CN114045491A - Surface processing method for aluminum alloy casting - Google Patents
Surface processing method for aluminum alloy casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN114045491A CN114045491A CN202111542447.8A CN202111542447A CN114045491A CN 114045491 A CN114045491 A CN 114045491A CN 202111542447 A CN202111542447 A CN 202111542447A CN 114045491 A CN114045491 A CN 114045491A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
- C09D163/10—Epoxy resins modified by unsaturated compounds
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/08—Anti-corrosive paints
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
- C25D11/24—Chemical after-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
- C08K2003/327—Aluminium phosphate
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surface processing method of an aluminum alloy casting, which comprises the following steps: s1, electrolysis; s2, heat treatment; s3, surface grinding and polishing; s4, immersing the glass substrate into a surface treatment liquid for surface treatment, wherein the surface treatment liquid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 7.5-15% of polycarboxylate, 8-16% of nonionic surfactant, 4-8% of polyvinyl alcohol, 12-20% of citric acid, 5-10% of aminosilane coupling agent and the balance of deionized water; and S5, spraying corrosion-resistant paint, and forming a protective layer after curing. The heat treatment improves the adaptability of the aluminum alloy casting to temperature change and improves the fatigue property and the strength of the aluminum alloy casting. And after the surface treatment, the protective layer is directly sprayed, and the adhesive force between the protective layer and the aluminum alloy casting base layer is improved by the coupling agent of polyvinyl alcohol and amino silane in the surface treatment liquid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface processing of aluminum alloy castings, in particular to a surface processing method of an aluminum alloy casting.
Background
The intercooler is a turbocharging matching part and is used for reducing the temperature of the supercharged high-temperature air so as to reduce the heat load of the engine and improve the air inflow, thereby increasing the power of the engine. The aluminum alloy has the advantages of low density, high strength and good corrosion resistance, and is widely applied to components such as an intercooler and the like.
With the wide application of aluminum alloys, the requirements for aluminum alloy castings are also continuously increasing. Patent publication No. CN108048891A discloses a surface processing method for aluminum alloy castings, which comprises acid electrolysis, alkali electrolysis, heat treatment, surface treatment, grinding and polishing treatment, and spraying a metal protective layer. The surface processing method of the aluminum alloy casting carries out multiple treatments on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting, the aluminum alloy casting can adapt to the acid condition and the alkaline condition through acid-base electrolysis, and the adaptability of the aluminum alloy casting to the temperature change can be enhanced through heat treatment; the surface treatment step is positioned between the heat treatment and the grinding and polishing treatment, so that the loss generated in the polishing and polishing process is reduced.
However, the applicant finds that after the step of polishing and burnishing the protective layer is sprayed, and before the step of polishing and burnishing the surface treatment is sprayed, the bonding force between the protective layer and the aluminum alloy casting base layer (the aluminum alloy casting base layer is a part except the protective layer) can be reduced, and the surface treatment liquid is a mixed liquid of an aluminum fluoride aqueous solution, an aluminum silicate aqueous solution, nickel sulfate and copper sulfate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the binding force between the protective layer and the aluminum alloy casting base layer, the application provides a surface processing method for the aluminum alloy casting.
In a first aspect, the application provides a surface processing method for an aluminum alloy casting, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a surface processing method for an aluminum alloy casting comprises the following steps:
s1, electrolyzing the primarily formed aluminum alloy casting;
s2, carrying out heat treatment on the electrolyzed aluminum alloy casting;
s3, performing surface grinding and polishing treatment on the aluminum alloy casting subjected to heat treatment;
s4, immersing the aluminum alloy casting subjected to surface grinding and polishing treatment into surface treatment liquid for surface treatment; the surface treatment liquid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 7.5-15% of polycarboxylate, 8-16% of nonionic surfactant, 4-8% of polyvinyl alcohol, 12-20% of citric acid, 5-10% of aminosilane coupling agent and the balance of deionized water;
and S5, spraying corrosion-resistant paint on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting soaked in the surface treatment solution, and curing to form a protective layer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the protective layer is directly sprayed after the surface treatment, the polyvinyl alcohol and the aminosilane coupling agent in the surface treatment liquid improve the adhesive force between the coating and the aluminum alloy casting base layer, which probably is because the aminosilane coupling agent not only can be partially crosslinked with the components in the corrosion-resistant coating, and the hydrogen bond action between the polyvinyl alcohol and the aminosilane coupling agent improves the adhesive property of the aluminum alloy casting soaked by the surface treatment liquid, simultaneously also improves the activity of the nonionic surfactant, improves the stability and the permeability of the surface treatment liquid, thereby ensuring that the protective layer is not easy to fall off, and improving the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy casting.
In addition, the surface processing treatment of the aluminum alloy casting comprises the step of carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy casting after electrolysis, wherein the heat treatment can release the forging residual stress and the quenching residual stress of the aluminum alloy casting, so that the adaptability of the aluminum alloy casting to temperature change is improved, and the fatigue property and the strength of the aluminum alloy casting are improved.
Preferably, the corrosion-resistant coating consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 10-20% of metal corrosion inhibitor, 3-5% of aluminum tripolyphosphate, 5-10% of epoxy acrylic resin, 3-7% of curing agent, 2-4% of mercaptosilane coupling agent, 3-5% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the balance of deionized water.
By adopting the technical scheme, the metal corrosion inhibitor and the aluminum tripolyphosphate can inhibit the corrosion of the aluminum alloy casting; the epoxy acrylic resin and the mercapto silane coupling agent improve the adhesion between the aluminum alloy casting coating and the base layer, because the epoxy acrylic resin and the mercapto silane coupling agent are partially crosslinked, and the mercapto silane coupling agent can improve the binding force among all components of the corrosion-resistant coating. In addition, the epoxy acrylic resin can be partially crosslinked with an aminosilane coupling agent on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting soaked in the surface treatment solution, so that the adhesive force between the coating of the aluminum alloy casting and the base layer is improved. The components of the corrosion-resistant coating enable the film forming effect of the surface of the aluminum alloy casting to be better, and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy casting is improved.
Preferably, the epoxy acrylic resin is prepared by mixing epoxy resin modified polyurethane acrylate resin and organic silicon modified epoxy acrylate according to the mass ratio of 1 (1.2-1.8).
More preferably, the mass ratio of the epoxy resin modified urethane acrylate resin to the silicone modified epoxy acrylate is 1: 1.5.
The polyurethane chain segment with strong flexibility is introduced to the main chain of the epoxy resin by the epoxy resin modified polyurethane acrylate resin, so that the flexibility and the cohesiveness of the epoxy acrylate resin are improved; the organic silicon modified epoxy acrylate contains-Si-O-bonds, has large bond energy, can reduce the internal stress of the epoxy acrylate resin, and can also increase the toughness of the epoxy acrylate resin. The applicant unexpectedly finds that the epoxy resin modified urethane acrylate resin and the organic silicon modified epoxy acrylate act together in the research process, particularly when the mass ratio of the epoxy resin modified urethane acrylate resin to the organic silicon modified epoxy acrylate is 1:1.5, the cross-linking parts of the epoxy resin modified urethane acrylate resin, the organic silicon modified epoxy acrylate and the mercapto silane coupling agent are obviously increased, the adhesion of the corrosion-resistant coating to the aluminum alloy casting can be obviously improved, and the salt spray resistance of the aluminum alloy casting is also excellent.
Preferably, the curing agent is 4, 4' -diaminodiphenyl sulfone.
The 4,4 '-diamino diphenyl sulfone belongs to aromatic amine, has excellent curing effect, the nitrogen on the amino group ensures that the 4, 4' -diamino diphenyl sulfone has antirust effect, and the aromatic amine, the epoxy resin modified polyurethane acrylate resin and the organic silicon modified epoxy acrylate have higher crosslinking density, thereby obviously improving the adhesive force between the protective layer and the base layer of the aluminum alloy casting, ensuring that the protective layer is not easy to fall off and improving the salt spray resistance of the aluminum alloy casting.
Preferably, the metal corrosion inhibitor is prepared by mixing thiourea, chromate and 6-amino-2-mercaptobenzothiazole according to the mass ratio of 1 (0.6-0.8) to 0.1-0.2.
The chromate has a passivation effect and can improve the compactness and the adhesive force of an oxide film on the surface of an aluminum alloy casting, the thiourea and the 6-amino-2-mercaptobenzothiazole can inhibit anode corrosion and can also inhibit cathode corrosion, and the thiourea, the chromate and the 6-amino-2-mercaptobenzothiazole are compounded to be used as a metal corrosion inhibitor, so that the corrosion resistance is better, the thiourea, the chromate and other components of the corrosion-resistant coating can also act together, the combination among the components of the corrosion-resistant coating is improved, and the adhesive force of the aluminum alloy casting coating and a base layer is improved.
Preferably, the nonionic surfactant is prepared by mixing isotridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, ethoxy propoxy mosaic fatty alcohol and triethanolamine oleate according to the mass ratio of 1 (1.5-2.5) to (3-3.5).
The heterogeneous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, the ethoxy propoxy segmented fatty alcohol and the triethanolamine oleate are compounded to serve as a nonionic surfactant, so that the stability of the surface treatment liquid can be improved, the surface treatment liquid is uniformly distributed on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting subjected to surface grinding and polishing treatment, and the surface treatment liquid can be stably fixed on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting subjected to surface grinding and polishing treatment, so that the adhesive force between the base layer and the protective layer of the aluminum alloy casting is improved, the protective layer is not easy to fall off, and the salt spray resistance of the aluminum alloy casting is excellent. The reason is probably that the isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether and the ethoxy propoxy segmented fatty alcohol have branched chain structures and strong steric hindrance effect, and the isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, the ethoxy propoxy segmented fatty alcohol and the triethanolamine oleate are compounded to form carbon chain structures with different lengths and structures, so that the method is favorable for preventing the irregular flocculation of the polycarboxylate and improving the stability of the surface treatment liquid. And hydrogen bonds among the isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, the ethoxy propoxy segmented fatty alcohol, the triethanolamine oleate, the aminosilane coupling agent and the citric acid have strong effects, so that the adhesive force between the aluminum alloy casting soaked in the surface treatment solution and the protective layer is improved.
More preferably, the mass ratio of the isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, the ethoxy propoxy mosaic fatty alcohol and the oleic acid triethanolamine is 1:2.2: 3.3.
In the research process, the applicant finds that when the mass ratio of the isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, the ethoxy propoxy embedded fatty alcohol and the oleic acid triethanolamine is 1:2.2:3.3, the adhesive force between the base layer and the protective layer of the aluminum alloy casting is high, the protective layer is not easy to fall off, and the salt spray resistance of the aluminum alloy casting is excellent.
Preferably, the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 2000.
The polyvinyl alcohol with the polymerization degree of 2000 has excellent solubility in deionized water, improves the stability of the surface treatment liquid, enables the surface treatment liquid to be uniformly distributed on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting subjected to surface grinding and polishing treatment, has excellent film forming property and improves the strength of the surface treatment liquid, thereby improving the adhesive force between the aluminum alloy casting and the protective layer after being soaked by the surface treatment liquid.
Preferably, the temperature of the heat treatment is 500-650 ℃.
The temperature of the heat treatment is controlled to be 500-650 ℃, so that the forging residual stress and the quenching residual stress of the aluminum alloy casting can be released more conveniently, the adaptability of the aluminum alloy casting to temperature change is improved, and the fatigue performance and the strength of the aluminum alloy casting are improved.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the surface processing method for the aluminum alloy casting, the protective layer is directly sprayed after the surface is processed, and the adhesive force between the coating and the aluminum alloy casting base layer is improved by the coupling agent of polyvinyl alcohol and amino silane in the surface processing liquid; the surface processing treatment of the aluminum alloy casting comprises the step of carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy casting after electrolysis, wherein the heat treatment can release the forging residual stress and the quenching residual stress of the aluminum alloy casting, so that the adaptability of the aluminum alloy casting to temperature change is improved, and the fatigue property and the strength of the aluminum alloy casting are improved.
2. The application adopts the epoxy acrylic resin and the mercapto silane coupling agent, so that the adhesive force between the aluminum alloy casting coating and the base layer is improved.
3. According to the application, the epoxy resin modified polyurethane acrylate resin and the organic silicon modified epoxy acrylate are adopted to act together, the cross-linking parts of the epoxy resin modified polyurethane acrylate resin, the organic silicon modified epoxy acrylate and the mercapto silane coupling agent are obviously increased, the adhesive force of the corrosion-resistant coating to the aluminum alloy casting can be obviously improved, and the salt spray resistance of the aluminum alloy casting is also excellent.
4. The application adopts the compound of isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, ethoxy propoxy inserted fatty alcohol and triethanolamine oleate as the nonionic surfactant, not only can improve the stability of the surface treatment liquid, and make the surface treatment liquid uniformly distributed on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting after surface grinding and polishing treatment, but also can make the surface treatment liquid stably fixed on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting after surface grinding and polishing treatment, thereby improving the adhesive force of the aluminum alloy casting base layer and the protective layer, the protective layer is not easy to fall off, and the salt spray resistance of the aluminum alloy casting is better.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The starting materials used in the present application are all commercially available, among others;
polycarboxylate, model SN-5040, purchased from Nopock;
isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, model 1305, purchased from pioneer chemical technology ltd in Shenzhen city;
ethoxy propoxy mosaic fatty alcohol, model BL-240, purchased from solvay;
triethanolamine oleate, model CY-D2, available from Shandong Changyao New materials Co., Ltd;
polyvinyl alcohol with a polymerization degree of 1500 and a mark number of 15-99, and is purchased from Anhui vitamin;
polyvinyl alcohol with polymerization degree of 2000 and grade of 20-99, purchased from Wanwei;
polyvinyl alcohol with the polymerization degree of 2400 and the mark number of 24-99, and is purchased from Anhui vitamin;
aminosilane coupling agent, N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, CAS No. 1760-24-3, purchased from hong dao zhong cheng science and technology limited, Qingdao;
epoxy resin modified urethane acrylate resin, model WDS-8056, purchased from Wuxi Weidu electronic materials, Inc.; the organic silicon modified epoxy acrylate is SIAC-3090, and is purchased from Shanghai Limited company of complexing high-tech materials;
mercaptosilane coupling agents, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, CAS number 14814-09-6, available from the scientific Biotechnology Co., Ltd, of the Hua-Han-Hua-Zhi-Ke province;
sodium carboxymethylcellulose, cat # JSCW20201125, purchased from Jiangsu Banaba Biotech limited.
Preparation example
Preparation example 1 provides an acid electrolyte, which is prepared by the steps of:
15.2g of FeSO4And 42.6g of Al2(SO4)3Adding the mixture into 500mL of 0.1mol/L HCl aqueous solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain the acid electrolyte.
Preparation example 2 provides an alkaline electrolyte, which is prepared by the steps of:
40g NaOH, 78g Al (OH)3And 11g of KOH are added into 800mL of deionized water, and the mixture is uniformly stirred to obtain the alkaline electrolyte.
Preparation examples 3 to 13 provide surface treatment liquids, and the following description will be made by taking preparation example 3 as an example.
The surface treatment liquid provided in preparation example 3 was prepared by the steps of:
adding 75g of polycarboxylate, 80g of triethanolamine oleate, 40g of polyvinyl alcohol 15-99, 120g of citric acid and 50g N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane into 635g of deionized water, and uniformly stirring to obtain the surface treatment solution.
Preparation examples 4 to 5 were different from preparation example 3 in the quality of each component of the surface treatment liquid, and are specifically shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 preparation examples 3 to 5 Mass/g of each component of surface treatment liquid
Preparation example 6 was different from preparation example 5 in that polyvinyl alcohol 15 to 99 and the like was replaced with polyvinyl alcohol 20 to 99 in mass.
Preparation example 7 was different from preparation example 5 in that polyvinyl alcohol 15 to 99 and the like was replaced by polyvinyl alcohol 24 to 99.
Preparation examples 8 to 13 were different from preparation example 6 in the composition of the nonionic surfactant, and are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 PREPARATION EXAMPLES 6, 8-13 compositions of nonionic surfactants
Preparation examples 14 to 23 provide a corrosion-resistant coating, and the following description will be made by taking preparation example 14 as an example.
The preparation example 14 provides a corrosion-resistant coating, which is prepared by the following steps:
s1, mixing thiourea, sodium chromate and 6-amino-2-mercaptobenzothiazole according to the mass ratio of 1:0.6:0.1 to obtain the metal corrosion inhibitor;
s2, adding 10g of metal corrosion inhibitor, 3g of aluminum tripolyphosphate, 5g of epoxy resin modified polyurethane acrylate resin, 3g of ethylenediamine, 2g of 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and 3g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose into 74g of deionized water, and uniformly stirring to obtain the corrosion-resistant coating.
Preparation examples 15 to 16 were different from preparation example 14 in the quality of each component of the corrosion resistant coating, and are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 PREPARATION EXAMPLES 14 to 16 Corrosion-resistant coating compositions in terms of mass/g
Preparation examples 17 to 18 differ from preparation example 16 in the composition of the metal corrosion inhibitor, as shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 PREPARATION EXAMPLES 16-18 COMPOSITION OF METAL CORROSION INHIBITOR
| Preparation example | Composition of metal corrosion inhibitor |
| Preparation example 16 | Thiourea, sodium chromate and 6-amino-2-mercaptobenzothiazole are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:0.6:0.1 |
| Preparation example 17 | Thiourea, sodium chromate and 6-amino-2-mercaptobenzothiazole are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:0.8:0.2 |
| Preparation example 18 | Thiourea, sodium chromate and 6-amino groupThe (E) -2-mercaptobenzothiazole is mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:0.7:0.15 |
Preparation examples 19 to 22 were different from preparation example 18 in the composition of the epoxy acrylic resin, and are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 compositions of epoxy acrylic resins of preparation examples 18 to 22
Preparation 23 differs from preparation 22 in that ethylenediamine and the like are replaced by 4, 4' -diaminodiphenyl sulfone by mass.
Preparation of comparative example
Comparative example 1 was prepared, and a surface treatment liquid was provided, which was prepared by the steps of:
168g of AlF3、324g Al2SiO5、155g NiSO4And 79.6g of CuSO4Adding the mixture into 1000mL of deionized water, and uniformly mixing to obtain the surface treatment solution.
Comparative example 2 was prepared, differing from preparation example 3 in that polyvinyl alcohol 15-99 and the like was mass-replaced with N- (. beta. -aminoethyl) -gamma. -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane.
Comparative example 3 was prepared, which is different from preparation example 3 in that N- (. beta. -aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and the like were replaced by polyvinyl alcohol 15-99 in mass.
Examples
Examples 1 to 18 provide a surface treatment method for aluminum alloy castings, and the following description will be given by taking example 1 as an example.
The method for processing the surface of the aluminum alloy casting provided by the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the preliminarily formed aluminum alloy casting into an electrolytic tank, adding an acid electrolyte (from preparation example 1) into the electrolytic tank, and enabling the acid electrolyte to permeate the aluminum alloy casting at 45 ℃ and 4A/dm2The current density is electrolyzed for 120s, the electrolysis is taken out after the first electrolysis is finished, and the electrolysis is washed clean by deionized water and natural windDry-charged into an electrolytic cell, to which was added an alkaline electrolyte (from preparation example 2) and which was allowed to flow over the aluminum alloy castings at 60 ℃ and 4A/dm2Carrying out current density electrolysis for 60s, taking out after the second electrolysis is finished, washing the aluminum alloy casting clean by using deionized water, and naturally drying the aluminum alloy casting to obtain an electrolyzed aluminum alloy casting;
s2, heating the electrolyzed aluminum alloy casting to 500 ℃ for quenching treatment for 15min, then taking out the aluminum alloy casting, and naturally drying the aluminum alloy casting to obtain the aluminum alloy casting after heat treatment;
s3, performing surface grinding and polishing treatment on the aluminum alloy casting subjected to heat treatment;
s4, immersing the aluminum alloy casting subjected to surface grinding and polishing treatment into a surface treatment solution (from preparation example 3), and standing at 50 ℃ for 2h to obtain the aluminum alloy casting immersed in the surface treatment solution;
s5, spraying a corrosion-resistant coating (from preparation example 14) on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting immersed in the surface treatment solution, wherein the spraying amount is 1g/cm2And forming a protective film after UV curing to obtain the aluminum alloy casting after surface processing treatment.
Examples 2 to 3 are different from example 1 in the heat treatment temperature, the source of the surface treatment liquid, and the source of the corrosion resistant coating, and are specifically shown in table 6.
TABLE 6 temperature of heat treatment, source of surface treatment liquid, and source of corrosion resistant coating in examples 1 to 3
Examples 4-10, which differ from example 3 in the origin of the corrosion resistant coating, are shown in Table 7.
Table 7 examples 3-10 sources of corrosion resistant coatings
| Examples | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | Example 6 |
| Sources of corrosion resistant coatings | Preparation example 16 | Preparation example 17 | Preparation example 18 | Preparation example 19 |
| Examples | Example 7 | Example 8 | Example 9 | Example 10 |
| Sources of corrosion resistant coatings | Preparation example 20 | Preparation example 21 | Preparation example 22 | Preparation example 23 |
Examples 11 to 18 were different from example 10 in the source of the surface treatment liquid, and are shown in Table 8.
Table 8 examples 10-18 sources of surface treatment fluids
| Examples | Example 10 | Example 11 | Example 12 | Example 13 | Example 14 |
| Source of surface treatment fluid | Preparation example 5 | Preparation example 6 | Preparation example 7 | Preparation example 8 | Preparation example 9 |
| Examples | Example 15 | Example 16 | Example 17 | Example 18 | / |
| Source of surface treatment fluid | Preparation example 10 | Preparation example 11 | Preparation example 12 | Preparation example 13 | / |
Comparative example
Comparative examples 1 to 3, which are different from example 1 in the source of the surface treatment liquid, are shown in Table 9.
TABLE 9 sources of comparative examples 1-3 surface treatment fluids
Performance test the following performance test was performed on the surface-treated aluminum alloy castings provided in examples 1 to 18 and comparative examples 1 to 3 of the present application.
1. Adhesion force: the aluminum alloy castings after the surface treatment described in examples 1-18 and comparative examples 1-3 were tested for adhesion according to GB/T5210-2006, and the results are shown in Table 10.
2. Salt spray resistance: the salt spray resistance of the aluminum alloy castings after the surface treatment described in examples 1 to 18 and comparative examples 1 to 3 and the preliminarily formed aluminum alloy castings (having a size of 20cm × 3cm × 0.3mm) were tested in accordance with GB/T1771-2007, and the ratio of the rust area of the test specimens after the salt spray test for 2000 hours was specifically tested, and the test results are shown in Table 10.
TABLE 10 Performance test data
| Test specimen | Adhesion (MPa) | Proportion of rusty area after 2000h salt spray test (%) |
| Example 1 | 14.5 | 6.7 |
| Example 2 | 18.3 | 3.6 |
| Example 3 | 18.5 | 3.7 |
| Example 4 | 18.7 | 3.9 |
| Example 5 | 18.6 | 2.3 |
| Example 6 | 18.9 | 2.5 |
| Example 7 | 19.3 | 2.1 |
| Example 8 | 19.4 | 2.2 |
| Example 9 | 19.7 | 1.9 |
| Example 10 | 20.2 | 1.7 |
| Example 11 | 20.7 | 1.4 |
| Example 12 | 20.4 | 1.6 |
| Example 13 | 21.3 | 1.2 |
| Example 14 | 21.5 | 1 |
| Example 15 | 21.6 | 0.9 |
| Example 16 | 22.8 | 0.4 |
| Example 17 | 22.6 | 0.5 |
| Example 18 | 22.9 | 0.3 |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.8 | 36.7 |
| Comparative example 2 | 7.2 | 21.4 |
| Comparative example 3 | 5.9 | 26.3 |
| Preliminary formed aluminum alloy casting | / | 48.5 |
The present application is described in detail below with respect to the test data of table 10.
According to the aluminum alloy casting surface processing method, after the steps of electrolysis, heat treatment, surface grinding and polishing treatment, surface treatment liquid immersion treatment and corrosion-resistant coating spraying are carried out on the primarily formed aluminum alloy casting, the corrosion area proportion of the aluminum alloy casting after 2000h salt spray test can be obviously reduced, and the salt spray resistance of the aluminum alloy casting is improved.
The experimental data of comparative example 1 and comparative example 1 show that the surface treatment fluid provided by the application improves the adhesion between the coating and the base layer of the aluminum alloy casting and the salt spray resistance of the aluminum alloy casting. The surface treatment liquid has good stability and strong permeability, so that the adhesive property of the aluminum alloy casting soaked by the surface treatment liquid is improved, and the protective layer is not easy to fall off.
The experimental data of comparative example 1 and comparative examples 2-3 show that the joint action of the polyvinyl alcohol and the aminosilane coupling agent in the surface treatment liquid improves the adhesion between the coating and the base layer of the aluminum alloy casting and the salt spray resistance of the aluminum alloy casting. The reason is that the aminosilane coupling agent can be partially crosslinked with the components in the corrosion-resistant coating, and hydrogen bond action exists between the aminosilane coupling agent and polyvinyl alcohol, so that the bonding property of the aluminum alloy casting soaked by the surface treatment solution is improved, and the protective layer is not easy to fall off.
The experimental data of comparative examples 5-7 show that the adhesion of the corrosion-resistant coating to the aluminum alloy casting and the salt spray resistance of the aluminum alloy casting can be remarkably improved by compounding the epoxy resin modified urethane acrylate resin and the organic silicon modified epoxy acrylate.
The experimental data of comparative examples 7 to 9 show that when the mass ratio of the epoxy resin modified urethane acrylate resin to the organosilicon modified epoxy acrylate is 1:1.5, the adhesion of the corrosion-resistant coating to the aluminum alloy casting is high, and the salt spray resistance of the aluminum alloy casting is also excellent.
The experimental data of comparative examples 9 to 10 show that the example 9 uses ethylenediamine, the example 10 uses 4,4 '-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, and the adhesion of the aluminum alloy casting corresponding to the example 10 is significantly higher than that of the aluminum alloy casting corresponding to the example 9, because the cross-linking density of the 4, 4' -diaminodiphenyl sulfone with the epoxy resin modified urethane acrylate resin and the silicone modified epoxy acrylate is higher, the adhesion between the protective layer and the aluminum alloy casting base layer is significantly improved, so that the protective layer is not easy to fall off, and the area proportion of rust corrosion of the aluminum alloy casting after the salt spray test of 2000h is correspondingly reduced.
The experimental data of comparative examples 10 to 12 show that the polymerization degree of polyvinyl alcohol in example 10 is 1500, the polymerization degree of polyvinyl alcohol in example 11 is 2000, and the polymerization degree of polyvinyl alcohol in example 12 is 2400. Compared with the embodiment 11, the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is lower in the embodiment 10, and the strength of the surface treatment liquid is lower, so that the adhesive force between the aluminum alloy casting soaked by the surface treatment liquid and the protective layer is lower; in example 12, the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is high, the solubility of the polyvinyl alcohol in deionized water is reduced, and the stability of the surface treatment solution is reduced, so that the surface treatment solution is not favorable to be uniformly distributed on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting after the surface polishing and polishing treatment, and the adhesion between the aluminum alloy casting and the protective layer after the aluminum alloy casting is soaked in the surface treatment solution is reduced.
Compared with the experimental data of the examples 11 and 13-16, the application has the advantages that the isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, the ethoxy propoxy segmented fatty alcohol and the triethanolamine oleate are compounded to serve as the nonionic surfactant, so that the adhesive force between the base layer and the protective layer of the aluminum alloy casting is improved, the protective layer is not easy to fall off, and the salt spray resistance of the aluminum alloy casting is excellent.
The experimental data of comparative examples 16 to 18 show that when the mass ratio of the isotridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, the ethoxy propoxy intercalated fatty alcohol and the triethanolamine oleate is 1:2.2:3.3, the adhesion between the base layer and the protective layer of the aluminum alloy casting is high, the protective layer is not easy to fall off, and the salt spray resistance of the aluminum alloy casting is excellent.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The surface processing method of the aluminum alloy casting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, electrolyzing the primarily formed aluminum alloy casting;
s2, carrying out heat treatment on the electrolyzed aluminum alloy casting;
s3, performing surface grinding and polishing treatment on the aluminum alloy casting subjected to heat treatment;
s4, immersing the aluminum alloy casting subjected to surface grinding and polishing treatment into surface treatment liquid for surface treatment; the surface treatment liquid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 7.5-15% of polycarboxylate, 8-16% of nonionic surfactant, 4-8% of polyvinyl alcohol, 12-20% of citric acid, 5-10% of aminosilane coupling agent and the balance of deionized water;
and S5, spraying corrosion-resistant paint on the surface of the aluminum alloy casting soaked in the surface treatment solution, and curing to form a protective layer.
2. The method for processing and treating the surface of the aluminum alloy casting according to claim 1, wherein the corrosion-resistant coating comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-20% of metal corrosion inhibitor, 3-5% of aluminum tripolyphosphate, 5-10% of epoxy acrylic resin, 3-7% of curing agent, 2-4% of mercaptosilane coupling agent, 3-5% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the balance of deionized water.
3. The method for processing the surface of the aluminum alloy casting according to claim 2, wherein the epoxy acrylic resin is prepared by mixing epoxy resin modified urethane acrylate resin and organic silicon modified epoxy acrylate according to a mass ratio of 1 (1.2-1.8).
4. The method for processing the surface of the aluminum alloy casting according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the epoxy resin modified urethane acrylate resin to the organosilicon modified epoxy acrylate is 1: 1.5.
5. The method for processing the surface of the aluminum alloy casting according to claim 3, wherein the curing agent is 4, 4' -diaminodiphenyl sulfone.
6. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the metal corrosion inhibitor is prepared by mixing thiourea, chromate and 6-amino-2-mercaptobenzothiazole in a mass ratio of 1 (0.6-0.8) to (0.1-0.2).
7. The method for processing the surface of the aluminum alloy casting according to claim 1, wherein the nonionic surfactant is prepared by mixing isotridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, ethoxy propoxy segmented fatty alcohol and triethanolamine oleate according to a mass ratio of 1 (1.5-2.5) to (3-3.5).
8. The aluminum alloy casting surface processing method of claim 7, wherein the mass ratio of the isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, the ethoxy propoxy insert fatty alcohol and the triethanolamine oleate is 1:2.2: 3.3.
9. A surface processing method for an aluminum alloy casting according to claim 1, wherein the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is 2000.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 500-650 ℃.
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