotor wing surface water drop mass flow calculation result is obtained. Through introducing the thought of secondary striking to make the computational process of rotor big water droplet collection rate more close to physics reality, the computational result is more accurate.
The present embodiment provides a storage medium, which has the same inventive concept as the rotor surface large water droplet mass flow rate calculation method considering secondary impact formed by any one or a combination of the above examples, and on which computer instructions are stored, and the computer instructions are executed when executed to perform the steps of the rotor surface large water droplet mass flow rate calculation method considering secondary impact formed by any one or a combination of the above examples.
Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present embodiment or parts of the technical solution may be essentially implemented in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
The present embodiment also provides a terminal, which has the same inventive concept as the rotor surface large water droplet mass flow calculation method considering secondary impact formed by any one or more of the above examples in combination, and includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores computer instructions executable on the processor, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the steps of the rotor surface large water droplet mass flow calculation method considering secondary impact formed by any one or more of the above examples in combination. The processor may be a single or multi-core central processing unit or a specific integrated circuit, or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the present invention.
Each functional unit in the embodiments provided by the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
The above detailed description is for the purpose of describing the invention in detail, and it should not be construed that the detailed description is limited to the description, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The rotor wing surface large water drop mass flow calculation method considering the secondary impact is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
calculating the mass flow of the secondary large water drops on the surface of the rotor under the condition that the water drops impact the rotor secondarily
；
The mass flow of the secondary large water drops
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
according to the mass flow of the secondary large water drops
Combined with the mass flow of large water drops on the surface of the rotor under the condition of no large water drop splashingṁ temp And mass loss rate of water drops on rotor surface under condition of large water drop splashingf m Calculating the final large drop mass flow on the rotor surfaceṁ；
The final mass flow of large water dropletsṁThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein (A), (B), (C), (D), (C), (B), (C)x,y,z) Grid points representing a calculated profile surface of the rotor;λthe ratio of the total mass flow of the secondary large water drops to the total mass flow of the primary large water drops is shown.
2. The rotor surface large water droplet mass flow calculation method considering secondary impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: calculate the secondary mass flow of big water droplet on rotor surface under the water droplet secondary striking rotor condition
The method comprises the following substeps:
calculating the mass flow total of secondary large water drops on the surface of the rotor under the condition that the water drops impact the rotor secondarilyṁ imp ；
Calculating the mass flow total of the primary large water drops entering the flow fieldṁ in ；
Calculating secondary mass flow of large water dropsRatio of total amount to total mass flow of large water dropsλ；
According to the ratio of lambda to the mass flow of large water dropsṁ temp Calculating the mass flow of the secondary large water drop
。
3. The rotor surface large water drop mass flow calculation method considering secondary impact according to claim 2, characterized in that: the total mass flow of the secondary large water dropsṁ imp The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
where ω represents the set of grid points of the rotor's calculated profile surface.
4. The rotor surface large water drop mass flow calculation method considering secondary impact according to claim 2, characterized in that: the total mass flow of the primary large water dropsṁ in The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein,nrepresenting the blade rotational speed;rrepresenting the radius of the paddle disk;
representing the angle between the water droplet and the impact surface.
5. The rotor surface large water droplet mass flow calculation method considering secondary impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method further comprises the steps of:
calculating the strip without large water drop splashLarge water drop mass flow on the surface of the lower rotorṁ temp ；
Calculating the mass loss rate of water drops on the surface of the rotor wing under the splashing conditionf m 。
6. The rotor surface large water droplet mass flow calculation method considering secondary impact according to claim 5, characterized in that: calculating the mass flow of the large water drops on the surface of the rotor wing under the condition that the large water drops do not splashṁ temp The method comprises the following substeps:
generating rotor calculation profilesΓGrid ofΩ；
Computational gridΩThe air flow field information of (a);
calculating water drop flow field information according to the air flow field information;
according to a gridΩAnd calculating the mass flow of the big water drop according to the water drop flow field informationṁ temp 。
7. The rotor surface large water droplet mass flow calculation method considering secondary impact according to claim 6, characterized in that: calculating the mass loss rate of water drops on the surface of the rotor wing under the splashing conditionf m The method comprises the following substeps:
calculating impact parameters of water drops impacting rotor surfaceK；
Based on the minimum mass loss rate, according to the impact parametersKCalculating the mass loss rate according to the water drop flow field informationf m 。
8. A terminal comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon computer instructions executable on the processor, the terminal comprising: the processor, when executing the computer instructions, performs the steps of the method of calculating the mass flow of large water droplets on the surface of a rotor taking into account secondary impacts as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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