CN114034600A - Method for measuring mechanical impurities of lubricating oil and direct-dropping type fat extractor - Google Patents
Method for measuring mechanical impurities of lubricating oil and direct-dropping type fat extractor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114034600A CN114034600A CN202111209816.1A CN202111209816A CN114034600A CN 114034600 A CN114034600 A CN 114034600A CN 202111209816 A CN202111209816 A CN 202111209816A CN 114034600 A CN114034600 A CN 114034600A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring mechanical impurities of lubricating oil, which comprises the following steps of weighing a lubricating oil sample in advance and putting the lubricating oil sample into filter paper which is washed to constant weight by petroleum ether; heating, refluxing and washing by using a direct-dropping fat extractor; repeatedly washing until the weight is constant, and taking out the filter paper; the weight difference of the filter paper before and after washing is measured, and the measuring method of the invention adopts low-toxicity petroleum ether as a solvent, which can effectively replace toluene in the original measuring method, reduce the damage of the solvent to human bodies and reduce the cost of the solvent during purchase, storage and management; the measuring method of the invention uses the direct-dropping fat extractor to carry out condensation reflux washing on the filter paper, can effectively recycle the solvent, reduce manual operation, reduce use cost and is easy to popularize and apply in production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical industry, in particular to a method for measuring mechanical impurities of lubricating oil and a direct-dropping fat extractor.
Background
Mechanical impurities refer to precipitates or colloidal suspensions present in lubricating oils that are insoluble in solvents such as gasoline, ethanol, benzene, etc., such as silt, dust, iron filings, fibers, and certain insoluble salts. The lubricating oil containing mechanical impurities can damage an oil film, increase abrasion, block an oil filter, and promote the generation of carbon deposit, ash and the like. Therefore, mechanical impurities are a key index for measuring lubricating oil and need to be measured.
According to the national standard GB/T511-2010 mechanical impurity determination method for petroleum and petroleum products and additives, the determination of mechanical impurities requires continuous addition of solvent for washing and distillation to constant weight, and a large amount of manpower and solvent are consumed in the process.
Mechanical impurity determination toluene was used as solvent. Toluene is easy to produce toxin-3, has irritation to skin and mucosa, has anesthesia effect on a nerve central system, and can cause certain damage to a human body after long-term use; according to the documents of hazardous chemical safety management regulations and toxic chemical management regulations, the product is regulated by the public security department, and the use of the product increases the purchasing and management cost of laboratories.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional method for measuring mechanical impurities in lubricating oil and the direct drop type fat extractor.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for determining impurities in a lubricating oil machine comprises the following steps,
weighing a lubricating oil sample in advance and putting the lubricating oil sample into filter paper which is washed to constant weight by petroleum ether;
heating, refluxing and washing by using a direct-dropping fat extractor;
repeatedly washing until the weight is constant, and taking out the filter paper;
the difference in weight of the filter paper before and after washing was measured.
As a preferable mode of the method for measuring impurities in a lubricating oil machine according to the present invention, there is provided: the method also comprises the following steps of washing the folded filter paper for one hour by using a direct-dropping fat extractor, drying, weighing until the difference between two times of continuous weighing is not more than 0.0004g, namely constant weight, and recording the total mass of the filter paper and the weighing bottle with the constant weight, wherein the mark is constant weight 1.
As a preferable mode of the method for measuring impurities in a lubricating oil machine according to the present invention, there is provided: the method also comprises the following steps of shaking the lubricating oil sample in the glass bottle for 5 minutes, weighing about 20g of the sample after uniform mixing, weighing to 0.2g, and placing the sample in filter paper.
As a preferable mode of the method for measuring impurities in a lubricating oil machine according to the present invention, there is provided: the method also comprises the following steps of putting the glass funnel and the filter paper into a condensation receiver, connecting a condensation pipe and the condensation receiver, heating the glass funnel and the filter paper on an electric furnace, washing for one hour, and cooling; and drying the cooled filter paper at 105-110 ℃ for one hour, and weighing by using an analytical balance until the weight is accurate to 0.0002 g.
As a preferable mode of the method for measuring impurities in a lubricating oil machine according to the present invention, there is provided: the above-mentioned method also includes the following steps,
and (3) continuously washing the filter paper by using a straight drop type fat extractor for half an hour, drying and weighing, washing until the difference between two times of continuous weighing is not more than 0.0004g, namely the constant weight, recording the total mass of the filter paper and the weighing bottle with the constant weight, namely the constant weight 2, and calculating the mass difference between the constant weight 1 and the constant weight 2.
The invention also provides the following technical scheme: a direct-dropping fat extractor comprises a condensing assembly, a cooling assembly and a heating assembly, wherein the condensing assembly comprises a bracket, an outer pipe arranged on the bracket, a condensing pipeline arranged in the outer pipe and a cooling supply pipe arranged on the outer pipe; the extraction assembly comprises an extraction pipe connected with the lower end of the condensation pipeline, a reflux funnel arranged in the extraction pipe and a distillation flask arranged at the lower end of the extraction pipe; and the taking-out assembly is arranged on the bracket.
As a preferable mode of the straight drop type fat extractor of the present invention, wherein: the taking-out assembly comprises a frame rod arranged on the bracket, a driving wheel rotationally connected to the frame rod and a driving rod connected with the driving wheel, the front end of the driving rod is rotationally connected with a grabbing rod, the end part of the grabbing rod is provided with an adhesive piece,
the adhesion piece comprises a grabbing block arranged at the end part of the grabbing rod and a sucking disc arranged on the grabbing block.
As a preferable mode of the straight drop type fat extractor of the present invention, wherein: be provided with the driving wheel group on the drive wheel, the actuating lever is provided with two, the driving wheel group includes first round and the eccentric second wheel that sets up of first round, first round links to each other with the drive wheel center, two the actuating lever sets up respectively on first round and second wheel, two the driving rod tip also is provided with the driving wheel group, it takes with the coaxial setting of second wheel that is located the driving rod tip to snatch the pole.
As a preferable mode of the straight drop type fat extractor of the present invention, wherein: the grabbing rod is characterized in that a placing groove is formed in the end portion of the grabbing rod, the grabbing rod is rotatably connected in the placing groove, and a leveling plate is arranged on one side, away from the sucker, of the grabbing block.
As a preferable mode of the straight drop type fat extractor of the present invention, wherein: and a grabbing disc is arranged at the lower end of the second wheel and connected with the outer wall of the backflow funnel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the determination method of the invention adopts low-toxicity petroleum ether as the solvent, which can effectively replace toluene in the original determination method, reduce the damage of the solvent to human body and reduce the cost of the solvent in purchasing, storing and managing; the measuring method of the invention uses the direct-dropping fat extractor to carry out condensation reflux washing on the filter paper, can effectively recycle the solvent, reduce manual operation, reduce use cost and is easy to popularize and apply in production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the direct drip type fat extractor of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the extraction assembly of the direct drip fat extractor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a placement tank of the straight drop type fat extractor of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the driving wheel set of the direct-drip fat extractor of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Furthermore, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Furthermore, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the drawings, and in the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the device is not enlarged partially according to the general scale for convenience of illustration, and the drawings are only exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
Example 1
In a first embodiment of the present invention, a method for determining impurities in a lubricating oil machine is provided, comprising the steps of:
1. preparation work
(1) Folding the filter paper twice, determining the center position, aligning a stainless steel tube or a glass tube to the center of the filter paper, and processing the filter paper into a cylinder shape with a size suitable for the weighing bottle;
(2) putting filter paper into a condensation receiver, adding petroleum ether and glass beads (for preventing bumping) into a glass flask, connecting a condensation pipe and the condensation receiver, heating on an electric furnace, observing the cooling and dripping condition of the petroleum ether, adjusting voltage and current, preventing the petroleum ether from heating too fast and overflowing in time, washing for one hour, and cooling;
(3) taking out the filter paper, placing the filter paper in a weighing bottle, and drying the filter paper in an oven at 105-110 ℃ for one hour;
(4) taking out and putting into a dryer, accurately timing for 5 minutes, and then weighing by using an analytical balance until the weight is accurate to 0.0002 g;
(5) and (3) continuously washing for half an hour by using a direct-dropping fat extractor, drying and weighing until the difference between two times of continuous weighing is not more than 0.0004g, namely the constant weight, and recording the total mass of the filter paper and the weighing bottle with the constant weight.
2. Test procedure
(1) Shaking the lubricating oil sample (no more than three-quarters of the bottle volume) in a glass bottle for 5 minutes to mix well;
(2) putting the filter paper with constant weight in a glass funnel, putting the filter paper in a beaker, and weighing about 20g of sample in the filter paper by using a pharmaceutical balance until the weight is 0.2 g;
(3) putting a glass funnel and filter paper into a condensation receiver, connecting a condensation pipe and the condensation receiver, heating the glass funnel and the filter paper on an electric furnace, washing for one hour, and cooling;
(4) taking out the filter paper, placing the filter paper in a weighing bottle, and drying the filter paper in an oven at 105-110 ℃ for one hour;
(5) taking out and putting into a dryer, accurately timing for 5 minutes, and then weighing by using an analytical balance until the weight is accurate to 0.0002 g;
(6) and taking the filter paper out of the glass funnel, continuously washing the filter paper for half an hour by using a direct-dropping fat extractor, drying, weighing, washing until the difference between two times of continuous weighing is not more than 0.0004g to obtain the constant weight, and recording the total mass of the filter paper and the weighing bottle with the constant weight.
3. Calculation of analysis results
The mechanical impurity content X of the sample is calculated as follows:
in the formula: m 1-mass in g of filter paper and weighing bottle with mechanical impurities;
m 2-mass of filter paper and weighing bottle, unit g;
m is the mass of the sample in g;
4. examination of analysis results
As no standard sample is used for measuring mechanical impurities of the lubricating oil, the method disclosed by the invention is adopted to respectively carry out repeatability tests on 4 batches of lubricating oil, the repeatability tests are verified according to the steps, the requirements of GB/T511-2010 on repeatability are met, and the detection data are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 mechanical impurity repeatability test for lubricating oils
Note: repeatability means that the difference between two experimental results obtained by the same operator in the same laboratory using the same instrument and continuously measuring the same sample should not exceed the value specified in table 2.
| Mechanical impurities (mass fraction)/%) | Repeatability (mass fraction)/%) |
| ≤0.01 | 0.0025 |
| >0.01～0.1 | 0.005 |
| >0.1～1.0 | 0.01 |
| >1.0 | 0.10 |
TABLE 2 repeatability specification value Table
The determination method of the invention adopts low-toxicity petroleum ether as the solvent, which can effectively replace toluene in the original determination method, reduce the damage of the solvent to human body and reduce the cost of the solvent in purchasing, storing and managing;
the measuring method of the invention uses the direct-dropping fat extractor to carry out condensation reflux washing on the filter paper, can effectively recycle the solvent, reduce manual operation, reduce use cost and is easy to popularize and apply in production.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a second embodiment of the present invention is a direct dropping type fat extractor, including a condensing assembly, in this embodiment, the condensing assembly includes a support 100, the support 100 is used as a support body, a base is disposed at a lower end, a plurality of rods upwardly extend from the base and are used as support rods, an outer tube 101 is disposed on the support 100, the outer tube 101 is generally cylindrical, a connecting tube extends from an upper end and a lower end of the outer tube 101, a diameter of the connecting tube is far smaller than a diameter of a central end of the outer tube 101, holes are disposed from the upper end and the lower end of the outer tube 101, a condensing pipeline 102 is disposed inside the outer tube 101, an upper end of the condensing pipeline 102 extends from an upper end hole of the outer tube 101, a lower end of the condensing pipeline extends from a lower end hole of the outer tube 101, and a cooling supply pipe 103 is further connected to the outer tube 101, and the cooling supply pipe 103 is used for injecting liquid into the outer tube 101.
Further, the present invention further includes an extraction assembly 200, in this embodiment, the extraction assembly 200 includes an extraction pipe 201 connected to a lower end of the condensation line 102, a reflux funnel 202 is disposed in the extraction pipe 201, the reflux funnel 202 can be taken out, and a distillation flask 203 is further disposed at a lower end of the extraction pipe 201.
Further, the present invention further includes a taking-out assembly 300, in this embodiment, the taking-out assembly 300 is disposed on the support 100, the taking-out assembly 300 includes a frame rod 301 disposed on the support 100, a driving wheel 302 is further rotatably connected to the frame rod 301, a driving wheel 302 group is disposed on the driving wheel 302, a driving rod 303 is connected to the driving wheel 302 through the driving wheel 302 group, a grabbing rod 304 is rotatably connected to a front end of the driving rod 303, the grabbing rod 304 is bent, and an adhesive member 305 is disposed at an end of the grabbing rod 304.
Further, the adhesive member 305 includes a grasping block 305a provided at an end portion of the grasping rod 304, the grasping block 305a is shaped as a cylindrical tube, and a length direction of the cylinder of the grasping block 305a is perpendicular to a length direction of the grasping rod 304, so that when the grasping rod 304 rotates, a movement locus of the grasping block 305a is a fan-shaped circle, and a suction cup 305b for grasping the filter paper is provided on the grasping block 305 a.
Further, in this embodiment, two driving rods 303 are provided, the two driving rods 303 are arranged in parallel, and two driving wheels 302 are provided, the driving wheels 302 include a first wheel 401 and a second wheel 402 eccentrically arranged with respect to the first wheel 401, a rotating shaft extends upward from the driving wheels 302, and the rotating shaft is eccentrically arranged with respect to the first wheel 401 and passes through the second wheel 402, and the rotation of the driving wheel 302 causes the eccentric rotation of the first wheel 401 and the second wheel 402, the two driving rods 303 are respectively arranged on the first wheel 401 and the second wheel 402, the end parts of the two driving rods 303 are also provided with the driving wheel 302 group, the arrangement method is consistent with the arrangement of the rear driving wheel 302 group, and the gripper bar 304 is arranged coaxially with the second wheel 402 at the end of the driving bar 303, a placing groove 403 is formed at the end of the grabbing rod 304, the grabbing block 305a is rotatably connected in the placing groove 403, and a leveling plate 404 is arranged on the side, away from the suction cup 305b, of the grabbing block 305 a.
Further, a grabbing disc 405 is arranged at the lower end of the second wheel 402, the grabbing disc 405 is connected with the outer wall of the return funnel 202, and the rotation of the second wheel 402 can drive the return funnel 202 to rotate, so that liquid can be better attached to the filter paper through the centrifugal force of rotation.
The operation process is as follows: when the driving wheel 302 rotates, the grabbing block 305a rotates through the eccentric rotation of the first wheel 401 and the second wheel 402, the filter paper is sucked by the suction cup 305b on the grabbing rod 304 and placed in the funnel, and then the filter paper is completely attached through the leveling plate 404.
It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the present application as shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters (e.g., temperatures, pressures, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter recited in this application. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present inventions. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to a particular embodiment, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Moreover, in an effort to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not be described (i.e., those unrelated to the presently contemplated best mode of carrying out the invention, or those unrelated to enabling the invention).
It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure, without undue experimentation.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring impurities in lubricating oil machinery is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
weighing a lubricating oil sample in advance and putting the lubricating oil sample into filter paper which is washed to constant weight by petroleum ether;
heating, refluxing and washing by using a direct-dropping fat extractor;
repeatedly washing until the weight is constant, and taking out the filter paper;
the difference in weight of the filter paper before and after washing was measured.
2. The method of determining impurities in a lubricating oil machine of claim 1, wherein: the above-mentioned method also includes the following steps,
and (3) washing the folded filter paper for one hour by using a direct-dropping fat extractor in advance, drying, weighing until the difference between two times of continuous weighing is not more than 0.0004g, namely constant weight, recording the total mass of the filter paper and the weighing bottle with the constant weight, and marking the total mass as the constant weight 1.
3. The method of determining impurities in a lubricating oil machine of claim 1, wherein: the above-mentioned method also includes the following steps,
the lubricating oil sample contained in the glass bottle was shaken for 5 minutes, and after mixing uniformly, about 20g of the sample was weighed to 0.2g and placed in a filter paper.
4. The method of determining impurities in a lubricating oil machine of claim 1, wherein: the above-mentioned method also includes the following steps,
putting a glass funnel and filter paper into a condensation receiver, connecting a condensation pipe and the condensation receiver, heating the glass funnel and the filter paper on an electric furnace, washing for one hour, and cooling;
and drying the cooled filter paper at 105-110 ℃ for one hour, and weighing by using an analytical balance until the weight is accurate to 0.0002 g.
5. The method and the direct drop type fat extractor for detecting mechanical impurities in lubricating oil according to claim 4, wherein: the above-mentioned method also includes the following steps,
and (3) continuously washing the filter paper by using a straight drop type fat extractor for half an hour, drying and weighing, washing until the difference between two times of continuous weighing is not more than 0.0004g, namely the constant weight, recording the total mass of the filter paper and the weighing bottle with the constant weight, namely the constant weight 2, and calculating the mass difference between the constant weight 1 and the constant weight 2.
6. A direct-drip fat extractor, comprising: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the condensation assembly comprises a bracket (100), an outer pipe (101) arranged on the bracket (100), a condensation pipeline (102) arranged inside the outer pipe (101) and a cold supply pipe (103) arranged on the outer pipe (101);
the extraction assembly (200) comprises an extraction pipe (201) connected with the lower end of the condensation pipeline (102), a reflux funnel (202) arranged in the extraction pipe (201) and a distillation flask (203) arranged at the lower end of the extraction pipe (201); and the number of the first and second groups,
a take-out assembly (300), the take-out assembly (300) being disposed on the rack (100).
7. The direct drip fat extractor of claim 6, wherein: the taking-out assembly (300) comprises a rack rod (301) arranged on the bracket (100), a driving wheel (302) rotationally connected to the rack rod (301) and a driving rod (303) connected with the driving wheel (302), the front end of the driving rod (303) is rotationally connected with a grabbing rod (304), the end part of the grabbing rod (304) is provided with an adhesive piece (305),
the adhesive member (305) includes a grip block (305a) provided at an end of the grip lever (304) and a suction cup (305b) provided on the grip block (305 a).
8. The direct drip fat extractor of claim 7, wherein: be provided with drive wheel (302) group on drive wheel (302), actuating lever (303) are provided with two, drive wheel (302) group is including second round (402) of first round (401) and first round (401) eccentric settings, first round (401) link to each other with drive wheel (302) center, two actuating lever (303) set up respectively on first round (401) and second round (402), two actuating lever (303) tip also is provided with drive wheel (302) group, grab pole (304) and second round (402) coaxial arrangement who is located actuating lever (303) tip.
9. The direct drip fat extractor of claim 7, wherein: a placing groove (403) is formed in the end portion of the grabbing rod (304), the grabbing block (305a) is rotatably connected into the placing groove (403), and a flat plate (404) is arranged on one side, away from the sucker (305b), of the grabbing block (305 a).
10. The direct drip fat extractor of claim 7, wherein: the lower end of the second wheel (402) is provided with a grabbing disc (405), and the grabbing disc (405) is connected with the outer wall of the return funnel (202).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111209816.1A CN114034600A (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2021-10-18 | Method for measuring mechanical impurities of lubricating oil and direct-dropping type fat extractor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111209816.1A CN114034600A (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2021-10-18 | Method for measuring mechanical impurities of lubricating oil and direct-dropping type fat extractor |
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| CN114034600A true CN114034600A (en) | 2022-02-11 |
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