CN114039989A - Low-cost and low-power-consumption data processing method based on NB-IoT system - Google Patents
Low-cost and low-power-consumption data processing method based on NB-IoT system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-cost and low-power consumption data processing method based on an NB-IoT system, which is characterized in that by introducing data space preprocessing and data descriptor information, user data is received from an AP to be transmitted out through RF, only one memory application and one copy processing of the user data are needed, the same memory which is initially applied is only used in the whole process, all operations including IP package, header compression, encryption, package splitting and the like are carried out in the same memory, and frequent application and a large amount of data copy are avoided. The method greatly reduces the peak value of the chip memory, reduces the memory requirement of the chip, reduces the processing load of the CPU and reduces the chip cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of Internet of things, and relates to a low-cost and low-power-consumption data processing method based on an NB-IoT system.
Background
NB-IoT (narrow Band Internet of things) refers to narrow-Band Internet of things technology. NB-IOT focuses on low-cost, low-power, wide-coverage (LPWA), internet of things (IOT) markets, an emerging technology that is widely applicable worldwide. The NB-IoT technology has the characteristics of wider coverage, lower delay requirement, and more access terminals in the same cell, and most importantly, has the advantages of low power consumption and low cost.
The NB-IoT terminal is widely applied to the industry fields with high energy-saving requirements and huge use quantity, such as environment monitoring, smoke sensing, remote meter reading, agriculture, animal husbandry and the like, so that the cost becomes a core factor for better popularization of the NB-IoT terminal. Ultra-large scale production makes NB-IoT terminals more competitive, and "price war" will last long and become more intense.
The NB-IoT technology employs energy saving technologies such as eDRX (Extended discontinuous Reception) and PSM (power Save Mode), so that the battery life of the terminal can be Extended to 5-10 years. Therefore, low power consumption is also a core factor of NB-IoT terminals.
At present, when a data packet of a conventional NB-IoT terminal is transmitted in an NB-IoT chip system, data copying problems exist to different degrees. The data transmission scheme commonly used in the industry at present has a flow as shown in fig. 1:
And 3, pre-applying the length of the PDCP data, adding PDCP header information after header compression and encryption are carried out on the IP data, filling the processed data into the PDCP data, and then sending the address of the PDCP data to the RLC. A third memory copy is made in this step.
And 4, the RLC applies for the memory space of the RLC + MAC data according to the uplink authorization size, fills RLC header information, completes the package processing of the RLC data according to the segmentation information, and sends the address of the RLC data to the MAC. In this step, a fourth memory copy is made.
Step 5, the MAC fills the MAC header into the reserved space to complete the package of the MAC data; the MAC data address is then sent to the Baseband (Baseband) side PHY for processing.
And 6, after receiving the MAC data, the PHY transfers the data to the HRAQ buffer of the copy physical layer. In this step, a fifth memory copy is made.
And 7, the baseband RF encodes, scrambles, modulates, maps and the like the data and then sends out the baseband signal.
By simply introducing the above steps, it can be clearly seen that in the conventional data processing scheme, a total of 5 memory copies are required in the transmission process of one data. The data copy can frequently carry out memory application, copy and release, thereby increasing the memory requirement of the chip, increasing the processing load of the chip and increasing the cost and the power consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a low-cost and low-power-consumption data processing method and device based on an NB-IoT system. By adopting the scheme of the invention, in the process of scrambling and sending the data from the NB-IoT chip to the PHY (Physical layer) of the NB-IoT chip for receiving the peripheral data, multiple memory copies and data copies of the data do not exist, so that zero copy of the data packet is realized in the true sense when the data packet is transmitted in the NB-IoT chip system, the size of a system memory peak value is reduced, and the processing load of the chip is also reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a low-power consumption data processing method based on an NB-IoT system comprises the following steps:
the NAS transparently transmits the memory initial address and offset information of the data to the PDCP;
or the AP directly sends the memory initial address and the offset information of the data to be transmitted to the PDCP at the CP side;
step 4, the RLC receives the initial address and the offset of the data memory sent by the PDCP, performs pre-segmentation and pre-packet processing on the PDCP data to be sent according to the size of uplink authorization, generates an RLC data descriptor, and reserves an MAC data descriptor space in front of the RLC data descriptor; then sending the RLC data descriptor to the MAC;
step 5, after receiving RLC data descriptor information, the MAC adds an MAC head descriptor in the front reserved space of the RLC data descriptor to form an MAC PDU descriptor, and then sends the MAC PDU descriptor to the PHY;
step 6, after receiving the descriptor of the MAC PDU, the PHY restores the MAC PDU according to the processing principle of firstly transverse processing and then longitudinal processing;
and 7, the RF processes the data to be transmitted and then transmits the processed data.
Further, in step 1, in the memory for storing the user data, the reserved space is placed in front, and the user data is placed at a position behind the memory.
Further, in step 1, the data space preprocessing method includes: when user data with length L1 is sent, firstly judging whether the user data needs to be processed by a COAP protocol, if so, pre-calculating the length L2 which needs to be increased after the user data is processed by the COAP according to the format of a COAP message; if the COAP protocol processing is not required, the length of L2 is 0; then, continuing to perform TCP/IP preprocessing, and budgeting the data length L3 which needs to be additionally increased after the TCP/IP processing by combining the IP protocol version, the protocol type, the data length containing L1+ L2 and the like; then continuing to carry out PDCP preprocessing, combining the configuration of a PDCP entity, and adding extra length L4 to the data with the budget length of L1+ L2+ L3 after completing packet packing, encryption, protection and ROHC header compression by the PDCP; plus a headspace length L5; finally, the length of the memory space required to be applied for transmitting the user data is calculated as follows: L-L1 + L2+ L3+ L4+ L5; and according to the information, the specific position of the user data in the memory space is calculated.
Further, in step 3, after receiving the start address and the offset of the data, the PDCP completes the IP header compression.
Further, in step 4, the RLC PDU descriptor generating process includes: the RLC generates an RLC head unit, a control unit and a portable RLC SDU length according to the length of the uplink authorization; then, according to the length of the portable RLC SDU, acquiring the initial address of data to be sent and the length of the data to be sent from the PDCP data; an RLC PDU descriptor is then generated.
Further, the principle of the transverse processing and then the longitudinal processing in the step 6 is as follows: sequentially restoring MAC header information, RLC header information, the data length of RLC SDU and data address information according to the MAC header descriptor and the RLC PDU descriptor in the MAC PDU descriptor; if a plurality of RLC PDU descriptors exist, the process of restoring head cells of the RLC PDUs, the length of the RLC SDUs and the moving process of the SDU data are repeatedly executed in sequence; and then, according to the MAC header information, the RLC header information, the data length and the data pointer information, completing the packaging of RLC SDU and RLC PDU data in the space of the HARQ buffer, and then completing the packaging of the MAC PDU data to generate the final MAC PDU data to be sent.
Further, the processing in step 7 includes: encoding, scrambling, modulating, and mapping.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. when the user data is processed, only one internal memory application and one copy processing of the user data are needed, the processing times of internal memory copy are obviously reduced, redundant data copies generated by mutual copy do not exist in the processing process of the user data, the peak value of the internal memory of the chip is greatly reduced, and the internal memory requirement of the chip is reduced. Therefore, when the chip is selected, the CPU with smaller processing capacity can be selected, and the chip cost is reduced.
2. The operations such as memory application, memory copy and the like can be obviously reduced in the process of transmitting a large amount of data, the working load of a CPU is reduced, and the power consumption of a system is further reduced.
3. According to the scheme of the invention, the AP (application processor) and the CP (communication processor) can apply, operate and release the shared memory no matter whether the AP and the CP are co-core or not through the shared memory. By adopting the data processing method, the data can be transmitted to the CP from the AP without copy and then sent out by the CP.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow diagram of an NB-IoT existing data processing method.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a low-cost and low-power consumption data processing method based on an NB-IoT system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a memory space applied according to the data space preprocessing method in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a data space preprocessing method according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a MAC data descriptor and an RLC data descriptor in the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the generation of RLC data descriptors in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of generating a MAC data descriptor according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating the PHY recovering data according to the MAC data descriptor in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, and it should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Additionally, the steps illustrated in the flow charts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and, although a logical order is illustrated in the flow charts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than here.
The data packet of the present invention is illustrated by taking common IP data as an example, but is not limited to IP type data (Non-IP data is also applicable). The low-power-consumption data processing method based on the NB-IoT system, provided by the invention, has the flow shown in FIG. 2, and comprises the following steps:
The data space preprocessing method comprises the following steps: after receiving the user data, in order to prevent redundant copying of the user data, the size of the memory space required to be applied by the transmission user, the storage position of the data in the memory space, and the like need to be evaluated by a space preprocessing method. As shown in fig. 4, when user data with a length of L1 is sent, it is first determined whether COAP Protocol processing (compact application Protocol, web-like Protocol of the internet of things world) is required, and if so, a length L2 required to be increased after COAP processing is pre-calculated according to a COAP message format; if no COAP protocol processing is required, L2 is 0 in length. Then, the TCP/IP preprocessing is carried out, and in combination with the IP protocol version, the protocol type, the data length (L1+ L2) and the like, the budget needs the additional data length L3 after the TCP/IP processing. Then, continuing to perform PDCP preprocessing, and combining with the configuration of the PDCP entity, the budget data (length L1+ L2+ L3) needs to be added with an extra length L4 after packet packing, ciphering, security completion and ROHC header compression are completed by the PDCP entity. Plus a point headspace length L5. Finally, the length of the memory space required to be applied for transmitting the user data is calculated as follows: L-L1 + L2+ L3+ L4+ L5. And the specific position of the user data in the memory space is calculated according to the information, so that the position of the user data is fixed in the following data processing process without copying and moving.
And 3, after the PDCP receives the initial address and the offset of the data, completing IP header compression (optionally, the IP header compression can reduce the size of an IP packet, so that some IP header information can be transmitted less and some user effective data can be transmitted more), then adding the PDCP header information next to the front of the IP data, then encrypting, and after encryption is completed, updating the offset. And sending the memory starting address and the offset of the data to a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (radio Link control).
In the subsequent steps, data descriptors are generated, and the descriptors mainly used include a MAC PDU descriptor, an RLC PDU descriptor, and an RLC SDU descriptor. The RLC SDU descriptor is composed of an RLC SDU length, an RLC SDU (address), and an RLC NEXT SDU NODE, where the RLC SDU length indicates the length of PDCP data that can be transmitted this time, the RLC SDU (address) indicates an address of PDCP data that can be transmitted this time by the RLC SDU, and the RLC NEXT SDU NODE indicates the NEXT RLC SDU descriptor. The RLC PDU descriptor consists of RLC header length, RLC header contents, RLC data NODE, and RLC NEXT PDU NODE, where RLC data NODE points to the first RLC SDU descriptor in the RLC PDU descriptor and RLC NEXT PDU NODE points to the NEXT RLC PDU descriptor. The MAC PDU descriptor is composed of a MAC header length, a MAC header content, and MAC data, which means descriptor information of the following RLC PDU. The structural design principle is shown in fig. 5. In the Data processing process, an RLC PDU (Protocol Data Unit) descriptor needs to be generated first, and then processing is continued to generate an MAC PDU descriptor. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
step 4, the RLC receives the initial address and the offset of the data memory sent by the PDCP, as shown in fig. 3; acquiring PDCP PDU information, as shown in fig. 5, performing pre-segmentation and pre-packet processing on PDCP data to be transmitted according to the size of uplink grant allocated by the network, generating an RLC PDU descriptor, and reserving a space for storing the MAC header length and the MAC header content of the MAC data descriptor in front of the RLC PDU descriptor. The RLC PDU descriptor includes header information of RLC, length of RLC SDU (Radio link control Service Data Unit) and Data address of RLC SDU. The RLC PDU descriptor is then sent to the MAC. When there are multiple channel channels and the uplink grant is sufficient, multiple RLC PDUs (MAC SDUs) are sent in one MAC PDU at the same time, which means that when there are multiple PDCP data blocks to be sent on the same logical channel, the PDCP data to be sent are associated by the descriptor of the RLC SDU to avoid copying. Fig. 5 shows the case of 2 RLC PDUs in one 1 MAC PDU.
As shown in fig. 6, the RLC needs to carry RLC header information according to the length of the uplink grant, generates RLC header length and RLC header content according to the length of PDCP DATA to be sent, and then generates an RLC SDU descriptor according to the length of the RLC SDU that can be carried, where the RLC SDU descriptor includes RLC SDU length, RLC SDU DATA address, and RLC NEXT SDU NODE, the RLC SDU length is the length of PDCP DATA to be sent or the length of RLC grant (when the PDCP DATA length > the RLC grant length, the RLC grant length DATA is sent first), and the RLC SDU address is the address of PDCP DATA to be sent. If a plurality of PDCPPDUs are pending and the uplink grant is sufficient, the RLC SDU descriptor is continuously generated, and the RLC NEXT SDU NODE points to the RLC SDU descriptor generated later. Until the PDCP PDU transmission is completed or the uplink grant is exhausted. This completes the generation of the RLC PDU descriptor. Note that the front side where the RLC PDU descriptor is stored requires a MAC descriptor space to be reserved. In fig. 6, the PDCPPDU is relatively long in length, and the previous grant only transmits data between address1 and address 2. At this time, since the transmission is started from address2, the grant length is only the size of RLC SDU length 2, and the remaining PDCP packets cannot be transmitted completely, data between address2 and address3 can be transmitted first.
And step 5, after the MAC receives the RLC PDU descriptor information, adding an MAC head descriptor in the front reserved space of the RLC PDU descriptor to form the MAC PDU descriptor. The MAC PDU descriptor (mainly including the MAC header descriptor and the RLC PDU descriptor) is then transmitted to the PHY.
The MAC PDU descriptor generation process is as shown in fig. 7, and according to the MAC entity configuration information, the MAC header information is filled in the reserved space in front of the RLC PDU description to generate the MAC PDU descriptor.
Step 6, after receiving the MAC PDU descriptor, the PHY restores the MAC PDU according to the processing principle of first horizontal processing and then vertical processing, and the processing principle is shown in fig. 8. Specifically, the MAC header information, the RLC header information, the data length of the RLC SDU, the SDU data address and other information are sequentially restored according to the MAC header descriptor and the RLC PDU descriptor in the MAC PDU descriptor, and if there are a plurality of RLC PDU descriptors, the process of restoring the header cell of the RLC PDU, the length of the RLC SDU and the SDU data address is sequentially and repeatedly performed. And then, according to the information such as the MAC header information, the RLC header information, the data length, the data pointer and the like, completing the packaging of RLC SDU and RLC PDU data in the space of the HARQ buffer, and then completing the packaging of the MAC PDU data to generate the final MAC PDU data to be sent.
And 7, the RF transmits the data to be transmitted through encoding, scrambling, modulation, mapping and the like.
In the steps, the data space preprocessing and the data descriptor information are introduced, the data are sent from the moment that the AP receives the user data to the moment that the AP sends the user data to the moment that the RF sends the user data, the same memory which is initially applied is only used in the whole process, all operations including IP packet packing, header compression, encryption, packet splitting and the like are carried out in the same memory, and frequent application and a large amount of data copying are avoided. The processing load of the CPU is reduced, and the requirement of the chip memory is reduced. It is not obvious from the above embodiment that only one memory application and one copy processing of user data are required in the present invention, which significantly reduces the processing times of memory copy and reduces the load of CPU processing; meanwhile, because no data copy exists, the peak value of the chip memory is greatly reduced, and the memory requirement of the chip is reduced. Therefore, compared with the existing scheme, the scheme has obvious power consumption advantages in addition to obvious cost advantages.
The technical means disclosed in the invention scheme are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include the technical scheme formed by any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A low-power consumption data processing method based on an NB-IoT system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, after receiving user data, the peripheral applies for a memory with enough size to store the user data according to a data space preprocessing method, and transmits a data address to an AP;
step 2, after receiving the data, the AP adds a TCP/IP header next to the user data to complete IP packet packaging, then transmits the memory start address and offset information of the stored data to the non-access stratum NAS on the CP side of the communication processor, and then transmits the information to the PDCP in one of the following ways:
the NAS transparently transmits the memory initial address and offset information of the data to the PDCP;
or the AP directly sends the memory initial address and the offset information of the data to be transmitted to the PDCP at the CP side;
step 3, after the PDCP receives the initial address and the offset of the data and adds PDCP header information next to the front of the IP data, encryption is carried out, and after the encryption is finished, the offset is updated; sending the memory initial address and the offset of the data to RLC;
step 4, the RLC receives the initial address and the offset of the data memory sent by the PDCP, performs pre-segmentation and pre-packet processing on the PDCP data to be sent according to the size of uplink authorization, generates an RLC data descriptor, and reserves an MAC data descriptor space in front of the RLC data descriptor; then sending the RLC data descriptor to the MAC;
step 5, after receiving RLC data descriptor information, the MAC adds an MAC head descriptor in the front reserved space of the RLC data descriptor to form an MAC PDU descriptor, and then sends the MAC PDU descriptor to the PHY;
step 6, after receiving the descriptor of the MAC PDU, the PHY restores the MAC PDU according to the processing principle of firstly transverse processing and then longitudinal processing;
and 7, the RF processes the data to be transmitted and then transmits the processed data.
2. The NB-IoT system-based low-power data processing method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the reserved space is placed in front of the memory for storing the user data, and the user data is placed in the back of the memory.
3. The NB-IoT system-based low-power consumption data processing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the data space preprocessing method is as follows: when user data with length L1 is sent, firstly judging whether the user data needs to be processed by a COAP protocol, if so, pre-calculating the length L2 which needs to be increased after the user data is processed by the COAP according to the format of a COAP message; if the COAP protocol processing is not required, the length of L2 is 0; then, continuing to perform TCP/IP preprocessing, and budgeting the data length L3 which needs to be additionally increased after the TCP/IP processing by combining the IP protocol version, the protocol type, the data length containing L1+ L2 and the like; then continuing to carry out PDCP preprocessing, combining the configuration of a PDCP entity, and adding extra length L4 to the data with the budget length of L1+ L2+ L3 after completing packet packing, encryption, protection and ROHC header compression by the PDCP; plus a headspace length L5; finally, the length of the memory space required to be applied for transmitting the user data is calculated as follows: L-L1 + L2+ L3+ L4+ L5; and according to the information, the specific position of the user data in the memory space is calculated.
4. The NB-IoT system-based low-power data processing method according to claim 1, wherein: in step 3, after receiving the start address and the offset of the data, the PDCP completes the IP header compression.
5. The NB-IoT system-based low-power data processing method according to claim 1, wherein: in step 4, the RLC PDU descriptor generating process includes: the RLC generates an RLC head unit, a control unit and a portable RLC SDU length according to the length of the uplink authorization; then, according to the length of the portable RLC SDU, acquiring the initial address of data to be sent and the length of the data to be sent from the PDCP data; an RLC PDU descriptor is then generated.
6. The NB-IoT system-based low-power data processing method according to claim 1, wherein: the principle of firstly performing transverse processing and then performing longitudinal processing in the step 6 is as follows: sequentially restoring MAC header information, RLC header information, the data length of RLC SDU and data address information according to the MAC header descriptor and the RLC PDU descriptor in the MAC PDU descriptor; if a plurality of RLC PDU descriptors exist, the process of restoring head cells of the RLC PDUs, the length of the RLC SDUs and the moving process of the SDU data are repeatedly executed in sequence; and then, according to the MAC header information, the RLC header information, the data length and the data pointer information, completing the packaging of RLC SDU and RLC PDU data in the space of the HARQ buffer, and then completing the packaging of the MAC PDU data to generate the final MAC PDU data to be sent.
7. The NB-IoT system-based low-power data processing method according to claim 1, wherein: the step 7 of processing comprises the following steps: encoding, scrambling, modulating, and mapping.
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