CN1140473C - Treatment of industrial and domestic waste water as ecological resource - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a waste water treatment method. The present invention comprises the technologic steps that a natural composite material water treatment agent is added into waste water; the waste water is pressurized, and oxygen is added into the waste water; the waste water is coagulated and flocculated; the waste water is biologically degraded in an aerobic aeration pool; sludge is dewatered; the dewatered sludge is separated to recover the natural composite material water treatment agent. The present invention can not only reduce the running cost of waste water treatment and reduce the nonrecurring investment of waste water treatment equipment but also has high removal rate of various pollutants in the waste water, does not cause secondary pollution to the treatment of the sludge and makes the sludge converted into a resource and utilized; the natural composite material water treatment agent can be recovered. Therefore, the present invention is very applicable to the purification treatment of industrial sewage and domestic wastewater.

Description

The ecological resources waste water treatment process

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of ecological resources waste water treatment process.

Background technology

In existing trade effluent and sanitary wastewater processing, the technology that is suitable for mainly is two big classes: the firstth, and the biochemical process that has been widely used, its principal feature is by the water pollutant in the microbiological deterioration waste water, reaches the purpose of administering sewage whereby; The secondth, the physico-chemical process of being applied by some countries and regions and industry, it mainly handles mechanism is by the certain physical condition, adds pharmaceutical chemicals, makes waste water become clean water, it mainly act as chemical physical action.

The technical process that physico-chemical process is handled waste water is waste water → equalizing tank → adding coagulating agent → coagulation agitated pool → flocculation agitated pool → settling pond → water outlet, simultaneously the mud in the settling pond is dewatered to sludge thickener.The construction investment of this treatment process is few, floor space is little, equipment is simple, easy to operate; But the consumption of coagulating agent is higher, reaches 0.08%-0.2%, and general 0.05%-0.1% is owing to be subjected to the restriction of coagulating agent performance, CODcr and BOD ₅Clearance only about 60%, NH ₃Clearance only about 40%, water outlet does not often reach (GB8978-1996) town B-grade sewage treatment plant water outlet primary standard of country's " integrated wastewater discharge standard ", needs a large amount of medicine expenses to reach 0.4-0.5 unit/m when handling mud ³, the working cost height, and mud is difficult, has secondary pollution problem.

Biochemical processing method commonly used has activated sludge process, oxidation ditch process, biological absorption and oxidation style etc.

The Activated Sludge Process flow process is waste water → equalizing tank → Aerobic Pond → settling pond → water outlet, with the mud in the settling pond is dewatered to sludge thickener.Property mud method design variable and reference value are as follows: BOD loading (N ₅) 0.2～0.6kg BOD ₅/ (kg MLSS.d), volumetric loading (Nv) 0.8～2.0kg BOD ₅/ (m ³.d), sludge age (biosolids mean residence time): 5～15d; Mixed liquor suspended solid, MLSS (MLSS): 3000～6000mg/L: mixed liquor volatile suspended solid, MLVSS (MLVSS) 2400～4800mg/L: return sludge ratio (R); 25%～100%; Aeration time (t) 3～5h; BOD ₅Clearance 85%～90%.From Activated Sludge Process flow process and design variable as can be seen, this method treatment process maturation, BOD ₅The clearance height; But the residence time is long, and floor space is big, and sludge quantity is big, needs to reflux, and sludge bulking easily takes place, and energy consumption is higher, and anti impulsion load is poor, is difficult for operational administrative etc.

The process flow sheet of oxidation ditch process is sewage → pump well → oxidation ditch → settling pond → water outlet, with the mud in the settling pond is dewatered.The oxidation ditch process design variable is as follows: BOD loading (N ₅): 0.03～0.05kgBOD ₅/ (kg MLSS.d), volumetric loading (Nv) 0.1～0.2kg BOD ₅/ (m ³.d), mixed liquor suspended solid, MLSS (MLSS): 3000～4000mg/L, sludge age (biosolids mean residence time) is 15～30d, return sludge ratio (R): 50%～150%, I hydraulic detention time (t): 8～36h, BOD ₅Clearance 75%～90%.From oxidation ditch process technical process and design variable as can be seen, this treatment process maturation, BOD ₅The clearance height can be realized the deoxidation denitrification, and the clearance of nitrogen is higher, and anti impulsion load is bigger, can realize that the mud that does not have facility refluxes, and is difficult for taking place sludge bulking; But the residence time is long, and floor space is big, and energy consumption is more high.

The technical process of biological absorption and oxidation style is sewage → grid → sedimentation basin → adsorption tank → secondary sedimentation basins → water outlet, with the mud in the secondary sedimentation basins is carried out processed.This method design variable is as follows: BOD loading (N ₅): 0.2～0.6kg BOD ₅/ (kgMLSS.d), volumetric loading (Nv) 1.0～1.2kg BOD ₅/ (m ³.d), mixed liquor suspended solid, MLSS (MLSS): 1000～3000mg/L, mud regenerated reactor 4000～10000mg/L; Mixed liquor volatile suspended solid, MLVSS concentration (MLVSS), adsorption tank 800～2400mg/L, mud regenerated reactor 3200～8000mg/L, sludge age (biosolids mean residence time) is 5～15d, reaction times: adsorption tank 0.5h～1.0h: mud regenerated reactor 3h～6h, return sludge ratio (R): 25%～100%, BOD ₅Clearance 85%～90%.From its technical process and design variable as can be seen, this method treatment process maturation, mud is difficult for expanding, and anti impulsion load is than the activated sludge process height; Shortcoming is that the A section is very low to the clearance of nitrogen, and floor space is big, and energy consumption is higher, structures are many, long flow path, need to reflux, sludge quantity is big, head loss is big, be difficult for operational administrative etc.

Prior art mesophytization method is taken up an area of greatly in a word, and bacterium is cultivated and complex management, and disposable construction investment is big, the working cost height, power consumption is high, and mud also difficult, have a secondary pollution problem.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a kind of ecological resources waste water treatment process, can not only reduce the running cost of waste water treatment, reduce the one-time investment of sewage treatment equipment, and to all contaminations clearance height in the waste water, processing to mud does not cause secondary pollution, makes mud become resource and is used.

For achieving the above object, the present invention comprises following processing step successively:

A, adding natural composite material water conditioner: the water sucking mouth at water pump adds the natural composite material water conditioner, and waste water and natural composite material water conditioner are pumped together;

B, pressurization oxygenation are handled: the waste water that pumps enters the pressurization oxygenating device, and elder generation is mixed at liquid gas mixing section liquid gas after nozzle forms jet then in equipment, and pressure dissolving chamber pressure dissolved oxygen forms jet through nozzle again, repeats repeatedly;

Reflocculation behind c, the coagulation: the waste water after the pressurization oxygenation is first through the abundant coagulation of coagulating chamber in coagulation-flocculation equipment, then in first and second circular flocculation chamber flocculation, after the flocculation mesh screen made from the natural composite material water conditioner filters, go out clear water again to static clarifying chamber;

After d, the effusive clear water in clarifying chamber flowed into biology aerobic aeration tank biodegrade, secondary clearing went out available clean water again;

E, sedimentary mud in c, the d step is carried out biochemical degradation, processed at the mud biochemical treatment tank;

F, the mud of dehydration is dropped into the high speed scrubber clean, separate, reclaim the natural composite material water conditioner;

Described natural composite material water conditioner is made up of zeolite, illite, sepiolite, and their weight percentage proportioning is a zeolite 20～45%, illite 30～50%, sepiolite 25～35%.

The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:

(1), treatment process is different fully, biochemical process is to administer waste water by bacterium, anaerobism, method such as aerobic, chemical method, physico-chemical process are to depend on chemical reaction to reach waste water control, additive method is that the direct use of a certain mineral reaches the improvement to waste water, and the present invention administers waste water by adding natural compound infinite regeneration material, natural composite material has performances such as huge specific surface area, cavity ratio, ion-exchange, molecular filtration, by with the sufficient coagulation of sewage, make heavy metal, phosphorus, SS, CODcr, BOD in the sewage rapidly ₅, NH ₃By mechanism such as powerful specific surface area and electric charge absorption, ion-exchange, molecular filtrations, make all contaminations effectively be removed Deng pollutent, wherein heavy metal, phosphorus, SS clearance reach more than 96%, CODcr, BOD ₅Clearance reaches about 75%, NH ₃-N clearance reaches about 50%.

(2), the present invention has than existing technology saving one-time investment, handle one cubic metre prior art day and need 800 yuan to 1500 yuan of investments, and armamentarium of the present invention is only assorted and to be needed 580 yuan, save 36% to 75%, save soil about 90%, but modular design is from handling tens cubic metres day to the hundreds of thousands of cubic meter, the water treatment effect is better than state emission standard, the water treatment working cost reduces, one cube of sewage of the every processing of prior art needs 0.33 to 1.20 yuan, and the present invention only needs 0.16 yuan, saves 51% to 86%.

(3), prior art do not have detailing to the processing and utilizing of mud and the regeneration of water conditioner, it is to handle by methods such as landfills basically that a lot of sludge of sewage treatment plants are handled, this just might cause the appearance of secondary pollution problem.And the present invention has accomplished innoxious, recycling treatment fully to sludge treatment, in the sludge treatment of prior art, the handling of mud is up to about 40% of entire sewage treatment plant expense, and the sludge treatment of the technology of the present invention does not only have high expense, has positive benefit on the contrary.The bacterium of biochemical process will breed in the dust again, and the medicine of chemical method has been added to the water with regard to complete reaction, also must not regenerate.And the natural mineral matrix material of this technology is regeneration many times to use, and has obtained resource to make full use of, and has saved resource, has also saved cost.

Description of drawings

The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a technological process block-diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of pressurization oxygenating device among the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of coagulation-flocculation equipment among the present invention.

Embodiment

Sewage is through sedimentation basin, grid, to pump well, the depth of water of pump well is greatly about more than 3 meters, draw water with common water pump, water sucking mouth at water pump adds the natural composite material water conditioner, waste water and natural composite material water conditioner pumped into together be higher than the about 10 meters pressurization oxygenating device of pump well end face, this equipment as shown in Figure 2, by liquid inlet 22, aqueduct joint flange 23, air passageways 24, apparatus casing 25, fluid pipeline 26, first nozzle 27, retaining ring 28, liquid gas mixing section 29, first pressure dissolving chamber 30, second nozzle 31, second retaining ring 32, second mixing section 33, second pressure dissolving chamber 34, transfer lime 35, transfer lime joint flange 36 constitutes, and the connection in their each parts is with screw thread or be welded to connect.These retaining ring 28 effects are the spacing and the location of static jet and liquid gas mixing section, and guarantee air admission liquid gas mixing section; Forms an aerating apparatus by mixing section, pressure dissolving chamber, nozzle, retaining ring etc., can contact as required and install the multistage pressure aerating apparatus additional, also can be as required, and connect many groups pressurized aeration devices of contacting, to reach the purpose of aeration.

Waste water forms jet (the pressure size is directly proportional with oxygenation efficient) through nozzle 27, because waste water jet action, produce huge negative pressure around making liquid gas mixing section 29, air is by negative pressure inhalant liquid gas mixing section, reaching liquid gas mixes, gas liquid mixture through mixing is by powerful jet impulse impellent, be pressed into pressure dissolving chamber 30, make air, improve the dissolved oxygen of liquid rapidly indoor fully the dissolving in the liquid of pressure dissolving, then, liquid forms new jet again through nozzle 31, mixes through liquid gas again, be pressed into pressure dissolving chamber, form jet through nozzle more again, carry out so repeatedly, make liquid aeration repeatedly, dissolved oxygen increases fast, 5-20 in second liquid (clear water) dissolved oxygen can be raised to three to six mg/litre (with liquid mass from zero, pressure, unit type is relevant).Than the high 1-2.5 of conventional oxygenation efficient doubly, energy efficient makes sewage be in the oxygen enrichment state, allows aerobic flora ramp, makes CODcr, BOD ₅, pollutent such as SS obtains degraded.

Waste water flows into second stage coagulation-flocculation equipment by gravity from the pressurization oxygenating device and handles, this equipment is higher than about 2 meters of pump well end face, equipment at the corresponding levels as shown in Figure 3, comprise water inlet pipe 1, nozzle 2, coagulating chamber and coagulation flow deflector 3, the first circular flocculation chamber 4, the second circular flocculation chamber 5, unidirectional flocculating chamber 6, flocculation pipe 7, water-in 8, flocculation mesh screen 9, flocculation bucket 10, sludge settling steadying plate 11, inclined tube 12, static clarifying chamber 13, clear water output 14, settling pit 15, mud room 16, sediment outflow pipe 17, sludge pipe 18, coagulating treatment pond body 19, static settling pond body 20, overflow port 21, being connected between each parts are by bolt, electric welding connects, concrete depositing is finished.Sewage sprays into coagulating chamber by nozzle, around coagulating chamber, produce to be higher than and newly spray into former water 2-4 negative pressure doubly, allow its repeatedly and fully coagulation, again through the reverse guide in coagulating chamber exit, the water body that enters first circular flocculation is contacted more fully, increase treatment effect, flocculate through a plurality of flocculating chambers of system's formula again, flocculation time is that 290-500 is between second, reach mud, circulation promotes to contact coagulation to water with water conditioner, flocculation is again through the mesh screen flocculating chamber, static clarifying chamber is at clarifying chamber's back warp coagulation, waste water after the flocculation treatment, when sludge blanket and sludge settling steadying plate, pollutent is separated rapidly with water, and few partly unsaturation suspended substance is still taken out of the mud filtering layer by ascending current buoyancy, owing to the inclined tube effect increases contact area, make the clear water flow velocity that makes progress reduce to per second 0.3-1.0 millimeter, the downward gravity of body refuse is greater than the buoyancy of the speed of liter waterborne, so unsaturated suspended substance and a small amount of body refuse will sedimentations, clear water flows out from overflow port, has reached the purpose of water purification.

Treatment facility at the corresponding levels installs the coagulation flow deflector additional at coagulating chamber, allows water conditioner, mud, former water fully contact coagulation, has reduced the consumption of water conditioner, has also reduced energy consumption; Installed the flocculation pipe additional, increased the mesh screen flocculating chamber, improved flocculating effect, made it from dynamically becoming static state; Increase sludge settling steadying plate and inclined tube device, improved water treatment clarifying efficiency, effluent quality and stability, increase single pond processing power, reduce the volume of pond body.

Natural composite material water conditioner used in the above-mentioned treatment facility is made up of zeolite, illite, sepiolite, and their weight percentage proportioning is a zeolite 20～45%, illite 30～50%, sepiolite 25～35%.Choose zeolite, illite and sepiolite in proportion and mix, after temperature is to be ground to 200 to 400 orders under 150 to 300 ℃ of conditions, stirs and to make.

Sewage stopped one hour through above-mentioned treatment facility, and inflow third stage high-performance bio treatment facility---biology aerobic aeration tank, this pond are higher than about 1.5 meters of pump well end face, and equipment normal design volumetric loading is 1.5～3.0kg/m ³.d, for the COD that guarantees the design's water outlet reaches (GB8978-1996) primary standard for a long time and leaves abundant leeway, volumetric loading is got 0.5kg/m ³.d, hydraulic detention time t=2h handles 1 kilogram of BOD ₅Oxygen requirement is pressed 1.5kgO ₂Design, and in the pond, throw in efficient particular fillers and dominant microflora, adopt energy-conservation pressurized aeration machine to carry out aeration.Because sewage aeration before entering the biology aerobic aeration tank, when sewage arrives third stage biology aerobic aeration tank, sewage is anoxic digestion process 1 hour, through aeration, sewage thorough mixing in the filler that the dominant flora body of high density proportioning adheres to, make that dominant bacteria population and sewage ratio of mixture are dense, under the sufficient environment of oxygen again, microorganism breeds rapidly, and the water pollutant of degrading fast, in this grade biological degradation is handled, degradable CODcr, BOD ₅, NH ₃Pollutents such as-N, the visual source of sewage of degradation rate and designing, the degraded clearance can reach more than 95%.Through clarification, make sewage become recycling clean water and discharging.

Sludge discharged in the above-mentioned treating processes is entered the highly effective sludge biochemical treatment tank.Because the characteristic of mud, the sludge suspension that can make high density in reaction tank, are passed through the effect of effectively compound microbial, the larger molecular organics in the mud, the micromolecular organism of rapid decomposable one-tenth, and then resolve into CH ₄, CO ₂And water, every cubic metre can be produced 3 cubic metres of inflammable gass.Handle the municipal sewage plant of 20000t/d, if water inlet SS, CODcr are respectively 350 and 250mg/L, the water conditioner consumption is 50mg/L, can produce 6000 cubes of combustion gas every day, water outlet reaches country's " integrated wastewater discharge standard " town B-grade sewage treatment plant's water outlet primary standard (GB8978-1996), the mud dry weight of Chan Shenging is about 5 tons after treatment, only remain 4 tons of mud (water content is 65%) as one ton of water conditioner being reclaimed the back, and the sludge quantity that traditional biochemical process produces is 8 tons.

Owing to being natural mineral, comes this water conditioner through composite modified, so, can use repeatedly, this water conditioner enters in the sewage, is by its huge specific surface area pollutent to be passed through absorption, principles such as ion-exchange are carried out water treatment, therefore, in the water treatment whole process, the water conditioner material is constant, so water conditioner can reclaim through handling again and use repeatedly.The method of its recovery is as follows: the mud input high speed scrubber (per minute 2900-3500 commentaries on classics) after biochemical treatment is cleaned, add ore dressing liquid, water conditioner is separated rapidly with other material, sedimentation, knot cake are in pond for recovering, it is sent in the rotary kiln of 360-650 degree handle, further remove organic pollutant, through high-temperature activation, enter modified device, add properties-correcting agent, under 80-150 degree temperature, fully stirred 3-15 minute, after cooling, packing, become the recycle-water treatment agent, can reuse.

In water treatment procedure, mud and natural mineral water conditioner have adsorbed the essential micronutrient element of a large amount of organic substances, N, P, K and plant, and are easy to dehydration, can be directly used in soil improvement agent, also can make organic, inorganic composite fertilizer; What produce lefts in mud, through after the harmless treatment, also can be processed into high-intensity light-weight insulating brick, has high marketable value, and has vast market.And the mud that traditional physico-chemical process and biochemical process produce, the dehydration difficulty adds polyacrylamide for this reason, makes sludge dewatering become more or less freely, but will further reduce moisture content the time, very difficulty then becomes; After it is air-dry, then harder, soil is produced hardening function, therefore, the space that utilizes again of mud narrows down, and is difficult to agricultural use, can only landfill or burning, and also expense is not low, tends to cause secondary pollution.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of ecological resources waste water treatment process comprises following processing step successively:

A, adding natural composite material water conditioner: the water sucking mouth at water pump adds the natural composite material water conditioner, and waste water and natural composite material water conditioner are pumped together;

B, pressurization oxygenation are handled: the waste water that pumps enters the pressurization oxygenating device, and elder generation is mixed at liquid gas mixing section liquid gas after nozzle forms jet then in equipment, and pressure dissolving chamber pressure dissolved oxygen forms jet through nozzle again, repeats repeatedly;

Reflocculation behind c, the coagulation: the waste water after the pressurization oxygenation is first through the abundant coagulation of coagulating chamber in coagulation-flocculation equipment, then in first and second circular flocculation chamber flocculation, after the flocculation mesh screen made from the natural composite material water conditioner filters, go out clear water again to static clarifying chamber;

After d, the effusive clear water in clarifying chamber flowed into biology aerobic aeration tank biodegrade, secondary clearing went out available clean water again;

E, sedimentary mud in c, the d step is carried out biochemical degradation, processed at the mud biochemical treatment tank;

F, the mud of dehydration is dropped into the high speed scrubber clean, separate, reclaim the natural composite material water conditioner;

Described natural composite material water conditioner is made up of zeolite, illite, sepiolite, and their weight percentage proportioning is a zeolite 20～45%, illite 30～50%, sepiolite 25～35%.

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