CN114039453B - Gas turbine generator set started by alternating current exciter of brushless generator and starting method thereof - Google Patents
Gas turbine generator set started by alternating current exciter of brushless generator and starting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114039453B CN114039453B CN202111193605.3A CN202111193605A CN114039453B CN 114039453 B CN114039453 B CN 114039453B CN 202111193605 A CN202111193605 A CN 202111193605A CN 114039453 B CN114039453 B CN 114039453B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/008—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output wherein the generator is controlled by the requirements of the prime mover
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/08—Control of generator circuit during starting or stopping of driving means, e.g. for initiating excitation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
- H02P9/305—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/36—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using armature-reaction-excited machines
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a gas turbine generator set started by an alternating current exciter of a brushless generator and a starting method thereof, wherein in the starting stage of the generator set, the alternating current exciter is used for executing the working mode of a starter, the generator and a single-shaft gas turbine which are coaxially arranged are driven by the alternating current exciter to rotate, and when the rotating speed of the generator set reaches 80% of the rated rotating speed, the alternating current exciter is switched back to the working mode of the exciter so as to normally excite and grid-connected power generation after the generator set is started. The gas turbine generator set utilizes the internal alternating current exciter to serve as a starting motor and an exciter, an external starting device is not required to be arranged independently, the axial size of the whole gas turbine generator set is greatly reduced, the weight is reduced, the cost is reduced, the structure is simplified, the gas turbine generator set can be well suitable for a scene with strict space requirements, and the unit maintenance is relatively simple.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of small and medium-sized single-shaft gas turbine generator sets, in particular to a gas turbine generator set which is started by using an alternating current exciter of a brushless generator, and further particularly relates to a starting method of the gas turbine generator set.
Background
On the structure of a small and medium single-shaft gas turbine generator set, a gas turbine is usually connected with a speed reducer and then connected with a generator, the generator generally adopts a brushless excitation synchronous generator which comprises a three-stage structure of a main generator, an alternating current exciter and an attached exciter, and an external starting device (generally a starting motor or a hydraulic motor) is arranged on the speed reducer. When starting, the external starting device drives the gas turbine to ignite at a rotating speed, then the unit ignites, and meanwhile, the external starting device continues to push the unit to increase the speed until power generated by the combustion of fuel of the unit can maintain the stable operation of the unit, at the moment, the external starting device is disengaged, the disengaged rotating speed is generally between 45% and 60% of the rated rotating speed, and the unit continues to increase the speed until the starting is completed.
However, because the existing small and medium-sized single-shaft gas turbine generator set adopts a special external starting device, the system is complex, the weight is heavy, the cost is high, the generator set is not suitable for scenes with compact structural layout, particularly on offshore platforms and ships, and meanwhile, the maintenance of the generator set is relatively complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a gas turbine generator set started by an alternating current exciter of a brushless generator and a starting method thereof, which aim to solve the defects of the traditional small and medium single-shaft gas turbine generator set.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas turbine generator set started with an ac exciter of a brushless generator, including a brushless synchronous generator, a reducer, and a single-shaft gas turbine, coaxially mounted in this order, the brushless synchronous generator including a permanent magnet-attached exciter, an ac exciter, and a generator, coaxially mounted in this order, wherein the generator is mounted near the reducer, the ac exciter performs a starter operation mode at the time of starting the set, starts the gas turbine generator set as a power source, and performs an exciter operation mode after the set rotation speed reaches 80% of a rated rotation speed.
Further, a rotor winding of the alternating-current exciter is connected to an excitation winding of the generator through a rotating rectifier, a first centrifugal switch is connected between a first output end and a second output end of the rotor winding of the alternating-current exciter, a second centrifugal switch is connected between a second output end and a third output end of the rotor winding of the alternating-current exciter, the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch are normally closed switches, the rotor winding of the alternating-current exciter is in short circuit through the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch in a working mode of the starter, the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch are automatically separated when the rotating speed of the unit reaches 80% of a rated rotating speed, and the alternating-current exciter executes the working mode.
Further, the stator winding of the alternating-current exciter is respectively connected with the excitation controller and the starting frequency converter, a coil tap of the stator winding of the alternating-current exciter is connected into the junction box, the switching connection form is controlled through contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 arranged in the junction box, the stator winding of the alternating-current exciter is connected to the starting frequency converter in a star connection mode in a starter working mode, and the stator winding is connected to the excitation controller in a series connection mode in an exciter working mode.
Further, the first end of the first group of stator windings is connected with the normally open contact of the contactor KM1 and the excitation controller respectively, the second end is connected with the starting frequency converter and the normally closed contact of the contactor KM1 respectively, the first end of the second group of stator windings is connected with the normally closed contact of the contactor KM1 and the normally open contact of the contactor KM2 respectively, the second end is connected with the starting frequency converter and the normally closed contact of the contactor KM2 respectively, the first end of the third group of stator windings is connected with the normally closed contact of the contactor KM2 and the normally open contact of the contactor KM3 respectively, and the second end is connected with the starting frequency converter and the excitation controller respectively.
Further, when the unit is started, the contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 act, a stator winding of the alternating-current exciter is in a star connection method, a rotor winding is in short connection with the second centrifugal switch through the first centrifugal switch, the alternating-current exciter executes a starter working mode, the alternating-current exciter is driven to work through the starting frequency converter so as to drag the single-shaft gas turbine to an ignition rotating speed, then the single-shaft gas turbine and the alternating-current exciter exert a force together to push the unit to increase in speed, when 50% of rated rotating speed is reached, the starting frequency converter is disconnected, meanwhile, the contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 act to recover to an initial state, the stator winding of the alternating-current exciter is connected to the excitation controller in a series connection method, the single-shaft gas turbine pushes the unit to continue to increase in speed, when 80% of rated rotating speed is reached, the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch are automatically disconnected, the alternating-current exciter executes an exciter working mode, and when 100% of rated rotating speed is reached, the excitation controller controls the unit to be normally excited and connected to a grid-connected to generate electricity.
Further, the coil diameter of the stator winding of the ac exciter is increased by 2 to 5 times.
Further, the coil diameter of the stator winding of the ac exciter is increased by 2 to 3 times.
Further, the gas turbine generator set still includes the base, brushless synchronous generator, reduction gear and unipolar gas turbine all install in the base.
In addition, the invention also provides a starting method of the gas turbine generator set, which is used for controlling the gas turbine generator set to start, and comprises the following steps:
when the unit starts, the AC exciter is controlled to execute the working mode of the starter, and the AC exciter is used as a power source to start the gas turbine generator set;
after the rotating speed of the unit reaches 80% of the rated rotating speed, controlling the alternating-current exciter to execute an exciter working mode;
and after the rotating speed of the unit reaches 100% of the rated rotating speed, controlling the unit to carry out excitation and grid-connected power generation.
Further, in the starting stage of the unit, the contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 are controlled to act first, so that the stator winding of the ac exciter is connected to the starting frequency converter in a star connection manner, the rotor winding is short-circuited through the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch, the ac exciter performs a starter working mode, and the starting frequency converter is used for driving the ac exciter to work so as to drag the single-shaft gas turbine to an ignition rotating speed;
then, the single-shaft gas turbine and the alternating-current exciter jointly exert force to push the unit to increase the speed, when the rated speed reaches 50%, the starting frequency converter is controlled to be switched off, meanwhile, the contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 are controlled to move to recover to the initial state, and a stator winding of the alternating-current exciter is connected to an excitation controller in a series connection mode;
and the single-shaft gas turbine pushes the unit to continuously increase the speed, when the rated speed of the unit reaches 80%, the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch are automatically switched off, and the alternating-current exciter executes an exciter working mode.
The invention has the following effects:
the invention relates to a gas turbine generator set started by an alternating current exciter of a brushless generator, which utilizes the alternating current exciter to execute a starter working mode at the starting stage of the set, the gas turbine generator set is started as a power source, the alternating current exciter drives a coaxially installed generator and a single-shaft gas turbine to rotate, the single-shaft gas turbine and the alternating current exciter jointly exert force to push the set to increase the speed after the single-shaft gas turbine is dragged to the ignition rotating speed, and the alternating current exciter is switched back to the exciter working mode when the rotating speed of the set reaches 80 percent of the rated rotating speed so as to normally excite and grid-connected power generation after the set is started. The gas turbine generator set utilizes the internal alternating current exciter to serve as a starting motor and an exciter, an external starting device is not required to be arranged independently, the axial size of the whole gas turbine generator set is greatly reduced, the weight is reduced, the cost is reduced, the structure is simplified, the gas turbine generator set can be well suitable for a scene with strict space requirements, and the unit maintenance is relatively simple.
In addition, the starting method of the gas turbine generator set has the advantages.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas turbine generator set that is started using the ac exciter of a brushless generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic wiring diagram of the rotor windings of the ac exciter of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic wiring diagram of the stator windings of the ac exciter of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be embodied in many different forms, which are defined and covered by the following description.
As shown in fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a gas turbine generator set that starts with an ac exciter of a brushless generator, including a brushless synchronous generator, a speed reducer, and a single-shaft gas turbine, coaxially mounted in that order, the brushless synchronous generator including a permanent magnet-attached exciter, an ac exciter, and a generator, coaxially mounted in that order, wherein the generator is mounted close to the speed reducer. The alternating current exciter executes a starter working mode when the unit is started, starts the gas turbine generator set as a power source, and executes an exciter working mode after the rotating speed of the unit reaches 80% of a rated rotating speed.
It can be understood that, in the gas turbine generator set started by the ac exciter of the brushless generator according to the embodiment, in the starting stage of the set, the starter working mode is executed by the ac exciter, the gas turbine generator set is started as a power source, the generator and the single-shaft gas turbine which are coaxially installed are driven to rotate by the ac exciter, when the single-shaft gas turbine is dragged to the ignition rotation speed, the single-shaft gas turbine and the ac exciter jointly exert a force to push the set to increase the speed, and when the set rotation speed reaches 80% of the rated rotation speed, the ac exciter is switched back to the exciter working mode, so that the set can be normally excited and grid-connected for power generation after the set is started. The gas turbine generator set utilizes the internal alternating current exciter to serve as a starting motor and an exciter, an external starting device is not required to be arranged independently, the axial size of the whole gas turbine generator set is greatly reduced, the weight is reduced, the cost is reduced, the structure is simplified, the gas turbine generator set can be well suitable for a scene with strict space requirements, and the unit maintenance is relatively simple.
It can be understood that gas turbine generating set still includes the base, brushless synchronous generator, reduction gear and unipolar gas turbine all install in the base, and the base can play fine guard action to the unit that is located its inside.
It can be understood that, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the rotor winding of the ac exciter is connected to the field winding of the generator through a rotating rectifier, and a first centrifugal switch is connected between the first output end and the second output end of the rotor winding of the ac exciter, and a second centrifugal switch is connected between the second output end and the third output end, and the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch are normally closed switches and are both in a closed state when the rotation speed is not high. Therefore, in the starter working mode, the rotor winding of the alternating current exciter is short-circuited through the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch, the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch are automatically separated when the rotating speed of the unit reaches 80% of the rated rotating speed, and the alternating current exciter performs the exciter working mode and can output exciting current to the exciting winding of the generator.
And the stator winding of the alternating-current exciter is respectively connected with an excitation controller and a starting frequency converter, a coil tap of the stator winding of the alternating-current exciter is connected into a junction box, and the switching of the wiring form is controlled by contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 arranged in the junction box. In the working mode of the starter, a stator winding of the alternating current exciter is connected to a starting frequency converter in a star connection mode, the starting frequency converter drives the alternating current exciter to rotate, and in the working mode of the exciter, the stator winding is connected to an excitation controller in a series connection mode, and the excitation controller controls the alternating current exciter to normally excite and generate electricity.
Specifically, the alternating-current exciter comprises three groups of stator windings, wherein the first ends of the first group of stator windings are respectively connected with a normally open contact of a contactor KM1 and an excitation controller, the second ends of the first group of stator windings are respectively connected with a starting frequency converter and a normally closed contact of a contactor KM1, the first ends of the second group of stator windings are respectively connected with a normally closed contact of the contactor KM1 and a normally open contact of a contactor KM2, the second ends of the second group of stator windings are respectively connected with a starting frequency converter and a normally closed contact of a contactor KM2, the first ends of the third group of stator windings are respectively connected with a normally closed contact of the contactor KM2 and a normally open contact of a contactor KM3, and the second ends of the third group of stator windings are respectively connected with the starting frequency converter and the excitation controller. In an initial state, the first group of stator windings, the second group of stator windings and the third group of stator windings are connected with an excitation controller through a series connection method, when the alternating-current exciter is used as a starting motor, the controller of the unit controls the contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 to act, a normally open contact of each contactor is disconnected, a normally closed contact is connected, the three groups of stator windings are connected to a starting frequency converter through a star connection method, and the starting frequency converter drives the alternating-current exciter to rotate so as to drive a coaxially-mounted generator and a single-shaft gas turbine to rotate.
When a unit is started, the contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 act, a stator winding of the AC exciter is in a star connection method, a rotor winding is in short connection through the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch, the AC exciter executes a starter working mode, the AC exciter is driven to work through the starting frequency converter so as to drag the single-shaft gas turbine to an ignition rotating speed, then the single-shaft gas turbine and the AC exciter exert force together to push the unit to rise in speed, when the rated rotating speed reaches 50%, the starting frequency converter is disconnected, meanwhile, the contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 act to recover to an initial state, the stator winding of the AC exciter is connected to the excitation controller in a series connection method, the single-shaft gas turbine pushes the unit to continue to rise in speed, when the rated rotating speed reaches 80%, the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch are automatically disconnected, the AC exciter executes a machine working mode, and when the rated rotating speed reaches 100%, the excitation controller controls the unit to be normally excited and connected to a grid for power generation. It can be understood that because the frequency of the alternating current generated by the generator is required to be 50Hz, the excitation controller is required to control the normal excitation and grid-connected power generation of the unit when the rotating speed of the unit reaches 100% of the rated rotating speed.
It can be understood that, when the ac exciter is improved and optimized, the torque power required for starting the machine set needs to be considered, and therefore, the winding of the stator winding needs to be increased on the basis of the existing ac exciter, preferably, the coil diameter of the stator winding of the ac exciter needs to be increased by 2 to 5 times compared with the existing ac exciter, so that the ac exciter can bear larger current, and further can output higher torque power, and further preferably, the coil diameter of the stator winding of the ac exciter is increased by 2 to 3 times. However, the rotor winding of the existing alternating current exciter can bear enough current, and the current does not need to be changed. The diameter of the coil of the stator winding of the alternating-current exciter is increased, so that the alternating-current exciter can meet the torque power requirement during starting while meeting the excitation requirement.
The starting process of the gas turbine generator set started by the alternating current exciter of the brushless generator specifically comprises the following steps:
the controller of the unit sends a starting control command to control the contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 to act so as to control the three stator windings of the alternating current exciter to be connected to the starting frequency converter in a star connection mode, and then the starting frequency converter drives the alternating current exciter to rotate, so that the coaxially-mounted generator and the single-shaft gas turbine are driven to rotate. At this time, because the rotation speed of the alternating-current exciter is not high, the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch are in a normally closed state, a rotor winding of the alternating-current exciter is in short circuit through the two centrifugal switches, the whole alternating-current exciter works as a wound-rotor type alternating-current asynchronous motor, and the rated voltage of the alternating-current exciter is 380VAC in a starter working mode, so that the starting control can be directly carried out by adopting an 80VAV universal frequency converter.
When the alternating-current exciter drags the single-shaft gas turbine to the ignition rotating speed, the single-shaft gas turbine is ignited to work, and the alternating-current exciter and the single-shaft gas turbine jointly exert force to push the unit to rise. When the rotating speed of the unit reaches 50% of the rated rotating speed, the controller of the unit controls the starting frequency converter to be disconnected, meanwhile, the control contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 are controlled to return to the initial state, three groups of stator windings of the alternating current exciter are connected to the excitation controller in a series connection mode, but at the moment, the rotating speed of the alternating current exciter still does not reach the disconnection rotating speed of the centrifugal switch, and the alternating current exciter cannot output current to the generator. Then, the single-shaft gas turbine alone pushes the unit to continuously increase the speed, when the rotating speed of the unit reaches 80% of the rated rotating speed, the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch are automatically switched off, the alternating-current exciter is restored to the working state of the exciter, and the exciting current can be output to the generator.
And the single-shaft gas turbine continues to push the unit to increase the speed, when the rotating speed of the unit reaches 100% of the rated rotating speed, the controller controls the excitation controller to control the alternating-current exciter to work in an exciter working mode, the unit is normally excited and grid-connected to generate electricity, and the unit is started.
In addition, another embodiment of the present invention further provides a starting method of a gas turbine generator set, for controlling the gas turbine generator set as described above to start, including the following steps:
when the unit starts, the AC exciter is controlled to execute the working mode of the starter, and the AC exciter is used as a power source to start the gas turbine generator set;
after the rotating speed of the unit reaches 80% of the rated rotating speed, controlling the alternating-current exciter to execute an exciter working mode;
and after the rotating speed of the unit reaches 100% of the rated rotating speed, controlling the unit to carry out excitation and grid-connected power generation.
It can be understood that, in the starting method of the gas turbine generator set of the embodiment, in the starting stage of the set, the ac exciter is used to execute the working mode of the starter, the gas turbine generator set is started as the power source, the generator and the single-shaft gas turbine which are coaxially installed are driven to rotate by the ac exciter, when the single-shaft gas turbine is dragged to the ignition rotation speed, the single-shaft gas turbine and the ac exciter jointly exert force to push the set to increase the speed, and when the set rotation speed reaches 80% of the rated rotation speed, the ac exciter is switched back to the working mode of the exciter, so that the set can be normally excited and grid-connected to generate electricity after being started. The gas turbine generator set utilizes the internal alternating current exciter to serve as a starting motor and an exciter, an external starting device is not required to be arranged independently, the axial size of the whole gas turbine generator set is greatly reduced, the weight is reduced, the cost is reduced, the structure is simplified, the gas turbine generator set can be well suitable for a scene with strict space requirements, and the unit maintenance is relatively simple.
In the starting stage of the unit, firstly, the contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 are controlled to act, so that a stator winding of an alternating current exciter is connected to a starting frequency converter in a star connection mode, a rotor winding is in short circuit connection through a first centrifugal switch and a second centrifugal switch, the alternating current exciter executes a starter working mode, and the starting frequency converter is used for driving the alternating current exciter to work so as to drag the single-shaft gas turbine to an ignition rotating speed;
then, the single-shaft gas turbine and the alternating-current exciter jointly exert force to push the unit to increase the speed, when the rated speed reaches 50%, the starting frequency converter is controlled to be switched off, meanwhile, the contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 are controlled to move to recover to the initial state, and a stator winding of the alternating-current exciter is connected to an excitation controller in a series connection mode;
the single-shaft gas turbine pushes the unit to continuously increase the speed, when the rated speed reaches 80%, the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch are automatically switched off, and the alternating-current exciter executes an exciter working mode;
the single-shaft gas turbine pushes the unit to continuously increase the speed, when the rated speed of the unit reaches 100%, the excitation controller controls the alternating-current exciter to output exciting current to an excitation winding of the generator, and the generator outputs 50Hz alternating current to a power grid.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A gas turbine generator set started by using an alternating current exciter of a brushless generator is characterized by comprising a brushless synchronous generator, a speed reducer and a single-shaft gas turbine which are coaxially installed in sequence, wherein the brushless synchronous generator comprises a permanent magnet attached exciter, an alternating current exciter and a generator which are coaxially installed in sequence, the generator is installed close to the speed reducer, the alternating current exciter executes a starter working mode when the set is started, and starts the gas turbine generator set as a power source and executes an exciter working mode after the rotating speed of the set reaches 80% of a rated rotating speed;
the rotor winding of the alternating-current exciter is connected to an excitation winding of a generator through a rotating rectifier, a first centrifugal switch is connected between a first output end and a second output end of the rotor winding of the alternating-current exciter, a second centrifugal switch is connected between a second output end and a third output end of the rotor winding of the alternating-current exciter, the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch are normally closed switches, the rotor winding of the alternating-current exciter is in short circuit through the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch in a working mode of a starter, the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch are automatically separated when the rotating speed of a unit reaches 80% of rated rotating speed, and the alternating-current exciter executes the working mode of the exciter; the stator winding of the alternating-current exciter is connected with an excitation controller and a starting frequency converter respectively, a coil tap of the stator winding of the alternating-current exciter is connected into a junction box, switching of a wiring form is controlled through contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 arranged in the junction box, the stator winding of the alternating-current exciter is connected to the starting frequency converter in a star connection mode in a starter working mode, and the stator winding is connected to the excitation controller in a series connection mode in an exciter working mode;
when a unit is started, the contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 act, a stator winding of an alternating current exciter is in a star connection method, a rotor winding is in short connection through a first centrifugal switch and a second centrifugal switch, the alternating current exciter executes a starter working mode, the alternating current exciter is driven to work through a starting frequency converter so as to drag the single-shaft gas turbine to an ignition rotating speed, then the single-shaft gas turbine and the alternating current exciter exert force together to push the unit to rise, when 50% of rated rotating speed is reached, the starting frequency converter is disconnected, meanwhile, the contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 act to recover to an initial state, the stator winding of the alternating current exciter is connected to an excitation controller in a series connection method, the single-shaft gas turbine pushes the unit to continue to rise, when 80% of rated rotating speed is reached, the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch are automatically disconnected, the alternating current exciter executes a machine working mode, and when 100% of rated rotating speed is reached, the excitation controller controls the unit to be in a grid-connected mode for power generation.
2. The gas turbine generator set started by an ac exciter of a brushless generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first ends of the first group of stator windings are connected to the normally open contact of the contactor KM1 and the excitation controller, respectively, the second ends are connected to the start converter and the normally closed contact of the contactor KM1, respectively, the first ends of the second group of stator windings are connected to the normally closed contact of the contactor KM1 and the normally open contact of the contactor KM2, respectively, the second ends are connected to the normally closed contact of the start converter and the contactor KM2, respectively, the first ends of the third group of stator windings are connected to the normally closed contact of the contactor KM2 and the normally open contact of the contactor KM3, respectively, and the second ends are connected to the start converter and the excitation controller, respectively.
3. The gas turbine generator set started with an ac exciter of a brushless generator as set forth in claim 1, wherein a coil diameter of a stator winding of the ac exciter is increased by a factor of 2 to 5.
4. A gas turbine generator set started with an ac exciter of a brushless generator according to claim 3, wherein the coil diameter of the stator winding of the ac exciter is increased by a factor of 2 to 3.
5. A gas turbine power plant started with an ac exciter of a brushless generator as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a base, wherein the brushless synchronous generator, the speed reducer and the single shaft gas turbine are mounted within the base.
6. A starting method of a gas turbine generator set for controlling a gas turbine generator set according to any one of claims 1 to 5 to start, characterized by comprising:
when the unit starts, the AC exciter is controlled to execute the working mode of the starter, and the AC exciter is used as a power source to start the gas turbine generator set;
after the rotating speed of the unit reaches 80% of the rated rotating speed, controlling the alternating-current exciter to execute an exciter working mode;
after the rotating speed of the unit reaches 100% of the rated rotating speed, the unit is controlled to be excited and connected to the grid for power generation;
in the starting stage of the unit, firstly controlling the contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 to act, enabling a stator winding of an alternating current exciter to be connected to a starting frequency converter in a star connection mode, enabling a rotor winding to be in short circuit through a first centrifugal switch and a second centrifugal switch, executing a starter working mode by the alternating current exciter, and driving the alternating current exciter to work by the starting frequency converter so as to drag the single-shaft gas turbine to an ignition rotating speed;
then, the single-shaft gas turbine and the alternating-current exciter jointly exert force to push the unit to increase the speed, when the rated speed reaches 50%, the starting frequency converter is controlled to be switched off, meanwhile, the contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3 are controlled to move to recover to the initial state, and a stator winding of the alternating-current exciter is connected to an excitation controller in a series connection mode;
and the single-shaft gas turbine pushes the unit to continuously increase the speed, when the rated speed of the unit reaches 80%, the first centrifugal switch and the second centrifugal switch are automatically switched off, and the alternating-current exciter executes an exciter working mode.
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| CN104218851B (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2016-08-17 | 西北工业大学 | The topological structure of three grades of formula started with no brush/generator AC and DC composite excitation systems and device |
| CN108847796B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2022-01-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | Reluctance type starting control method and system for three-stage brushless synchronous motor |
| CN108964532A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-12-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | Three-level formula brushless synchronous machine sublevel segmentation start control system and method |
| CN109274300B (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2020-03-24 | 株洲航发动科南方燃气轮机有限公司 | Starting and excitation system and method for gas turbine generator set |
| CN112003517B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-10-28 | 西北工业大学 | Two-stage brushless electric excitation starting power generation system topology and control strategy thereof |
| CN113328540B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2024-03-01 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Brushless electric excitation starter generator exciter excitation winding structure and starting/power generation switching method thereof |
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