CN114039508A - Nonlinear piezoelectric energy collecting device - Google Patents
Nonlinear piezoelectric energy collecting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114039508A CN114039508A CN202111289977.6A CN202111289977A CN114039508A CN 114039508 A CN114039508 A CN 114039508A CN 202111289977 A CN202111289977 A CN 202111289977A CN 114039508 A CN114039508 A CN 114039508A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
- H02N2/188—Vibration harvesters adapted for resonant operation
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Abstract
The invention provides a nonlinear piezoelectric energy collecting device, comprising: the device comprises a magnetic circuit motion unit, a piezoelectric element, a cantilever beam, a wave spring, a second upright post, a mass block, a magnet bracket, a rectangular base and a first upright post; a first upright column, a second upright column and a magnet support are vertically arranged on the same side of the rectangular base, and the magnet support is arranged between the first upright column and the second upright column; one end of the cantilever beam is fixedly arranged on the first upright column and is set as a fixed end, the other end of the cantilever beam extends to the magnet support and is set as a free end, a wave spring and a mass block are arranged in the second upright column, and the mass block is connected with the wave spring; a plurality of block-shaped permanent magnets are arranged at the free end of the cantilever beam and the magnet support, and a piezoelectric element is arranged at the fixed end of the cantilever beam; the magnetic circuit motion unit is connected with the mass block; the device increases the amplitude of the energy collecting device by introducing the nonlinear permanent magnetic force, improves the working efficiency of the energy collecting device and widens the working bandwidth of the energy collecting device.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of piezoelectric energy harvesting, and in particular, to a nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting device.
Background
With the development and combination of internet technology and sensor technology, internet of things technology is growing and becoming more and more important in our daily life. However, electronic devices such as sensors are limited by energy supply by chemical primary batteries and the like, the energy of the chemical primary batteries is limited, and frequent replacement of the batteries not only consumes a large amount of manpower and material resources, but also causes problems of environmental pollution and the like. Even in some special occasions, the power supply of the sensor node cannot be replaced, and the relatively laggard traditional energy supply mode seriously restricts the development of the internet of things technology. Accordingly, there is increasing interest in utilizing vibration energy that is widely present in the environment to power electronic devices such as sensors. Among the vibration energy collecting devices, the piezoelectric energy collecting device has the advantages of simple and compact structure, mature process, low cost and the like, and becomes one of the mainstream vibration energy harvesting devices at present.
The initial piezoelectric energy harvesting device is a linear energy harvesting device using a linear cantilever beam as a vibrator, and for example, patent CN105305882B discloses a multidirectional piezoelectric vibration energy harvester. The energy capturing unit of the device is a linear combination of a cantilever beam, a mass block and a spring. The piezoelectric energy collecting device based on the linear structure has a simple structure, but is limited by the defects of extremely narrow passband, high resonant frequency, low energy collecting efficiency and the like in practical application, so that the piezoelectric energy collecting device is difficult to be put into practical use.
The proposal of the nonlinear piezoelectric energy collecting device widens the working bandwidth of the initial piezoelectric energy collecting device and improves the working efficiency of the piezoelectric energy collecting device. For example, patent CN105553331B discloses a nonlinear low-frequency piezoelectric vibration energy harvester, which utilizes the mutual repulsive nonlinear permanent magnetic force between permanent magnets to realize nonlinear energy harvesting. Although the nonlinear energy collecting device effectively widens the working bandwidth of the energy collecting device, the resonant frequency of the energy collecting device is reduced, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved by increasing the amplitude of the oscillator. However, during the operation process, especially when the external excitation is weak, the nonlinear energy collecting device is difficult to overcome the potential barrier generated by the nonlinear force and is limited to the small vibration of a single potential well, and the operation efficiency and the operation bandwidth are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a non-linear piezoelectric energy harvesting device.
According to the present invention, there is provided a nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting apparatus comprising: the device comprises a magnetic circuit motion unit, a piezoelectric element, a cantilever beam, a wave spring, a second upright post, a mass block, a magnet bracket, a rectangular base and a first upright post;
the first upright column, the second upright column and the magnet support are vertically arranged on the same side of the rectangular base, and the magnet support is arranged between the first upright column and the second upright column;
one end of the cantilever beam is fixedly installed on the first upright column and is set as a fixed end, the other end of the cantilever beam extends to the magnet support and is set as a free end, the wave spring and the mass block are installed in the second upright column, and the mass block is connected with the wave spring;
a plurality of block-shaped permanent magnets are arranged at the free end of the cantilever beam and the magnet bracket, and the piezoelectric element is arranged at the fixed end of the cantilever beam;
one end of the magnetic circuit motion unit is installed in the first upright post, and the other end of the magnetic circuit motion unit is installed in the second upright post and connected with the mass block;
the magnetic circuit movement unit is provided with a magnetic conduction plate, and the magnetic conduction plate is arranged between the free end of the cantilever beam and the magnet bracket.
Preferably, the magnetic circuit moving unit further includes: the flexible rubber plate comprises a first flexible rubber plate, a second flexible rubber plate and a third flexible rubber plate;
the magnetic conduction plate comprises: a first magnetic conductive plate and a second magnetic conductive plate;
the first flexible rubber plate is arranged in a U shape, and two ends of the first flexible rubber plate are fixedly provided with one end of the first magnetic conduction plate and one end of the second magnetic conduction plate;
the other end of the first magnetic conduction plate is fixedly connected with one end of the second flexible rubber plate;
the other end of the second magnetic conduction plate is fixedly connected with one end of the third flexible rubber plate;
the first magnetic conduction plate and the second magnetic conduction plate are parallel.
Preferably, the wave spring includes: a second wave spring and a first wave spring;
the second wave spring and the first wave spring are vertically arranged in the second upright post, and a fixed block is arranged at one end, back to the rectangular base, of the second upright post;
one end of the first wave spring is fixedly connected with the rectangular base, and the other end of the first wave spring is fixedly connected with one end of the mass block;
one end of the second wave spring is fixedly connected with the other end of the mass block, and the other end of the second wave spring is fixedly connected with the fixed block.
Preferably, a first through hole group is arranged on the side surface of the first upright post, and a second through hole group is arranged on the side surface of the second upright post;
one side, back to the first magnetic conduction plate, of the first flexible rubber plate is installed in the first upright post through the first through hole group;
the second flexible rubber plate and the third flexible rubber plate are respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of the mass block through the second through hole group.
Preferably, the cantilever beam is arranged between two ends of the first flexible rubber plate;
the free end of the cantilever beam is arranged between the first magnetic conduction plate and the second magnetic conduction plate, and the distance between the free end of the cantilever beam and the first magnetic conduction plate is the same as that between the free end of the cantilever beam and the second magnetic conduction plate.
Preferably, the magnet support is arranged to be of a C shape, and the magnet support is arranged such that a first convex edge and a second convex edge respectively extend from two ends of the vertical plate to one side vertically;
the first convex edge and the second convex edge are parallel to the first magnetic conduction plate and the second magnetic conduction plate, and the first convex edge is installed on the rectangular base.
Preferably, the block permanent magnet includes: a third block permanent magnet, a first block permanent magnet, a second block permanent magnet, and a fourth block permanent magnet;
the third block-shaped permanent magnet is arranged at the free end of the cantilever beam facing one side of the first magnetic conduction plate, and the fourth block-shaped permanent magnet is arranged at the free end of the cantilever beam facing one side of the second magnetic conduction plate;
the first convex edge faces one side of the second magnetic conduction plate and is installed on the second block permanent magnet, and the second convex edge faces one side of the first magnetic conduction plate and is installed on the first block permanent magnet.
Preferably, the third block permanent magnet, the first block permanent magnet, the second block permanent magnet, the fourth block permanent magnet, the first magnetic conductive plate and the second magnetic conductive plate are overlapped along the center of the vertical direction;
the third block permanent magnet is different from the first block permanent magnet in magnetic polarity, and the second block permanent magnet is different from the fourth block permanent magnet in magnetic polarity.
Preferably, the piezoelectric elements are adhered to two sides of the fixed end of the cantilever beam;
the piezoelectric element comprises piezoelectric ceramic or a flexible piezoelectric element polyvinylidene fluoride.
Preferably, the cantilever beam, the second upright post, the mass block, the magnet support, the rectangular base, the first upright post, the second wave spring and the first wave spring are made of non-magnetic conductive metal materials;
the first magnetic conduction plate and the second magnetic conduction plate are made of metal materials with magnetic conductivity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the device increases the amplitude of the energy collecting device by introducing the nonlinear permanent magnetic force, improves the working efficiency of the energy collecting device and widens the working bandwidth of the energy collecting device;
2. the device utilizes the change of an external magnetic circuit to help the device break through an energy barrier generated by nonlinear permanent magnetic force in the working process so as to realize and keep large-amplitude inter-well motion, the working efficiency and the practicability of the nonlinear energy collecting device are obviously improved, and the defect that the conventional common nonlinear piezoelectric energy collecting device is easily limited in a single potential well under the low excitation condition so as to reduce the working efficiency and the working bandwidth is overcome;
3. the device is compact in structure and strong in practicability, can be widely applied to vibration energy collection of mechanical structures, building structures and the like, can realize energy supply of low-power-consumption devices without consuming any fossil energy through collection of external vibration energy, and is an environment-friendly energy collection device.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a second column;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic circuit moving unit;
shown in the figure:
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting apparatus includes: the piezoelectric vibration generator comprises a magnetic circuit motion unit, a piezoelectric element 1, a cantilever beam 3, a wave spring, a second upright post 10, a mass block 12, a magnet support 14, a rectangular base 16 and a first upright post 17; a first upright column 17, a second upright column 10 and a magnet support 14 are vertically arranged on the same side of the rectangular base 16, and the magnet support 14 is arranged between the first upright column 17 and the second upright column 10; one end of the cantilever beam 3 is fixedly arranged on the first upright post 17 and is set as a fixed end, the other end of the cantilever beam 3 extends to the magnet support 14 and is set as a free end, a wave spring and a mass block 12 are arranged in the second upright post 10, the mass block 12 is connected with the wave spring, a plurality of block-shaped permanent magnets are arranged on the free end of the cantilever beam 3 and the magnet support 14, and the fixed end of the cantilever beam 3 is provided with the piezoelectric element 1; one end of the magnetic circuit moving unit is installed in the first upright post 17, and the other end of the magnetic circuit moving unit is installed in the second upright post 10 and connected with the mass block 12. The wave spring includes: a second wave spring 9 and a first wave spring 11; a second wave spring 9 and a first wave spring 11 are vertically arranged in a second upright post 10, a fixed block 8 is arranged at one end, back to a rectangular base 16, of the second upright post 10, one end of the first wave spring 11 is fixedly connected with the rectangular base 16, the other end of the first wave spring 11 is fixedly connected with one end of a mass block 12, one end of the second wave spring 9 is fixedly connected with the other end of the mass block 12, and the other end of the second wave spring 9 is fixedly connected with the fixed block 8. Piezoelectric elements 1 are pasted on two sides of the fixed end of the cantilever beam 3, and the piezoelectric elements 1 comprise piezoelectric ceramics or flexible piezoelectric elements polyvinylidene fluoride.
As shown in fig. 2, the magnetic circuit moving unit further includes: a first flexible rubber sheet 2, a second flexible rubber sheet 7, and a third flexible rubber sheet 18; the magnetic circuit moving unit is provided with a magnetic conductive plate, and the magnetic conductive plate is arranged between the free end of the cantilever beam 3 and the magnet bracket 14; the magnetic conduction plate includes: first magnetic conduction board 5 and second magnetic conduction board 19, first flexible rubber slab 2 sets up to the U type, and 2 both ends fixed mounting first magnetic conduction board 5 one end and second magnetic conduction board 19 one end of first flexible rubber slab 2, 5 other end fixed connection second flexible rubber slab 7 one end of first magnetic conduction board, 19 other end fixed connection third flexible rubber slab 18 one end of second magnetic conduction board, first magnetic conduction board 5 and second magnetic conduction board 19 are parallel. The side surface of the first upright post 17 is provided with a first through hole group, and the side surface of the second upright post 10 is provided with a second through hole group; one side of the first flexible rubber plate 2, which faces away from the first magnetic conduction plate 5, is installed in the first upright post 17 through the first through hole group, and the second flexible rubber plate 7 and the third flexible rubber plate 18 are respectively and fixedly connected with the two ends of the mass block 12 through the second through hole group.
The cantilever beam 3 is arranged between two ends of the first flexible rubber plate 2, the free end of the cantilever beam 3 is arranged between the first magnetic conduction plate 5 and the second magnetic conduction plate 19, and the distance between the free end of the cantilever beam 3 and the first magnetic conduction plate 5 is the same as that between the free end of the cantilever beam 3 and the second magnetic conduction plate 19. Magnet support 14 sets up to the C type, and magnet support 14 sets up to vertical board both ends and extends first chimb and second chimb to one side respectively perpendicularly, and first chimb and second chimb are on a parallel with first magnetic conduction board 5 and second magnetic conduction board 19, and first chimb is installed on rectangle base 16. The block-shaped permanent magnet includes: a third block permanent magnet 4, a first block permanent magnet 6, a second block permanent magnet 13, and a fourth block permanent magnet 15; the free end of the cantilever beam 3 is provided with a third block-shaped permanent magnet 4 facing one side of the first magnetic conduction plate 5, the free end of the cantilever beam 3 is provided with a fourth block-shaped permanent magnet 15 facing one side of the second magnetic conduction plate 19, the first convex edge is provided with a second block-shaped permanent magnet 13 facing one side of the second magnetic conduction plate 19, and the second convex edge is provided with a first block-shaped permanent magnet 6 facing one side of the first magnetic conduction plate 5. The third block permanent magnet 4, the first block permanent magnet 6, the second block permanent magnet 13, the fourth block permanent magnet 15, the first magnetic conduction plate 5 and the second magnetic conduction plate 19 are superposed along the center of the vertical direction, the third block permanent magnet 4 and the first block permanent magnet 6 have different magnetic polarities, and the second block permanent magnet 13 and the fourth block permanent magnet 15 have different magnetic polarities. The cantilever beam 3, the second upright post 10, the mass block 12, the magnet bracket 14, the rectangular base 16, the first upright post 17, the second wave spring 9 and the first wave spring 11 are made of non-magnetic conductive metal materials, and the first magnetic conductive plate 5 and the second magnetic conductive plate 19 are made of magnetic conductive metal materials.
The working principle is as follows:
the piezoelectric element 1 is strained to generate electric energy by the reciprocating motion of the cantilever beam 3 in the device under the combined action of external excitation and nonlinear permanent magnetic force between the blocky permanent magnets. When the cantilever beam 3 leaves the initial position under the action of external excitation, the magnetic field between the block permanent magnets penetrates through the magnetic path provided by the magnetic conduction plate to form attraction force, so that the amplitude of the cantilever beam 3 is increased. The mass block 12 in the second upright post 10 keeps vertical motion in the same direction with the cantilever beam 3 under the action of external excitation, and drives the magnetic conduction plate in the magnetic circuit motion unit to move horizontally, so that the attraction among the blocky permanent magnets and the energy barrier formed by the permanent magnet force are changed. When the external vibration direction is changed, the attraction force and the energy barrier between the block permanent magnets are reduced because the magnetic circuit is changed by the movement of the magnetic conduction plate, and the cantilever beam 3 is beneficial to breaking through the energy barrier generated by the nonlinear permanent magnetic force and keeping consistent with the external excitation direction, so that the large-amplitude inter-well motion is realized and kept, the working efficiency of the designed device is improved, and the working bandwidth of the designed device is widened.
Example 2
Example 2 is a preferred example of example 1.
The embodiment comprises the following steps: the device comprises a fixed support, a magnetic circuit motion unit, a cantilever beam 3, a piezoelectric element 1, a block-shaped permanent magnet, a fixed block 8 and a wave spring. The fixed bolster includes: the magnetic support comprises a rectangular base 16, a magnet support 14 fixedly arranged on the rectangular base 16, a first upright post 17 and a second upright post 10 fixedly arranged on the rectangular base 16. All elements included in the fixed support are made of non-magnetic metal materials such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel. The main structure of the first upright column 17 is a cuboid which is hollow inside and is provided with a first through hole group on the side surface along the up-down symmetrical position of the middle part, and the main structure of the second upright column 10 is a cuboid which is hollow inside and is provided with a second through hole group on the side surface along the up-down symmetrical position of the middle part. The middle part of the first upright post 17 is fixedly connected with a cantilever beam 3, and the cantilever beam 3 is made of metal materials with good elasticity and non-magnetic conductivity, such as copper alloy and the like. The first blocky permanent magnet 6 is arranged on the inner side of the second convex edge of the C-shaped magnet support 14, and the second blocky permanent magnet 13 is arranged on the inner side of the first convex edge. The upper surface and the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam 3 are respectively provided with a third block-shaped permanent magnet 4 and a fourth block-shaped permanent magnet 15. The first block permanent magnet 6 has a different magnetic polarity from the facing surface of the third block permanent magnet 4, and the second block permanent magnet 13 has a different magnetic polarity from the facing surface of the fourth block permanent magnet 15. The first block permanent magnet 6, the second block permanent magnet 13, the third block permanent magnet 4 and the fourth block permanent magnet 15 are neodymium iron boron permanent magnets. The piezoelectric element 1 is uniformly bonded from the fixed end of the cantilever beam 3 to the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle section of the cantilever beam 3. The piezoelectric element 1 can be made of piezoelectric ceramics PZT or flexible piezoelectric element polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
The magnetic circuit motion unit comprises a first flexible rubber plate 2, a second flexible rubber plate 7, a third flexible rubber plate 18, a first magnetic conduction plate 5, a second magnetic conduction plate 19 and a mass block 12. The first flexible rubber plate 2, the third flexible rubber plate 18 and the second flexible rubber plate 7 are made of polymer materials with good elasticity and low magnetic permeability, such as natural rubber. The first magnetic conduction plate 5 and the second magnetic conduction plate 19 are made of metal materials with high magnetic permeability such as iron, nickel, manganese and the like. The mass 12 is made of a non-magnetic metal material such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel. The two ends of the first flexible rubber plate 2 pass through the first through hole group of the first upright column 17 and are fixedly connected with one end of a first magnetic conduction plate 5 and one end of a second magnetic conduction plate 19 respectively, one end of the second flexible rubber plate 7 is fixedly connected with the other end of the first magnetic conduction plate 5, the other end of the second flexible rubber plate 7 passes through the second through hole group of the second upright column 10 and is fixedly connected with a mass block 12 in the second upright column 10, one end of a third flexible rubber plate 18 is fixedly connected with the other end of the second magnetic conduction plate 19, and the other end of the third flexible rubber plate 18 passes through the second through hole group of the second upright column 10 and is fixedly connected with the mass block 12 in the second upright column 10.
In the initial state, the centers of the first block permanent magnet 6, the second block permanent magnet 13, the third block permanent magnet 4, the fourth block permanent magnet 15 and the magnetic conductive plate 5 are on the same vertical line. A first wave spring 11 is arranged at the center of the inner side of the lower end face of the second upright post 10 along the vertical direction, one end of the first wave spring 11 is fixedly connected with a rectangular base 16, and the other end of the first wave spring 11 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the mass block 12. The top end of the second upright post 10 is connected with a fixed block 8, a second wave spring 9 is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the fixed block 8 along the vertical direction, one end of the second wave spring 9 is fixedly connected with the fixed block 8, and the other end of the second wave spring 9 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of a mass block 12. A first wave spring 11; the second wave spring 9 and the fixed block 8 are made of non-magnetic metal materials such as stainless steel.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in addition to implementing the system and its various devices, modules, units provided by the present invention as pure computer readable program code, the system and its various devices, modules, units provided by the present invention can be fully implemented by logically programming method steps in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Therefore, the system and various devices, modules and units thereof provided by the invention can be regarded as a hardware component, and the devices, modules and units included in the system for realizing various functions can also be regarded as structures in the hardware component; means, modules, units for performing the various functions may also be regarded as structures within both software modules and hardware components for performing the method.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting apparatus, comprising: the piezoelectric vibration generator comprises a magnetic circuit motion unit, a piezoelectric element (1), a cantilever beam (3), a wave spring, a second upright post (10), a mass block (12), a magnet support (14), a rectangular base (16) and a first upright post (17);
the first upright column (17), the second upright column (10) and the magnet support (14) are vertically arranged on the same side of the rectangular base (16), and the magnet support (14) is arranged between the first upright column (17) and the second upright column (10);
one end of the cantilever beam (3) is fixedly arranged on the first upright post (17) and is set as a fixed end, the other end of the cantilever beam (3) extends to the magnet support (14) and is set as a free end, the wave spring and the mass block (12) are arranged in the second upright post (10), and the mass block (12) is connected with the wave spring;
a plurality of block-shaped permanent magnets are arranged at the free end of the cantilever beam (3) and the magnet bracket (14), and the piezoelectric element (1) is arranged at the fixed end of the cantilever beam (3);
one end of the magnetic circuit moving unit is arranged in the first upright post (17), and the other end of the magnetic circuit moving unit is arranged in the second upright post (10) and connected with the mass block (12);
the magnetic circuit movement unit is provided with a magnetic conduction plate, and the magnetic conduction plate is arranged between the free end of the cantilever beam (3) and the magnet bracket (14).
2. The nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic circuit moving unit further comprises: a first flexible rubber plate (2), a second flexible rubber plate (7), and a third flexible rubber plate (18);
the magnetic conduction plate comprises: a first magnetic conductive plate (5) and a second magnetic conductive plate (19);
the first flexible rubber plate (2) is U-shaped, and one end of the first magnetic conduction plate (5) and one end of the second magnetic conduction plate (19) are fixedly installed at two ends of the first flexible rubber plate (2);
the other end of the first magnetic conduction plate (5) is fixedly connected with one end of the second flexible rubber plate (7);
the other end of the second magnetic conduction plate (19) is fixedly connected with one end of the third flexible rubber plate (18);
the first magnetic conduction plate (5) and the second magnetic conduction plate (19) are parallel.
3. The nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting device of claim 2, wherein the wave spring comprises: a second wave spring (9) and a first wave spring (11);
the second wave spring (9) and the first wave spring (11) are vertically arranged in the second upright post (10), and a fixed block (8) is arranged at one end, back to the rectangular base (16), of the second upright post (10);
one end of the first wave spring (11) is fixedly connected with the rectangular base (16), and the other end of the first wave spring (11) is fixedly connected with one end of the mass block (12);
one end of the second wave spring (9) is fixedly connected with the other end of the mass block (12), and the other end of the second wave spring (9) is fixedly connected with the fixed block (8).
4. The nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting apparatus of claim 3, wherein: a first through hole group is arranged on the side surface of the first upright post (17), and a second through hole group is arranged on the side surface of the second upright post (10);
one side, back to the first magnetic conduction plate (5), of the first flexible rubber plate (2) is installed in the first upright post (17) through the first through hole group;
the second flexible rubber plate (7) and the third flexible rubber plate (18) are respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of the mass block (12) through the second through hole group.
5. The nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the cantilever beam (3) is arranged between two ends of the first flexible rubber plate (2);
the free end of the cantilever beam (3) is arranged between the first magnetic conduction plate (5) and the second magnetic conduction plate (19), and the distance between the free end of the cantilever beam (3) and the first magnetic conduction plate (5) is the same as that between the free end of the cantilever beam and the second magnetic conduction plate (19).
6. The nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the magnet support (14) is C-shaped, and a first convex edge and a second convex edge respectively extend from two ends of the vertical plate to one side of the vertical plate in a vertical mode;
the first convex edge and the second convex edge are parallel to the first magnetic conduction plate (5) and the second magnetic conduction plate (19), and the first convex edge is installed on the rectangular base (16).
7. The nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting device of claim 6, wherein the bulk permanent magnet comprises: a third block permanent magnet (4), a first block permanent magnet (6), a second block permanent magnet (13), and a fourth block permanent magnet (15);
the third block-shaped permanent magnet (4) is arranged at the free end of the cantilever beam (3) facing to one side of the first magnetic conduction plate (5), and the fourth block-shaped permanent magnet (15) is arranged at the free end of the cantilever beam (3) facing to one side of the second magnetic conduction plate (19);
the first convex edge faces to one side of the second magnetic conduction plate (19) and is installed on the second block-shaped permanent magnet (13), and the second convex edge faces to one side of the first magnetic conduction plate (5) and is installed on the first block-shaped permanent magnet (6).
8. The nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the third block-shaped permanent magnet (4), the first block-shaped permanent magnet (6), the second block-shaped permanent magnet (13), the fourth block-shaped permanent magnet (15), the first magnetic conduction plate (5) and the second magnetic conduction plate (19) are overlapped along the center of the vertical direction;
the third block permanent magnet (4) and the first block permanent magnet (6) are different in magnetic polarity, and the second block permanent magnet (13) and the fourth block permanent magnet (15) are different in magnetic polarity.
9. The nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the piezoelectric element (1) is adhered to two sides of the fixed end of the cantilever beam (3);
the piezoelectric element (1) comprises piezoelectric ceramics or a flexible piezoelectric element polyvinylidene fluoride.
10. The nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the cantilever beam (3), the second upright post (10), the mass block (12), the magnet bracket (14), the rectangular base (16), the first upright post (17), the second wave spring (9) and the first wave spring (11) have no magnetic permeability;
the first magnetic conduction plate (5) and the second magnetic conduction plate (19) have magnetic conductivity.
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