CN114030374A - Portable battery replacement method and system for bidirectional charging and discharging - Google Patents
Portable battery replacement method and system for bidirectional charging and discharging Download PDFInfo
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- CN114030374A CN114030374A CN202111436437.6A CN202111436437A CN114030374A CN 114030374 A CN114030374 A CN 114030374A CN 202111436437 A CN202111436437 A CN 202111436437A CN 114030374 A CN114030374 A CN 114030374A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Abstract
A portable battery replacement method and a portable battery replacement system capable of realizing bidirectional charging and discharging are disclosed, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the electric vehicle acquires the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the portable battery through a controller or a battery management system; the electric motor car is according to electric quantity of electric motor car battery and portable battery, make portable battery charge or the electric motor car battery charges to portable battery to electric motor car battery, this application is through two-way DC/DC converter, both can make portable battery mend the electricity for electric motor car battery, also can be in turn with the operation repayment energy storage of electric motor car to portable battery, the waste of energy has been avoided, simultaneously when charging for electric motor car battery in the charging process, also can charge for portable battery, further improve portable battery's utilization ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of range extension of electric vehicles, and particularly relates to a portable battery changing method and system for bidirectional charging and discharging.
Background
At present, the electric vehicle is used as a travel tool, and due to the characteristics of environmental protection, greenness and low cost, the travel requirement of people at present can be met, and the influence on the environment is smaller than that of the traditional fuel vehicle. However, the current electric vehicle is limited by the capacity of the power battery pack, and generally only can travel a short distance, so that the electric vehicle is inconvenient in long-distance travel.
In order to solve the above problems, the conventional common solutions include that a portable battery is additionally installed and replaced in a battery replacement cabinet or an electric vehicle battery is replaced in a battery replacement station, so as to increase the capacity of the electric vehicle battery and improve the endurance mileage. The portable battery is a detachable battery, generally supplies power to the electric vehicle through a DC/DC converter, and can independently supply power to the electric vehicle under certain conditions.
The battery specification difference caused by the difference between electric vehicle brands needs to be overcome by replacing the whole electric vehicle battery in the power station, the cost for constructing the power station is high, and the requirement for replacing the battery by a user at any time and any place is difficult to meet. Because the portable battery is light in weight and easy to detach, the portable battery is more convenient for users to use, and therefore, the portable battery is additionally mounted on the electric vehicle to achieve range extension in a common method.
However, when the portable battery is additionally installed, the portable battery can only charge the battery of the electric vehicle in one direction, and when the vehicle is in a driving state, in the process of decelerating the driving motor from a high speed to a low speed, the conventional electric vehicle can generate regenerative energy due to the mechanical inertia of the motor, and the regenerative energy can be recharged into the battery of the electric vehicle through an energy feedback device of the motor controller to realize energy recovery. However, after the portable battery is connected, the portable battery can charge the electric vehicle battery all the time, so that the electric vehicle battery is in a full-charge state for a long time, the regenerated energy collected by the energy feedback device cannot be charged into the electric vehicle battery, and the part of energy is wasted. Meanwhile, after the portable battery is fully charged with the battery of the electric vehicle, the portable battery cannot be charged through the charging equipment of the electric vehicle, and the portable battery is not charged and must be carried on the vehicle, so that the portable battery becomes burdensome.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a portable battery replacing method and system for bidirectional charging and discharging, and aims to solve the problems of energy waste and high cost in a traditional electric vehicle range extending mode.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a battery replacement method for a portable battery applied to bidirectional charging and discharging of an electric vehicle, where the electric vehicle includes a bidirectional DC/DC converter, an electric vehicle battery, and the portable battery, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is respectively connected to the electric vehicle battery and the portable battery, and the method includes:
the electric vehicle determines the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle;
if the electric quantity of the battery of the electric vehicle and the state of the electric vehicle meet the first condition, the electric vehicle charges the battery of the electric vehicle through the bidirectional DC/DC converter by using the electric energy stored by the portable battery;
and if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle meet the second condition, the electric vehicle charges the electric energy stored in the electric vehicle battery to the portable battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
Further, when the electric quantity of the battery of the electric vehicle and the state of the electric vehicle satisfy a first condition, the electric energy stored in the battery of the electric vehicle is charged to the portable battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter, which specifically includes the following steps:
when the electric vehicle is in a running state and the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is less than or equal to a first preset electric quantity threshold value, the electric vehicle determines that the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle meet a first condition;
the electric vehicle charges the electric energy stored in the portable battery to the battery of the electric vehicle through the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
Furthermore, the electric vehicle also comprises a motor controller and a driving motor, wherein the battery of the electric vehicle is connected to the motor controller, and the motor controller is connected to the driving motor;
the method further comprises the following steps:
when the electric vehicle is in a running state, the electric vehicle supplies power to the motor controller through the electric vehicle battery so as to trigger the motor controller to control the driving motor to work.
Further, if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle satisfy the second condition, the electric vehicle charges the electric energy stored in the electric vehicle battery to the portable battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when the electric vehicle is in a running state, the electric vehicle reversely charges energy feedback electric quantity generated in the running process to a battery of the electric vehicle;
if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is larger than or equal to a second preset electric quantity threshold value, the electric vehicle determines that the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle meet a second condition;
energy feedback electric quantity generated when the electric vehicle runs is reversely charged to the portable battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
Further, if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle satisfy the second condition, the electric vehicle charges the electric energy stored in the electric vehicle battery to the portable battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when the electric vehicle is in a charging state, the electric vehicle charges a battery of the electric vehicle through external charging equipment;
if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is larger than or equal to a third preset electric quantity threshold value, the electric vehicle determines that the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle meet a second condition;
the electric vehicle charges the electric energy stored in the portable battery to the battery of the electric vehicle through the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
Further, the external charging equipment is a charging pile; or an alternating current power supply; the alternating current power supply is connected to the electric vehicle battery through the vehicle-mounted charger.
Further, the method further comprises:
the electric vehicle displays the electric quantity of the portable battery; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the electric vehicle displays the total electric quantity of the battery, and the total electric quantity of the battery comprises the available electric quantity of the battery of the electric vehicle and the available electric quantity of the portable battery.
Further, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected to the electric vehicle battery through a communication cable, and is connected to the portable battery through a communication cable.
Further, the portable battery is a lithium battery, a nickel-chromium battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery or a sodium battery.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a portable battery charging system for bidirectional charging and discharging of an electric vehicle, the system comprising: the portable battery is connected with the bidirectional DC/DC converter;
the system is used for:
determining the electric quantity of a battery of the electric vehicle and the state of the electric vehicle;
if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle meet a first condition, charging the electric energy stored by the portable battery to the electric vehicle battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter;
and if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle meet the second condition, charging the electric energy stored in the electric vehicle battery to the portable battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
In a third aspect of the invention, the invention further provides an electric vehicle, which comprises the portable battery replacing system capable of charging and discharging in two directions.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has the advantages that:
this application has adopted two-way DC/DC converter, both can realize that portable battery charges to the electric motor car battery, also can reverse the operation repayment energy of electric motor car on the portable battery, just so avoided the waste of energy.
Simultaneously, in some areas that do not have the cabinet of changing electricity, the user can be directly through filling electric pile or domestic battery charging outfit, charges for portable battery when charging for electric motor car battery, improves portable battery's utilization ratio.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a portable battery replacement method for bidirectional charging and discharging according to the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a portable battery replacement method for bidirectional charging and discharging according to the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a portable battery charging a battery of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating charging of a portable battery by energy feedback electric quantity of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a portable battery charging configuration of an electric vehicle during AC slow charging according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a portable battery being charged by the charging pile when the electric vehicle is charged by the charging pile according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a parallel battery switch for supplying power to an electric vehicle by switching between an electric vehicle battery and a portable battery.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
Example 1
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a portable battery replacement method for bidirectional charging and discharging according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in this embodiment, the method includes the following steps:
s1, the electric vehicle determines the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the portable battery and the running state of the electric vehicle;
s2, controlling a bidirectional DC/DC converter by the electric vehicle according to the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the portable battery and the running state of the electric vehicle, so that the portable battery charges the electric vehicle battery, or the electric vehicle battery charges the portable battery;
and S3, the electric vehicle receives the real-time electric quantity of the portable battery of the electric vehicle battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
Optionally, the electric vehicle may be connected to a communication line of the bidirectional DC/DC converter through a vehicle main line, and electric quantities of the electric vehicle battery and the portable battery are obtained through the bidirectional DC/DC converter; the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery can be directly obtained through the vehicle main line, and the electric quantity of the portable battery can be obtained through communication connection with the portable battery.
Further, referring to fig. 2, in a specific embodiment, step S2 includes the following steps:
s21, judging whether the electric vehicle is in a running state by the bidirectional DC/DC converter;
if the electric vehicle is in the running state, step S3 includes the following steps:
s31, judging whether the electric quantity of the battery of the electric vehicle is less than or equal to a first preset electric quantity threshold value;
s32, if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is less than or equal to a first preset electric quantity threshold value, the portable battery charges the electric vehicle battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter;
s33, if the electric quantity of the battery of the electric vehicle is larger than or equal to the first preset electric quantity threshold value, further judging whether the electric quantity of the electric vehicle is larger than or equal to the second preset electric quantity threshold value
S33, if the electric quantity of the battery of the electric vehicle is larger than or equal to the second preset electric quantity threshold value, reversely charging energy feedback electric quantity generated in the running process of the electric vehicle to the portable battery;
if the electric vehicle is not in the operating state, step S2 further includes the following steps:
s22, judging whether the electric vehicle is in a charging state by the bidirectional DC/DC converter;
if the electric vehicle is in the charging state, step S3 includes the following steps:
s34, judging whether the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is greater than or equal to a third preset electric quantity threshold value;
s35, if the electric quantity of the battery of the electric vehicle is larger than or equal to a third preset electric quantity threshold value, further judging whether the electric quantity of the portable battery is full;
s36, if the electric quantity of the portable battery is not full, the electric vehicle charges the portable battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and if the electric quantity of the portable battery is full, the charging is finished;
and S37, if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is smaller than a third preset electric quantity threshold value, continuing to charge the electric vehicle battery.
In the embodiment, no matter the electric vehicle is in a driving state or a charging state, the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery can be mutually transmitted with the electric quantity of the portable battery, which is equivalent to enlarging the electric quantity of the original electric vehicle battery, and the problem of range extension of the electric vehicle can be well solved
It should be understood that, the sequence numbers of the steps in the foregoing embodiments do not imply an execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
According to the above embodiment, in step S1, the bidirectional DC/DC converter obtains the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the portable battery connected thereto, and also obtains the voltage levels of the electric vehicle battery and the portable battery at the same time, and according to the voltage levels, the bidirectional DC/DC converter automatically selects to perform the step-up or step-down operation when the portable battery is charged to the electric vehicle battery or the electric vehicle battery is reversely charged to the portable battery.
Example 2
Example 1 of the present application is further illustrated below by example 2 for a better understanding of the above example 1.
Optionally, in this embodiment, the first preset electric quantity threshold may be set to 20%, the second preset electric quantity threshold may be set to 95%, in actual operation, the first preset electric quantity threshold and the second preset electric quantity threshold may be set to any value between 0% and 100%, and the first preset electric quantity threshold should be smaller than the second preset electric quantity threshold, in a specific implementation scheme, for convenience in operation, the second preset electric quantity threshold is generally set to 100%. When the electric vehicle starts to run, the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is 100%, the electric quantity is larger than a first preset electric quantity threshold value and is also larger than a second preset electric quantity threshold value, at the moment, the bidirectional DC/DC converter charges energy feedback electric quantity generated in the running process of the electric vehicle into the portable battery through the electric vehicle battery, after a period of running, the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is reduced to 90%, at the moment, the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is higher than the first preset electric quantity threshold value but lower than the second preset electric quantity, and the energy feedback electric quantity generated in the running process of the electric vehicle is directly charged into the electric vehicle battery. After a period of running again, the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is 15%, and at this time, the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is lower than the first preset charging threshold, and the portable battery charges the electric vehicle battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter, which may be set in some embodiments to stop charging the electric vehicle battery when the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery exceeds the first preset electric quantity threshold (i.e., the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery exceeds 20% in this embodiment); the portable battery may stop charging the electric vehicle battery until the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is greater than or equal to a second preset electric quantity threshold (i.e., the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery in this embodiment is greater than or equal to 95%).
Optionally, in this embodiment, the third preset electric quantity threshold may be determined as 90%, when the electric vehicle is charged, if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is lower than the third preset electric quantity threshold by 90%, the charging system preferentially charges the electric vehicle battery until the electric quantity is greater than or equal to the third preset electric quantity threshold by 90%, and the electric quantity charged by the charging system charges the portable battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter, so that the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery itself can be preferentially ensured, the portable battery can also be charged under the condition of sufficient time, and inconvenience for the user due to the fact that the portable battery cannot be returned or replaced after the electric quantity of the portable battery is used up is avoided.
Under some conditions, when the bidirectional DC/DC converter reads the voltage levels of the electric vehicle battery and the portable battery, if the voltage level of the electric vehicle battery is consistent with that of the portable battery, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is not needed to execute step-up/step-down operation, a battery parallel switch can be arranged between the electric vehicle battery and a connecting circuit of the portable battery, and when the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is exhausted, the battery parallel switch is automatically closed, so that the portable battery directly supplies power to the electric vehicle.
As shown in fig. 3 to 6, a portable battery replacing system capable of bidirectional charging and discharging includes:
the portable battery 1 is connected with the electric vehicle battery 3 through the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 is used for reading the voltage and the electric quantity of the portable battery 1 and the electric vehicle battery 3, and the charging directions of the portable battery and the electric vehicle battery are determined according to the voltage and the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the portable battery and the state of the electric vehicle. The portable battery is connected to the bidirectional DC/DC converter through a terminal wire, and the port has a mechanical locking function to prevent the line connection from loosening due to bumping. The positive and negative electrodes of the port connected with the portable battery are fool-proof and cannot be reversely connected. The lock catch can be unlocked only by being pulled by a person, and a tool is not needed, so that the portable battery is convenient to replace. The terminal wire can be used for connecting a high-power wire and a communication line, and one end of the terminal wire is fixed on the bidirectional DC/DC converter, so that the terminal wire can be detached without tools and a portable battery can be conveniently replaced.
Because the DC/DC converter has the functions of boosting and reducing voltage, the electric capacity and voltage of the connectable portable battery, even the battery type, are not fixed, and in the specific implementation process, the selected portable battery can be a lithium battery, a nickel-chromium battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery or a sodium battery. The portable battery may be provided with a Battery Management System (BMS), and the BMS may transmit parameters, such as voltage and power of the portable battery, to the DC/DC converter through the communication line, and the DC/DC converter may determine whether to perform the step-up or step-down operation according to the voltage of the portable battery and the voltage of the electric vehicle battery.
As shown in fig. 7, when the voltage level of the portable battery is consistent with that of the battery of the electric vehicle, the step-up and step-down operations need not to be performed through the DC/DC converter, and in some embodiments, the portable battery and the battery of the electric vehicle need only be connected in parallel through the battery parallel switch that can be controlled by the electric vehicle, and when the electric quantity of the battery of the electric vehicle is exhausted, the battery parallel switch is directly switched to the portable battery to supply power to the electric vehicle.
Specifically, the following embodiments are provided to explain the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 for determining the charging directions of the portable battery and the electric vehicle battery.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 obtains the voltage and the electric quantity of the portable battery 1 and the electric vehicle battery 3 in real time through the communication cable, the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery 3 drops due to the continuous control of the driving motor 5 by the motor controller 4 connected thereto, the information is transmitted to the electric vehicle through the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 via the vehicle bus, the electric vehicle determines the running state of the electric vehicle in combination with other related parameters, when the vehicle is in the running state, during the deceleration of the driving motor from a high speed to a low speed, regenerative energy is generated due to the mechanical inertia of the motor, and the energy can be recharged into the electric vehicle battery through the energy feedback device of the motor controller, thereby realizing energy recovery.
When the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery 3 acquired by the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 shows that the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is less than or equal to a first preset electric quantity threshold value, the portable battery charges the electric vehicle battery at the moment.
As shown in fig. 4, when the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery 3 acquired by the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 indicates that the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is greater than or equal to the second preset electric quantity threshold, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 reversely charges part or all of the energy feedback electric quantity to the portable battery, the energy feedback electric quantity is acquired from the operation process of the driving motor through the motor controller, and the problem that energy recovery cannot be performed if the battery on the electric vehicle is fully charged when the electric vehicle motor has energy feedback is solved.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 5 or fig. 6, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 obtains the voltages and electric quantities of the portable battery 1 and the electric vehicle battery 3 in real time through the communication cable, the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery increases due to the connection of the on-board charger 6 to the ac power supply 7 or the connection to the charging pile 8, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 determines that the electric vehicle is in a charging state based on the electric quantity, so that the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 determines that the electric vehicle battery charges the portable battery. In order to ensure the charging speed of the electric vehicle battery, after the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is greater than a third preset electric quantity threshold value, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 2 starts to charge the portable battery 3 again. When the electric vehicle battery is charged by the charging pile, the portable battery can be charged, so that the endurance is prolonged, the problems that the cost of the battery replacement station is high and the popularization is not facilitated are solved, the battery replacement cabinet can be widely adopted to replace the battery manually, and the cost is low
In some embodiments, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected to the vehicle system via a vehicle bus, and is configured to directly read the operating status of the vehicle, and send the power statuses of the portable battery and the electric vehicle battery to the vehicle system, so that the driver can visually see the power statuses of the portable battery and the electric vehicle battery.
Optionally, the bidirectional DC/DC converter may further include a memory, and the memory stores a first preset electric quantity threshold value, a second preset electric quantity threshold value, and a third preset electric quantity threshold value in a charging state of the electric vehicle in advance.
Optionally, the bidirectional DC/DC converter further includes a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the portable battery charging and discharging method for bidirectional charging and discharging are implemented.
In some embodiments, the portable battery is provided with a GPS positioning module and a communication module, the GPS positioning module is used for preventing the portable battery from being stolen, and the communication module is used for sending state information of the portable battery to the battery replacement cabinet.
In some embodiments, the battery of the electric vehicle may be connected to a plurality of portable batteries through a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and each portable battery is sorted, so that each portable battery performs the above steps in order, or connected to a plurality of bidirectional DC/DC converters, and connected to a plurality of portable batteries through a plurality of bidirectional DC/DC converters, so as to flexibly increase or decrease the portable batteries according to the driving mileage of a specific requirement, thereby achieving the purpose of flexible range extension.
The portable battery replacing method capable of charging and discharging in two directions can be applied to an electric vehicle, such as a 2-wheel electric bicycle, or a 4-wheel electric vehicle, or other possible electric vehicles.
In some embodiments, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is provided with an indicator light for indicating the operating state of the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
The electric vehicle power supply system has the advantages that the bidirectional DCDC converter is adopted, so that electricity can be supplemented for the electric vehicle, the electricity of the electric vehicle can be stored in a portable battery in turn, and the battery capacity of the electric vehicle is equivalently enlarged.
In the area that does not have the cabinet of changing electricity, the driver can also charge for portable battery through filling electric pile. The utilization rate of the portable battery is improved; after connecting the portable battery, the instrument desk can display the capacity of the portable battery and increase the total capacity of the portable battery.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.
Claims (11)
1. A bidirectional charging and discharging portable battery replacing method is applied to an electric vehicle, the electric vehicle comprises a bidirectional DC/DC converter, an electric vehicle battery and a portable battery, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is respectively connected to the electric vehicle battery and the portable battery, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the electric vehicle determines the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle;
if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle meet a first condition, the electric vehicle charges the electric vehicle battery with the electric energy stored by the portable battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter;
and if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle meet a second condition, the electric vehicle charges the portable battery with the electric energy stored in the electric vehicle battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the charging the portable battery with the electric energy stored in the electric vehicle battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle satisfy a first condition, comprises:
when the electric vehicle is in a running state and the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is less than or equal to a first preset electric quantity threshold value, the electric vehicle determines that the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle meet the first condition;
the electric vehicle charges the electric energy stored by the portable battery to the electric vehicle battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the electric vehicle further comprises a motor controller and a drive motor, the electric vehicle battery being connected to the motor controller, the motor controller being connected to the drive motor;
the method further comprises the following steps:
when the electric vehicle is in a running state, the electric vehicle supplies power to the motor controller through the electric vehicle battery so as to trigger the motor controller to control the driving motor to work.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the electric vehicle charges the portable battery with the electric energy stored in the electric vehicle battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter if the charge level of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle satisfy a second condition, comprising:
when the electric vehicle is in a running state, the electric vehicle reversely charges energy feedback electric quantity generated in the running process to the electric vehicle battery;
if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is larger than or equal to a second preset electric quantity threshold value, the electric vehicle determines that the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle meet a second condition;
and reversely charging energy feedback electric quantity generated by the electric vehicle during running to the portable battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the electric vehicle charges the portable battery with the electric energy stored in the electric vehicle battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter if the charge level of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle satisfy a second condition, comprising:
when the electric vehicle is in a charging state, the electric vehicle charges the electric vehicle battery through external charging equipment;
if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery is larger than or equal to a third preset electric quantity threshold value, the electric vehicle determines that the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle meet a second condition;
the electric vehicle charges the electric energy stored by the portable battery to the electric vehicle battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
6. The method of claim 5,
the external charging equipment is a charging pile; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the external charging equipment is an alternating current power supply; the alternating current power supply is connected to the electric vehicle battery through an on-board charger.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
the electric vehicle displays the electric quantity of the portable battery; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the electric vehicle displays the total electric quantity of the battery, and the total electric quantity of the battery comprises the available electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the available electric quantity of the portable battery.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected to the electric vehicle battery by a communication cable and to the portable battery by a communication cable.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the portable battery is a lithium battery, a nickel chromium battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, or a sodium battery.
10. The utility model provides a portable battery of two-way charge-discharge trades electric system, the system is applied to the electric motor car which characterized in that, the system includes: a bidirectional DC/DC converter, an electric vehicle battery, and a portable battery, the bidirectional DC/DC converter being connected to the electric vehicle battery and the portable battery, respectively;
the system is used for:
determining the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle;
if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle meet a first condition, charging the electric vehicle battery with the electric energy stored by the portable battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter;
and if the electric quantity of the electric vehicle battery and the state of the electric vehicle meet a second condition, charging the electric energy stored in the electric vehicle battery to the portable battery through the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
11. An electric vehicle comprising the bi-directional charging and discharging portable battery swapping system of claim 10.
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