CN114044364A - Multistage pneumatic ash conveying system and using method - Google Patents
Multistage pneumatic ash conveying system and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114044364A CN114044364A CN202111282756.6A CN202111282756A CN114044364A CN 114044364 A CN114044364 A CN 114044364A CN 202111282756 A CN202111282756 A CN 202111282756A CN 114044364 A CN114044364 A CN 114044364A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/34—Details
- B65G53/40—Feeding or discharging devices
- B65G53/44—Endless conveyors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/017—Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/34—Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/34—Details
- B65G53/58—Devices for accelerating or decelerating flow of the materials; Use of pressure generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
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Abstract
The invention provides a multistage pneumatic ash conveying system and a using method thereof, wherein the multistage pneumatic ash conveying system comprises a cooling and filtering device and a negative pressure pulse dust removal device which are arranged on a support frame; the cooling and filtering device comprises a first dust removing box arranged on the support frame, an evaporative cooler is arranged in the first dust removing box, a first filter screen is arranged at the air outlet end of the evaporative cooler, and a first ash scraping mechanism is arranged above the first filter screen; the negative pressure pulse dust removal device is used for filtering the smoke led out from the first dust removal box again, the negative pressure pulse dust removal device comprises a second dust removal box arranged on the support frame, an electric dust remover is arranged in the second dust removal box, and a booster pump and a pulse pump are arranged on the lifting air pipe; the pulse pump booster pump is matched with the electric dust remover, the filtering speed is increased, dust in the electric dust remover is comprehensively cleaned by high-pressure and variable air flow, and residue is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a multistage pneumatic ash conveying system and a using method thereof, and relates to the technical field of flue gas dedusting and recycling.
Background
The pneumatic ash-removing system uses air as conveying medium and power, and makes the air-receiving chamber at the tail portion of boiler and its interlayer be made up by using fibre fabric material. The pneumatic ash removal system has two types of pressure and gravity flow. The pressure transmission system can be divided into two types of negative pressure and positive pressure according to the pressure of the air sent by the pressure transmission system. The negative pressure pneumatic ash removing system sucks the air and the ash in the ash collecting hopper into the conveying pipeline under the suction action of the air extracting equipment, the air and the ash are conveyed to an ash discharging facility, the air and the ash are separated through a dust collecting device, the ash is conveyed into an ash storage box body through an ash discharging device, and the purified air is exhausted to the atmosphere through the air extracting equipment. The air extraction equipment of the negative pressure pneumatic ash removal system generally adopts a dry negative pressure fan or a water ring vacuum pump. The hydraulic air extractor device can also be adopted during wet ash discharge. The dust collecting device consists of two stages of dust collectors, wherein the 1 st stage is a centrifugal type; stage 2 is a bag filter. Recently, a bag dust collection pack with a large class 1 filtration area has been successfully used to simplify the system.
The commonly used flue gas dust removal mode in the prior art is bag dust removal and electric dust remover dust removal, the bag dust remover has good filtering effect, but the filtering bag needs to be frequently replaced, the cost is higher, the bag dust remover needs a larger pressurizing mechanism, and the energy consumption is higher; in addition, an electric dust collector is often adopted to remove dust in the prior art, after the dust is adsorbed by a charged electrode plate inside the electric dust collector and is increased, the dust is shaken off in a vibration mode, but some viscous dust cannot be shaken off comprehensively, so that the equipment which looks like high efficiency is also caused, and the later period is not particularly ideal for cleaning the dust in the equipment, so that a multistage pneumatic dust conveying system and a using method are urgently needed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a multistage pneumatic ash conveying system and a using method thereof, which aim to solve the problems in the background art, the multistage pneumatic ash conveying system is reasonable in structure, and two groups of filter screens are adopted to be matched with rolling scrapers, so that dust filtered by flue gas is transferred in time; the pulse pump booster pump is matched with the electric dust remover, the filtering speed is increased, dust in the electric dust remover is comprehensively cleaned by high-pressure and variable air flow, and residue is reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a multi-stage pneumatic ash conveying system comprises a cooling and filtering device and a negative pressure pulse dust removal device which are arranged on a support frame;
the cooling and filtering device comprises a first dust removing box arranged on the support frame, an evaporative cooler is arranged in the first dust removing box, a first filter screen is arranged at the air outlet end of the evaporative cooler, and a first ash scraping mechanism is arranged above the first filter screen;
negative pressure pulse dust collector is used for filtering the flue gas that first dust removal case was derived once more, negative pressure pulse dust collector is including setting up the second dust removal case on the support frame, second dust removal incasement portion is provided with electrostatic precipitator, electrostatic precipitator's inlet end department sets up the promotion trachea, be provided with booster pump and pulse pump on the promotion trachea, the electrostatic precipitator is connected through promotion trachea and first dust removal case outlet end, the gas outlet department of electrostatic precipitator is provided with the second filter screen, the top of second filter screen is provided with the second and scrapes grey mechanism, the outlet end department of second dust removal case is provided with the solenoid valve.
Furthermore, a first air pressure sensor is arranged in the lifting air pipe, and a second air pressure sensor is arranged below the second filter screen.
The air pressure sensor is characterized by further comprising an electric control unit which is a single chip microcomputer, the input end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the first air pressure sensor and the second air pressure sensor, and the output end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve.
Further, first ash mechanism and the second of scraping is scraped grey mechanism and is electronic transmission band, the surface of electronic transmission band is equidistant to be provided with a plurality of scraper blade, and the scraper blade contacts with first filter screen or second filter screen.
Further, the first one end of scraping grey mechanism is provided with first ash box, the exit of first ash box is provided with first sealing door, the second one end of scraping grey mechanism is provided with the second ash box, the exit of second ash box is provided with the second sealing door.
Furthermore, the booster pump and the pulse pump are connected in series through a lifting air pipe, the air inlet end of the booster pump is connected with the air outlet end of the first dust removal box through the lifting air pipe, and the air outlet end of the pulse pump is connected with the air inlet end of the second dust removal box through the lifting air pipe.
Furthermore, the first filter screen and the second filter screen are provided with wear-resistant and drag-reduction coatings on the surfaces contacting with the scraper.
Further, the air inlet end of the evaporative cooler is provided with a flue gas inlet pipe.
Further, the use method of the multistage pneumatic ash conveying system comprises the following steps:
step (1), after the cooling filter device and the negative pressure pulse dust removal device are connected through a lifting air pipe, the cooling filter device and the negative pressure pulse dust removal device are placed on a designated plane through a support frame;
step (1-1), connecting the cooling and filtering device with the externally cooled flue gas through a flue gas inlet pipe to finish preparation work;
step (2), electrifying the pulse pump, electrifying the booster pump, and simultaneously closing the electromagnetic valve under the control of the single chip microcomputer;
step (2-1), the booster pump works, the booster pump transfers the gas in the first dust removal box to the second dust removal box through the lifting gas pipe, at the moment, the flue gas in the flue gas inlet pipe moves downwards due to the action of negative pressure in the first dust removal box, and the flue gas is cooled through the evaporative cooler and is used for reducing the moving speed of dust in the air, so that the ash particles are cooled and separated out and fall on the first filter screen;
the smoke passes through a first filter screen for primary filtering, and dust filtered from the smoke is left on the upper surface of the first filter screen;
step (2-2), the electric transmission belt of the first dust scraping mechanism is electrified to work to drive the scraper to move, and dust on the first filter screen is scraped to the first dust box so as to keep the first filter screen neat and breathable;
step (3), the flue gas after primary filtration enters an electric dust remover through a booster pump, a lifting air pipe and a pulse pump, and the pulse airflow generated by the pulse pump enables the dust electrostatically adsorbed in the electric dust remover to vibrate so as to prevent the dust from accumulating in the electric dust remover;
step (3-1), dust in the electric dust collector enters a special dust outlet under the action of gravity, and smoke subjected to secondary dust removal by the electric dust collector is led out through an air outlet;
step (4), the first air pressure sensor and the second air pressure sensor transmit air pressure data to the single chip microcomputer at the same time, and when the air pressure values detected by the first air pressure sensor and the second air pressure sensor are both larger than a preset high air pressure value F1 of the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer controls the electromagnetic valve to be opened;
step (4-1), after the electromagnetic valve is opened, discharging high-pressure flue gas in the second dust removal box through the electromagnetic valve, enabling the flue gas to pass through a second filter screen due to the air pressure, fully filtering the flue gas for three times by the second filter screen, and filtering the remaining dust on the upper surface of the second filter screen;
step (4-2), the electric transmission belt of the second ash scraping mechanism is electrified to work to drive the scraper to move, and dust on the second filter screen is scraped to the second ash box so as to keep the second filter screen neat and breathable;
step (4-3), when the second air pressure sensor detects that the air pressure in the second dust removal box is lower than a preset low air pressure value F2 of the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer controls the electromagnetic valve to be closed;
and (5) continuously and circularly working according to the steps (2) to (4-3).
Further, the preset high air pressure value F1 of the singlechip in the step (4) and the preset low air pressure value F2 of the singlechip in the step (4-3) are both greater than one standard atmospheric pressure, and F1 is greater than F2;
in the step (5), the ash outlets of the first ash box, the second ash box and the electric dust remover are kept sealed, and after the step (5) is finished, the ash outlets of the first ash box, the second ash box and the electric dust remover can be opened.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the cooling filter device, the flue gas is cooled by the evaporative cooler and is used for reducing the moving speed of dust in the air, so that the ash particles are cooled and separated out, and large particle impurities in the flue gas are filtered out for the first time by the first filter screen;
2. the negative-pressure pulse dust removal device is used for filtering the smoke led out from the first dust removal box again, a pulse pump booster pump is adopted to be matched with an electric dust remover in the negative-pressure pulse dust removal device, so that the dust adsorption speed is increased, the high-pressure and variable air flow is used for comprehensively cleaning the dust in the electric dust remover, and the residue is reduced; in addition, in the process of discharging high air pressure through the electromagnetic valve, the high-pressure potential energy of the high air pressure can be used for filtering the second filter screen, so that the energy utilization is more reasonable, and the smoke is more fully filtered;
3. in the electric control unit, when the air pressure values detected by the first air pressure sensor and the second air pressure sensor are both greater than a preset high air pressure value F1 of the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer controls the electromagnetic valve to be opened; when the second air pressure sensor detects that the air pressure in the second dust removal box is lower than a preset low air pressure value F2 of the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer controls the electromagnetic valve to be closed, and the smoke reciprocating transmission is achieved in the process;
4. the first ash scraping mechanism and the second ash scraping mechanism are both electric conveying belts, and a plurality of scraping plates are arranged on the outer surfaces of the electric conveying belts at equal intervals; the electric transmission belt is electrified to work to drive the scraper to move, so that dust on the first filter screen and the second filter screen is scraped to the first ash box or the second ash box, the dust is convenient to transfer in time, and the first filter screen and the second filter screen are kept clean and breathable all the time;
5. the invention has reasonable structure, and adopts two groups of filter screens to match with the rolling scrapers, so as to transfer the dust filtered by the flue gas in time; the pulse pump booster pump is matched with the electric dust remover, the filtering speed is increased, dust in the electric dust remover is comprehensively cleaned by high-pressure and variable air flow, and residue is reduced.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multistage pneumatic ash conveying system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-stage pneumatic ash conveying system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first filter screen in the multi-stage pneumatic ash conveying system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection of an electric control unit in the multistage pneumatic ash conveying system according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1 cooling and filtering device, 11 flue gas intake pipe, 12 first dust removal case, 13 first ash box, 131 first sealing door, 14 evaporative cooler, 15 first ash scraping mechanism, 16 first filter screen, 2 negative pressure pulse dust collector, 21 booster pump, 211 first baroceptor, 22 promote the trachea, 221 pulse pump, 23 second dust removal case, 24 second filter screen, 25 second ash scraping mechanism, 26 solenoid valves, 261 second baroceptor, 27 second ash box, 271 second sealing door, 28 electrostatic precipitator, 281 gas outlet, 282 ash outlets, 29 wear-resisting drag reduction coating, 3 support frames.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a multi-stage pneumatic ash conveying system comprises a cooling and filtering device 1 and a negative pressure pulse dust removal device 2 which are arranged on a support frame 3; the problems that the dust filtering effect of the conventional pneumatic dust conveying system is not added, dust is easily accumulated in equipment, and the cleaning is complex and complicated are solved.
The specific working principle is as follows: firstly, connecting a cooling and filtering device 1 with a negative pressure pulse dust removal device 2 through a lifting air pipe 22, and then placing the cooling and filtering device on a designated plane through a support frame 3; then the cooling and filtering device 1 is connected with the externally cooled flue gas through a flue gas inlet pipe 11 to complete the preparation work;
then the pulse pump 221 is electrified to work, the booster pump 21 is electrified to work, and the singlechip controls the electromagnetic valve 26 to be closed; the booster pump 21 works, the booster pump 21 transfers the gas in the first dust removing box 12 to the second dust removing box 23 through the lifting gas pipe 22, at this time, the flue gas in the flue gas inlet pipe 11 moves downwards due to the negative pressure effect in the first dust removing box 12, the flue gas is cooled through the evaporative cooler 14 and is used for reducing the moving speed of dust in the air, so that the ash particles are cooled and separated out and fall on the first filter screen 16, the flue gas passes through the first filter screen 16 for primary filtering, and the dust filtered out from the flue gas is left on the upper surface of the first filter screen 16; then, the electric transmission belt of the first dust scraping mechanism 15 is electrified to work to drive the scraper to move, so that dust on the first filter screen 16 is scraped to the first dust box 13, and the first filter screen 16 is kept clean and breathable;
the flue gas after primary filtration enters the electric dust collector 28 through the booster pump 21, the lifting air pipe 22 and the pulse pump 221, and the pulse airflow generated by the pulse pump 221 enables the dust electrostatically adsorbed in the electric dust collector 28 to vibrate so as to prevent the dust from accumulating in the electric dust collector 28; the pulse pump 221 booster pump 21 is matched with the electric dust remover 28, so that the dust adsorption speed is increased, the dust in the electric dust remover 28 is comprehensively cleaned by high-pressure and variable air flow, and the residue is reduced;
then, the dust in the electric dust collector 28 enters the special dust outlet 282 due to the gravity, and the flue gas after secondary dust removal by the electric dust collector 28 is led out through the air outlet 281;
then, the first air pressure sensor 211 and the second air pressure sensor 261 transmit air pressure data to the single chip microcomputer at the same time, and when the air pressure values detected by the first air pressure sensor 211 and the second air pressure sensor 261 are both larger than a preset high air pressure value F1 of the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer controls the electromagnetic valve 26 to be opened; in addition, the high-pressure value F1 preset by the singlechip and the low-pressure value F2 preset by the singlechip in the step 4-3 are both greater than one standard atmospheric pressure, and F1 is greater than F2;
after the electromagnetic valve 26 is opened, the high-pressure flue gas in the second dust removing box 23 is discharged through the electromagnetic valve 26, the flue gas passes through the second filter screen 24 due to the air pressure, the second filter screen 24 fully filters the flue gas for three times, the remaining dust is filtered on the upper surface of the second filter screen 24, the electric transmission belt of the second dust scraping mechanism 25 is electrified to work to drive the scraper to move, and the dust on the second filter screen 24 is scraped to the second dust box 27 so as to keep the second filter screen 24 clean and breathable; in addition, in the process of discharging high air pressure through the electromagnetic valve 26, the high-pressure potential energy of the high air pressure can be used for filtering the second filter screen 24, so that the energy utilization is more reasonable, and the smoke is more fully filtered;
when the second air pressure sensor 261 detects that the air pressure in the second dust removal box 23 is lower than the preset low air pressure value F2 of the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer controls the electromagnetic valve 26 to be closed; according to the above-mentioned continuous circulation reciprocating work, make the flue gas constantly inhale, filter, constantly discharge through solenoid valve 26, above-mentioned filtration in-process, the ash hole 282 of first ash box 13, second ash box 27, electrostatic precipitator 28 all keeps sealed, after filtering the end, can open the ash hole 282 of first ash box 13, second ash box 27, electrostatic precipitator 28.
The cooling and filtering device 1 comprises a first dust removing box 12 arranged on a support frame 3, wherein an evaporative cooler 14 is arranged in the first dust removing box 12, a first filter screen 16 is arranged at the air outlet end of the evaporative cooler 14, and a first ash scraping mechanism 15 is arranged above the first filter screen 16; the flue gas is cooled by the evaporative cooler 14, which is used to reduce the moving speed of dust in the air, so that the soot particles are cooled and separated out, and large particle impurities in the flue gas are primarily filtered out by the first filter screen 16.
The negative pressure pulse dust removal device 2 is used for filtering flue gas led out from a first dust removal box 12 again, the negative pressure pulse dust removal device 2 comprises a second dust removal box 23 arranged on a support frame 3, an electric dust remover 28 is arranged in the second dust removal box 23, a lifting air pipe 22 is arranged at the air inlet end of the electric dust remover 28, a booster pump 21 and a pulse pump 221 are arranged on the lifting air pipe 22, the electric dust remover 28 is connected with the air outlet end of the first dust removal box 12 through the lifting air pipe 22, a second filter screen 24 is arranged at the air outlet 281 of the electric dust remover 28, a second dust scraping mechanism 25 is arranged above the second filter screen 24, an electromagnetic valve 26 is arranged at the air outlet end of the second dust removal box 23, the booster pump 221 is adopted to be matched with the electric dust remover 28, the dust adsorption speed is increased, high-pressure and variable air flow is used for comprehensively cleaning dust in the electric dust remover 28, and residue is reduced; in addition, in the process that high air pressure is discharged through the electromagnetic valve 26, high-pressure potential energy of the high air pressure can be used for filtering the second filter screen 24, energy utilization is more reasonable, and smoke is filtered more fully.
In the electric control unit of the invention, the electric control unit is a single chip microcomputer, the input end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the first air pressure sensor 211 and the second air pressure sensor 261, and the output end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve 26; the first air pressure sensor 211 and the second air pressure sensor 261 transmit air pressure data to the single chip microcomputer at the same time, and when the air pressure values detected by the first air pressure sensor 211 and the second air pressure sensor 261 are both larger than a preset high air pressure value F1 of the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer controls the electromagnetic valve 26 to be opened; when the second air pressure sensor 261 detects that the air pressure in the second dust removal box 23 is lower than the preset low air pressure value F2 of the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer controls the electromagnetic valve 26 to be closed, and in the process, the smoke reciprocating transmission is achieved.
The first ash scraping mechanism 15 and the second ash scraping mechanism 25 are both electric conveyor belts, a plurality of scraping plates are arranged on the outer surfaces of the electric conveyor belts at equal intervals, the scraping plates are in contact with the first filter screen 16 or the second filter screen 24, and wear-resistant and anti-drag coatings 29 are arranged on the surfaces, in contact with the scraping plates, of the first filter screen 16 and the second filter screen 24; a first ash box 13 is arranged at one end of the first ash scraping mechanism 15, a first sealing door 131 is arranged at the outlet of the first ash box 13, a second ash box 27 is arranged at one end of the second ash scraping mechanism 25, and a second sealing door 271 is arranged at the outlet of the second ash box 27; the electric transmission belt is electrified to work to drive the scraper to move, so that dust on the first filter screen 16 and the second filter screen 24 is scraped to the first ash box 13 or the second ash box 27, the dust can be conveniently and timely transferred, and the first filter screen 16 and the second filter screen 24 are kept neat and breathable at any time.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a multistage pneumatic ash conveying system which characterized in that: comprises a cooling and filtering device (1) and a negative pressure pulse dust removal device (2) which are arranged on a support frame (3);
the cooling and filtering device (1) comprises a first dust removing box (12) arranged on a support frame (3), an evaporative cooler (14) is arranged in the first dust removing box (12), a first filter screen (16) is arranged at the air outlet end of the evaporative cooler (14), and a first ash scraping mechanism (15) is arranged above the first filter screen (16);
negative pressure pulse dust collector (2) are used for filtering the flue gas that derives first dust removal case (12) once more, negative pressure pulse dust collector (2) are including setting up second dust removal case (23) on support frame (3), second dust removal case (23) inside is provided with electrostatic precipitator (28), the inlet end department of electrostatic precipitator (28) sets up promotes trachea (22), be provided with booster pump (21) and pulse pump (221) on promoting trachea (22), electrostatic precipitator (28) are connected through promoting trachea (22) and first dust removal case (12) end of giving vent to anger, gas outlet (281) department of electrostatic precipitator (28) is provided with second filter screen (24), the top of second filter screen (24) is provided with the second and scrapes grey mechanism (25), the end department of giving vent to anger of second dust removal case (23) is provided with solenoid valve (26).
2. The multi-stage pneumatic ash conveying system according to claim 1, wherein: be provided with first baroceptor (211) in promoting trachea (22), second baroceptor (261) is provided with below second filter screen (24).
3. The multi-stage pneumatic ash conveying system according to claim 1, wherein: the pneumatic control system is characterized by further comprising an electric control unit, wherein the electric control unit is a single chip microcomputer, the input end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the first air pressure sensor (211) and the second air pressure sensor (261), and the output end of the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve (26).
4. The multi-stage pneumatic ash conveying system according to claim 1, wherein: first ash scraping mechanism (15) and second ash scraping mechanism (25) are electronic transmission band, the surface of electronic transmission band is equidistant to be provided with a plurality of scraper blade, and the scraper blade contacts with first filter screen (16) or second filter screen (24).
5. The multi-stage pneumatic ash conveying system according to claim 4, wherein: the first one end of scraping grey mechanism (15) is provided with first ash box (13), the exit of first ash box (13) is provided with first sealing door (131), the second one end of scraping grey mechanism (25) is provided with second ash box (27), the exit of second ash box (27) is provided with second sealing door (271).
6. The multi-stage pneumatic ash conveying system according to claim 1, wherein: booster pump (21) and pulse pump (221) are through promoting trachea (22) series connection, the inlet end of booster pump (21) is connected through promoting trachea (22) and the end of giving vent to anger of first dust removal case (12), the end of giving vent to anger of pulse pump (221) is connected through promoting trachea (22) and the inlet end of second dust removal case (23).
7. The multi-stage pneumatic ash conveying system according to claim 1, wherein: and the surfaces of the first filter screen (16) and the second filter screen (24) which are contacted with the scraper are both provided with wear-resistant and drag-reduction coatings (29).
8. The multi-stage pneumatic ash conveying system according to claim 1, wherein: and a flue gas inlet pipe (11) is arranged at the gas inlet end of the evaporative cooler (14).
9. The use method of the multistage pneumatic ash conveying system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the cooling and filtering device (1) and the negative pressure pulse dust removal device (2) are connected through a lifting air pipe (22) and then placed on a designated plane through a support frame (3);
step (1-1), connecting the cooling and filtering device (1) with the externally cooled flue gas through a flue gas inlet pipe (11) to complete preparation work;
step (2), the pulse pump (221) is electrified to work, the booster pump (21) is electrified to work, and meanwhile the singlechip controls the electromagnetic valve (26) to be closed;
step (2-1), the booster pump (21) works, the booster pump (21) transfers the gas in the first dust removing box (12) to the second dust removing box (23) through the lifting gas pipe (22), at the moment, the flue gas in the flue gas inlet pipe (11) moves downwards due to the negative pressure action in the first dust removing box (12), and the flue gas is cooled through the evaporative cooler (14) and is used for reducing the moving speed of dust in the air, so that the soot particles are cooled and separated out and fall on the first filter screen (16);
the smoke passes through a first filter screen (16) for primary filtration, and dust filtered from the smoke is left on the upper surface of the first filter screen (16);
step (2-2), the electric transmission belt of the first dust scraping mechanism (15) is electrified to work to drive the scraper to move, and dust on the first filter screen (16) is scraped to the first dust box (13) so as to keep the first filter screen (16) neat and breathable;
step (3), the flue gas after primary filtration enters an electric dust collector (28) through a booster pump (21), a lifting air pipe (22) and a pulse pump (221), and the pulse air flow generated by the pulse pump (221) enables the dust electrostatically adsorbed in the electric dust collector (28) to vibrate so as to prevent the dust from accumulating in the electric dust collector (28);
in the step (3-1), dust in the electric dust collector (28) enters the special dust outlet (282) due to the action of gravity, and smoke subjected to secondary dust removal by the electric dust collector (28) is led out through the air outlet (281);
step (4), the first air pressure sensor (211) and the second air pressure sensor (261) transmit air pressure data to the single chip microcomputer at the same time, and when the air pressure values detected by the first air pressure sensor (211) and the second air pressure sensor (261) are both larger than a preset high air pressure value F1 of the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer controls the electromagnetic valve (26) to be opened;
after the electromagnetic valve (26) is opened, discharging high-pressure smoke in the second dust removal box (23) through the electromagnetic valve (26), enabling the smoke to pass through the second filter screen (24) due to the air pressure effect, fully filtering the smoke for three times through the second filter screen (24), and filtering the remaining dust on the upper surface of the second filter screen (24);
step (4-2), the electric transmission belt of the second dust scraping mechanism (25) is electrified to work to drive the scraper to move, and dust on the second filter screen (24) is scraped to the second dust box (27) so as to keep the second filter screen (24) neat and breathable;
step (4-3), when the second air pressure sensor (261) detects that the air pressure in the second dust removal box (23) is lower than a preset low air pressure value F2 of the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer controls the electromagnetic valve (26) to be closed;
and (5) continuously and circularly working according to the steps (2) to (4-3).
10. The use method of the multistage pneumatic ash conveying system according to claim 9, wherein the use method comprises the following steps: the preset high air pressure value F1 of the singlechip in the step (4) and the preset low air pressure value F2 of the singlechip in the step (4-3) are both greater than one standard atmospheric pressure, and F1 is greater than F2;
in the step (5), the ash outlets (282) of the first ash box (13), the second ash box (27) and the electric dust collector (28) are kept sealed, and after the step (5) is finished, the ash outlets (282) of the first ash box (13), the second ash box (27) and the electric dust collector (28) can be opened.
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