CN114032542A - Method for preparing MAX phase coating by using two-step method of laser technology - Google Patents
Method for preparing MAX phase coating by using two-step method of laser technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN114032542A CN114032542A CN202111287646.9A CN202111287646A CN114032542A CN 114032542 A CN114032542 A CN 114032542A CN 202111287646 A CN202111287646 A CN 202111287646A CN 114032542 A CN114032542 A CN 114032542A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing MAX phase coating by utilizing a two-step method of laser technology, and relates to the technical field of metal ceramic coating. A method for preparing MAX phase coating by using a two-step laser technology comprises the following steps of calculating and weighing required powder according to a required design powder system, mixing the powder uniformly by using a planetary ball mill, preparing the coating by laser cladding in a preset powder mode, and preparing the MAX phase coating by using a laser heat treatment technology, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps: pretreatment of a base material, preparation of cladding powder, preparation of a coating by laser cladding, and laser heat treatment of the coating. The method can prepare the MAX phase thick coating efficiently in a short process by utilizing a laser technology, improves the residual stress of the coating after laser cladding, is green and environment-friendly in the preparation process, free from environmental pollution, rapid in process implementation, short in time consumption, high in efficiency and strong in controllability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal ceramic coatings, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a MAX phase coating by using a two-step method of a laser technology.
Background
The most effective means for solving the metal failure is to improve the properties of the surface hardness, the wear resistance, the corrosion resistance, the high-temperature oxidation resistance and the like of the metal matrix by a surface modification technology. The MAX phase has the related performance advantages of metal and ceramic, and is a protective coating material with great application potential. At present, the MAX phase and the composite coating thereof are prepared by adopting a mode of magnetron sputtering and subsequent annealing.
Barsum proposed M for the first time in the 90's of the 20 th centuryn+1AXnWherein M mainly refers to transition group IIIA and IVA metal elements in the periodic table, A mainly refers to main group IIIA and IVA elements in columns 13-16 in the periodic table, and X is C or N, mainly C. n is an integer from 1 to 6, and the difference in the value of n determines the number of M layers between each two a layers, so that structures 211, 312, 413, etc. appear. The MAX phase has the excellent characteristics of metal and ceramic due to the special bonding type and the nano-layered structure. Such as excellent thermal shock resistance, electric and thermal conductivity, oxidation resistance, high temperature resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, so that the composite material can be widely applied to extreme environments such as offshore oil drilling platforms, aerospace bearing environments, nuclear waste treatment, nuclear reactor fuel cladding and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing MAX phase coating by using a laser technology two-step method, which can be used for carrying out heat treatment on the coating after laser cladding by using laser beams, so that MAX phase can be synthesized in situ, and the residual stress of the coating after laser cladding can be obviously improved. The method can realize the laser high-efficiency preparation of the MAX phase coating and promote the application of the MAX phase ceramic coating in the actual production.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the MAX phase coating by using a two-step laser technology, which comprises the following steps:
A. pretreatment of the base material: selecting a base material, cutting the base material by using a linear cutting machine, polishing the cut base material by using abrasive paper, then putting the base material into alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, and then drying the base material in vacuum for later use;
B. preparing cladding powder: weighing raw material powder according to the prepared molar ratio of the MAX phase coating, uniformly mixing by using a planetary ball mill, and drying for 10 hours at 50 ℃ in vacuum after the ball milling is finished to obtain cladding powder;
C. preparing a coating by laser cladding: b, paving the cladding powder prepared in the step B on the surface of the base material pretreated in the step A, wherein the powder paving thickness is 1.5-2.0 mm, and cladding the cladding powder to the base material by using a laser with an argon cabin, so as to prepare a coating;
D. laser heat treatment of the coating: and (3) scanning the coating prepared in the step (C) by using a laser with an argon cabin, so that the residual stress level in the coating can be reduced by a laser heat treatment technology, and the MAX phase can be efficiently synthesized in situ.
Further, the base material can be selected from metal base materials such as steel, titanium alloy, titanium aluminum alloy, zirconium alloy, copper and the like.
Further, the technological parameters of the ball mill are as follows: ball material mass ratio 5: 1, the rotating speed is 200rmp, and the ball milling time is 120 min.
Further, M, A, X element powder or binary compound and ternary compound powder mixture of the powder with MAX phase coating can be used as the cladding powder.
Further, the process parameters of the laser with the argon cabin in the step C are as follows: the laser power is 2-4 kW, the spot diameter is 5mm, the scanning speed is 90-270 mm/min, and the argon flow is 10L/min.
Further, the process parameters of the laser with the argon cabin in the step D are as follows: the laser power is 0.6-1.2kW, the spot diameter is 5mm, the scanning speed is 30-120 mm/min, and the argon flow is 10L/min.
This treatment gives a uniform, dense and high purity MAX phase coating.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a method for preparing MAX phase coating by using a two-step laser technology, which is characterized in that a composite coating is prepared by laser cladding and then is subjected to laser heat treatment, so that MAX phase can be synthesized in situ in a very short time, and the residual stress of the coating is released. The technology can efficiently prepare the MAX phase thick coating in a short process by utilizing a laser technology, the MAX phase thick coating is prepared by laser cladding and laser heat treatment, the technology is environment-friendly, self-cooling is completely utilized in the heat treatment process, a cooling medium is not needed, no environmental pollution is caused, and the technology is rapid in implementation, short in time consumption, high in efficiency and strong in controllability. The MAX phase coating is prepared by laser cladding and laser heat treatment, the laser is controlled by a computer, the precision is high, the operation is simple, and a powerful technical guarantee is provided for realizing the efficient preparation of the MAX phase composite coating.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a laser clad coating prepared by the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an XRD pattern of a laser clad coating prepared by the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of a laser-clad coating prepared by the method of the present invention after laser heat treatment;
fig. 4 is an XRD pattern of the laser-clad coating prepared by the method of the present invention after laser heat treatment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for preparing Ti-Al-C series MAX phase coating by using a laser technology two-step method, which is taken as an example for preparing Ti-Al-C series MAX phase coating by using a laser cladding and laser heat treatment two-step method2The preparation method of the AlC MAX phase coating comprises the following steps:
A. pretreatment of the base material: selecting TC4 titanium alloy as a base material, cutting the base material into required size by using a wire cutting machine, polishing the cut base material by using abrasive paper, then putting the base material into alcohol, washing the base material with an ultrasonic cleaner to remove oil stains on the surface of the base material, and drying the base material with a vacuum dryer for later use;
B. preparing cladding powder: according to Ti2Raw material powder is weighed according to the molar ratio of AlC MAX phase coating, the MAX phase powder used in the embodiment mainly comprises TiC and TiAl, the molar ratio is 1:1, a small amount of aluminum powder is added in consideration of Al element burning loss, and then the mixture is uniformly mixed by a planetary ball mill, wherein the technological parameters of the ball mill are as follows: ball material mass ratio 5: 1, rotating speed of 200rmp, ball milling time of 120min, after ball milling, drying the ball milled powder at 50 ℃ for 10h in vacuum to obtain cladding powder, wherein the cladding powder can also adopt Ti2Ti, Al and C element powder of the AlC MAX phase coating or binary compound and ternary compound powder mixture thereof;
C. preparing a coating by laser cladding: b, paving the cladding powder prepared in the step B on the surface of the titanium alloy pretreated in the step A in a powder presetting mode, wherein the powder paving thickness is 1.5-2.0 mm, and cladding the cladding powder to a base material by using a laser with an argon cabin, wherein the main process parameters of the laser are as follows: the laser power is 2-4 kW, the spot diameter is 5mm, the scanning speed is 90-270 mm/min, and the argon flow is 10L/min, so that the Ti-Al-C-containing composite coating is obtained, wherein the composite coating mainly comprises TiC and Ti2Intermetallic compound of AlC, Ti-Al series and small amount of Ti3AlC2Phase, as shown in fig. 1 and 2;
D. laser heat treatment of the coating: and C, scanning the coating prepared in the step C by using a laser with an argon cabin, wherein the main process parameters of the laser are as follows: the laser power is 0.6-1.2kW, the spot diameter is 5mm, the scanning speed is 30-120 mm/min, the argon flow is 10L/min, and the main component of the coating is Ti2An AlC phase containing a small amount of TiC and a Ti-Al based intermetallic compound, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
The method prepares the Ti-Al-C series MAX phase coating by a two-step method of laser cladding and laser heat treatment, firstly prepares a Ti-Al-C composite coating taking TiC and Ti-Al intermetallic compounds as main phases by utilizing a laser cladding process, and then converts the TiC and Ti-Al intermetallic compounds in the coating into Ti in situ by laser heat treatment2AlC MAX phase, finally preparing Ti2AlC MAX phase coating. The method can effectively reduce the residual stress level in the coating and reduce the charging of conventional heat treatmentAnd heating and heat preservation links, and realizes the integrated laser preparation of the MAX phase coating with high efficiency and short flow.
The surface of the Ti-Al-C MAX-phase coating is selectively oxidized into Al with extremely strong high-temperature oxidation resistance in a high-temperature environment2O3The film is filled in the defects of cracks and the like on the surface of the coating, so that the coating has excellent high-temperature self-healing capacity, and the surface of the material can be prevented from further cracking and damaging. Meanwhile, the Ti-Al-C coating also has high-quality corrosion resistance and wear resistance, and has great application prospect and development potential when being used as a metal surface modified coating by combining the high-temperature oxidation resistance.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing MAX phase coating by using a two-step laser technology is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
A. pretreatment of the base material: selecting a base material, cutting the base material by using a linear cutting machine, polishing the cut base material by using abrasive paper, then putting the base material into alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, and then drying the base material in vacuum for later use;
B. preparing cladding powder: weighing raw material powder according to the prepared molar ratio of the MAX phase coating, uniformly mixing by using a planetary ball mill, and drying for 10 hours at 50 ℃ in vacuum after the ball milling is finished to obtain cladding powder;
C. preparing a coating by laser cladding: b, paving the cladding powder prepared in the step B on the surface of the base material pretreated in the step A, wherein the powder paving thickness is 1.5-2.0 mm, and cladding the cladding powder to the base material by using a laser with an argon cabin, so as to prepare a coating;
D. laser heat treatment of the coating: the coating prepared in step C was scanned with a laser from an argon capsule.
2. A method for preparing a MAX phase coating using a two step laser technique according to claim 1, characterised in that: the base material can be selected from metal base materials such as steel, titanium alloy, titanium-aluminum alloy, zirconium alloy, copper and the like.
3. The method for preparing MAX phase coating by using two-step laser technology according to claim 1, wherein the ball mill process parameters are: ball material mass ratio 5: 1, the rotating speed is 200rmp, and the ball milling time is 120 min.
4. A method for preparing a MAX phase coating using a two step laser technique according to claim 1, characterised in that: the cladding powder can also adopt M, A, X element powder of MAX phase coating or binary compound and ternary compound powder mixture thereof.
5. The method for preparing MAX phase coating by two-step method of laser technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process parameters of the laser with argon chamber in step C are: the laser power is 2-4 kW, the spot diameter is 5mm, the scanning speed is 90-270 mm/min, and the argon flow is 10L/min.
6. The method for preparing MAX phase coating by two-step method of laser technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process parameters of the laser with argon chamber in step D are: the laser power is 0.6-1.2kW, the spot diameter is 5mm, the scanning speed is 30-120 mm/min, and the argon flow is 10L/min.
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Citations (7)
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| CN102383126A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-03-21 | 南昌航空大学 | Method with functions of preheating and postheating for forming crack-free coating with high efficiency by three-light-beam laser-cladding technique |
| CN102776468A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-14 | 昆山乔锐金属制品有限公司 | Preparation technology for high-performance steel-based coating |
| KR101945694B1 (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-02-08 | 창원대학교 산학협력단 | Method for forming high velocity oxygen fuel spayed WC-metal coating having laser heat treatment |
| CN110129674A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-16 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of functionally gradient material (FGM) rail frog of laser melting coating preparation |
| US20200324373A1 (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-10-15 | Baolong Shen | Iron-based amorphous nanocrystalline laser cladding composite coating, preparation method and test method thereof |
| CN112921317A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-08 | 贵州大学 | Method for preparing ternary layered MAX phase ceramic coating through laser cladding |
| CN113151827A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-23 | 中国海洋大学 | Wear-resistant coating with multistage island-shaped structure and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-11-02 CN CN202111287646.9A patent/CN114032542A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102383126A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-03-21 | 南昌航空大学 | Method with functions of preheating and postheating for forming crack-free coating with high efficiency by three-light-beam laser-cladding technique |
| CN102776468A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-14 | 昆山乔锐金属制品有限公司 | Preparation technology for high-performance steel-based coating |
| KR101945694B1 (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-02-08 | 창원대학교 산학협력단 | Method for forming high velocity oxygen fuel spayed WC-metal coating having laser heat treatment |
| US20200324373A1 (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-10-15 | Baolong Shen | Iron-based amorphous nanocrystalline laser cladding composite coating, preparation method and test method thereof |
| CN110129674A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-16 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of functionally gradient material (FGM) rail frog of laser melting coating preparation |
| CN112921317A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-08 | 贵州大学 | Method for preparing ternary layered MAX phase ceramic coating through laser cladding |
| CN113151827A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-23 | 中国海洋大学 | Wear-resistant coating with multistage island-shaped structure and preparation method thereof |
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