CN114047024A - Deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device, which comprises a high pressure maintaining energy storage device, an active refrigerating device, a gradient type drilling device, a sampling mechanism and an anti-disturbance rack, wherein the active refrigerating device is arranged on the high pressure maintaining energy storage device; the high pressure maintaining energy storage device, the gradient drilling device and the sampling mechanism are all fixedly arranged on the disturbance resisting frame; the active refrigerating device is arranged inside the gradient drilling device; the sampling mechanism comprises an upper layer sampling mechanism and a lower layer sampling mechanism; the gradient drilling device is used for collecting a deep sea sample, outputting the liquid sample to the upper layer sampling mechanism, inputting the deep sea sample into the high pressure maintaining energy storage device, outputting the deep sea sample to the lower layer sampling mechanism by the high pressure maintaining energy storage device, and finally completing the sampling process; the high-pressure-maintaining energy storage device is used for maintaining pressure in the sampling process, and the active refrigerating device is used for preserving heat in the sampling process. The device aims at obtaining a multiphase sample in a deep sea in-situ environment and transferring the multi-dimensional fidelity, and can realize the low-disturbance deep sea in-situ, pollution-free sampling of the multiphase sample and the multi-dimensional fidelity of the sample.

Description

Deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of deep sea resource combustible ice exploration, in particular to a deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device.

Background

The ocean combustible ice has the advantages of huge reserves, wide distribution, high heat value and the like, and is known as the most potential alternative energy in the 21 st century, however, the combustible ice is in a solid state form and exists in deep sea sediments, and the existing environment of the combustible ice does not have a complete trap structure. The exploitation process of the combustible ice necessarily generates various marine environmental ecological effects, and improper exploitation can induce the release of hydrocarbon gases such as methane and the like in a large scale, thereby causing serious environmental and geological disasters.

At present, the research aiming at the early stage of combustible ice mainly focuses on the aspects of exploration and investigation of resources, development of mining technology, prevention and control of blockage of a transportation pipeline, industrial application research and the like. The research on the environmental ecological effect of combustible ice is late, and position supplement is urgently needed. At present, the test time of the exploitation field of combustible ice at home and abroad is short, and the type of a test area is single, so that the understanding of the mechanism, the synergistic factor and the maximum bearing threshold value of the deep sea environment of methane leakage in the multi-interface environment medium of sediment, sea water and deep sea organisms under different sea area environment conditions needs to be deepened for the industrialized development of combustible ice.

Meanwhile, for the major national energy and environmental strategies of environmental ecological safety management and control and deep sea carbon sequestration mechanism for marine combustible ice development, due to the multiphase complex environment of deep sea sediments, water, microorganisms, macroorganisms and the like, corresponding sampling and transferring technical means are still lacking at present to realize multi-dimensional fidelity sampling and transferring of deep sea bottom multiphase samples from deep sea to laboratories, most sampling and transferring methods can cause impurity of the samples, the gradient change of the sediment samples during in-situ collection is changed, the samples are distorted, the original components and the states of the samples are changed after collection, and accurate information cannot be provided for scientists.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve at least one technical defect and provides a deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device, which realizes deep sea in-situ low disturbance, pollution-free sampling of multi-phase samples and multi-dimensional fidelity of the samples.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device comprises a high pressure maintaining energy storage device, an active refrigerating device, a gradient type drilling device, a sampling mechanism and an anti-disturbance rack; the high pressure maintaining energy storage device, the gradient drilling device and the sampling mechanism are all fixedly arranged on the disturbance resisting frame; the active refrigeration device is arranged inside the gradient drilling device; wherein: the gradient drilling device is fixed at the center of the disturbance resisting frame; the sampling mechanism comprises an upper layer sampling mechanism and a lower layer sampling mechanism; the gradient drilling device is used for collecting a deep sea sample and outputting the liquid sample to the upper layer sampling mechanism, the deep sea sample passes through the upper layer sampling mechanism and then is input into the high pressure maintaining energy storage device, and the deep sea sample is output to the lower layer sampling mechanism through the high pressure maintaining energy storage device, so that the sampling process is finally completed; the high-pressure-maintaining energy storage device is used for maintaining pressure in the sampling process, and the active refrigerating device is used for preserving heat in the sampling process.

In the scheme, the high pressure maintaining energy storage device, the active refrigerating device, the gradient drilling device, the sampling mechanism and the disturbance resisting frame are all in modularized design, and the whole installation is simple and convenient; the high pressure-maintaining energy storage device and the gradient drilling device can be arranged on the disturbance-resistant frame through screws, the active refrigerating device is arranged inside the gradient drilling device, the overall arrangement mode is that the gradient drilling device is fixed at the central position, the high pressure-maintaining energy storage devices with specific quantity and the corresponding upper sampling mechanisms and lower sampling mechanisms are vertically arranged on the periphery as required to integrally assist in collecting water samples, the high pressure-maintaining energy storage device is directly arranged on the disturbance-resistant frame in a seating manner, the upper sampling mechanisms and the lower sampling mechanisms can be fixed on the disturbance-resistant frame through mounting seats with ball valves,

in the above scheme, this device is before sample acquisition, need to fill high pressurize energy storage device, gradient formula is bored through inert gas high pressure air pump, and the installation of device is holistic again for high pressurize energy storage device, initiative refrigerating plant, gradient formula are bored and are got the inside state that forms a intercommunication of device, upper sampling mechanism and lower floor's sampling mechanism, and at this moment, high pressurize energy storage device is used for realizing the pressurize of sampling process, and initiative refrigerating plant is used for realizing the heat preservation of sampling process.

The scheme aims at obtaining a multiphase sample in a deep sea in-situ environment and performing multi-dimensional fidelity in a transfer process, and develops a deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device to realize low-disturbance in the deep sea in-situ environment, pollution-free sampling of the multiphase sample and multi-dimensional fidelity of the sample; samples such as sediments, seawater, microorganisms, macroorganisms, dissolved gas and the like are sampled in a gradient manner at a deep sea seabed target interface through a sampling device, a multi-dimensional fidelity technology is developed, simulation is carried out on multi-dimensional environments such as temperature, pressure, chemical environment and the like of a deep sea environment in the sample collection and sample transfer processes, and finally butt joint transfer of the samples and an experimental culture cabin can be realized.

The whole set of device can be installed in various deep sea mobile devices (ROV, AUV, AUH and the like), is simple and convenient to operate, high in fidelity, safe and reliable, provides basic equipment support for advanced scientific problems such as construction of environmental safety prevention and control strategies for mining marine combustible ice, carbon fixation mechanism of multi-phase environment of deep sea bottom and the like, and provides basic scientific and technological support for exploring green, safe and efficient combustible ice mining technologies.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device, which aims at obtaining a multi-phase sample in a deep sea in-situ environment and transferring multi-dimensional fidelity in the process, and can realize low-disturbance deep sea in-situ, pollution-free sampling of the multi-phase sample and multi-dimensional fidelity of the sample; the modularized design mode enables the device to be simple and convenient to install, safe and reliable, and provides basic equipment support for advanced scientific problems such as construction of environmental safety prevention and control strategies for mining the marine combustible ice, carbon fixation mechanism of a multi-phase environment at the deep sea bottom and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a high pressure maintaining energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a gradient drilling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an active cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper sampling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an anti-disturbance rack;

wherein: 1. a high pressure maintaining energy storage device; 11. a cavity; 111. a water sample inlet connector; 112. a water sample outlet connector; 12. a first piston; 13. a second piston; 14. a connecting layer; 141. a connecting channel; 142. a positioning member; 15. a pressure maintaining gas delivery end cover; 151. an end cap body; 152. a gas delivery pipe; 153. an adjustment shaft; 154. a fixing assembly; 1541. a fixing plate; 1542. a screw; 1543. a spring washer; 1544. a double-layer nut; 155. a gas inlet and outlet joint; 156. a fixing member; 2. an active refrigeration device; 21. a temperature detection ring; 22. a refrigeration medium; 23. a refrigeration component; 3. a gradient drilling device; 31. a device main body; 311. an outer sleeve; 32. an auxiliary pressure maintaining energy storage device; 321. a high pressure air pump joint; 322. an auxiliary device end cap; 323. a third piston; 324. a fourth piston; 325. directly connecting to the cavity; 33. a pressure relief valve connector; 34. rotating the drilling device; 341. a gradient sampling cavity; 3411. a gradient sampling chamber body; 3412. the rotary connection cavity body; 3413. a rotating bearing; 3414. a fine pore component spacer; 3415. a coarse pore component spacer plate; 3416. sealing the end cap; 342. a connecting sleeve; 343. drilling a structure; 3431. fixing the shaft shoulder; 3432. rotating the drill bit; 4. a sampling mechanism; 41. an upper layer sampling mechanism; 411. a first sampling capsule; 412. a first inlet valve; 4121. a first inlet valve mount; 4122. a first inlet valve adjustment gear; 413. a first outlet valve; 4131. a first outlet valve mount; 4132. a first outlet valve adjustment gear; 414. a first connecting valve; 4141. a first connecting valve mounting seat; 415. a second connecting valve; 4151. a second connecting valve mounting seat; 416. a connecting hose; 417. a second sampling chamber; 418. a third connecting valve; 4181. a third connecting valve mounting seat; 42. a lower layer sampling mechanism; 5. an anti-disturbance frame; 51. a rack main body; 52. an active adjustment wing; 53. a hydraulic push rod; 54. positioning nails; 55. fixing the support plate; 56. moving the plate; 57. a seat plate falls; 58. a control cabin; 59. and a shock absorbing set.

Detailed Description

The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;

for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product;

it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device comprises a high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1, an active refrigeration device 2, a gradient type drilling device 3, a sampling mechanism 4 and an anti-disturbance rack 5; the high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1, the gradient drilling device 3 and the sampling mechanism 4 are all fixedly arranged on the disturbance resisting frame 5; the active refrigerating device 2 is arranged inside the gradient type drilling device 3; wherein: the gradient drilling device 3 is fixed at the central position of the disturbance resisting frame 5; the sampling mechanism 4 comprises an upper layer sampling mechanism 41 and a lower layer sampling mechanism 42; the gradient drilling device 3 is used for collecting a deep sea sample and outputting the liquid sample to the upper layer sampling mechanism 41, the deep sea sample passes through the upper layer sampling mechanism 41 and then is input into the high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1, and then is output to the lower layer sampling mechanism 42 from the high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1, and finally the sampling process is completed; the high-pressure-maintaining energy storage device 1 is used for maintaining pressure in the sampling process, and the active refrigerating device 2 is used for preserving heat in the sampling process.

In the specific implementation process, the high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1, the active refrigerating device 2, the gradient drilling device 3, the sampling mechanism 4 and the disturbance resisting frame 5 are all in modularized design, so that the whole installation is simple and convenient; the high-pressure-maintaining energy storage device 1 and the gradient drilling device 3 can be both arranged on the anti-disturbance rack 5 through screws, the active refrigerating device 2 is arranged inside the gradient drilling device 3, the overall arrangement mode is that the gradient drilling device 3 is fixed at the central position, four sequence high-pressure-maintaining energy storage devices 1 and corresponding upper sampling mechanisms 41 and lower sampling mechanisms 42 are vertically arranged on the periphery to integrally assist in collecting water samples, the high-pressure-maintaining energy storage devices 1 are directly arranged on the anti-disturbance rack 5 in a seating manner, the upper sampling mechanisms 41 and the lower sampling mechanisms 42 can be fixed on the anti-disturbance rack 5 through mounting seats with ball valves,

in the concrete implementation process, this device is before sample acquisition, need to pass through inert gas high pressure gas pump to high pressurize energy storage device 1, the gradient formula is bored and is got device 3 and aerify, carry out the holistic installation of device again, make high pressurize energy storage device 1, initiative refrigerating plant 2, the gradient formula is bored and is got device 3, the inside state that forms a intercommunication of upper sampling mechanism 41 and lower floor's sampling mechanism 42, at this moment, high pressurize energy storage device 1 is used for realizing the pressurize of sampling process, initiative refrigerating plant 2 is used for realizing the heat preservation of sampling process.

The scheme aims at obtaining a multiphase sample in a deep sea in-situ environment and transferring multi-dimensional fidelity to the process, and develops a deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device to realize low-disturbance in the deep sea in-situ environment, pollution-free sampling of the multiphase sample and multi-dimensional fidelity of the sample; samples such as sediments, seawater, microorganisms, macroorganisms, dissolved gas and the like are sampled in a gradient manner at a deep sea seabed target interface through a sampling device, a multi-dimensional fidelity technology is developed, simulation is carried out on multi-dimensional environments such as temperature, pressure, chemical environment and the like of a deep sea environment in the sample collection and sample transfer processes, and finally butt joint transfer of the samples and an experimental culture cabin can be realized.

Example 2

More specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1 includes a cavity 11, a first piston 12, a second piston 13, a connecting layer 14, and a pressure maintaining gas delivery end cap 15; wherein: the cavity 11 is a hollow structure with one closed end and one open end, and the pressure maintaining gas delivery end cover 15 is fixedly arranged at the open end of the cavity 11 and is detachably connected with the cavity 11; the closed end of the cavity 11 is provided with a water sample inlet connector 111 and a water sample outlet connector 112, and the cavity 11 is communicated with the upper sampling mechanism 41 through the water sample inlet connector 111; the cavity 11 is communicated with the lower sampling mechanism 42 through the water sample outlet connector 112; the first piston 12, the connecting layer 14 and the second piston 13 are sequentially arranged in a hollow structure in the cavity 11 from the closed end of the cavity 11 to the open end of the cavity 11, the first piston 12, the second piston 13 and the cavity 11 form sliding connection, the connecting layer 14 is fixedly arranged between the first piston 12 and the second piston 13, and a connecting channel 141 penetrating through the connecting layer 14 is arranged on the connecting layer 14; and the high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1 inputs gas through the pressure maintaining gas transmission end cover 15.

More specifically, all be provided with the sealing washer on water sample entry linkage head 111, the water sample exit linkage head 112, water sample entry linkage head 111, water sample exit linkage head 112 all through the sealing washer with cavity 11 closed end fixed connection.

More specifically, two layers of O-ring seals are arranged on the side surfaces of the first piston 12 and the second piston 13; the first piston 12 and the second piston 13 are in sliding connection with the cavity 11 through the double-layer O-shaped sealing ring.

In the concrete implementation process, the water sample outlet connector 112 is arranged in the vertical direction of the cavity 11, the water sample inlet connectors 111 are arranged around the horizontal direction, and the water sample outlet connector 112 and the water sample inlet connectors 111 are connected with the clamping sleeve connectors through sealing rings and welding modes and connected with corresponding devices. The first piston 12 in the cavity 11 is a liquid-liquid flow-through piston, and is provided with a slow flow hole; the second piston 13 is a liquid-air flow through piston and is provided with a slow flow hole; the pressure maintaining gas transmission end cover 15 is provided with a through hole eccentric inlet in the vertical direction, and the pressure maintaining gas transmission end cover 15 is connected with a clamping sleeve pipe interface through a double-layer O-shaped sealing ring and a welding mode and is communicated with the inside of the cavity 11. The whole device is positioned on the same axis, the cavity 11 is divided into four cavities by the first piston 12, the second piston 13 and the connecting layer 14, and the four cavities comprise a top cavity, two middle slow flow cavities and a bottom cavity, wherein the top cavity is a sample flow cavity and is responsible for the in-and-out communication of a sample; the flow slowing cavity is responsible for slowing down pressurization and depressurization impact, and the bottom cavity is an inert gas cavity and is responsible for maintaining a compressible high-pressure environment; the contact position of each part in the device is sealed by an O-shaped sealing ring group, so that the integral air tightness of the device is ensured.

More specifically, be provided with the external screw thread structure on the tie layer 14 side surface, cavity 11 internal surface is provided with the internal thread structure with external screw thread structure complex, tie layer 14 through external screw thread structure, internal thread structure with cavity 11 threaded connection.

In the implementation process, the two ends of the connecting layer 14 are in threaded connection with the cavity 11 through sealing threads, so that the connecting layer 14 is convenient and quick to install. The inner axis of the connecting layer 14 is provided with a through hole, and two ends of the through hole can be assembled with different adjusting type through hole connectors to form a connecting channel 141, and the adjusting type through hole connectors are in threaded connection with the connecting layer 14 and are positioned on the same axis.

In the specific implementation process, before the high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1 is used, the second piston 13 needs to be taken out, clean deionized water is filled into the areas 1-C and 1-B, then the second piston 13 is installed, the pressure maintaining gas transmission end cover 15 is installed at the bottom of the cavity 11, the pressure maintaining gas transmission end cover 15 is connected to an inert gas high-pressure gas pump, gas for maintaining the in-situ pressure of the sample in a certain proportion is filled into the area 1-D, in the embodiment, the gas is 10%, and after the gas filling is completed, the high pressure maintaining energy storage device can be placed for later use.

In the specific implementation process, the structure of the high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1 can buffer the pressure change of the whole deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device and can also ensure the pressure maintaining of the sample in the sampling process and the sample transfer process.

More specifically, the connecting layer 14 further includes a positioning member 142; the cavity 11 is provided with a positioning connecting hole; the positioning member 142 passes through the positioning connection hole to fix the connection layer 14 on the cavity 11. Sealing rings are arranged at the contact positions of the positioning piece 142, the connecting layer 14 and the cavity 11.

In the specific implementation process, in order to ensure reasonable distribution of the internal space of the cavity 11, the positioning connection holes are formed in the cavity 11, and the connecting layer 14 is fixed by the positioning pieces 142, so that the reasonable position of the connecting layer 14 can be ensured, thereby ensuring that the first piston 12 and the second piston 13 have sufficient space to slide, dynamically adjusting the position, and realizing pressure buffering; in addition, the positioning member 142 is provided to support the installation of the high pressure maintaining energy storage apparatus 1.

More specifically, the pressure-maintaining gas delivery end cover 15 comprises an end cover main body 151, a gas delivery pipe 152, an adjusting shaft 153, a fixing component 154, a gas inlet and outlet joint 155 and a fixing piece 156; wherein: the adjusting shaft 153 is fixedly arranged on the end cover main body 151 through a fixing assembly 154; a tubular structure with an adjusting valve is arranged in the adjusting shaft 153; the gas pipe 152 is arranged on the end cover main body 151, one end of the gas pipe is communicated with the inside of the cavity 11, and the other end of the gas pipe is communicated with one end of the tubular structure of the adjusting shaft 153; the other end of the tubular structure of the adjusting shaft 153 is fixedly connected with the gas inlet and outlet joint 155; the end cap body 151 is fixed to the chamber 11 by a fixing member 156.

More specifically, the fixing assembly 154 includes a fixing plate 1541, a screw 1542, a spring washer 1543, a double-layer nut 1544; wherein: the adjusting shaft 153 is fixedly connected with the end cover main body 151 through a threaded structure; the fixing plate 1541 is disposed around the adjusting shaft 153, and is fixed to the end cover main body 151 by the screw 1542; the double-layer nut 1544 is fixed on the adjusting shaft 153 and is in contact with the screw 1542; the spring washer 1543 is disposed between the double nut 1544 and the adjustment shaft 153.

In the specific implementation process, the adjusting shaft 153 is screwed on the end cover main body 151, and is fixed by the fixing plate 1541 and the screw 1542, and the adjusting valve on the tubular structure of the adjusting shaft 153 is adjusted by the double-layer nut 1544 arranged on the adjusting shaft. By loosening the double-layer nut 1544 on the adjusting shaft 153, the adjusting shaft 153 is adjustable, and then the adjusting shaft 153 is rotated by a wrench, so that the pressure-maintaining gas-delivery end cover 15 is in an inflatable state, and at this time, an inert gas high-pressure gas pump can be connected for inflation operation. After the inflation is completed, the adjusting shaft 153 and the double-layer nut 1544 are sequentially rotated, so that the pressure-maintaining gas-delivery end cover 15 is in a gas-locking state.

In the specific implementation process, as shown in fig. 2, the area 1-a is a sample flowing area, the area 1-B is filled with deionized water to be a buffer area, and the first piston 12 separates the areas 1-a and 1-B, so that the liquids on the two sides do not contact; the connection layer 14 is provided with a connection channel 141 for connecting the regions 1-B and 1-C, the region 1-C and the region 1-B are filled with clean deionized water, and the deionized water is a transmission medium between the first piston 12 and the second piston 13. The second piston 13 can move up and down in the chamber 11 and ensure that the liquid and gas in the areas 1-C and 1-D do not contact.

Example 3

More specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the gradient drilling device 3 includes a device body 31, an auxiliary pressure maintaining energy storage device 32, a pressure relief valve joint 33, and a rotary drilling device 34; wherein: the auxiliary pressure maintaining and accumulating device 32 is fixedly arranged at the upper half part of the device main body 31 and is used for realizing an auxiliary pressure maintaining function; the rotary drilling device 34 is fixedly arranged at the lower half part of the device main body 31 and is used for drilling a sample; the auxiliary pressure maintaining and energy storing device 32 is communicated with the interior of the rotary drilling device 34; the pressure relief valve joint 33 is fixedly arranged on the device main body 31, one end of the pressure relief valve joint is communicated with the interior of the auxiliary pressure maintaining and energy storing device 32, and the other end of the pressure relief valve joint is connected with the upper sampling mechanism 41; the active refrigeration device 2 is fixedly arranged inside the rotary drilling device 34 and used for preserving heat of a sample.

More specifically, the auxiliary pressure maintaining and energy storing device 32 comprises a high-pressure air pump joint 321, an auxiliary device end cover 322, a third piston 323, a fourth piston 324 and a through cavity 325; wherein: the high-pressure air pump joint 321 is arranged on the auxiliary device end cover 322, and the interior of the high-pressure air pump joint is communicated with the through cavity 325; the auxiliary device end cover 322 is fixedly arranged at one end of the through cavity 325 and is fixedly connected with the device main body 31; the other end of the straight-through cavity 325 is sleeved on the rotary drilling device 34 and forms a closed and communicated structure with the rotary drilling device 34; the third piston 323 and the fourth piston 324 are sequentially arranged in the through cavity 325 from one end of the through cavity 325 close to the through cavity 325 to the other end of the through cavity 325; the pressure relief valve connector 33 is in communication with the through cavity 325.

In the specific implementation process, the top of the auxiliary pressure maintaining and energy storing device 32 is a sealed auxiliary device end cover 322, and the outside of the auxiliary device end cover 322 is connected with an inert gas high-pressure air pump through a high-pressure air pump joint 321; the third piston 323 of the through cavity 325 is a liquid-gas flow-through piston, the fourth piston 324 is a liquid-liquid flow-through piston, the through cavity 325 is communicated and intersected with the rotary drilling device 34 to form a safety protection cavity, liquid flow is slowed, and the pressure relief valve joint 33 is fixed around the safety protection cavity in a welding mode, so that liquid can be conveniently discharged to the upper sampling mechanism 41.

More specifically, an outer sleeve 311 is provided on the device body 31, and the outer sleeve 311 is screwed to the device body 31.

In the specific implementation process, the outer sleeve 311 can not only protect the device main body 31, but also has thread structures on the surfaces of the two ends, so that the length of the device main body 31 can be extended by connecting the outer sleeves 311 through the common knowledge of the length of the rotary drilling device 34, and the device main body can be conveniently used in an expanded manner.

More specifically, a chamfer step opening is formed in the surface of the device body 31, and the outer sleeve 311 is locked with the device body 31 through the flexible collar 312 arranged on the chamfer step opening.

In the specific implementation process, the arrangement of the chamfer step opening and the flexible lantern ring 312 can avoid the phenomenon of looseness of the device in the use process, and the disturbance resistance of the whole device is greatly improved.

More specifically, the rotary drilling device 34 comprises a gradient sampling cavity 341, a connection sleeve 342 and a drilling structure 343; wherein: the gradient sampling cavity 341 is fixed inside the connection sleeve 342; one end of the connecting sleeve 342 is connected with the lower half part of the device main body 31, so as to communicate the gradient sampling cavity 341 with the through cavity 325; the other end of the connecting sleeve 342 is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the drilling structure 343.

More specifically, the gradient sampling chamber 341 includes a gradient sampling chamber body 3411, a rotary connection chamber 3412, a rotary bearing 3413, a fine pore component separation plate 3414, a coarse pore component separation plate 3415, and a seal end cap 3416; wherein: the rotary bearing 3413 is fixedly disposed within the connecting sleeve 342; one end of the rotary connecting cavity 3412 is communicated with the through cavity 325, the other end of the rotary connecting cavity is fixedly connected with one end of the gradient sampling cavity 3411, and the rotary connecting cavity 3412 is communicated with the interior of the gradient sampling cavity 3411; the end cap 3416 is arranged at the opening at the other end of the gradient sampling cavity body 3411; the rotary connecting cavity 3412 is arranged on the rotary bearing 3413; the fine pore component spacing plate 3414 and the coarse pore component spacing plate 3415 are sequentially arranged on the structure formed by the connection of the rotary connecting cavity 3412 and the gradient sampling cavity body 3411 from the end of the rotary connecting cavity 3412 close to the through cavity 325 to the end of the sealing end cover 3416.

In a specific implementation process, the gradient sampling cavity body 3411 is arranged on the axis of the whole device, the fine pore component spacing plate 3414 and the coarse pore component spacing plate 3415 are arranged inside the gradient sampling cavity body 3411, the component spacing plates can move up and down in the gradient sampling cavity body 3411, and in the process of rotating the matching rotating connection cavity 3412, the fine pore component spacing plate 3414 and the coarse pore component spacing plate 3415 can perform gradient sampling on different components of a sample.

More specifically, the drilling structure 343 includes a stationary shoulder 3431 and a rotary drill bit 3432; the rotary drill 3432 is fixed inside the fixing shoulder 3431, and the fixing shoulder 3431 is screwed with the connecting sleeve 342.

In the specific implementation process, the drilling structure 343 is connected to the connecting sleeve 342 through threads, so that the whole device is located on the same axis, and meanwhile, double layers of O-shaped sealing rings are arranged on contact surfaces of all parts in the gradient drilling device 3, so that the sealing performance of the gradient drilling device 3 is guaranteed.

In the specific implementation process, as shown in fig. 3, a region 3-a between the end cover 322 of the auxiliary device and the third piston 323 is filled with high-pressure inert nitrogen, a region 3-B between the third piston 323 and the fourth piston 324 is filled with clean deionized water as an intermediate buffer, and a sample region and a refrigeration region are arranged below the fourth piston 324. The front end of the rotary drill bit 3432 is provided with a plurality of waist-shaped through holes for discharging excess materials during drilling; in each zone of the gradient drilling device 3, deionized water is filled in the preparation stages 3-C, 3-D, 3-E and 3-F, and after the final sampling is finished, the 3-D is filled with a mixture sample of bottom seawater, pore water and bubbles, the 3-E is filled with a sludge sample, the 3-F is filled with a solid sediment sample, and the samples in the whole gradient sampling cavity main body 3411 are distributed in a gradient manner.

Example 4

More specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the active cooling device 2 includes a temperature detection ring 21, a cooling medium 22, and a cooling member 23; wherein: the temperature detection ring 21 is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the gradient sampling cavity 341 and is used for detecting the temperature of the sample in the gradient sampling cavity 341; the refrigeration medium 22 is arranged in a small cavity formed between the gradient sampling cavity 341 and the straight-through cavity 325; the refrigeration component 23 is disposed in the refrigeration medium 22 and is fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the gradient sampling cavity 341.

In the specific implementation process, the refrigerating components 23 are adsorbed on the outer wall of the gradient sampling cavity 341 and are symmetrically distributed in an array manner around the outer wall, and the regions between the temperature detection rings 21 on the two sides and the gradient sampling cavity 341 and the through cavity 325 are filled with the refrigerating medium solution with high specific heat.

In the specific implementation process, the refrigeration part 23 is composed of semiconductor refrigeration devices, and the refrigeration function can be realized through circuit control; the refrigeration effect of the refrigeration component 23 can be greatly improved by the arrangement of the refrigeration medium 22, and the uniformity of the temperature is ensured, so that the temperature of the sample in the gradient sampling cavity 341 can be uniformly controlled, and the consistency of the whole environment is ensured while the temperature is kept.

Example 5

More specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the upper sampling mechanism 41 includes a first sampling chamber 411, a first inlet valve 412 and a first outlet valve 413 provided on the first sampling chamber 411 and having one end communicating with the first sampling chamber 411; wherein: the first sampling cabin 411 is fixedly arranged on the disturbance resisting frame 5; the other end of the first inlet valve 412 is connected with the gradient drilling device 3; one end of the first outlet valve 413 is communicated with the first sampling chamber 411, and the other end of the first outlet valve is communicated with the high-pressure-maintaining energy storage device 1.

More specifically, the upper sampling mechanism 41 further comprises a first connection valve 414, a second connection valve 415, a connection hose 416 and a second sampling chamber 417; wherein: one end of the first connecting valve 414 is communicated with the first sampling chamber 411, and the other end is communicated with the connecting hose 416; the other end of the connecting hose 416 is communicated with one end of the second connecting valve 415; the other end of the second connecting valve 415 is communicated with the second sampling chamber 417.

In a specific implementation, the second sampling chamber 417 is configured to expand the sample capacity of the upper sampling mechanism 41, which is opened by the first connection valve 414 and the second connection valve 415.

More specifically, the upper sampling mechanism 41 further includes a third connection valve 418; one end of the third connecting valve 418 is communicated with the second sampling chamber 417, and the other end is used for realizing the extended connection of the sampling mechanism 4.

In the specific implementation process, the structures and the compositions of the upper layer sampling mechanism 41 and the lower layer sampling mechanism 42 are the same, in this embodiment, only the upper layer sampling mechanism 41 is explained, and the composition and the implementation process of the lower layer sampling mechanism 42 are not additionally explained.

In a specific implementation, the first inlet valve 412 is fixed by a first inlet valve mounting seat 4121, and is controlled by a first inlet valve adjusting gear 4122; the first outlet valve 413 is fixed by a first outlet valve mount 4131, and is controlled by a first outlet valve adjustment gear 4132; first connection valve 414 and second connection valve 415 are fixed by first connection valve mounting seat 4141 and second connection valve mounting seat 4151, respectively; third connection valve 418 is fixed by third connection valve mounting seat 4181.

In the specific implementation process, the whole upper sampling mechanism 41 is arranged in a U shape, the first sampling chamber 411 and the second sampling chamber 417 can be formed by internal thread occlusion and external welding, the interfaces on two sides sample a standard ferrule interface, two ends of one upper sampling mechanism 41 are respectively connected with two high-pressure ball valves, and the inlets and outlets at the two ends are on the same plane; the first inlet valve 412 is transversely arranged in front of the first sampling chamber 411, one end of the first inlet valve is connected with a sample, and the other end of the first inlet valve is connected with the high pressure-maintaining energy storage device 1 through a pipe.

Example 6

More specifically, the disturbance rejection frame 5 comprises a frame main body 51, an active adjusting wing 52, a hydraulic push rod 53, a positioning nail 54, a fixed support plate 55, a moving plate 56, a seat plate 57, a control cabin 58 and a shock absorption group 59; wherein: the active adjusting wing 52 is fixedly arranged at the top of the frame main body 51 and electrically connected with the control cabin 58; the hydraulic push rod 53 is fixedly arranged on the fixed supporting plate 55, the telescopic section of the hydraulic push rod is in contact with the moving plate 56, and the control end of the hydraulic push rod is electrically connected with the control cabin 58; the control cabin 58 is provided with a wireless communication module for information interaction with the outside; the seat plate 57 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the frame main body 51; the positioning pin 54 is fixedly connected with the frame main body 51 through the shock absorbing set 59; the positioning nail 54 sequentially penetrates through the seat plate 57, the fixed support plate 55 and the moving plate 56 from bottom to top and is fixedly connected with the fixed support plate 55; the high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1 is fixedly arranged on the seat plate 57, and the gradient drilling device 3 passes through the seat plate 57 and the fixed support plate 55 and is fixed on the moving plate 56; the upper sampling mechanism 41 is arranged on the upper surface of the fixed supporting plate 55; the lower sampling mechanism 42 is disposed on the lower surface of the fixed support plate 55.

In the specific implementation process, the frame main body 51 is a rectangular frame and is formed by welding round pipes, and the seating plate 57 is welded at the bottom of the frame main body; the falling seat plate 57 is designed with 4 trapezoidal seating support blocks, four vertical round tubes of the frame main body 51 are connected with a shock absorption group 59 through screws, the shock absorption group 59 consists of 8 shock absorption spring devices from top to bottom, the other end of each shock absorption group 59 is connected to four vertical positioning nails 54 through threads, and the shock absorption group 59 enables the device to resist vibration disturbance when a person sits and receives impact; the front end of the positioning nail 54 is designed to be pointed, the whole device is more convenient to fix and stabilize, meanwhile, the fixed supporting plate 55 is sleeved on the positioning nail 54 and is welded and positioned in the middle, the moving plate 56 is sleeved on the positioning nail 54 through a linear bearing and can move up and down, a hydraulic push rod 53 is installed between the fixed supporting plate 55 and the moving plate 56 through a screw, when the hydraulic push rod 53 is pressurized, the moving plate 56 moves up and down, otherwise, the control cabin 58 is installed at the top, the outer sides of the two control cabins 58 are respectively connected with the active adjusting wing 52 through the hydraulic push rod, and the active adjusting wing 52 can always be in a vertical posture through the posture sensor feedback information real-time adjusting device.

In the specific implementation process, the high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1 is directly seated on the seat plate 57, the lower sampling mechanism 42 is fixed on the bottom surface of the fixed support plate 55 on the rack through the ball valve mounting seat, the four-sequence upper sampling mechanism 41 is transversely installed around the gradient drilling device 3 on the periphery of the fixed support plate 55, and the four peristaltic pumps and the matched hydraulic motors are fixedly installed on the back surface of the fixed support plate 55.

In the specific implementation process, among the pressure relief valves 33 in the gradient formula drilling device 3, single pressure relief valve port passes through the hose and connects 5 fixed support plates of disturbance rejection frame 55 upper sampling mechanism 41 import ball valves respectively, upper sampling mechanism 41 export ball valve passes through the water sample inlet connection head 111 of hose connection high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1, the epaxial water sample outlet connection head 112 of high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1 axis passes through hose connection to lower floor's sampling mechanism 42 import ball valve, lower floor's sampling mechanism 42 export ball valve passes through hose connection to the inlet of peristaltic pump head, the outlet of peristaltic pump passes through hose connection to external environment, accomplish holistic sampling process.

In the specific implementation process, electronic elements such as a control circuit, an active adjusting circuit and the like are arranged in the control cabin 58, one end of an interface of the control cabin 58 is connected to the high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1 and the gradient type drilling device 3, and the other end of the interface is connected to the deep sea submersible vehicle, so that the active adjusting wing 52, the hydraulic push rod 53 and the like can be controlled. The hydraulic motor of the disturbance resisting frame 5 is connected to a hydraulic pump of the deep sea submersible, and the adopted hydraulic motor adopts a general circuit technology, which is not described in detail in the scheme. In a similar way, the circuit control and the sensing signal transmission involved in the scheme are all general technologies, and are not repeated.

In the specific implementation process, the working principle of the method is as follows:

a preparation stage: firstly, taking out a second piston 13 in a cavity 11 of the high-pressure-maintaining energy storage device 1, filling clean deionized water into the areas 1-C and 1-B, then installing the second piston 13, installing a pressure-maintaining gas transmission end cover 15 at the bottom, simultaneously unscrewing a double-layer nut 1544, rotating an adjusting shaft 153 by using a wrench to enable the pressure-maintaining gas transmission end cover 15 to be in an inflatable state, connecting a gas transmission high-pressure air pump, filling 10% of the pressure of a sample in situ into the areas 1-D, after the inflation is completed, rotating the adjusting shaft 153 by using the wrench to enable the pressure-maintaining gas transmission end cover 15 to be in a gas locking state, screwing the double-layer nut 1544 to lock, and closing the high-pressure air pump; similarly, taking out the third piston 323 in the gradient drilling device 3, filling clean deionized water into the 3-B area, then installing the third piston 323, connecting the top high-pressure air pump connector 321 with an air transmission high-pressure air pump, filling 10% of the original position pressure of the sample into the 3-A area, after the air inflation is completed, closing the high-pressure air pump connector 321, closing the high-pressure air pump, and installing the auxiliary device end cover 322; after the steps are completed, each single-sequence high-pressure-maintaining energy storage device 1 is respectively connected with an upper layer sampling mechanism 41 and a lower layer sampling mechanism 42 and is installed and fixed on an anti-disturbance rack 5, meanwhile, a gradient type drilling device 3 is installed on the anti-disturbance rack 5, in a pressure relief valve group 33 in the gradient type drilling device 3, a single pressure relief valve port is respectively connected with a first inlet valve 412 of the upper layer sampling mechanism 41 of a rack fixed supporting plate 55 through a hose, a first outlet valve 413 of the upper layer sampling mechanism 41 is connected with a water sample inlet connector 111 at the periphery of a cavity 11 through a hose, a water sample outlet connector 112 on the axis of the cavity 11 is connected to a first inlet valve of the lower layer sampling mechanism 42 through a hose, a first outlet valve of the lower layer sampling mechanism 42 is connected to an inlet of a peristaltic pump head through a hose, an outlet of the peristaltic pump is connected to the external environment through a hose, and a middle first connecting valve 414 is opened, The second connection valve 415 and the third connection valve 418 close the first inlet valve 412 and the first outlet valve 413, and the fidelity internal circuit is smooth; the work is completed in the preparation stage

A sampling stage: after the set depth is reached, the motor rotates slowly, so that the first outlet valve 413 is opened slowly after the first inlet valve 412 is opened slowly, the first inlet valve and the first outlet valve are opened intermittently, the hydraulic motor is started to rotate the peristaltic pump, and the whole device is in a circulation state; at the moment, a hydraulic push rod 53 on the disturbance resisting frame 5 is adjusted to push the gradient drilling device 3 to slowly advance downwards for drilling, and a sealing end cover 3416 at the front end of the gradient drilling device 3 is opened, so that the sample sequentially enters 3-F, 3-E, 3-D and 3-C, then enters the upper sampling mechanism 41, then enters the region 1-A in the high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1, and finally flows into the external environment through a peristaltic pump after entering the lower sampling mechanism 42; after the entire sampling is completed, the samples in the inner-layer gradient sampling cavity main body 3411 of the gradient drilling device 3 are distributed from bottom to top in the sediment, seawater, microorganism, macroorganisms and dissolved gas samples, and the flow sample chambers of the upper-layer sampling mechanism 41 and the lower-layer sampling mechanism 42 are filled with water samples.

And (3) fidelity rising stage: because the high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1 and the active refrigerating device 2 are arranged, when the pressure of a water sample in the sample cavity is gradually reduced, the energy gas in the cavity 11 in the high pressure maintaining energy storage device 1 pushes the second piston 13, namely the liquid-gas circulation piston, so as to push the first piston 12, namely the liquid-liquid circulation piston, so as to compensate the pressure of the sample cavity and slightly flush the original pressure of the sample; meanwhile, the active refrigerating device 2 is used for refrigerating the sediment sample cabin for temperature compensation.

In the specific implementation process, the deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device provided by the invention is simple in structure, good in air tightness, and modular in design of each part, and can quickly replace a main body gradient type sampling mechanism; nitrogen with different volumes is filled in the high pressure-maintaining energy storage device 1, two transmission pistons in the device are used for adjusting pressure compensation of samples with different depths, the pressure of the samples can be maintained to be basically unchanged, the sampling speed can be adjusted by installing slow flow hole position compensation pieces with different apertures, so that the disturbance of the bottom layer in-situ samples is reduced, meanwhile, an active refrigerating device in the gradient drilling device 3 is used for refrigerating and compensating the temperature of the samples, and therefore, original acquisition information is kept; the maximum sampling core depth of the sample acquisition device reaches 700mm below the seabed, the maximum sample column center diameter reaches 200mm, the maximum in-situ sampling amount in the sampling mechanism 4 can reach 2000ml, the maximum sampling depth can reach 6000m (the highest pressure maintaining 60Mpa) under water, and the heat preservation range is between 6 ℃ below zero and 6 ℃. The deep sea combustible ice enrichment device is simple to operate under the deep sea condition, the sampling mechanism 4 can be replaced quickly, the device can be used repeatedly and quickly, the deep sea combustible ice enrichment device can be widely applied to sampling the seabed in the deep sea combustible ice enrichment area, a foundation is laid for developing and utilizing seabed resources, and the deep sea combustible ice enrichment device has a good prospect.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (21)

1. A deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device is characterized by comprising a high pressure maintaining energy storage device (1), an active refrigerating device (2), a gradient type drilling device (3), a sampling mechanism (4) and an anti-disturbance rack (5); the high pressure maintaining energy storage device (1), the gradient drilling device (3) and the sampling mechanism (4) are all fixedly arranged on the disturbance resisting frame (5); the active refrigerating device (2) is arranged inside the gradient drilling device (3); wherein:

the gradient drilling device (3) is fixed at the central position of the disturbance resisting frame (5); the sampling mechanism (4) comprises an upper layer sampling mechanism (41) and a lower layer sampling mechanism (42); the gradient drilling device (3) is used for collecting a deep sea sample and outputting the liquid sample to the upper layer sampling mechanism (41), the deep sea sample passes through the upper layer sampling mechanism (41), is input into the high pressure maintaining energy storage device (1), is output to the lower layer sampling mechanism (42) through the high pressure maintaining energy storage device (1), and finally completes the sampling process;

the high-pressure-maintaining energy storage device (1) is used for maintaining pressure in the sampling process, and the active refrigerating device (2) is used for preserving heat in the sampling process.

2. The deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the high pressure-maintaining energy storage device (1) comprises a cavity (11), a first piston (12), a second piston (13), a connecting layer (14) and a pressure-maintaining gas-conveying end cover (15); wherein:

the cavity (11) is of a hollow structure with one closed end and one open end, and the pressure maintaining gas transmission end cover (15) is fixedly arranged at the open end of the cavity (11) and is detachably connected with the cavity (11);

the closed end of the cavity (11) is provided with a water sample inlet connector (111) and a water sample outlet connector (112), and the cavity (11) is communicated with the upper sampling mechanism (41) through the water sample inlet connector (111); the cavity (11) is communicated with the lower layer sampling mechanism (42) through the water sample outlet connector (112);

the first piston (12), the connecting layer (14) and the second piston (13) are sequentially arranged in a hollow structure in the cavity (11) from the closed end of the cavity (11) to the open end of the cavity (11), the first piston (12), the second piston (13) and the cavity (11) form sliding connection, the connecting layer (14) is fixedly arranged between the first piston (12) and the second piston (13), and a connecting channel (141) penetrating through the connecting layer (14) is arranged on the connecting layer (14);

and the high pressure maintaining energy storage device (1) inputs gas through the pressure maintaining gas transmission end cover (15).

3. The deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device of claim 2, wherein the water sample inlet connector (111) and the water sample outlet connector (112) are respectively provided with a sealing ring, and the water sample inlet connector (111) and the water sample outlet connector (112) are respectively fixedly connected with the closed end of the cavity (11) through the sealing rings.

4. The deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device of claim 2, characterized in that double layers of O-shaped sealing rings are arranged on the side surfaces of the first piston (12) and the second piston (13); the first piston (12) and the second piston (13) are in sliding connection with the cavity (11) through the double-layer O-shaped sealing ring.

5. The deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device of claim 2, wherein an external thread structure is arranged on the side surface of the connecting layer (14), an internal thread structure matched with the external thread structure is arranged on the inner surface of the cavity (11), and the connecting layer (14) is in threaded connection with the cavity (11) through the external thread structure and the internal thread structure.

6. The deep sea gradient multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device of claim 5, wherein the connecting layer (14) further comprises a positioning member (142); the cavity (11) is provided with a positioning connecting hole; the positioning piece (142) penetrates through the positioning connecting hole to fix the connecting layer (14) on the cavity (11).

7. The deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device of claim 6, wherein sealing rings are arranged at the contact positions of the positioning member (142) with the connecting layer (14) and the cavity (11).

8. The deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device of claim 2, wherein the pressure-maintaining gas transmission end cover (15) comprises an end cover main body (151), a gas transmission pipe (152), an adjusting shaft (153), a fixing component (154), a gas inlet and outlet joint (155) and a fixing piece (156); wherein:

the adjusting shaft (153) is fixedly arranged on the end cover main body (151) through a fixing component (154); a tubular structure with an adjusting valve is arranged in the adjusting shaft (153);

the gas pipe (152) is arranged on the end cover main body (151), one end of the gas pipe is communicated with the interior of the cavity (11), and the other end of the gas pipe is communicated with one end of the tubular structure of the adjusting shaft (153);

the other end of the tubular structure of the adjusting shaft (153) is fixedly connected with the gas inlet and outlet joint (155);

the end cover main body (151) is fixed on the cavity (11) through a fixing piece (156).

9. The deep sea gradient multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device of claim 8, wherein the fixing assembly (154) comprises a fixing plate (1541), a screw (1542), a spring washer (1543), a double-layer nut (1544); wherein: the adjusting shaft (153) is fixedly connected with the end cover main body (151) through a threaded structure;

the fixing plate (1541) is arranged around the adjusting shaft (153) and is fixedly arranged on the end cover main body (151) through the screw (1542);

the double-layer nut (1544) is fixed on the adjusting shaft (153) and is in contact with the screw (1542);

the spring washer (1543) is arranged between the double-layer nut (1544) and the adjusting shaft (153).

10. Deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the gradient type drilling device (3) comprises a device body (31), an auxiliary pressure maintaining energy storage device (32), a pressure relief valve joint (33) and a rotary drilling device (34); wherein:

the auxiliary pressure maintaining and energy storing device (32) is fixedly arranged at the upper half part of the device main body (31) and is used for realizing an auxiliary pressure maintaining function; the rotary drilling device (34) is fixedly arranged on the lower half part of the device main body (31) and is used for drilling a sample; the auxiliary pressure maintaining and energy storing device (32) is communicated with the interior of the rotary drilling device (34);

the pressure relief valve joint (33) is fixedly arranged on the device main body (31), one end of the pressure relief valve joint is communicated with the inside of the auxiliary pressure maintaining and energy storing device (32), and the other end of the pressure relief valve joint is connected with the upper sampling mechanism (41);

the active refrigerating device (2) is fixedly arranged inside the rotary drilling device (34) and used for preserving heat of a sample.

11. The deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device according to claim 10, wherein the auxiliary pressure-maintaining energy-storing device (32) comprises a high-pressure air pump joint (321), an auxiliary device end cover (322), a third piston (323), a fourth piston (324) and a through cavity (325); wherein:

the high-pressure air pump joint (321) is arranged on the auxiliary device end cover (322), and the interior of the high-pressure air pump joint is communicated with the through cavity (325);

the auxiliary device end cover (322) is fixedly arranged at one end of the through cavity (325) and is fixedly connected with the device main body (31);

the other end of the through cavity (325) is sleeved on the rotary drilling device (34) and forms a closed and communicated structure with the rotary drilling device (34);

the third piston (323) and the fourth piston (324) are sequentially arranged in the through cavity (325) from one end of the through cavity (325) close to the through cavity (325) to the other end of the through cavity (325);

the pressure relief valve joint (33) is communicated with the straight-through cavity (325).

12. Deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device according to claim 11, characterized in that an outer sleeve (311) is provided on the device body (31), the outer sleeve (311) being in threaded connection with the device body (31).

13. The deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device of claim 12, wherein a chamfer step opening is arranged on the surface of the device body (31), and the outer sleeve (311) is locked with the device body (31) through a flexible collar (312) arranged on the chamfer step opening.

14. Deep sea gradient multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device according to claim 11, characterized in that the rotary drilling device (34) comprises a gradient sampling cavity (341), a connection sleeve (342) and a drilling structure (343); wherein: the gradient sampling cavity (341) is fixed within the connection sleeve (342); one end of the connecting sleeve (342) is connected with the lower half part of the device main body (31) to communicate the gradient sampling cavity (341) with the through cavity (325); the other end of the connecting sleeve (342) is fixedly connected with the fixed end of the drilling structure (343).

15. The deep sea gradient multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device of claim 14, wherein the gradient sampling cavity (341) comprises a gradient sampling cavity body (3411), a rotary connection cavity body (3412), a rotary bearing (3413), a fine pore component spacing plate (3414), a coarse pore component spacing plate (3415) and a sealing end cap (3416); wherein:

the rotary bearing (3413) is fixedly arranged in the connecting sleeve (342);

one end of the rotary connecting cavity (3412) is communicated with the through cavity (325), the other end of the rotary connecting cavity is fixedly connected with one end of the gradient sampling cavity body (3411), and the rotary connecting cavity (3412) is communicated with the interior of the gradient sampling cavity body (3411);

the end sealing cover (3416) is arranged at the opening at the other end of the gradient sampling cavity body (3411);

the rotary connecting cavity (3412) is arranged on the rotary bearing (3413);

the fine pore component spacing plate (3414) and the coarse pore component spacing plate (3415) are sequentially arranged on a structure formed by connecting the rotary connecting cavity (3412) and the gradient sampling cavity body (3411) from the end of the rotary connecting cavity (3412) close to the through cavity (325) to the end of the sealing end cover (3416).

16. The deep sea gradient multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device of claim 14, wherein the drilling structure (343) comprises a stationary shoulder (3431) and a rotary drill bit (3432); the rotary drill bit (3432) is fixed inside the fixed shaft shoulder (3431), and the fixed shaft shoulder (3431) is in threaded connection with the connecting sleeve (342).

17. Deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device according to any of the claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the active refrigeration device (2) comprises a temperature detection ring (21), a refrigeration medium (22) and a refrigeration component (23); wherein:

the temperature detection ring (21) is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the gradient sampling cavity (341) and is used for detecting the temperature of a sample in the gradient sampling cavity (341);

the refrigerating medium (22) is arranged in a small cavity formed between the gradient sampling cavity (341) and the straight-through cavity (325);

the refrigerating part (23) is arranged in the refrigerating medium (22) and fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the gradient sampling cavity (341).

18. The deep sea gradient-type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the upper sampling mechanism (41) comprises a first sampling chamber (411), a first inlet valve (412) and a first outlet valve (413) which are arranged on the first sampling chamber (411) and one end of which is communicated with the first sampling chamber (411); wherein:

the first sampling cabin (411) is fixedly arranged on the disturbance-resistant rack (5);

the other end of the first inlet valve (412) is connected with the gradient drilling device (3);

one end of the first outlet valve (413) is communicated with the first sampling cabin (411), and the other end of the first outlet valve is communicated with the high-pressure-maintaining energy storage device (1).

19. The deep sea gradient-type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device according to claim 18, wherein the upper sampling mechanism (41) further comprises a first connection valve (414), a second connection valve (415), a connection hose (416) and a second sampling chamber (417); wherein:

one end of the first connecting valve (414) is communicated with the first sampling cabin (411), and the other end of the first connecting valve is communicated with the connecting hose (416);

the other end of the connecting hose (416) is communicated with one end of the second connecting valve (415);

the other end of the second connecting valve (415) is communicated with the second sampling cabin (417).

20. The deep sea gradient multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device of claim 19, wherein the upper sampling mechanism (41) further comprises a third connecting valve (418); one end of the third connecting valve (418) is communicated with the second sampling cabin (417), and the other end of the third connecting valve is used for realizing the extended connection of the sampling mechanism (4).

21. The deep sea gradient type multi-dimensional in-situ fidelity sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 16 and 19 to 20, wherein the disturbance-resistant frame (5) comprises a frame body (51), active adjusting wings (52), a hydraulic push rod (53), positioning nails (54), a fixed support plate (55), a moving plate (56), a seating plate (57), a control cabin (58) and a shock absorption group (59); wherein:

the active adjusting wing (52) is fixedly arranged at the top of the frame main body (51) and is electrically connected with the control cabin (58);

the hydraulic push rod (53) is fixedly arranged on the fixed supporting plate (55), the telescopic section of the hydraulic push rod is in contact with the moving plate (56), and the control end of the hydraulic push rod is electrically connected with the control cabin (58);

the control cabin (58) is provided with a wireless communication module for information interaction with the outside;

the seat plate (57) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the frame main body (51);

the positioning nail (54) is fixedly connected with the rack main body (51) through the shock absorption set (59);

the positioning nails (54) sequentially penetrate through the seat plate (57), the fixed supporting plate (55) and the moving plate (56) from bottom to top and are fixedly connected with the fixed supporting plate (55);

the high pressure maintaining energy storage device (1) is fixedly arranged on the seat plate (57), and the gradient drilling device (3) penetrates through the seat plate (57) and the fixed support plate (55) and is fixed on the movable plate (56); the upper layer sampling mechanism (41) is arranged on the upper surface of the fixed supporting plate (55); the lower layer sampling mechanism (42) is arranged on the lower surface of the fixed supporting plate (55).

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