CN114046930A - Calibration method for underground weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple - Google Patents
Calibration method for underground weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple Download PDFInfo
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- CN114046930A CN114046930A CN202111273684.9A CN202111273684A CN114046930A CN 114046930 A CN114046930 A CN 114046930A CN 202111273684 A CN202111273684 A CN 202111273684A CN 114046930 A CN114046930 A CN 114046930A
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L25/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring force, torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency
- G01L25/003—Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring force, torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency for measuring torque
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Abstract
The invention discloses a calibration method of a downhole bit pressure torque measurement nipple, belonging to the technical field of downhole drilling engineering and being characterized by comprising the following steps: a. according to the working condition needing to be calibrated, the drilling pressure and torque calibration device is installed and connected; b. adopting weights to load the bit pressure and torque for the measuring short section; c. drawing a weight, dial value and bit pressure torque value curve chart in software, and calibrating the bit pressure torque of the measuring short section; d. and (4) loading the measuring short section through a motor or a hydraulic device, and calibrating the measuring short section. The invention can reduce the weight of the weight, improve the calibration precision and simultaneously improve the calibration efficiency, and has the characteristics of high calibration precision of the large-range measuring short section and convenient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground while-drilling engineering, in particular to a calibration method of an underground bit pressure torque measurement nipple.
Background
The underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system can measure engineering parameters such as underground drilling pressure, torque, temperature, pressure and the like in real time, accurately master underground working conditions, and timely discover and correctly process premonitory signs of underground complex conditions. The measuring nipple of the underground multi-parameter measurement while drilling system generally measures the underground weight and torque by a strain principle, and after the measuring nipple is used for a certain time, the measured electric signal and the real stress can drift, so that the measurement of the weight and the torque is inaccurate, and the calibration of the weight and the torque becomes very important. At present, the weight-on-bit torque calibration is usually realized by applying load by combining a force arm with a fixed length and a weight which can increase or decrease the weight/number by adopting a lever principle, and the calibration of a measuring pup joint is realized. The method has simple calibration process, but the lever transmission ratio is small, the weight of the weight needs to be reduced by a very long force arm, the long force arm is easy to deform to influence the calibration precision, the workload of repeatedly carrying the weight is large, and the calibration efficiency is low.
Chinese patent publication No. CN 1948708, published as 2020, 07, 28 discloses a method for calibrating weight-on-bit and torque, which comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, installing the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument between the chuck and the force transmission column, fixing the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument, pressing the large rotating arm on the force transmission column, and transmitting the force to the top of the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument by the force transmission column;
s2, connecting a data acquisition board of the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument and a data acquisition computer by using a data playback line, supplying power through a USB interface of the computer, and establishing communication with the computer through a serial port;
s3, measuring strain gauge bridge circuit output voltage of the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument by using an 8-bit half-digital multimeter, and recording software data to test bit pressure output zero point;
s4, hanging a weight A with the weight of 1000kg or 2000kg at the right end of the large rotating arm, placing for 2-3 h, observing the drifting condition, measuring the strain gauge bridge output voltage of the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument by using an 8-bit half-digital multimeter, recording software data, testing whether the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument drilling pressure strain gauge bridge drifts, and carrying out formal loading and unloading calibration if no obvious drift exists;
s5, hanging weights A at the right end of the large rotating arm by 1, 2 and 3 step by step until the number of the weights A is enough, measuring the output voltage of a drilling pressure strain gauge bridge circuit of the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument by using an 8-bit half-digital multimeter during each weight A adding, and recording software data;
s6, gradually removing weights A at the right end of the large rotating arm until only 1 weight A is left, measuring the drilling pressure strain gage bridge output voltage of the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument by using an 8-bit half-digital multimeter when the weights A are removed each time, and recording software data;
s7, A, B, C three stress points are arranged on the large rotating arm, and if the large rotating arm is balanced under the action of the gravity G of the weight A and the bit pressure WOB borne on the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument, the large rotating arm has the following functions according to the lever static force balance principle:
G×AC＝WOB×AB
wherein AB is the distance from the stress point A to the stress point B, AC is the distance from the stress point A to the stress point C, and the weight on bit WOB applied to the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument obtained by transforming the above formula is as follows:
s8, performing linear fitting on the recorded output voltage digital signal and the applied bit pressure WOB to obtain a bit pressure output zero reference value and a corresponding conversion relation;
the torque calibration comprises the following steps:
s1, clamping the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument between the left clamp holder fixed hinge and the right clamp holder fixed hinge, fixing a small rotating arm at one end of the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument, and applying the torsional force of the small rotating arm to the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument;
s2, connecting a data acquisition board of the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument and a data acquisition computer by using a data playback line, supplying power through a USB interface of the computer, and establishing communication with the computer through a serial port;
s3, measuring the bridge output voltage of the strain gauge torque strain gauge of the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument by using an 8-bit half-digital multimeter, and recording software data to test a torque output zero point;
s4, hanging a weight B with the weight of 500kg at the free end of the small rotating arm, placing for 2-3 h, observing the drift condition, measuring the output voltage of a torque strain gauge bridge circuit of the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument by using an 8-bit half-digital multimeter, recording software data to test whether the torque strain gauge bridge circuit of the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument drifts or not, and carrying out formal loading and unloading calibration if no obvious drift exists;
s5, hanging weights B at the free end of the small rotating arm step by 1, 2 and 3 until the number of the weights B is enough, measuring the output voltage of a torque strain sheet bridge circuit of the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument by using an 8-bit half-digital multimeter during weight adding B each time, and recording software data;
s6, gradually removing weights B at the right end of the small rotating arm until only 1 weight B is left, measuring the output voltage of a torque strain gauge bridge circuit of the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument by using an 8-bit half-digital multimeter when the weight B is removed each time, and recording software data;
s7, the small rotating arm is stressed by D, E points, if the small rotating arm is balanced under the action of the gravity G of the weight B and the torque TOB stressed on the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument, and the included angle between DE and the horizontal position is theta, the torque TOB exerted on the underground engineering parameter measuring instrument is as follows according to the lever static force balance principle:
TOB × DE × cos θ, where DE is the distance between the D force point and the E force point;
and S8, performing linear fitting on the recorded output voltage digital signal and the applied torque to obtain a torque output zero reference value and a corresponding conversion relation.
The weight and torque calibration method disclosed in the patent document has the advantages that the weight mass is large when a large-range measurement is calibrated and the time is short, the cross beam is easy to deform, the calibration precision is influenced, the weight is transported repeatedly with large workload, and the calibration efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a calibration method of the underground weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple, which can reduce the weight of a weight, improve the calibration precision and simultaneously improve the calibration efficiency and has the characteristics of high calibration precision of a wide-range measurement nipple and convenience in operation.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a calibration method for a downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. according to the working condition needing to be calibrated, the drilling pressure and torque calibration device is installed and connected;
b. adopting weights to load the bit pressure and torque for the measuring short section;
c. drawing a weight, dial value and bit pressure torque value curve chart in software, and calibrating the bit pressure torque of the measuring short section;
d. and (4) loading the measuring short section through a motor or a hydraulic device, and calibrating the measuring short section.
In the step a, the drilling pressure torque calibration device comprises a base, a short section fixing support, a short section righting support, a screw support, a worm wheel support, a worm support and a motor support are fixedly connected to the base, a short section fixing head is connected to the short section fixing support, a measuring short section is arranged between the short section fixing support and the short section righting support, a short section conversion head is connected to the measuring short section, a screw is arranged between the screw support and the short section righting support and is connected to the screw support through threads, a variable connecting sleeve is connected to one end of the screw, the short section conversion head is connected to the variable connecting sleeve, a worm wheel shaft is arranged between the worm wheel support and the screw support, a worm wheel is mounted on the worm wheel shaft, a transmission connecting sleeve is connected to one end of the worm wheel shaft, the other end of the worm wheel shaft is mounted on the worm wheel support, the other end of the screw is connected to the transmission connecting sleeve, and a worm matched with the worm wheel is mounted on the worm support, the motor support is fixed with a motor, the motor is connected with a clutch, one end of a worm is connected with the clutch, the other end of the worm is connected with a reel, two steel wire ropes in opposite directions are wound on the reel, and a loading weight tray and an unloading weight tray are connected to the steel wire ropes.
The dial is installed on the reel, and the worm support is provided with scale marks for observing the rotation angle of the worm wheel.
In the step a, the working conditions needing to be calibrated comprise a bit pressure working condition, a torque working condition and a composite working condition needing to be calibrated for the measuring short section, and the connection of the bit pressure and torque calibrating device is carried out according to different working conditions, so that the acting force on the weight or the motor is transmitted to the measuring short section.
In step b, the weight-on-bit torque loading specifically comprises:
s1, connecting a data communication line on the test port of the measuring nipple, connecting the other end of the data communication line to a computer, opening ground processing software, recording bit pressure data and torque data displayed in the ground processing software, and respectively taking the bit pressure data and the torque data as a bit pressure zero point signal and a torque zero point signal;
s2, firstly, ensuring that the motor is closed, using weights to load the measuring short section, gradually adding weights at the lower end of the steel wire rope, stopping adding the weights when the bit pressure or torque displayed on the ground processing software reaches a measuring range position, standing for more than 2h, recording the bit pressure or torque value on the ground processing software every 5min, and if the bit pressure or torque does not change greatly, calibrating a rack;
s3, when loading, adding weights at the lower end of the steel wire rope, recording the weight of the weights, the value of the dial and the bit pressure torque value in the ground processing software when the dial on the worm wheel rotates by 1 scale until the bit pressure torque range of the measuring nipple is increased;
s4, when unloading, reducing the weight of the weight under the steel wire rope, adding the weight on the unloading weight tray, and recording the weight of the weight, the dial value and the weight-on-bit torque value in the ground processing software when the dial on the worm wheel rotates reversely for 1 scale until the weight of the weight is reduced to 0.
In the step c, the measuring of the calibration of the bit pressure and the torque of the pup joint specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating the relation between the weight and the output force of the weight and torque calibration device;
s2, drawing and calculating a relationship curve of the bit pressure, the torque and the weight of the weight as a calibration reference curve, drawing a relationship curve of the bit pressure, the torque value and the weight of the weight in ground processing software, and correcting data measured by the measuring short section by comparing the difference value of the bit pressure and the torque of the two curves;
and S3, drawing a curve of the dial reading and the weight of the weight.
The relation between the weight and the output force of the calculated bit pressure and torque calibration device specifically means that the transmission ratio of a worm gear and a worm is i, the torque on the worm is T1, the torque on the measuring nipple is T2, the transmission efficiency is eta, the lead screw lift angle is alpha, the lead screw friction angle is psi, the bit pressure on the measuring nipple is P, the radius of the lead screw is R, the weight is G, and the radius of a reel is R;
when the bit pressure is measured, the bit pressure P = i eta RG/rtan (alpha + psi) output to the measuring nipple
When torque is measured, the torque T2= i η T1= = i η RG output to the measuring nipple.
In the step d, the measuring short section calibration specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, when in a calibration mode, a motor is used as a power source to replace a weight for loading or unloading;
s2, before calibration, according to the relation curve of the dial reading on the worm wheel and the weight of the weight, the worm and gear mechanism is driven by the motor to rotate to load the measuring short section, when the dial reading is the reading corresponding to the maximum weight of the weight, the loading is stopped, the loading state is kept for more than 2h, the drilling pressure or the torque value on the ground processing software is recorded every 5min, and if the drilling pressure or the torque does not change greatly, the rack calibration is carried out;
s3, when calibration loading is carried out, the worm gear and the worm are driven to move through the motor, the dial on the worm gear is rotated by 1 scale each time to simulate weight loading, the dial value and the bit pressure torque value in the ground processing software are recorded until the bit pressure torque range of the measuring nipple is increased;
and S4, drawing curves among the weight of the bit, the torque and the weight of the weight output by the ground processing software, and completing calibration of the measuring short section through comparison.
And the clutch is used for disconnecting the weight when the weight is loaded or unloaded and combining the weight when the motor is loaded and unloaded.
The diameter of the measuring nipple is larger than that of the lead screw.
The basic principle of the invention is as follows:
according to the working condition needing to be calibrated, the drilling pressure and torque calibration device is installed and connected, the weight is used for loading the drilling pressure and torque for the measuring nipple, a graph of the weight, a dial value and the drilling pressure and torque value in ground processing software is drawn, the drilling pressure and torque for the measuring nipple is calibrated, and the measuring nipple is loaded and calibrated through the motor.
When the bit pressure calibration is carried out, the measuring nipple is only stressed and is not affected by torque, after the calibration device is connected, weights are not placed on the unloading scale tray, the weights are gradually added on the loading scale tray, the reel rotates anticlockwise to drive the worm shaft and the worm gear to rotate, the worm gear shaft transmits torque to the screw rod through the transmission connecting sleeve, the screw rod transmits pressure to the nipple conversion head through the variable connecting sleeve, and axial pressure is applied to the measuring nipple; the moment is amplified through the large reduction ratio of the worm gear and the worm, and the application of large axial force is realized; in the unloading process, weights are added on the unloading weight tray, and meanwhile, the weights on the loading weight tray are reduced, so that the screw rod and the worm gear rotate reversely, and the axial load on the measuring nipple is continuously reduced.
When the torque calibration is carried out, the measuring short section is only under the action of torque and no pressure; after the calibration device is connected, when torque is loaded, the same principle as the transmission process of bit pressure loading is carried out, weights are not placed on the unloading scale tray, the weights are gradually added on the loading scale tray, the reel rotates anticlockwise to drive the worm shaft and the worm gear to rotate, the worm gear shaft transmits torque to the screw rod through the transmission connecting sleeve, the screw rod transmits the torque to the nipple conversion head through the variable connecting sleeve, and in the torque transmission process, the screw rod rotates to apply torque to the variable connecting sleeve, the nipple conversion head and the measuring nipple, but axial load cannot be applied to the measuring nipple, so that independent loading of the torque is realized; in the unloading process, weights are added on the unloading weight tray, and meanwhile, the weights on the loading weight tray are reduced, so that the screw rod and the worm gear rotate reversely, and the axial load on the measuring nipple is continuously reduced.
Through the loading process, the actual load loaded on the measuring nipple can be calculated by utilizing the weight of the weight and the conversion of the transmission ratio, and the calibration of the measuring nipple is realized. On the other hand, the positions of the dial scales under different loads are recorded, the worm shaft can be driven by the motor to rotate to the same position, and the quick loading and unloading of the measuring nipple are achieved.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly shown in the following aspects:
1. according to the invention, the measuring short section can be directly calibrated through the weight, the weight can be used for calibrating the bit pressure and torque calibrating device, and then the bit pressure and torque calibrating device is used for calibrating the measuring short section, so that the weight calibration efficiency can be greatly improved; can improve when reducing weight, improve and mark the precision and mark efficiency, have the short section of wide range measurement and mark the precision height, simple operation's characteristics.
2. According to the invention, the worm gear mechanism and the lead screw nut mechanism are adopted to realize large reduction ratio transmission, a measuring short section with a large range can be calibrated by using a small weight, the deformation of components is small in the calibration process, and the calibration precision can be further improved.
3. According to the invention, the lead screw, the spline sleeve and the thrust bearing are organically combined, so that the independent transmission of the bit pressure and the torque is realized, only one thrust bearing needs to be changed during the calibration and conversion of the bit pressure and the torque, other short section installation is not needed, and the calibration and conversion are more flexible and convenient.
4. According to the invention, in the drilling pressure and torque output process, the large deformation of the rod does not exist, so that the precision in the calibration process can be improved.
5. According to the invention, the whole drilling pressure and torque calibration device utilizes a clutch principle to realize the conversion of transmitted drilling pressure and torque, utilizes the lead screw mechanism to amplify axial thrust, utilizes the worm gear mechanism to amplify torque, establishes a relation through the rotation angle of the dial on the worm gear and the weight of the weight, firstly calibrates the test device through the weight, and then utilizes the motor to drive the worm to rotate, so that not only can the calibration efficiency be improved, but also the calibration precision can be improved.
6. The invention can be used for applying dynamic bit pressure and torque to the measuring nipple and testing the dynamic response characteristic of the strain sensor when the gauge is not calibrated.
7. According to the invention, the clutch principle is utilized to perform the clutch of torque transmission of the lead screw, the worm gear shaft and the short section transmission shaft, so that the load application under different working conditions can be rapidly realized, and the application is more flexible.
8. According to the invention, the screw rod mechanism and the worm gear mechanism are organically combined, so that the pressure and the torque can be amplified, and further, the large bit pressure and the large torque output can be realized.
9. According to the invention, the weights are firstly used for accurately calibrating, then the weights and the dial are used, the motor provides power to quickly calibrate the short section, and the control precision can be effectively ensured.
Drawings
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the weight-on-bit torque calibration device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a reel according to the present invention;
the labels in the figure are: 1. the device comprises a base, 2, a support fixing bolt, 3, a nipple fixing support, 4, a nipple fixing head, 5, a measuring nipple, 6, a nipple righting support, 7, a nipple conversion head, 8, a variable connecting sleeve, 10, a lead screw, 11, a lead screw support, 12, a transmission connecting sleeve, 13, a worm wheel shaft, 14, a worm wheel support, 15, a worm wheel, 16, a loading weight disc, 17, a steel wire rope, 18, a dial disc, 19, a winding wheel, 20, a worm, 21, a worm support, 22, a motor support, 23, a clutch, 24, a motor, 25 and an unloading weight disc.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-4, a calibration method for a downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple comprises the following steps:
a. according to the working condition needing to be calibrated, the drilling pressure and torque calibration device is installed and connected;
b. adopting weights to load the bit pressure and torque of the measuring nipple 5;
c. drawing a weight, a dial 18 value and a drilling pressure torque value curve chart in software, and calibrating the drilling pressure torque of the measuring nipple 5;
d. and loading the measuring short section 5 through a motor 24 or a hydraulic device, and calibrating the measuring short section 5.
The embodiment is the most basic implementation mode, not only can the measuring nipple 5 be directly calibrated through a weight, but also the weight can be used for calibrating the weight-on-bit torque calibration device firstly, and then the weight-on-bit torque calibration device is used for calibrating the measuring nipple 5, so that the weight calibration efficiency can be greatly improved; can improve when reducing weight, improve and mark the precision and mark efficiency, it is high to have a wide range measurement nipple joint 5 to mark the precision, simple operation's characteristics.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1-4, a calibration method for a downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple comprises the following steps:
a. according to the working condition needing to be calibrated, the drilling pressure and torque calibration device is installed and connected;
b. adopting weights to load the bit pressure and torque of the measuring nipple 5;
c. drawing a weight, a dial 18 value and a drilling pressure torque value curve chart in software, and calibrating the drilling pressure torque of the measuring nipple 5;
d. and loading the measuring short section 5 through a motor 24 or a hydraulic device, and calibrating the measuring short section 5.
In the step a, the drilling pressure torque calibration device comprises a base 1, a short section fixing support 3, a short section righting support 6, a screw support 11, a worm gear support 14, a worm support 21 and a motor support 22 are fixedly connected to the base 1, a short section fixing head 4 is connected to the short section fixing support 3, a measuring short section 5 is arranged between the short section fixing support 3 and the short section righting support 6, a short section conversion head 7 is connected to the measuring short section 5, a screw 10 is arranged between the screw support 11 and the short section righting support 6, the screw 10 is connected to the screw support 11 through threads, one end of the screw 10 is connected with a variable connecting sleeve 8, the short section conversion head 7 is connected with the variable connecting sleeve 8, a worm gear shaft 13 is arranged between the worm gear support 14 and the screw support 11, a worm gear 15 is arranged on the worm gear shaft 13, one end of the worm gear shaft 13 is connected with a transmission connecting sleeve 12, and the other end of the worm gear shaft 13 is arranged on the worm gear support 14, the other end of the screw rod 10 is connected with a transmission connecting sleeve 12, a worm 20 matched with the worm wheel 15 is installed on a worm support 21, a motor 24 is fixed on a motor support 22, a clutch 23 is connected on the motor 24, one end of the worm 20 is connected with the clutch 23, the other end of the worm 20 is connected with a winding wheel 19, two steel wire ropes 17 in opposite directions are wound on the winding wheel 19, and a loading scale plate 16 and an unloading scale plate 25 are connected on the steel wire ropes 17.
The reel 19 is provided with a dial 18, and the worm support 21 is provided with scale marks for observing the rotating angle of the worm wheel 15.
The embodiment is a preferred embodiment, the worm wheel 15 and worm 20 mechanism and the lead screw 10 nut mechanism are adopted to realize large reduction ratio transmission, the measuring short section 5 with a large range can be calibrated by using a small weight, the deformation of parts is small in the calibration process, and the calibration precision can be improved.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1-4, a calibration method for a downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple comprises the following steps:
a. according to the working condition needing to be calibrated, the drilling pressure and torque calibration device is installed and connected;
b. adopting weights to load the bit pressure and torque of the measuring nipple 5;
c. drawing a weight, a dial 18 value and a drilling pressure torque value curve chart in software, and calibrating the drilling pressure torque of the measuring nipple 5;
d. and loading the measuring short section 5 through a motor 24 or a hydraulic device, and calibrating the measuring short section 5.
In the step a, the drilling pressure torque calibration device comprises a base 1, a short section fixing support 3, a short section righting support 6, a screw support 11, a worm gear support 14, a worm support 21 and a motor support 22 are fixedly connected to the base 1, a short section fixing head 4 is connected to the short section fixing support 3, a measuring short section 5 is arranged between the short section fixing support 3 and the short section righting support 6, a short section conversion head 7 is connected to the measuring short section 5, a screw 10 is arranged between the screw support 11 and the short section righting support 6, the screw 10 is connected to the screw support 11 through threads, one end of the screw 10 is connected with a variable connecting sleeve 8, the short section conversion head 7 is connected with the variable connecting sleeve 8, a worm gear shaft 13 is arranged between the worm gear support 14 and the screw support 11, a worm gear 15 is arranged on the worm gear shaft 13, one end of the worm gear shaft 13 is connected with a transmission connecting sleeve 12, and the other end of the worm gear shaft 13 is arranged on the worm gear support 14, the other end of the screw rod 10 is connected with a transmission connecting sleeve 12, a worm 20 matched with the worm wheel 15 is installed on a worm support 21, a motor 24 is fixed on a motor support 22, a clutch 23 is connected on the motor 24, one end of the worm 20 is connected with the clutch 23, the other end of the worm 20 is connected with a winding wheel 19, two steel wire ropes 17 in opposite directions are wound on the winding wheel 19, and a loading scale plate 16 and an unloading scale plate 25 are connected on the steel wire ropes 17.
The reel 19 is provided with a dial 18, and the worm support 21 is provided with scale marks for observing the rotating angle of the worm wheel 15.
In the step a, the working conditions needing to be calibrated comprise a bit pressure working condition, a torque working condition and a composite working condition needing to be calibrated for the measuring short section 5, and the connection of the bit pressure and torque calibrating device is carried out according to different working conditions, so that the acting force on the weight or the motor 24 is transmitted to the measuring short section 5.
In step b, the weight-on-bit torque loading specifically comprises:
s1, connecting a data communication line on the test port of the measuring nipple 5, connecting the other end of the data communication line to a computer, opening ground processing software, recording bit pressure data and torque data displayed in the ground processing software, and respectively taking the bit pressure data and the torque data as a bit pressure zero point signal and a torque zero point signal;
s2, firstly, ensuring that the motor 24 is closed, loading the measuring nipple 5 by using weights, gradually adding weights at the lower end of the steel wire rope 17, stopping adding the weights when the bit pressure or torque displayed on the ground processing software reaches a measuring range position, standing for more than 2h, recording the bit pressure or torque value on the ground processing software every 5min, and calibrating a rack if the bit pressure or torque does not change greatly;
s3, when loading, adding weights at the lower end of the steel wire rope 17, recording the weight of the weights, the value of the dial 18 and the bit pressure torque value in the ground processing software when the dial 18 on the worm wheel 15 rotates by 1 scale until the bit pressure torque range of the measuring nipple 5 is increased;
s4, when unloading, the weight is reduced under the steel wire rope 17, the weight is added on the unloading weight tray 25, and when the dial 18 on the worm wheel 15 rotates reversely for 1 scale, the weight, the dial 18 value and the weight-on-bit torque value in the ground processing software are recorded until the weight is reduced to 0.
The embodiment is a further preferred embodiment, the lead screw 10, the spline sleeve and the thrust bearing are organically combined, so that the independent transmission of the bit pressure and the torque is realized, only one thrust bearing needs to be changed when the bit pressure and the torque are calibrated and converted, other short section installation is not needed, and the calibration and conversion are more flexible and convenient.
In the process of bit pressure and torque output, the large deformation of the rod does not exist, and the precision in the calibration process can be further improved.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 1-4, a calibration method for a downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple comprises the following steps:
a. according to the working condition needing to be calibrated, the drilling pressure and torque calibration device is installed and connected;
b. adopting weights to load the bit pressure and torque of the measuring nipple 5;
c. drawing a weight, a dial 18 value and a drilling pressure torque value curve chart in software, and calibrating the drilling pressure torque of the measuring nipple 5;
d. and loading the measuring short section 5 through a motor 24 or a hydraulic device, and calibrating the measuring short section 5.
In the step a, the drilling pressure torque calibration device comprises a base 1, a short section fixing support 3, a short section righting support 6, a screw support 11, a worm gear support 14, a worm support 21 and a motor support 22 are fixedly connected to the base 1, a short section fixing head 4 is connected to the short section fixing support 3, a measuring short section 5 is arranged between the short section fixing support 3 and the short section righting support 6, a short section conversion head 7 is connected to the measuring short section 5, a screw 10 is arranged between the screw support 11 and the short section righting support 6, the screw 10 is connected to the screw support 11 through threads, one end of the screw 10 is connected with a variable connecting sleeve 8, the short section conversion head 7 is connected with the variable connecting sleeve 8, a worm gear shaft 13 is arranged between the worm gear support 14 and the screw support 11, a worm gear 15 is arranged on the worm gear shaft 13, one end of the worm gear shaft 13 is connected with a transmission connecting sleeve 12, and the other end of the worm gear shaft 13 is arranged on the worm gear support 14, the other end of the screw rod 10 is connected with a transmission connecting sleeve 12, a worm 20 matched with the worm wheel 15 is installed on a worm support 21, a motor 24 is fixed on a motor support 22, a clutch 23 is connected on the motor 24, one end of the worm 20 is connected with the clutch 23, the other end of the worm 20 is connected with a winding wheel 19, two steel wire ropes 17 in opposite directions are wound on the winding wheel 19, and a loading scale plate 16 and an unloading scale plate 25 are connected on the steel wire ropes 17.
The reel 19 is provided with a dial 18, and the worm support 21 is provided with scale marks for observing the rotating angle of the worm wheel 15.
In the step a, the working conditions needing to be calibrated comprise a bit pressure working condition, a torque working condition and a composite working condition needing to be calibrated for the measuring short section 5, and the connection of the bit pressure and torque calibrating device is carried out according to different working conditions, so that the acting force on the weight or the motor 24 is transmitted to the measuring short section 5.
In step b, the weight-on-bit torque loading specifically comprises:
s1, connecting a data communication line on the test port of the measuring nipple 5, connecting the other end of the data communication line to a computer, opening ground processing software, recording bit pressure data and torque data displayed in the ground processing software, and respectively taking the bit pressure data and the torque data as a bit pressure zero point signal and a torque zero point signal;
s2, firstly, ensuring that the motor 24 is closed, loading the measuring nipple 5 by using weights, gradually adding weights at the lower end of the steel wire rope 17, stopping adding the weights when the bit pressure or torque displayed on the ground processing software reaches a measuring range position, standing for more than 2h, recording the bit pressure or torque value on the ground processing software every 5min, and calibrating a rack if the bit pressure or torque does not change greatly;
s3, when loading, adding weights at the lower end of the steel wire rope 17, recording the weight of the weights, the value of the dial 18 and the bit pressure torque value in the ground processing software when the dial 18 on the worm wheel 15 rotates by 1 scale until the bit pressure torque range of the measuring nipple 5 is increased;
s4, when unloading, the weight is reduced under the steel wire rope 17, the weight is added on the unloading weight tray 25, and when the dial 18 on the worm wheel 15 rotates reversely for 1 scale, the weight, the dial 18 value and the weight-on-bit torque value in the ground processing software are recorded until the weight is reduced to 0.
In the step c, the measuring of the bit weight and the torque of the pup joint 5 specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating the relation between the weight and the output force of the weight and torque calibration device;
s2, drawing and calculating a relationship curve of the bit pressure, the torque and the weight of the weight as a calibration reference curve, drawing a relationship curve of the bit pressure, the torque value and the weight of the weight in ground processing software, and correcting data measured by the measuring nipple 5 by comparing the difference value of the bit pressure and the torque of the two curves;
and S3, drawing a curve of the dial 18 reading and the weight of the weight.
In the embodiment, the whole weight-on-bit torque calibration device utilizes the principle of the clutch 23 to realize the conversion of transmitted weight-on-bit and torque, utilizes the screw rod 10 mechanism to amplify axial thrust, utilizes the worm wheel 15 and worm 20 mechanism to amplify torque, establishes a relation through the rotating angle of the dial 18 on the worm wheel 15 and weight of the weight, calibrates the test device through the weight first, and then utilizes the motor 24 to drive the worm 20 to rotate, thereby not only improving the calibration efficiency, but also improving the calibration precision.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 1-4, a calibration method for a downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple comprises the following steps:
a. according to the working condition needing to be calibrated, the drilling pressure and torque calibration device is installed and connected;
b. adopting weights to load the bit pressure and torque of the measuring nipple 5;
c. drawing a weight, a dial 18 value and a drilling pressure torque value curve chart in software, and calibrating the drilling pressure torque of the measuring nipple 5;
d. and loading the measuring short section 5 through a motor 24 or a hydraulic device, and calibrating the measuring short section 5.
In the step a, the drilling pressure torque calibration device comprises a base 1, a short section fixing support 3, a short section righting support 6, a screw support 11, a worm gear support 14, a worm support 21 and a motor support 22 are fixedly connected to the base 1, a short section fixing head 4 is connected to the short section fixing support 3, a measuring short section 5 is arranged between the short section fixing support 3 and the short section righting support 6, a short section conversion head 7 is connected to the measuring short section 5, a screw 10 is arranged between the screw support 11 and the short section righting support 6, the screw 10 is connected to the screw support 11 through threads, one end of the screw 10 is connected with a variable connecting sleeve 8, the short section conversion head 7 is connected with the variable connecting sleeve 8, a worm gear shaft 13 is arranged between the worm gear support 14 and the screw support 11, a worm gear 15 is arranged on the worm gear shaft 13, one end of the worm gear shaft 13 is connected with a transmission connecting sleeve 12, and the other end of the worm gear shaft 13 is arranged on the worm gear support 14, the other end of the screw rod 10 is connected with a transmission connecting sleeve 12, a worm 20 matched with the worm wheel 15 is installed on a worm support 21, a motor 24 is fixed on a motor support 22, a clutch 23 is connected on the motor 24, one end of the worm 20 is connected with the clutch 23, the other end of the worm 20 is connected with a winding wheel 19, two steel wire ropes 17 in opposite directions are wound on the winding wheel 19, and a loading scale plate 16 and an unloading scale plate 25 are connected on the steel wire ropes 17.
The reel 19 is provided with a dial 18, and the worm support 21 is provided with scale marks for observing the rotating angle of the worm wheel 15.
In the step a, the working conditions needing to be calibrated comprise a bit pressure working condition, a torque working condition and a composite working condition needing to be calibrated for the measuring short section 5, and the connection of the bit pressure and torque calibrating device is carried out according to different working conditions, so that the acting force on the weight or the motor 24 is transmitted to the measuring short section 5.
In step b, the weight-on-bit torque loading specifically comprises:
s1, connecting a data communication line on the test port of the measuring nipple 5, connecting the other end of the data communication line to a computer, opening ground processing software, recording bit pressure data and torque data displayed in the ground processing software, and respectively taking the bit pressure data and the torque data as a bit pressure zero point signal and a torque zero point signal;
s2, firstly, ensuring that the motor 24 is closed, loading the measuring nipple 5 by using weights, gradually adding weights at the lower end of the steel wire rope 17, stopping adding the weights when the bit pressure or torque displayed on the ground processing software reaches a measuring range position, standing for more than 2h, recording the bit pressure or torque value on the ground processing software every 5min, and calibrating a rack if the bit pressure or torque does not change greatly;
s3, when loading, adding weights at the lower end of the steel wire rope 17, recording the weight of the weights, the value of the dial 18 and the bit pressure torque value in the ground processing software when the dial 18 on the worm wheel 15 rotates by 1 scale until the bit pressure torque range of the measuring nipple 5 is increased;
s4, when unloading, the weight is reduced under the steel wire rope 17, the weight is added on the unloading weight tray 25, and when the dial 18 on the worm wheel 15 rotates reversely for 1 scale, the weight, the dial 18 value and the weight-on-bit torque value in the ground processing software are recorded until the weight is reduced to 0.
In the step c, the measuring of the bit weight and the torque of the pup joint 5 specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating the relation between the weight and the output force of the weight and torque calibration device;
s2, drawing and calculating a relationship curve of the bit pressure, the torque and the weight of the weight as a calibration reference curve, drawing a relationship curve of the bit pressure, the torque value and the weight of the weight in ground processing software, and correcting data measured by the measuring nipple 5 by comparing the difference value of the bit pressure and the torque of the two curves;
and S3, drawing a curve of the dial 18 reading and the weight of the weight.
The relation between the weight and the output force of the calculated bit pressure and torque calibration device specifically means that the transmission ratio of a worm wheel 15 and a worm 20 is i, the torque on the worm 20 is T1, the torque on the measuring nipple 5 is T2, the transmission efficiency is eta, the lift angle of a lead screw 10 is alpha, the friction angle of the lead screw 10 is psi, the bit pressure on the measuring nipple 5 is P, the radius of the lead screw 10 is R, the weight is G, and the radius of a reel 19 is R;
when the bit pressure is measured, the bit pressure P = i eta RG/rtan (alpha + psi) output to the measuring nipple 5
When torque is measured, the torque T2= i η T1= = i η RG output to the measuring sub 5.
In the step d, the calibrating of the measuring nipple 5 specifically comprises:
s1, when the calibration mode is carried out, the motor 24 is adopted as a power source to replace the weight for loading or unloading;
s2, before calibration, according to the relation curve of the dial 18 reading on the worm wheel 15 and the weight of the weight, the worm wheel 15 and the worm 20 mechanism are driven by the motor 24 to rotate to load the measuring nipple 5, when the dial 18 reading is the reading corresponding to the maximum weight of the weight, the loading is stopped, the loading state is kept for more than 2h, the drilling pressure or the torque value on the ground processing software is recorded every 5min, and if the drilling pressure or the torque does not change greatly, the bench calibration is carried out;
s3, when calibration loading is carried out, the worm wheel 15 and the worm 20 are driven to move through the motor 24, the dial 18 on the worm wheel 15 is rotated for 1 scale each time to simulate weight loading, the value of the dial 18 and the bit pressure torque value in ground processing software are recorded until the bit pressure torque range of the measuring nipple 5 is increased;
and S4, drawing curves among the weight of the bit, the torque and the weight of the weight output by the ground processing software, and completing calibration of the measuring short section 5 through comparison.
The clutch 23 is used for disconnecting when the weight is loaded or unloaded and combining when the motor 24 is loaded or unloaded.
The diameter of the measuring nipple 5 is larger than that of the lead screw 10.
The embodiment is the best implementation mode, and can be used for applying dynamic weight and torque to the measuring nipple 5 and testing the dynamic response characteristics of the strain sensor when the calibration is not carried out.
By utilizing the principle of the clutch 23, the clutch of the torque transmission of the screw rod 10, the worm wheel shaft 13 and the short section transmission shaft is carried out, the load application under different working conditions can be rapidly realized, and the application is more flexible.
By organically combining the screw rod 10 mechanism and the worm wheel 15 and worm 20 mechanism, the amplification of pressure and torque can be realized, and further, the large bit pressure and large torque output can be realized.
Firstly, the weight is used for accurate calibration, then the weight and the dial 18 are used, the motor 24 provides power to quickly calibrate the short joint, and the control precision can be effectively guaranteed.
Claims (10)
1. A calibration method for a downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. according to the working condition needing to be calibrated, the drilling pressure and torque calibration device is installed and connected;
b. adopting weights to load the bit pressure and torque of the measuring nipple (5);
c. drawing a weight, a dial (18) value and a drilling pressure torque value curve chart in software, and calibrating the drilling pressure torque of the measuring nipple (5);
d. and the measuring short section (5) is loaded through a motor (24) or a hydraulic device, and the measuring short section (5) is calibrated.
2. The method for calibrating the downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple according to claim 1, wherein: in the step a, the drilling pressure torque calibration device comprises a base (1), a short section fixing support (3), a short section righting support (6), a lead screw support (11), a worm gear support (14), a worm support (21) and a motor support (22) are fixedly connected to the base (1), a short section fixing head (4) is connected to the short section fixing support (3), a measuring short section (5) is arranged between the short section fixing support (3) and the short section righting support (6), a short section conversion head (7) is connected to the measuring short section (5), a lead screw (10) is arranged between the lead screw support (11) and the short section righting support (6), the lead screw (10) is connected to the lead screw support (11) through threads, a variable connecting sleeve (8) is connected to one end of the lead screw (10), the short section conversion head (7) is connected to the variable connecting sleeve (8), a worm gear shaft (13) is arranged between the worm gear support (14) and the lead screw support (11), the worm gear mechanism is characterized in that a worm gear (15) is mounted on a worm gear shaft (13), one end of the worm gear shaft (13) is connected with a transmission connecting sleeve (12), the other end of the worm gear shaft (13) is mounted on a worm gear support (14), the other end of a lead screw (10) is connected with the transmission connecting sleeve (12), a worm (20) matched with the worm gear (15) is mounted on a worm support (21), a motor (24) is fixed on a motor support (22), a clutch (23) is connected on the motor (24), one end of the worm (20) is connected with the clutch (23), the other end of the worm (20) is connected with a reel (19), two steel wire ropes (17) in opposite directions are wound on the reel (19), and a loading scale (16) and an unloading scale (25) are connected on the steel wire ropes (17).
3. The method for calibrating the downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple according to claim 2, wherein: a dial (18) is mounted on the reel (19), and scale marks for observing the rotation angle of the worm wheel (15) are arranged on the worm support (21).
4. The method for calibrating the downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple according to claim 1, wherein: in the step a, the working conditions needing to be calibrated comprise a bit pressure working condition, a torque working condition and a composite working condition needing to be calibrated for the measuring short section (5), and the connection of the bit pressure and torque calibrating device is carried out according to different working conditions, so that the acting force on the weight or the motor (24) is transmitted to the measuring short section (5).
5. The method for calibrating the downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple according to claim 2, wherein: in step b, the weight-on-bit torque loading specifically comprises:
s1, connecting a data communication line on the test port of the measuring nipple (5), connecting the other end of the data communication line to a computer, opening ground processing software, recording bit pressure data and torque data displayed in the ground processing software, and respectively using the bit pressure data and the torque data as a bit pressure zero point signal and a torque zero point signal;
s2, firstly, ensuring that the motor (24) is closed, loading the measuring short section (5) by using weights, gradually adding weights at the lower end of the steel wire rope (17), stopping adding the weights when the bit pressure or torque displayed on the ground processing software reaches a measuring range position, standing for more than 2h, recording the bit pressure or torque value on the ground processing software every 5min, and calibrating a rack if the bit pressure or torque does not change greatly;
s3, adding weights at the lower end of the steel wire rope (17) during loading, recording the weight of the weights, the value of the dial (18) and the bit pressure torque value in the ground processing software when the dial (18) on the worm wheel (15) rotates by 1 scale until the bit pressure torque range of the measuring nipple (5) is increased;
s4, when unloading, weight is reduced under the steel wire rope (17), weights are added on the unloading weight tray (25), and when the dial (18) on the worm wheel (15) rotates reversely by 1 scale, the weight, the dial (18) value and the weight-on-bit torque value in the ground processing software are recorded until the weight is reduced to 0.
6. The method for calibrating the downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple according to claim 1, wherein: in the step c, the measuring of the bit weight and the torque calibration of the pup joint (5) specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating the relation between the weight and the output force of the weight and torque calibration device;
s2, drawing and calculating a relation curve of the bit pressure, the torque and the weight of the weight as a calibration reference curve, drawing a relation curve of the bit pressure, the torque value and the weight of the weight in ground processing software, and correcting data measured by the measuring nipple (5) by comparing the difference value of the bit pressure and the torque of the two curves;
and S3, drawing a curve of the dial (18) reading and the weight of the weight.
7. The method for calibrating the downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple according to claim 1, wherein: the relation between the weight and the output force of the calculated bit pressure and torque calibration device specifically means that the transmission ratio of a worm wheel (15) and a worm (20) is i, the torque on the worm (20) is T1, the torque on the measuring nipple (5) is T2, the transmission efficiency is eta, the lead screw (10) lead angle is alpha, the lead screw (10) friction angle is psi, the bit pressure on the measuring nipple (5) is P, the radius of the lead screw (10) is R, the weight is G, and the radius of a reel (19) is R;
when the bit pressure is measured, the bit pressure P = i eta RG/rtan (alpha + psi) output to the measuring nipple (5)
When measuring torque, the torque T2= i η T1= = i η RG output to the measuring nipple (5).
8. The method for calibrating the downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple according to claim 1, wherein: in the step d, the calibrating of the measuring short section (5) specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, when the calibration mode is carried out, the motor (24) is used as a power source to replace the weight for loading or unloading;
s2, before calibration, according to a relation curve of the reading of the dial (18) on the worm wheel (15) and the weight of the weight, the worm wheel (15) and the worm (20) mechanism are driven by the motor (24) to rotate to load the measuring nipple (5), when the reading of the dial (18) is the reading corresponding to the maximum weight of the weight, the loading is stopped, the loading state is kept for more than 2h, the bit pressure or the torque value on the ground processing software is recorded every 5min, and if the bit pressure or the torque does not change greatly, the calibration of the bench is carried out;
s3, when calibration loading is carried out, the worm wheel (15) and the worm (20) are driven to move through the motor (24), the dial (18) on the worm wheel (15) is rotated by 1 scale each time to simulate weight loading, the value of the dial (18) and the weight-on-bit torque value in ground processing software are recorded until the weight-on-bit torque range of the measuring nipple (5) is increased;
and S4, drawing curves among the weight of the bit, the torque and the weight of the weight output by the ground processing software, and completing calibration of the measuring short section (5) through comparison.
9. The method for calibrating the downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple according to claim 2, wherein: the clutch (23) is used for disconnecting when the weight is loaded or unloaded and combining when the motor (24) is loaded or unloaded.
10. The method for calibrating the downhole weight-on-bit torque measurement nipple according to claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the measuring nipple (5) is larger than that of the lead screw (10).
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4811597A (en) * | 1988-06-08 | 1989-03-14 | Smith International, Inc. | Weight-on-bit and torque measuring apparatus |
| CN109781340A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-21 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of bit pressure and torque rating test device and scaling method |
| CN109779616A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-21 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of method of downhole weight on bit and torque measurement |
| CN210323086U (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2020-04-14 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司 | Complete machine rotating speed calibration device for underground short section measurement |
| CN211452821U (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-09-08 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Device for calibrating drilling pressure and torque of downhole drilling tool |
-
2021
- 2021-10-29 CN CN202111273684.9A patent/CN114046930B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4811597A (en) * | 1988-06-08 | 1989-03-14 | Smith International, Inc. | Weight-on-bit and torque measuring apparatus |
| CN109781340A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-21 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of bit pressure and torque rating test device and scaling method |
| CN109779616A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-21 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of method of downhole weight on bit and torque measurement |
| CN210323086U (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2020-04-14 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司 | Complete machine rotating speed calibration device for underground short section measurement |
| CN211452821U (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-09-08 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Device for calibrating drilling pressure and torque of downhole drilling tool |
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