CN114034414B - Flexible auxiliary supporting structure, pretightening force applying device and pretightening force judging method - Google Patents
Flexible auxiliary supporting structure, pretightening force applying device and pretightening force judging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114034414B CN114034414B CN202111320147.5A CN202111320147A CN114034414B CN 114034414 B CN114034414 B CN 114034414B CN 202111320147 A CN202111320147 A CN 202111320147A CN 114034414 B CN114034414 B CN 114034414B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- OIGNJSKKLXVSLS-VWUMJDOOSA-N prednisolone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 OIGNJSKKLXVSLS-VWUMJDOOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible auxiliary supporting structure, a pretightening force applying device and a pretightening force interpretation method, wherein the supporting connection mode of combining a compression ring type flexible auxiliary support and a rigid main connection can improve the stress condition of a supported piece and the dynamic environment adaptability of the supported piece; through the structural design of the auxiliary supporting parts of the supporting piece and the supported piece, a rectangular or square section containing cavity is formed, and the axial pretightening force can be well converted into the transverse supporting force through axial sleeving loading; the size of the transverse supporting force of the supported piece is approximately proportional to the axial pre-tightening force of the compression piece, and the axial pre-tightening force can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness trial fit of the gasket according to the requirement; the pre-tightening force of the compression piece can be obtained more accurately through the cooperation of the pre-tightening force applying device and the flexible auxiliary supporting structure and the adoption of the pre-tightening force judging method, so that the accurate grasp of the initial real pre-tightening force is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary support, in particular to a flexible auxiliary support structure, a pretightening force applying device and a pretightening force interpretation method.
Background
In the structural design of complex equipment, in order to ensure the connection strength and rigidity of columnar parts with larger length-diameter ratio or important columnar parts, and improve the dynamic environment adaptability and the stress condition of the product, a mounting connection mode of combining rigid connection or rigid main connection with flexible auxiliary support is adopted. The rigid connection can be provided with one or more connection parts according to the stress condition, the appearance structure, the installation layout mode and the external constraint of the product, and the connection parts generally have stronger constraint positioning function and can bear larger axial and radial loads, and generally adopt a connection mode of bolt fixation between installation flanges or spigot positioning and bolt fixation. In the support mode of combining the rigid main connection and the flexible auxiliary support, the rigid main connection part is usually only one part, and is used as a main bearing connection structure, so that the support structure has a stronger constraint positioning function and is generally connected in a mode of spigot positioning and bolt fastening; the design of the flexible auxiliary support is adaptively designed according to the stress state, the appearance structure, the surrounding space constraint, the assembly mode and other factors of the product.
In the traditional rigid connection structure, when the connection part is only at one position, the stress condition of the rigid connection structure of the parts is severe, and when the radial load is large, the non-connection end can generate larger deformation and displacement due to the cantilever; when the connecting part is more than one, the product is complicated in adjustment design, difficult to install and easy to be statically indeterminate after installation due to the machining errors of the installation flange or the installation plate, the different linear expansion coefficients of the connecting part and the like. In the above-mentioned conventional connection structure combining the rigid main connection and the auxiliary support, the supporting force provided by the auxiliary support cannot be adjusted, and the supporting force is generally affected by the size and the running tolerance of the supporting member and the supported member and has a certain dispersibility.
The traditional experience interpretation mode of the pre-tightening force mainly selects a certain load reading in the assembly loading process based on engineering experience as the pre-tightening force of the auxiliary support, the end face contact to lamination process of the assembly loading process of the main connecting part is not considered, the pre-tightening force increment generated by further compression of the auxiliary support by the partial contact to comprehensive lamination process of the main connecting end face is ignored, obvious interpretation errors are caused, and the read pre-tightening force and the real pre-tightening force errors are larger.
Therefore, a flexible auxiliary supporting structure, a pre-tightening force applying device and a pre-tightening force judging method are needed to be developed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and designs a flexible auxiliary supporting structure, a pretightening force applying device and a pretightening force interpretation method.
The invention realizes the above purpose through the following technical scheme:
a flexible auxiliary support structure comprising:
a support; the first end of the supporting piece is provided with a plurality of through holes, and a plurality of screw holes are correspondingly arranged on the first end of the supported piece; the inner wall of the supporting piece is internally provided with a first bulge, the outer side wall of the supported piece is correspondingly provided with a second bulge, and the first bulge and the second bulge are overlapped in the axial direction of the supporting piece;
a bolt; the screw rod of the bolt passes through the through hole on the supporting piece and then is screwed into the screw hole on the supported piece;
a compression member; the compression member is disposed between the first protrusion and the second protrusion.
Preferably, the first protrusion, the second protrusion, and the compression member are each formed in a ring shape.
Further, an annular step is arranged on the first protrusion towards the second end direction of the supporting piece, the compression piece is placed on the annular step, and the second protrusion is matched with the annular step.
Preferably, the flexible auxiliary support structure further comprises an adjustment shim disposed between the compression member and the second projection.
Preferably, a positioning spigot is arranged on the inner side of the first end of the supporting piece, a third bulge is correspondingly arranged on the first end of the supported piece, and the third bulge is clamped into the positioning spigot.
Pretightening force applying device of a flexible auxiliary support structure, comprising:
loading a force measuring device; the loading force measuring device is arranged outside the first end of the support piece;
a plurality of force transfer screws; the force acting ends of the loading force measuring devices are respectively connected with a plurality of force transmission screws; the force transmission screw passes through the through hole on the supporting piece and then is screwed into the screw hole on the supported piece;
a gap measuring means for measuring a gap between an inner side of the first end of the support member and the first end of the supported member; the clearance measurement tool is disposed outside the first end of the support.
Specifically, the pretightening force applying device further comprises a bracket, the second end of the supported piece is arranged on the bracket, and the supporting piece and the supported piece are vertically arranged.
The method for judging the pretightening force of the flexible auxiliary supporting structure comprises the following steps:
assembling the flexible auxiliary support structure and the pretensioning force applying device in place;
starting a loading force measuring device, and transmitting the loading force F of the loading force measuring device to a supported piece through a force transmission screw;
the clearance measuring tool measures the residual clearance x between the inner side of the first end of the supporting piece and the first end of the supported piece in real time;
and reading data of the loading force F and the residual clearance x while loading until the main connecting end face can be judged to be obviously contacted, and calculating the pretightening force of the compression ring.
Specifically, the calculation method comprises the following steps:
F x =F 1 +ΔF=F 1 +k 1 *x 1 ；
wherein F is x For compressing the ring pretightening force F 1 Is the residual gap is x 1 Loading force at the time, k 1 To be compressed to the loading force F under the simulated real state 1 The compression member after the vicinity approximates the compression stiffness, Δf being the subsequent pretension increase.
The remaining gap x is the distance from the center point of the first end face of the supported member to the inner side end face of the first end of the supporting member.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The compression ring type flexible auxiliary support and the rigid main support are connected in a supporting connection mode, so that the stress condition of a supported piece can be improved, and the dynamic environment adaptability of the supported piece can be improved;
(2) Through the structural design of the auxiliary supporting parts of the supporting piece and the supported piece, a rectangular or square section containing cavity is formed, and the axial pretightening force can be well converted into the transverse supporting force through axial sleeving loading;
(3) The size of the transverse supporting force of the supported piece is approximately proportional to the axial pre-tightening force of the compression piece, and the axial pre-tightening force can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness trial fit of the gasket according to the requirement;
(4) The pre-tightening force of the compression piece can be obtained more accurately through the cooperation of the pre-tightening force applying device and the flexible auxiliary supporting structure and the adoption of the pre-tightening force judging method, so that the accurate grasp of the initial real pre-tightening force is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an initial state of assembly pretension of a flexible auxiliary support structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an assembled pre-tensioned end state of the flexible auxiliary support structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the compression member of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a pretension applying device according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a real-life assembly micro-deflection state;
wherein 1-the support; 2-a supported member; 3-compressing member; 4-adjusting gaskets; 5-brackets; 6-positioning the spigot; 7-a bolt; 8-a force transmission screw; 9-loading the force measuring device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the directions or positional relationships conventionally put in place when the inventive product is used, or the directions or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, terms such as "disposed," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a flexible auxiliary support structure comprising:
a support 1; the first end of the supporting piece 1 is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the first end of the supported piece 2 is correspondingly provided with a plurality of screw holes; the inner wall of the support piece 1 is internally provided with a first bulge, the outer side wall of the supported piece 2 is correspondingly provided with a second bulge, and the first bulge and the second bulge are overlapped in the axial direction of the support piece 1;
a bolt 7; the screw rod of the bolt 7 passes through the through hole on the supporting piece 1 and then is screwed into the screw hole on the supported piece 2;
a compression member 3; the compression member 3 is selected as a compression ring, and the compression member 3 is disposed between the first protrusion and the second protrusion. The material of the compression member 3 can be selected from rubber soft materials such as ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, and the sensitivity of the application occasion to aging, stress relaxation and the like is required to be considered during specific selection; the cross-sectional shape of the compression member 3 can be optimally designed according to the requirement of the transverse supporting force, the convenience of assembly and the like.
In some embodiments, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are each formed in a ring shape.
In some embodiments, the first protrusion is provided with an annular step towards the second end of the support 1, on which the compression member 3 is placed, and the second protrusion cooperates with the annular step.
In some embodiments, the flexible auxiliary support structure further comprises an adjustment shim 4, the adjustment shim 4 being arranged between the compression member 3 and the second protrusion.
In some embodiments, the inner side of the first end of the support member 1 is provided with a positioning spigot 6, and correspondingly, the first end of the supported member 2 is provided with a third protrusion, and the third protrusion is clamped into the positioning spigot 6.
When in work, the adjusting gasket 4 and the compression piece 3 are sleeved on the supported piece 2 in sequence and positioned at the end part of the second bulge facing the first end of the supporting piece 1; then the third bulge at the first end of the supported piece 2 is placed into the positioning spigot 6, and the first bulge is matched with the second bulge at the moment; then the bolt 7 passes through the through hole on the supporting piece 1 and is screwed into the screw hole on the supported piece 2, and the first end face of the supported piece 2 can be pulled to be close to the inner side of the first end of the supporting piece 1 after being continuously screwed.
Wherein, the supporting piece 1 and the supported piece 2 are supported in an auxiliary way through the compression piece 3 at the rear end or waist, the compression piece 3 is compressed axially through the main connection axial assembly loading process, and radial expansion is realized synchronously, so that radial supporting force to the supported piece 2 is generated. In order to ensure better compression of the compression member 3, a relatively airtight approximately rectangular or square cavity (realized by arranging the adjusting gasket 4) is formed by the structural design of the corresponding parts of the support member 1 and the supported member 2 as in the application, the adjusting gasket 4 is made of hard materials, and gaps at two axial ends of the flexible auxiliary support member 1 extruded can be prevented on the basis of ensuring feasible assembly.
As shown in fig. 4, the pretension applying apparatus of the flexible auxiliary support structure includes:
loading a force measuring device 9; the load cell 9 is mounted outside the first end of the support 1;
a plurality of force-transmitting screws 8; the force acting ends of the loading force measuring devices 9 are respectively connected with a plurality of force transmission screws 8; the force transmission screw rod 8 passes through the through hole on the supporting piece 1 and then is screwed into the screw hole on the supported piece 2; the bolts 7 in the flexible auxiliary supporting structure are replaced by the force transmission screws 8 after being removed;
a gap measuring means for measuring a gap between an inner side of the first end of the support member and the first end of the supported member; the clearance measurement tool is disposed outside the first end of the support.
Specifically, the pretightening force detection device further comprises a bracket 5, the second end of the supported piece 2 is arranged on the bracket 5, and the supporting piece 1 and the supported piece 2 are vertically arranged.
The method for judging the pretightening force of the flexible auxiliary supporting structure comprises the following steps:
assembling the flexible auxiliary support structure and the pretensioning force applying device in place;
starting a loading force measuring device 9, and transmitting the loading force F of the loading force measuring device 9 to the supported piece 2 through a force transmission screw rod 8;
the clearance measuring tool measures in real time the remaining clearance x between the inside of the first end of the support 1 and the first end of the supported member 2 1 ；
And reading data of the loading force F and the residual clearance x while loading until the main connecting end face can be judged to be obviously contacted, and calculating the pretightening force of the compression ring.
Specifically, the calculation method comprises the following steps:
F x =F 1 +ΔF=F 1 +k 1 *x 1 ；
wherein F is x For compressing the ring pretightening force F 1 Is the residual gap is x 1 Loading force at the time, k 1 To be compressed to the loading force F under the simulated real state 1 The compression member after the vicinity approximates the compression stiffness, Δf being the subsequent pretension increase.
The remaining gap x is the distance from the center point of the first end face of the supported member 2 to the inner end face of the first end of the supporting member 1.
The main connecting end face fitting process analysis in the loading process is considered as follows: the relative positions of the main connecting end surfaces generally have the state change history of 'clearance, local contact, large-area contact and full-face fitting' caused by the tiny deflection of the axes or tiny non-parallel of the end surfaces in the assembly loading process, as shown in fig. 5. The pretightening force interpretation method provided by the method comprises the following steps: based on abrupt change of force in assembly loading process, local contact time is judged, and load F at the time is read out 1 With the remaining gap x 1 (average gap, as shown in fig. 5); based on the compression characteristics of the compression ring (compressed to a load F in a simulated real state 1 Near-after approximate compression stiffness k 1 ) Remaining gap x from local contact time 1 Calculating the subsequent pretightening force increment delta F; and finally, calculating and giving the pretightening force of the compression ring after the main connecting end face is fully attached according to the following formula: f (F) x =F 1 +ΔF=F 1 +k 1 *x 1 ；
The pretightening force interpretation method needs two parts of working foundation: firstly, performing compression characteristic test on a compression ring in a simulated real state to obtain corresponding compression stiffness data; secondly, load and gap data in the loading test process are obtained through a loading force measuring device 9 and a gap measuring tool which meet the precision requirement, wherein the gap data is the distance between the center point of the main connecting end surface of the supported piece 2 and the main connecting end surface of the supporting piece 1; the pretightening force of the compression ring after the rigid main connecting end face is attached is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the gasket 4, and the pretightening force meeting the design requirement can be obtained by multiple trial-matching of the gaskets 4 with different thicknesses.
The ring-type flexible auxiliary supporting structure has the advantages that the pretightening force can be quantitatively adjusted, the structure is simple and compact, the assembly is convenient, and the ring-type flexible auxiliary supporting structure is suitable for the auxiliary supporting design of most of parts with larger length-diameter ratio or columnar parts; the pretightening force interpretation method is simple to operate, high in practicability, capable of obviously improving the determination accuracy of pretightening force, and suitable for pretightening force interpretation calculation of a flexible auxiliary supporting structure needing accurate pretightening force control.
The application also has the following characteristics:
(1) The cross section shape of the compression ring can be optimally selected according to the requirements of the transverse supporting force, the assembly convenience and the like, and the material of the compression ring can be rubber soft materials such as ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber and the like; (2) Analysis results of the main connection end face attaching process in the loading process: the method comprises the steps of clearance, local contact, large-area contact and comprehensive lamination, and is favorable for carefully and deeply knowing the change rule of the clearance between the load and the main connecting end face in the loading process, and providing a more accurate pretightening force interpretation method according to the change rule.
The technical scheme of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiment, and all technical modifications made according to the technical scheme of the invention fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The method for judging the pretightening force of the flexible auxiliary supporting structure;
wherein, flexible auxiliary support structure includes:
a support; the first end of the supporting piece is provided with a plurality of through holes, and a plurality of screw holes are correspondingly arranged on the first end of the supported piece; the inner wall of the supporting piece is internally provided with a first bulge, the outer side wall of the supported piece is correspondingly provided with a second bulge, and the first bulge and the second bulge are overlapped in the axial direction of the supporting piece;
a bolt; the screw rod of the bolt passes through the through hole on the supporting piece and then is screwed into the screw hole on the supported piece;
a compression member; the compression piece is arranged between the first bulge and the second bulge;
the first bulge, the second bulge and the compression piece are all formed into a ring shape;
an annular step is arranged on the first bulge towards the second end direction of the supporting piece, the compression piece is placed on the annular step, and the second bulge is matched with the annular step;
the flexible auxiliary supporting structure further comprises an adjusting gasket, and the adjusting gasket is arranged between the compression piece and the second bulge;
the inner side of the first end of the supporting piece is provided with a positioning spigot, a third bulge is correspondingly arranged on the first end of the supported piece, and the third bulge is clamped into the positioning spigot;
pretightening force applying device of a flexible auxiliary support structure, comprising:
loading a force measuring device; the loading force measuring device is arranged outside the first end of the support piece;
a plurality of force transfer screws; the force acting ends of the loading force measuring devices are respectively connected with a plurality of force transmission screws; the force transmission screw passes through the through hole on the supporting piece and then is screwed into the screw hole on the supported piece;
a gap measuring means for measuring a gap between an inner side of the first end of the support member and the first end of the supported member; the clearance measuring tool is arranged outside the first end of the supporting piece;
the pretightening force applying device further comprises a bracket, the second end of the supported piece is arranged on the bracket, and the supporting piece and the supported piece are vertically arranged;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
assembling the flexible auxiliary support structure and the pretensioning force applying device in place;
starting a loading force measuring device, and transmitting the loading force F of the loading force measuring device to a supported piece through a force transmission screw;
the clearance measuring tool measures the residual clearance x between the inner side of the first end of the supporting piece and the first end of the supported piece in real time;
and reading data of the loading force F and the residual clearance x while loading until the main connecting end face can be judged to be obviously attached, and calculating the pretightening force of the compression ring.
2. The pretension interpretation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the calculation method is:
F x =F 1 +ΔF=F 1 +k 1 *x 1 ；
wherein F is x For compressing the ring pretightening force F 1 Is the residual gap is x 1 Loading force at the time, k 1 To be compressed to the loading force F under the simulated real state 1 The compression member after the vicinity approximates the compression stiffness, Δf being the subsequent pretension increase.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the remaining gap x is a distance from a center point of the first end surface of the supported member to an inner end surface of the first end of the supporting member.
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| CN202111320147.5A CN114034414B (en) | 2021-11-09 | 2021-11-09 | Flexible auxiliary supporting structure, pretightening force applying device and pretightening force judging method |
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| CN202111320147.5A CN114034414B (en) | 2021-11-09 | 2021-11-09 | Flexible auxiliary supporting structure, pretightening force applying device and pretightening force judging method |
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| CN114705326B (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2024-01-30 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Pretightening force adjusting method of flexible auxiliary supporting structure |
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| DE2100285A1 (en) * | 1970-01-14 | 1971-07-22 | Blh Electronics | Transducers |
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| CN111811715A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-23 | 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 | Connecting device for detecting end part of prestress value and detection method |
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2021
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1017380A (en) * | 1950-05-10 | 1952-12-09 | Centripetal clamping support | |
| FR1527533A (en) * | 1966-06-17 | 1968-05-31 | Blh Electronics | Aircraft weighing |
| DE2100285A1 (en) * | 1970-01-14 | 1971-07-22 | Blh Electronics | Transducers |
| FR2076108A1 (en) * | 1970-01-14 | 1971-10-15 | Blh Electronics | |
| US10060809B1 (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2018-08-28 | Larry C. Hoffman | Friction stabilizer pull tester and method |
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| CN109442186A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-03-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 | Flexible constraint structure built in a kind of straight-line motion mechanism moving component |
| CN111811715A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-23 | 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 | Connecting device for detecting end part of prestress value and detection method |
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