CN114042861A - Method for manufacturing frozen casting mould - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing frozen casting mould Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114042861A CN114042861A CN202111342393.0A CN202111342393A CN114042861A CN 114042861 A CN114042861 A CN 114042861A CN 202111342393 A CN202111342393 A CN 202111342393A CN 114042861 A CN114042861 A CN 114042861A
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- Prior art keywords
- sand
- water mist
- pressure
- pressure water
- mold
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 244000035744 Hura crepitans Species 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003110 molding sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims 7
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/08—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by sprinkling, cooling, or drying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/08—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by sprinkling, cooling, or drying
- B22C5/085—Cooling or drying the sand together with the castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
Abstract
A method for manufacturing a frozen casting mold comprises the steps of freezing raw sand to form low-temperature raw sand (1) with the temperature of-10 ℃ to-30 ℃, fixing a mold (2) provided with a vent plug on a bottom plate (3) also provided with the vent plug, putting a sand box (4), injecting the low-temperature raw sand (1) into the sand box (4), moving a sand box upper cover (5) provided with a plurality of water mist nozzles (6) above the sand box (4), spraying high-pressure water mist into the sand box (4) through a high-pressure water mist generator, enabling the high-pressure water mist to be in contact with the low-temperature raw sand in the sand box (4) to be condensed into ice, bonding the molding sand together by the ice, and taking out the mold to obtain the frozen casting mold (8); the method for manufacturing the frozen casting mold can realize streamlined production of sand casting by using water as a binder, has high production efficiency and low production cost, requires less mold in the production process, does not generate toxic and harmful substances, and can recycle the poured waste sand.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sand casting, in particular to a streamlined production method of a frozen casting mold.
Background
Sand casting is the most traditional casting method. The sand casting is still the most widely applied casting method in the casting production because the sand casting is not limited by the shape, size, complexity and alloy type of parts, and has short production period and low cost.
The manufacture of sand molds in the sand box casting production often requires the use of binders to impart strength and plasticity to the molding sand. These binders include: resins, water glass, clays, etc. Some of the adhesives can generate harmful gas in the casting process, some of the adhesives can generate harmful solid emissions, the environment is polluted to different degrees, and the recovery cost of the waste sand after casting is high.
In order to reduce pollution and recycle, the invention discloses a 'frozen casting mould' using water as a binder, which is characterized in that raw sand and water are mixed and then filled into a sand box above a template, then the sand box filled with wet sand and a bottom plate are kept for a period of time at a low temperature, the water and the sand are frozen, and the frozen sand mould is prepared after stripping. The casting mould can still keep the original shape before the high-temperature metal is solidified, ice melts after the metal is solidified, and the casting mould is scattered. However, such frozen sand molds have been used only for a limited number of reasons, mainly because the sand box filled with the wet sand needs to be kept at a low temperature for a long time, the production efficiency is low, and a plurality of molds need to be made to meet a certain production scale.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages, the present invention aims to provide a method for the streamlined production of a frozen mold.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme. According to the method for manufacturing the frozen casting mold, the raw sand is frozen to form low-temperature raw sand 1 with the temperature of-10 ℃ to-30 ℃, a mold 2 provided with a vent plug is fixed on a bottom plate 3 also provided with the vent plug, then a sand box 4 is placed, the low-temperature raw sand 1 is injected into the sand box 4, an upper cover 5 of the sand box provided with a plurality of water mist nozzles 6 is moved to the upper part of the sand box 4, high-pressure water mist is sprayed into the sand box 4 through a high-pressure water mist generator, the high-pressure water mist is contacted with the low-temperature raw sand in the sand box 4 and is condensed into ice, the molding sand is bonded together by the ice, and the frozen casting mold 8 is obtained after the mold is stripped.
Preferably, the mold 2 is a hollow structure, a plurality of exhaust holes 201 are formed in the mold 2, and an exhaust plug 202 is installed in each exhaust hole 201.
Preferably, the raw sand is quartz sand, zircon sand, chromite sand or forsterite sand.
Preferably, the high pressure water mist generator comprises a booster pump 702 for pressurizing water from the water inlet pipe 701, a high pressure atomizing nozzle 704 for atomizing the water pressurized by the booster pump 702 into mist particles, an air compressor 705 for generating high pressure air, a high pressure air pipe 706 having one end communicated with the air compressor 705 and the other end communicated with the mist cabin 707, the mist cabin 707 for mixing the mist particles from the high pressure atomizing nozzle 704 and the high pressure air from the high pressure air pipe 706, and a high pressure mist pipe 708 having one end communicated with the mist cabin 707 and the other end communicated with the high pressure water mist nozzle 6, wherein the nozzle end of the high pressure water mist nozzle 6 penetrates through the sand box upper cover 5 and extends into the sand box 4.
Preferably, the booster pump 702 pressurizes the water from the water inlet pipe 701 to a pressure of 10Kg to 50 Kg.
Preferably, the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 704 atomizes the water into mist particles with the particle size of 3-5 microns.
Preferably, the water mist bin 707 is delivered to the high-pressure water mist at the high-pressure water mist nozzle 6 through a high-pressure water mist pipeline 708, and the volume ratio of water is 30-80%.
Preferably, the pressure of the high-pressure water mist is 0.2-0.5 MPa.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the manufacturing method of the frozen casting mold, the solidification of the molding sand is completed instantly, the production efficiency is high, the streamlined production of sand casting by using water as a binder can be realized, and the production cost is reduced.
2. The invention freezes the molding sand in advance, and sprays high-pressure water mist into the molding sand after the molding sand is filled in the sand box to form a frozen casting mold, and mass production can be realized by only one set of mold.
3. The method can replace various organic binders for sand casting, the casting mold does not generate toxic and harmful substances, the waste sand after casting is easy to recycle, and green casting production is realized.
The foregoing is a summary of the present invention, and for the purpose of making the technical means of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments thereof are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the production of the frozen mold according to this embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-pressure water mist generator in this embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the water mist bin in the embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the mold in this embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the high pressure water mist nozzle of this embodiment in use.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description of the method for manufacturing a frozen mold according to the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, will be made to the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects thereof.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a method for manufacturing a frozen mold includes first processing raw sand at a low temperature to form low-temperature raw sand 1, namely, putting the raw sand in a freezing chamber in advance and freezing the raw sand to a temperature of-10 ℃ to-30 ℃, wherein the raw sand may be quartz sand, zircon sand, chromite sand, forsterite sand, etc.; fixing a mold 2 on a bottom plate 3, wherein the mold 2 is of a hollow structure, the mold 2 is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes 201, each exhaust hole 201 is internally provided with an exhaust plug 202, the bottom plate 3 is also provided with exhaust holes, and the exhaust holes arranged on the bottom plate 3 are also internally provided with exhaust plugs; placing the flask 4 on the floor with the mold 2 in place inside the flask 4; filling the low-temperature raw sand 1 which is frozen in advance into a sand box 4 to form loose molding sand; moving the sand box upper cover 5 to the sand box 4, wherein a plurality of high-pressure water mist nozzles 6 are arranged on the sand box upper cover 5, the nozzle ends of the high-pressure water mist nozzles 6 penetrate through the sand box upper cover 5 and extend into the sand box 4, and the other ends of the high-pressure water mist nozzles are connected with a high-pressure water mist pipeline of a high-pressure water mist generator; and starting the high-pressure water mist generator, uniformly spraying the generated high-pressure water mist into the loose molding sand in the sand box 4 through the high-pressure water mist nozzle 6, quickly condensing the high-pressure water mist into ice after the high-pressure water mist contacts with the low-temperature raw sand, bonding the molding sand together by the ice, and stripping to obtain the frozen casting mold 8. The plurality of high pressure water mist nozzles 6 are dispersedly arranged on the flask upper cover 5, so that it is ensured that the high pressure water mist nozzles 6 can uniformly spray and infiltrate water mist into the loose molding sand in the flask 4. In addition, because the mould is of a hollow structure and the mould and the bottom plate are both provided with a plurality of exhaust holes, the structure can ensure that the introduced high-pressure water mist can effectively and dispersedly pass through the loose molding sand, so that the low-temperature raw sand can be fully contacted with the water mist.
In this embodiment, the high-pressure water mist generator includes a booster pump 702 communicated with the water inlet pipe 701, the other end of the booster pump 702 is communicated with a water mist bin 707 through a high-pressure atomizer 704, a first regulating valve 703 is arranged between the booster pump 702 and the high-pressure atomizer 704, the water mist bin 707 includes an upper water mist bin 7071 and a lower water mist bin 7072, the bottom end of the lower water mist bin 7072 is communicated with the high-pressure atomizer 704, the top end of the lower water mist bin 7072 is communicated with the bottom end of the upper water mist bin 7071, in addition, the lower water mist bin 7072 is communicated with an air compressor 705 through a high-pressure air pipeline 706, and the top end of the upper water mist bin 7071 is communicated with the high-pressure water mist nozzle 6 through a high-pressure water mist pipeline 708. The high-pressure water mist pipeline 708 is provided with a second regulating valve 709. The booster pump 702 pressurizes water entering from the water inlet pipe 701 to generate high-pressure water (the water pressure is about 10Kg to 50Kg), the high-pressure water flows to the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 704 at a high speed, the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 704 atomizes the water flowing at a high speed into ultrafine hollow mist particles (the particle size of the mist particles is about 3 to 5 microns), the mist particles are sprayed out from the spray holes of the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 704 and enter the lower mist bin 7072 of the mist bin 7, high-pressure air generated by the air compressor 705 is also conveyed into the lower mist bin 7072 through the high-pressure air pipeline 706, the high-pressure air further pressurizes the mist particles from the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 704 and mixes the mist particles in the upper mist bin 7071 to form high-pressure water mist, the pressure of the high-pressure water mist is 0.2 to 0.5MPa, the high-pressure water mist is conveyed to the plurality of high-pressure water mist nozzles 6 through the high-pressure water mist pipeline 708, the high-pressure water mist nozzles 6 spray the high-pressure water mist into loose molding sand in the sand box 4, and dispersing the high-pressure water mist to low-temperature raw sand, and condensing the low-temperature raw sand into ice, so that loose molding sand is bonded together to form the frozen casting mold.
The water mist upper bin 7071 is fed into the high-pressure water mist from the high-pressure water mist nozzle 6, and the volume ratio of water (i.e., the volume ratio of water to a mixture of water and air) is 30-80%.
A method for manufacturing a frozen casting mold mainly comprises the following steps:
s1, putting the molding sand into a freezing chamber in advance and freezing the molding sand to the temperature of minus 10 ℃ to minus 30 ℃;
s2, installing the vent plugs 202 in a plurality of vent holes 201 of the specially-made hollow mould 2, and brushing a silicon oil release agent on the surface of the mould 2, wherein the silicon oil release agent is helpful for the separation of the mould during demoulding;
s3, fixing the mold 2 provided with the vent plug on the bottom plate 3 provided with the vent plug, putting the sand box 4 on the mold 2 to enable the mold 2 to be located at a proper position in the sand box 4, filling the frozen molding sand into the sand box 4, and completing sand mold filling, so that loose molding sand is formed in the sand box;
s4, moving the sand box upper cover 5 provided with the plurality of high-pressure water spray nozzles 6 to the sand box 4;
s5, starting a high-pressure water mist generator, feeding water into a high-pressure atomizing nozzle 704 by a booster pump 702 at a certain pressure (the water pressure is 10 kg-50 kg), atomizing the water into mist particles with the particle size of about 3-5 microns by the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 704, and feeding the mist particles into a water mist lower bin 7072;
s6, the air compressor generates high-pressure air and the high-pressure air is conveyed to the water mist lower bin 7072 through a high-pressure air pipeline, the high-pressure air further pressurizes water mist particles with certain pressure, then the high-pressure air and the water mist particles are mixed in the water mist upper bin 7071 to obtain high-pressure water mist, the high-pressure water mist flows to the high-pressure water mist nozzle 6 through the high-pressure water mist pipeline 708, and the high-pressure water mist nozzle 6 sprays the high-pressure water mist into loose molding sand;
s7, the high-pressure water mist meets the low-temperature molding sand in the sand box 4 and is quickly condensed into ice, and sand grains are bonded together through the ice, so that the sand is frozen and molded.
And S8, demolding to obtain the frozen casting mold.
And repeating the steps, respectively manufacturing an upper mold, a lower mold and a core required by casting according to production requirements, installing the core in a cavity formed between the upper mold and the lower mold (for short, mold closing), casting after the mold closing is finished, and cooling and demolding to obtain the casting.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made by those skilled in the art according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the technical scope of the present invention without departing from the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for producing a frozen cast, characterized by comprising: freezing raw sand to form low-temperature raw sand (1) with the temperature of-10 to-30 ℃, fixing a mold (2) provided with a vent plug on a bottom plate (3) also provided with the vent plug, then putting a sand box (4), injecting the low-temperature raw sand (1) into the sand box (4), moving an upper cover (5) of the sand box provided with a plurality of water mist nozzles (6) above the sand box (4), spraying high-pressure water mist into the sand box (4) through a high-pressure water mist generator, enabling the high-pressure water mist to be in contact with the low-temperature raw sand in the sand box (4) and be condensed into ice, bonding the molding sand together by ice, and obtaining a frozen casting mold (8) after stripping.
2. A method of manufacturing a frozen confection according to claim 1, wherein: the mold (2) is of a hollow structure, a plurality of exhaust holes (201) are formed in the mold (2), and an exhaust plug (202) is installed in each exhaust hole (201).
3. A method of manufacturing a frozen confection according to claim 1, wherein: the raw sand is quartz sand, zircon sand, chromite sand or forsterite sand.
4. A method of manufacturing a frozen confection according to claim 1, wherein: the high-pressure water mist generator comprises a booster pump (702) for pressurizing water from a water inlet pipe (701), a high-pressure atomizing nozzle (704) for atomizing the water pressurized by the booster pump (702) into mist particles, an air compressor (705) for generating high-pressure air, a high-pressure air pipeline (706) with one end communicated with the air compressor (705) and the other end communicated with a water mist bin (707), a water mist bin (707) for mixing the mist particles from the high-pressure atomizing nozzle (704) and the high-pressure air from the high-pressure air pipeline (706), a high-pressure water mist pipeline (708) with one end communicated with the water mist bin (707) and the other end communicated with a high-pressure water mist nozzle (6), and the nozzle end of the high-pressure water mist nozzle (6) penetrates through an upper cover (5) of the sand box and then extends into the sand box (4).
5. A method of making a frozen confection according to claim 4, wherein: the booster pump (702) pressurizes the water from the water inlet pipe (701) to a pressure of 10Kg to 50 Kg.
6. A method of making a frozen confection according to claim 4, wherein: the high-pressure atomizing nozzle (704) atomizes water into mist particles with the particle size of 3-5 microns.
7. A method of making a frozen confection according to claim 4, wherein: the water mist bin (707) is conveyed into the high-pressure water mist at the high-pressure water mist nozzle (6) through a high-pressure water mist pipeline (708), and the volume ratio of water is 30-80%.
8. A method of manufacturing a frozen confection according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure of the high-pressure water mist is 0.2-0.5 MPa.
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CN202111342393.0A CN114042861A (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Method for manufacturing frozen casting mould |
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CN202111342393.0A CN114042861A (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Method for manufacturing frozen casting mould |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115625290A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-01-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method and device for efficiently refrigerating multi-path internal micropores of frozen sand mold |
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JPH11138235A (en) * | 1994-05-24 | 1999-05-25 | Kimura Chuzosho:Kk | Manufacture of freezed mold and holding method thereof |
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2021
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Title |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115625290A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-01-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method and device for efficiently refrigerating multi-path internal micropores of frozen sand mold |
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