CN114039124A - Power battery multistage heat dissipation system based on magnetic refrigeration effect and control method - Google Patents
Power battery multistage heat dissipation system based on magnetic refrigeration effect and control method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 18
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
- H01M10/643—Cylindrical cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a power battery multistage heat dissipation system based on a magnetic refrigeration effect, which comprises: a battery case; a control assembly and a cooling assembly; the battery box body is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer; the control assembly includes: a temperature sensor, a controller; the temperature sensor is attached to the surface of the power battery and is connected with the controller circuit; the cooling assembly includes: the water pump, the water tank, the radiator, the magnetic sleeve, the magnetic field generator and the heat conducting block; the cooling liquid flowing layer, the water pump, the water tank and the radiator are communicated in sequence through a pipeline to form a closed loop for the circulation of the cooling liquid; the water pump is connected with the controller circuit; one end of the heat conducting block extends into the cooling liquid flowing layer, and the other end of the heat conducting block is attached to the bottom of the magnetic sleeve; the magnetic field generator is arranged in the magnetic sleeve and is connected with the controller circuit; the open end of the magnetic sleeve extends out of the top of the magnetic refrigeration layer for the power battery to be inserted and fixed. The invention generates magnetic refrigeration effect through the magnetic field generator, quickly absorbs the heat generated by the battery and reduces the temperature difference.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat management of rail transit power battery packs, in particular to a power battery multistage heat dissipation system based on a magnetic refrigeration effect and a control method.
Background
At present, urban rail transit vehicles at home and abroad adopt power supplies, and the power supply systems are DC 750V and DC 1500V. Once a fault occurs, the interruption of traction power supply is caused, the quality of urban rail transit operation is affected, and operation loss is caused. The rail car is provided with an emergency traction power battery pack system, and under the condition of vehicle failure, the train is switched into an emergency self-traction mode, and the train is driven to the nearest station by the emergency traction power battery pack system configured by the train. The power battery pack is used as a main emergency traction source, and has high power and high voltage level, so that the power battery pack is particularly important for thermal management. Under the circumstances of discharging of big multiplying power, the battery produces a large amount of heats, simultaneously because power battery wraps the internal structure's reason, there is the difference in the free temperature rise rate of each battery, and during long-time work, partial battery temperature is too high, and power battery wraps the internal temperature difference simultaneously and is too big, can make power battery package whole performance and life reduce. In order to ensure that the power battery pack can work normally, prolong the service life of the power battery pack and ensure the working performance of the power battery pack, a heat dissipation system of the power battery pack is very important.
At present, the heat dissipation mode of an emergency power battery pack system is similar to that of a power battery pack of an electric automobile, and due to the fact that the discharge rate is large, liquid cooling type heat dissipation by adopting a liquid cooling plate is the mainstream. Through arranging the liquid cooling board in power battery package below, the coolant flow is taken away the heat of battery transmission to liquid cooling board through the liquid cooling board, the realization is to the cooling of power battery package, but present liquid cooling plate structure form is fixed, only can the flow regulation size, can't carry out the adjustment of radiating efficiency according to the temperature distribution of power battery package real-time change, the radiating mode is single, can't carry out local intensive heat dissipation to the high temperature region promptly, cause the radiating efficiency low, can't be with the high temperature battery control that causes because the operating mode changes in suitable temperature range, power battery package thermal balance nature is poor simultaneously, the performance and the life of messenger's battery receive the restriction.
Patent publication No. CN105742693A, 2016, 7, 6, the name invented and created is a high-safety lithium ion battery module, and the application discloses a high-safety lithium ion battery module, which has the following defects: 1. the liquid cooling device adopted by the high-safety lithium ion battery module disclosed by the invention cannot adjust the heat dissipation efficiency according to the real-time temperature distribution of the power battery pack; 2. the time required to dissipate the heat of the battery to a certain temperature value is long.
Patent publication No. CN201510584799.8, published 2015, 12, 23, the name invented and created is a battery water-cooling radiator, and the application discloses a battery water-cooling radiator, which has the defect that a liquid-cooling plate is adopted to radiate heat of a power battery pack, but the liquid-cooling plate is fixed in structure form, so that the radiating efficiency cannot be adjusted according to the real-time change of the temperature of the power battery pack, and the thermal balance of a battery is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a magnetic refrigeration effect-based power battery multistage heat dissipation system and a control method, and aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, the heat balance controllability of a battery pack is low.
The invention provides a power battery multistage heat dissipation system based on a magnetic refrigeration effect, which comprises: a battery case; a control assembly and a cooling assembly;
the battery box body is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the upper layer is a magnetic refrigeration layer, and the lower layer is a cooling liquid flowing layer;
the control assembly includes: a temperature sensor, a controller; the temperature sensor is attached to the surface of the power battery and is connected with the controller circuit;
the cooling assembly includes: the water pump, the water tank, the radiator, the magnetic sleeve, the magnetic field generator and the heat conducting block; the cooling liquid flowing layer, the water pump, the water tank and the radiator are communicated in sequence through a pipeline to form a closed loop for the circulation of the cooling liquid; the water pump is connected with the controller circuit; the heat conducting block penetrates through a middle partition plate of the battery box body, one end of the heat conducting block extends into the cooling liquid flowing layer, and the other end of the heat conducting block extends into the magnetic refrigeration layer and is attached to the bottom of the magnetic sleeve; the magnetic field generator is arranged in the magnetic sleeve and is connected with the controller circuit to control the magnetism of the magnetic sleeve; the open end of the magnetic sleeve extends out of the top of the magnetic refrigeration layer for the power battery to be inserted and fixed.
Further, the coolant flow layer includes: the device comprises a water inlet, a water outlet, at least two flow channel clapboards, a plurality of splitter plates and a plurality of turbulence columns; the flow channel partition plate is horizontally arranged in the cooling liquid flowing layer along the water flow direction, and divides the cooling liquid flowing layer into a plurality of flow channels for cooling liquid to flow; the splitter vane is obliquely and uniformly arranged in the flow channels on the two sides along the water flow direction; the turbulence columns are uniformly arranged in the other flow channels except the two sides.
Furthermore, the battery box body, the flow distribution sheet and the flow disturbing column are all made of aluminum 6061.
Further, the material of the heat conduction block is a high heat conduction silicon material.
Further, the magnetic sleeve is made of a rare earth magnetic material.
The invention also provides a control method of the power battery multistage heat dissipation system based on the magnetic refrigeration effect, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring the temperature of the power battery through a temperature sensor, and acquiring the highest temperature of the power battery and the maximum temperature difference of the power battery according to the temperature of the power battery; presetting primary temperature, primary temperature difference, primary flow velocity, secondary temperature difference, secondary flow velocity, normal temperature and normal temperature difference of the power battery;
controlling the temperature in the battery box body according to the maximum temperature of the power battery and the maximum temperature difference of the power battery, which comprises the following steps:
when the highest temperature of the power battery is higher than the primary temperature of the power battery and the maximum temperature difference of the power battery is higher than the primary temperature difference, the controller controls the water pump to inject cooling liquid into the cooling liquid flowing layer at a primary flow speed; controlling a magnetic field generator on the power battery with the highest temperature to work, demagnetizing a magnetic sleeve outside the power battery, generating a magnetic refrigeration effect, absorbing the heat of the power battery, and transmitting the heat to the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid flowing layer through a heat conduction block to finish heat exchange;
when the highest temperature of the power battery is higher than the secondary temperature of the power battery and the maximum temperature difference of the power battery is higher than the secondary temperature difference, the controller controls the water pump to inject cooling liquid into the cooling liquid flowing layer at a secondary flow speed, controls the magnetic field generators on all the power batteries to work, demagnetizes the magnetic sleeves outside all the power batteries, generates a magnetic refrigeration effect, absorbs the heat of all the batteries, and transmits the heat to the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid flowing layer through the heat conducting block to finish heat exchange;
when the highest temperature of the power battery is lower than the normal temperature of the power battery and the maximum temperature difference of the power battery is lower than the normal temperature difference, the controller controls the water pump to stop working and does not control the magnetic field generator to work.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the flow distribution sheet and the flow disturbing column are added in the liquid cooling flow channel, so that the turbulence intensity and Reynolds number of the cooling liquid can be improved, the heat exchange is enhanced, and the heat dissipation effect of the liquid cooling is greatly improved.
2. According to the invention, the magnetic field generator demagnetizes the magnetic materials around the battery with the highest temperature to generate a magnetic refrigeration effect, so that the heat generated by the battery can be quickly absorbed, and the temperature difference of the power battery system is quickly reduced.
3. The invention aims at the real-time temperature distribution condition of the battery system, divides the heat dissipation process into primary heat dissipation and secondary heat dissipation, and can improve the heat dissipation efficiency and reduce the energy consumption.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, and in which:
fig. 1 is an external structure view of a power battery multistage heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an internal structure view of a magnetic refrigeration layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of a dual cold plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view of the internal structure of a coolant flow layer provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a working process of a heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: the device comprises a cylindrical lithium battery 1, a water inlet 2, a water outlet 3, a high-voltage control interface 4, a magnetic refrigeration layer 5, a cooling liquid flowing layer 6, a magnetic sleeve 7, a magnetic field generator 8, a heat conducting block 9, a high-voltage wire harness 10, a flow channel clapboard 11, a flow distribution sheet 12, a flow disturbance column 13, a temperature sensor 14, a low-voltage wire harness 15, a storage battery 16, a battery manager 17, a water pump 18, a water tank 19 and a radiator 20.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 5, the multistage heat dissipation system for a power battery based on a magnetic refrigeration effect according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an electrical system and a cooling system, where the electrical system includes a cylindrical lithium battery 1, a thermocouple temperature sensor 14, a high-voltage wire harness 10, a low-voltage wire harness 15, a battery manager 17 and a storage battery 16, and the cooling system includes: a battery fixing magnetic sleeve 7 made of rare earth magnetic material, a magnetic field generator 8, a heat conducting block 9 made of heat conducting silicon material, a water pump 18, a water tank 19 and a radiator 20. A thermocouple temperature sensor 14 is arranged on the surface of each cylindrical lithium battery 1, the thermocouple temperature sensor 14 is connected with a battery manager 17(BMS) through a low-voltage wiring harness 15, a storage battery 16 supplies power to the battery manager 17, the battery manager 17 is connected with a water pump 18, and the water pump 18 is connected with a water tank 19 and a radiator 20 through water pipes. The battery manager 17 controls the flow circulation of the cooling fluid according to the real-time temperature measured by the thermocouple temperature sensor 14. Simultaneously magnetic field generator 8 links to each other with battery manager 17 through high-voltage wire harness 10, each magnetic field generator 8 can independent work, battery manager 17 is through analysis and processing to temperature information, control magnetic field generator 8, make magnetic field generator 8 demagnetize magnetic sleeve 7 that magnetic material made, magnetic sleeve 7 magnetic moment degree of order reduces, the magnetic entropy increases, produce the magnetism refrigeration effect, the heat that cylinder lithium cell 1 produced is absorbed fast, and give the coolant liquid through heat conduction piece 9 with the heat transfer of cylinder lithium cell 1, thereby realize power battery system's quick even heat dissipation.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the battery box body is divided into two layers which are separated by a partition board, the upper layer is a magnetic refrigeration layer 5, and the right side of the battery box body is provided with a high-voltage control interface 4; the lower floor is coolant liquid mobile layer 6, set up water inlet 2 and delivery port 3 respectively in both sides, magnetic sleeve 7 made with tombarthite magnetic material, insert magnetic sleeve 7 with cylinder lithium cell 1, install magnetic field generator 8 on every magnetic sleeve 7, and install conducting block 9 in magnetic sleeve 7 below, conducting block 9 is made by high heat conduction silicon material, set up the mounting hole of conducting block 9 on the baffle, conducting block 9 fixes on the mounting hole through sealed waterproof glue, thereby make magnetic sleeve 7 that magnetic material made fix in the baffle top, conducting block 9 passes in the baffle inserts lower floor coolant liquid mobile layer 6. Contain twice runner baffle 11 in the coolant liquid mobile layer 6, divide coolant liquid mobile layer 6 into three runners, pass through seamless bonding splitter 12 and vortex post 13 of ultrasonic bonding respectively in both sides and middle runner, when coolant liquid flow splitter 12 and vortex post 13, the flow field of original can change, can appear the vortex around splitter 12 and vortex post 13, turbulence intensity and reynolds number can increase, thereby promote the intensive heat transfer, improve the radiating effect of liquid cooling by a wide margin. The middle battery box body, the splitter 12 and the spoiler column 13 are all made of aluminum 6061 material with better heat-conducting property.
Combining the above multistage heat dissipation system for power batteries based on magnetic refrigeration effect, the present invention provides a control method as shown in fig. 6: the thermocouple temperature sensor 14 measures and collects the real-time temperature of the power battery system, and the collected data is divided into two types: one is the highest temperature T of the power batterymaxThe other is the maximum temperature difference T of the power batterydiff. The temperature sensor 14 transmits the acquired temperature information to the battery manager 17 through the low-voltage wiring harness 15, the battery manager 17 analyzes and processes data, judges whether the heat dissipation requirement is met, and can know that the heat dissipation system needs to be started when the highest temperature of the battery system reaches 32 ℃ or the maximum temperature difference of the system reaches 3 ℃ according to actual vehicle tests.
(1) When T ismax>At 32 ℃ and Tdiff>When the temperature is 3 ℃, the first-level heat dissipation is started, the battery manager 17 controls the water pump 18, the water tank 19 and the radiator 20 to work through the low-voltage wiring harness 15, and the cooling liquid is input into the cooling liquid flowing layer 6 at the inlet volume flow of 30L/h; controlling a magnetic field generator 8 on the battery with the highest temperature to work, demagnetizing a magnetic material sleeve 7 outside the battery, generating a magnetic refrigeration effect, absorbing the heat of the battery, transmitting the heat to cooling liquid through a heat conduction block 9, and finally circularly taking away the heat of the battery by the cooling liquid;
(2) when T ismax>At 36 ℃ and Tdiff>When the temperature is 5 ℃, secondary heat dissipation is started, the battery manager 17 controls the water pump 18, the water tank 19 and the radiator 20 to work through the low-voltage wiring harness 15, and the inlet volume flow of 40L/hFeeding a cooling liquid into the cooling liquid flowing layer 6; and controlling the magnetic field generators 8 on all the batteries to work, demagnetizing the magnetic material sleeves 7 outside all the batteries, generating a magnetic refrigeration effect, absorbing the heat of all the batteries, and transmitting the heat to the cooling liquid through the heat conduction block 9. Finally, the heat of all the batteries is taken away by the circulation of cooling liquid;
(3)Tmax<at 28 ℃ and Tdiff<At 1 ℃, the battery manager 17 turns off the water pump 18, the water tank 19, the radiator 20 and the magnetic field generator 8 through the low-voltage wiring harness 15, respectively, so that the heat dissipation system stops working.
The temperature and the flow rate can be adjusted correspondingly according to actual requirements, so that the invention is suitable for different environments.
From the technical scheme, the power battery multistage heat dissipation system based on the magnetic refrigeration effect and the control method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention can effectively reduce the highest temperature and the maximum temperature difference of the rail transit battery pack, improve the service life and the safety of the battery pack and enable the battery pack to be always maintained at the proper working temperature.
In summary, the multistage heat dissipation system for the power battery based on the magnetic refrigeration effect and the control method thereof comprise a cylindrical lithium battery, a battery fixing sleeve made of rare earth magnetic material, a heat conduction block made of heat conduction silicon material, a magnetic field generator, a thermocouple temperature sensor, a double-layer cooling plate, a high-voltage wire harness, a low-voltage wire harness, a battery manager, a storage battery, a water tank, a water pump and a radiator. Insert electric core in the battery fixed sleeve that magnetic material made, four heat conduction blocks of installation below the sleeve, the heat conduction block inserts in the coolant liquid, realizes the quick heat transfer with the coolant liquid. The battery manager controls the flow circulation of the cooling liquid and the magnetic field generator in real time according to battery temperature information measured by the thermocouple temperature sensor, so that the magnetic field generator demagnetizes the magnetic material, the magnetic moment order degree of the magnetic material is reduced, the magnetic entropy is increased, a magnetic refrigeration effect is generated, heat generated by the battery is quickly absorbed, the heat of the battery is quickly transmitted to the cooling liquid through the heat conducting block, and finally the heat of the battery is taken away by the cooling liquid. The multistage heat dissipation system provided by the invention has the advantages of high heat dissipation speed and good heat dissipation uniformity, effectively reduces the highest temperature and the maximum temperature difference of the power battery system, and improves the safety and the service life of the power battery system.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A power battery multistage heat dissipation system based on magnetic refrigeration effect is characterized by comprising: a battery case; a control assembly and a cooling assembly;
the battery box body is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the upper layer is a magnetic refrigeration layer, and the lower layer is a cooling liquid flowing layer;
the control assembly includes: a temperature sensor, a controller; the temperature sensor is attached to the surface of the power battery and is connected with the controller circuit;
the cooling assembly includes: the water pump, the water tank, the radiator, the magnetic sleeve, the magnetic field generator and the heat conducting block; the cooling liquid flowing layer, the water pump, the water tank and the radiator are communicated in sequence through a pipeline to form a closed loop for the circulation of the cooling liquid; the water pump is connected with the controller circuit; the heat conducting block penetrates through a middle partition plate of the battery box body, one end of the heat conducting block extends into the cooling liquid flowing layer, and the other end of the heat conducting block extends into the magnetic refrigeration layer and is attached to the bottom of the magnetic sleeve; the magnetic field generator is arranged in the magnetic sleeve and is connected with the controller circuit to control the magnetism of the magnetic sleeve; the open end of the magnetic sleeve extends out of the top of the magnetic refrigeration layer for the power battery to be inserted and fixed.
2. The multi-stage heat dissipation system for power batteries based on magnetic refrigeration effect according to claim 1, wherein the coolant flowing layer comprises: the device comprises a water inlet, a water outlet, at least two flow channel clapboards, a plurality of splitter plates and a plurality of turbulence columns; the flow channel partition plate is horizontally arranged in the cooling liquid flowing layer along the water flow direction, and divides the cooling liquid flowing layer into a plurality of flow channels for cooling liquid to flow; the splitter vane is obliquely and uniformly arranged in the flow channels on the two sides along the water flow direction; the turbulence columns are uniformly arranged in the other flow channels except the two sides.
3. The multi-stage heat dissipation system for the power battery based on the magnetic refrigeration effect as claimed in claim 2, wherein the battery box body, the splitter vane and the flow disturbing column are all made of aluminum 6061.
4. The multistage heat dissipation system for the power battery based on the magnetic refrigeration effect as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the material of the heat conduction block is a high heat conduction silicon material.
5. The multistage heat dissipation system for the power battery based on the magnetic refrigeration effect as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the material of the magnetic sleeve is a rare earth magnetic material.
6. A control method of a magnetic refrigeration effect-based power battery multistage heat dissipation system is suitable for the magnetic refrigeration effect-based power battery multistage heat dissipation system according to claims 1-5, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring the temperature of the power battery through a temperature sensor, and acquiring the highest temperature of the power battery and the maximum temperature difference of the power battery according to the temperature of the power battery; presetting primary temperature, primary temperature difference, primary flow velocity, secondary temperature difference, secondary flow velocity, normal temperature and normal temperature difference of the power battery;
controlling the temperature in the battery box body according to the maximum temperature of the power battery and the maximum temperature difference of the power battery, which comprises the following steps:
when the highest temperature of the power battery is higher than the primary temperature of the power battery and the maximum temperature difference of the power battery is higher than the primary temperature difference, the controller controls the water pump to inject cooling liquid into the cooling liquid flowing layer at a primary flow speed; controlling a magnetic field generator on the power battery with the highest temperature to work, demagnetizing a magnetic sleeve outside the power battery, generating a magnetic refrigeration effect, absorbing the heat of the power battery, and transmitting the heat to the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid flowing layer through a heat conduction block to finish heat exchange;
when the highest temperature of the power battery is higher than the secondary temperature of the power battery and the maximum temperature difference of the power battery is higher than the secondary temperature difference, the controller controls the water pump to inject cooling liquid into the cooling liquid flowing layer at a secondary flow speed, controls the magnetic field generators on all the power batteries to work, demagnetizes the magnetic sleeves outside all the power batteries, generates a magnetic refrigeration effect, absorbs the heat of all the batteries, and transmits the heat to the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid flowing layer through the heat conducting block to finish heat exchange;
when the highest temperature of the power battery is lower than the normal temperature of the power battery and the maximum temperature difference of the power battery is lower than the normal temperature difference, the controller controls the water pump to stop working and does not control the magnetic field generator to work.
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Citations (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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