CN114043109B - Composite connection method of large-size round-square 3D printer cartridge - Google Patents
Composite connection method of large-size round-square 3D printer cartridge Download PDFInfo
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- CN114043109B CN114043109B CN202111535227.2A CN202111535227A CN114043109B CN 114043109 B CN114043109 B CN 114043109B CN 202111535227 A CN202111535227 A CN 202111535227A CN 114043109 B CN114043109 B CN 114043109B
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- welding
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- printer
- printer cartridge
- laser cladding
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001917 fluorescence detection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical group [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012916 structural analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
- B23K28/02—Combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a compound connection method of a large-size round-square 3D printer cartridge, which comprises the following steps that step 1, according to the structure of a connection section of the 3D printer cartridge, an electron beam welding mode is adopted as a main mode, and laser cladding is adopted as an auxiliary mode; step 2, removing external reinforcing ribs of the longitudinal electron beam welding seam parts in the connecting sections of the 3D printer boxes; step 3, welding longitudinal welding seams on the connecting sections of the 3D printer cases by adopting electron beam welding; step 4, repairing the external reinforcing ribs removed in the step 2 by laser cladding; and 5, compositely connecting a fifth connecting section of the 3D printer cartridge to finish the compositely connecting of the 3D printer cartridge. By adopting the composite connection process with the electron beam as the main and the laser cladding as the auxiliary, the welding deformation is reduced to the greatest extent. The main longitudinal weld joint is subjected to electron beam welding, the unreachable parts of the rest electron beam welding are subjected to laser cladding welding, and the electron beam welding process does not need to process grooves, so that the welding efficiency can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of manufacturing of non-rotary casings of aeroengines, and particularly relates to a composite connection method of a large-size round-square 3D printer casing.
Background
The round square casing is a main bearing and pressure-bearing piece of a nozzle of an aeroengine, the external dimension of the round square casing is relatively large (1140 mm), and the material is GH4169. The air inlet is circular, the air outlet is rectangular, and the air inlet is a thin-wall non-revolving special-shaped curved surface casing. The exhaust port has a larger downward eccentric amount relative to the air inlet, so that the curved surface shape of the inner flow path with a large curvature change is formed. In order to ensure that the casing has enough strength and rigidity, a plurality of criss-cross and non-uniform-depth'm' -shaped reinforcing ribs are additionally arranged on the external molded surface of the casing, so that the casing structure becomes extremely complex, the casing belongs to the category of large-size non-rotary casings, the blank forming and processing methods are completely different from the typical traditional casing manufacturing process, no mature processing experience can be used for reference, and the technical difficulty is extremely high.
In the aspect of manufacturing the casing blank, alternative processes include casting, forging and 3D printing. If a casting process is adopted, the following problems exist: the control difficulty of casting metallurgical defects is high, a large number of loose holes, air holes, unfused holes and even visible holes lead to the need of repair welding of a large number of matrix parts, the repair welding repair difficulty of castings is high, and the repair welding of a large number of parts leads to serious blank deformation; if a forging process is adopted, the overall forging difficulty is too high, and a processing process of combining fan-shaped forging with welding is adopted, the problems are that: because the external surface is too complex, the criss-cross 'rice' shaped reinforcing ribs are distributed besides the connecting boss, and the curvature change of the inner runner is very large, the internal and external surface of the casing are required to be processed, so that the processing allowance is large, the period is long, and the period requirement of model development cannot be met; if the powder spreading 3D printing process is adopted, the whole printing process is the simplest, but no equipment capable of realizing the whole printing is available at present due to the fact that the size of parts is too large.
Based on structural analysis of parts, factors such as development period and equipment of projects are considered, a blank preparation method for paving powder, 3D printing a sector-shaped section casing and combining welding forming is formulated, reinforcing ribs of an outer profile of the casing and a mounting seat are directly formed, the process method only needs to process the inner runner profile and the mounting surface of the mounting seat, complex outer profile does not need to be processed, and processing efficiency can be greatly improved.
The connection of the GH4169 material 3D printing sector round square casing belongs to a new structure and a new process, and no mature method can be referred to, so that a feasible, efficient and economic connection method needs to be studied.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a compound connection method of a large-size round-square 3D printer cartridge, which is used for solving the problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a compound connection method of a large-size round-square 3D printer cartridge, which comprises the following steps,
Step 1, adopting an electron beam welding as a main welding mode and a laser cladding as an auxiliary welding mode according to the connecting section structure of the 3D printer case;
Step2, removing external reinforcing ribs of the longitudinal electron beam welding seam parts in the connecting sections of the 3D printer boxes;
step 3, welding longitudinal welding seams on the connecting sections of the 3D printer cases by adopting electron beam welding;
Step 4, repairing the external reinforcing ribs removed in the step 2 by laser cladding;
And 5, compositely connecting a fifth connecting section of the 3D printer cartridge to finish the compositely connecting of the 3D printer cartridge.
Preferably, in step1, the thickness of the connecting section structure in the 3D printer case ranges from 2 mm to 10mm.
Preferably, in the step 1, the longitudinal welding line in the connecting section of the 3D printer case is electron beam welding, and the parts inaccessible to the other electron beam welding are welded by adopting laser cladding.
Preferably, in step 2, the external reinforcing ribs of the longitudinal electron beam welding seam portion are removed by milling, so that the thicknesses of the electron beam welding portions are equal.
In step 3, four longitudinal welds are welded at the welding positions of the connecting sections of the 3D printer cases with equal thickness by adopting electron beam welding.
Preferably, in step 4, the fifth connection section of the 3D printer case has a non-fan-shaped section structure, and the welding seam includes a long welding seam and three short welding seams, the long welding seam adopts electron beam welding, and the three short welding seams adopt laser cladding.
Preferably, all weld joint parts of the 3D printer case which are connected in a composite mode are subjected to X-ray detection.
Preferably, fluorescence detection is carried out on all weld joint parts of the 3D printer case which are connected in a composite mode.
Preferably, the connecting section of the 3D printer case is formed by powder paving and 3D printing.
Preferably, the material of the 3D printer case is nickel-based superalloy GH4169.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
The invention provides a compound connection method of a large-size round-square 3D printer cartridge, which reduces welding deformation to the greatest extent by adopting a compound connection process taking electron beams as main materials and laser cladding as auxiliary materials. The main longitudinal weld joint is subjected to electron beam welding, the unreachable parts of the rest electron beam welding are subjected to laser cladding welding, and the electron beam welding process does not need to process grooves, so that the welding efficiency can be effectively improved. The process method can effectively solve the problem of connection of the large-size 3D printer case, and provides a brand new idea for other part process methods with complex connection part structures.
Furthermore, the external reinforcing ribs of the longitudinal electron beam welding seam parts are removed through milling, so that the thicknesses of the electron beam welding parts are equal, and the problem that the electron beam welding cannot realize part welding with variable wall thickness at one time is avoided.
Furthermore, all welding seam parts are subjected to X-ray detection, the internal quality of the welding seam is detected, and the influence of cracks and the like on the welding quality is avoided.
Furthermore, fluorescence detection is carried out on all welding seam parts, and detection is carried out on the surface of the welding seam, so that the influence on welding quality is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rotary square casing;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of electron beam welding with the stiffener removed;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an electron beam weld distribution;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a laser cladding filled reinforcing bar;
Fig. 5 is a fifth stage welding scheme.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to illustrate, but not to limit, the invention.
A compound connection method of a large-size round-square 3D printer casing takes a round-square casing of a certain type of engine as an example, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Connection scheme formulation
In the aspect of selecting a welding mode, the electron beam welding has the characteristics of small deformation, high efficiency and good welding quality, and is suitable for the thickness of parts to be 2-10 mm. The laser cladding is suitable for special-shaped structure weld joint connection, and has the characteristic of small heat input. According to the characteristics of a certain round square casing with larger welding thickness (5 mm) and a particularly complex structure, a composite connection scheme of combining electron beam welding and laser cladding is adopted.
Considering that the powder spreading 3D printing sector-shaped section casing has generated deformation to a certain extent, the welding process can continue to overlap and deform, so that the deformation factors need to be fully considered for the selection of the welding method. Compared with the two welding methods, in the aspect of welding deformation, the deformation generated by electron beam welding is smaller, and the electron beam welding is superior to laser cladding. In terms of welding efficiency, the laser cladding needs to be beveled, the cladding process is low in efficiency, and electron beam welding is superior to laser cladding welding. Therefore, electron beam welding is selected for the main longitudinal welding seam of the fan-shaped section casing, and laser cladding welding is adopted for the unreachable parts of the rest electron beam welding. Namely a welding scheme taking electron beam welding as a main laser cladding as an auxiliary.
(2) External reinforcing rib for removing longitudinal electron beam welding seam part
Because the external molded surface of the round square casing is covered with a plurality of reinforcing ribs which are crisscrossed and have different depths, the electron beam welding can not realize the part welding with variable wall thickness (too large wall thickness difference) at one time, and therefore, the reinforcing ribs at the welding seam part are removed by milling before the electron beam welding, so that the thickness of the welding part of the electron beam is basically consistent, and the specific view is shown in fig. 2.
(3) Electron beam welding longitudinal weld
And adopting an electron beam to weld four longitudinal welding seams of the round square casing. See in particular fig. 3.
(4) Laser cladding repair reinforcing rib
And repairing the removed reinforcing ribs on the outer surface of the casing by using a laser cladding process before electron beam welding. See in particular fig. 4.
(5) Fifth section of composite connection round square casing
The fifth section of the turbine round square casing is of a non-sector section structure, the welding seam comprises a long welding seam and three short welding seams which are respectively connected with a casing base body, a fifth section bottom plate and three struts, and the welding method adopts a scheme of combining electron beam welding with laser cladding welding.
The thickness of the three support posts reaches 50mm, electron beams are difficult to penetrate, the structural arrangement is dispersed, and an electron beam welding process cannot be realized, so that the connecting method of the three support posts adopts laser cladding. And the long welding line of the bottom plate of the fifth section adopts an electron beam welding process. See in particular fig. 5.
(6) And (5) detecting X-ray.
X-ray detection is carried out on all welding seam parts, and the internal quality of the welding seam is detected, so that the influence on the welding quality caused by cracks and the like is avoided.
(7) And (5) fluorescence detection.
And (3) carrying out fluorescence detection on all the welding seam parts, and detecting the surface of the welding seam so as to avoid influencing the welding quality.
Examples
The material of the round square casing of the certain aeroengine is GH4169, the blank is a powder-laying 3D printing sector section, and the external dimension of the round square casing is relatively large (1140 mm). The specific process flow is as follows: removing external reinforcing ribs at the longitudinal electron beam welding seam part, welding the longitudinal welding seam by an electron beam, repairing the reinforcing ribs by laser cladding, compositely connecting the fifth section of the round square casing, and performing X-ray detection and fluorescence detection.
Claims (5)
1. A compound connection method of a large-size round-square 3D printer cartridge is characterized by comprising the following steps,
Step 1, adopting an electron beam welding as a main welding mode and a laser cladding as an auxiliary welding mode according to the connecting section structure of the 3D printer case; selecting electron beam welding for longitudinal welding seams in a connecting section of the 3D printer case, and welding the unreachable parts of the other electron beam welding by adopting laser cladding;
Step 2, removing external reinforcing ribs of the longitudinal electron beam welding seam parts in the connecting sections of the 3D printer boxes; removing external reinforcing ribs at the welding seam part of the longitudinal electron beam by adopting milling so that the thicknesses of the welding seam parts of the electron beam are equal;
step 3, welding longitudinal welding seams on the connecting sections of the 3D printer cases by adopting electron beam welding;
Step 4, repairing the external reinforcing ribs removed in the step 2 by laser cladding; the fifth connecting section of the 3D printer case is of a non-sector section structure, the welding seam comprises a long welding seam and three short welding seams, the long welding seam adopts electron beam welding, and the three short welding seams adopt laser cladding;
step 5, the fifth connecting section of the 3D printer cartridge is in compound connection, and compound connection of the 3D printer cartridge is completed; the connecting section of the 3D printer case is formed by powder paving and 3D printing; the material of the 3D printer case is nickel-based superalloy GH4169.
2. The method for compositely connecting a large-size round square 3D printer cartridge according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the thickness range of the connecting section structure in the 3D printer cartridge is 2-10 mm.
3. The method for compositely connecting large-size round-square 3D printer cases according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, four longitudinal welding seams are welded at welding positions of connecting sections of the 3D printer cases with equal thickness by adopting electron beam welding.
4. The method for compositely connecting the large-size round square 3D printer cartridge according to claim 1, wherein all weld joint parts of the 3D printer cartridge which are compositely connected are subjected to X-ray detection.
5. The method for compositely connecting the large-size round square 3D printer cartridge according to claim 1, wherein fluorescence detection is carried out on all weld joint parts of the 3D printer cartridge which are subjected to compositely connection.
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| CN104759623B (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2017-06-23 | 清华大学 | Using the increasing material manufacturing device of electron beam laser compound scanning |
| CN107498203B (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2019-06-14 | 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 | A kind of electron beam welding and laser gain material manufacture composite connecting method |
| CN107971693B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-03-15 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | A kind of wheel chamber casing crackle repair method of titanium alloy inlet casing |
| CN208380978U (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2019-01-15 | 重庆天骄航空动力有限公司 | A kind of low-pressure compressor casing assembling unit structure |
| CN110977170B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-05-18 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Electron beam welding method for thin-wall casing gas-collecting hood structure |
| CN113369728B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-08-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for manufacturing titanium alloy large-scale complex structure component |
| CN113182690B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-05-20 | 南京工业职业技术大学 | High-energy beam composite welding method for stainless steel cooling plate |
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