CN114029600A - Electron beam welding method for nickel-based alloy parts - Google Patents
Electron beam welding method for nickel-based alloy parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN114029600A CN114029600A CN202111223600.0A CN202111223600A CN114029600A CN 114029600 A CN114029600 A CN 114029600A CN 202111223600 A CN202111223600 A CN 202111223600A CN 114029600 A CN114029600 A CN 114029600A
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- nickel
- based alloy
- electron beam
- alloy part
- welding
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/06—Electron-beam welding or cutting within a vacuum chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0033—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
- B23K15/0053—Seam welding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an electron beam welding method of a nickel-based alloy part, which comprises the following steps: firstly, performing pre-welding preparation operation on a nickel-based alloy part to be welded; welding the nickel-based alloy part prepared in the step one by adopting an electron beam welding method; step three, performing postweld inspection on the nickel-based alloy part welded in the step two; and step four, carrying out postweld heat treatment operation on the nickel-based alloy part subjected to postweld inspection. The invention has the advantages that the embodiment of the invention adopts the electron beam welding method to carry out interstage connection, so that the mounting edge and the bolt structure can be reduced, the number of parts is further reduced, the weight reduction of the structure is effectively realized, and the rigidity and the reliability of the rotor can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of welding methods, in particular to an electron beam welding method for nickel-based alloy parts.
Background
As the demand for power plants increases for advanced aerospace equipment, it places greater demands on the weight of the structure. Aiming at high-alloying high-temperature alloy, the high-alloying high-temperature alloy is mostly connected by adopting a bolt structure due to the characteristic of poor weldability.
The existing nickel-based high-temperature alloy (GH4586) has the defects of 2.0-4.0 mass percent of tungsten element, 1.5-1.7 mass percent of aluminum element and 3.2-3.5 mass percent of titanium element, and poor fusion welding manufacturability. Therefore, the existing GH4586 alloy compressor rotor interstage connections all adopt bolt structures, and the problem that the overall device is heavy due to the mass of bolts is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electron beam welding method of a nickel-based alloy part, which aims to achieve the purpose of reducing the weight of a power device.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an electron beam welding method of a nickel-based alloy part, comprising: firstly, performing pre-welding preparation operation on a nickel-based alloy part to be welded; welding the nickel-based alloy part prepared in the step one by adopting an electron beam welding method; step three, performing postweld inspection on the nickel-based alloy part welded in the step two; and step four, carrying out postweld heat treatment operation on the nickel-based alloy part subjected to postweld inspection.
Further, the first step comprises: and (4) keeping the temperature of the nickel-based alloy part at the set temperature for a set hour, and then cooling the nickel-based alloy part in air.
Further, the temperature is set to be 1070 ℃ to 1090 ℃ and the time is set to be 3 to 5 hours.
Further, the first step further comprises: and cleaning the nickel-based alloy part subjected to air cooling before welding.
Further, the second step comprises: fixing the nickel-based alloy part prepared in the step one to a welding fixture; vacuumizing the nickel-based alloy part to enable the vacuum pressure to reach a set value; and (4) performing positioning welding on the nickel-based alloy part in the vacuum environment, and welding the nickel-based alloy part by adopting an electron beam welding method after the welding is finished.
Further, the welding parameters of the electron beam welding method in the step two are as follows: the accelerating voltage is 150KV, and the welding speed is 20 mm/s-40 mm/s; the electron beam current is 50 mA-80 mA, and the focusing current is 1900 mA-2200 mA.
Further, the scanning parameters of the electron beam welding method in the second step are as follows: the scanning waveform of the electron beam welding method is circular wave, the amplitude is 1.2 mm-0.6 mm, and the frequency is 550 Hz-650 Hz.
Further, the third step is specifically: and D, performing postweld inspection on the nickel-based alloy part welded in the step two by adopting an X-ray inspection method and a fluorescence inspection method.
Further, the fourth step is specifically: and (3) keeping the temperature of the nickel-based alloy part subjected to post-welding inspection at 750-770 ℃ for 15.5-16.5 hours, and then carrying out air cooling operation on the nickel-based alloy part.
Further, the fourth step is specifically: step 4.1, preserving the heat of the nickel-based alloy part subjected to post-welding inspection for 3.5 to 4.5 hours at the temperature of 1070 to 1090 ℃, and then carrying out air cooling operation on the nickel-based alloy part; and 4.2, preserving the heat of the nickel-based alloy part in the step 4.1 for 15.5 to 16.5 hours at the temperature of 750 to 770 ℃, and then carrying out air cooling operation on the nickel-based alloy part.
The invention has the advantages that the embodiment of the invention adopts the electron beam welding method to carry out interstage connection, so that the mounting edge and the bolt structure can be reduced, the number of parts is further reduced, the weight reduction of the structure is effectively realized, and the rigidity and the reliability of the rotor can be improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electron beam welding method for a nickel-based alloy part, including:
firstly, performing pre-welding preparation operation on a nickel-based alloy part to be welded;
welding the nickel-based alloy part prepared in the step one by adopting an electron beam welding method;
step three, performing postweld inspection on the nickel-based alloy part welded in the step two;
and step four, carrying out postweld heat treatment operation on the nickel-based alloy part subjected to postweld inspection.
The embodiment of the invention adopts an electron beam welding method to carry out interstage connection, so that the mounting edges and bolt structures can be reduced, the number of parts is further reduced, the structural weight reduction is effectively realized, and the rigidity and the reliability of the rotor can be improved.
The nickel-based wrought superalloy GH4586 comprises, by mass, 2.0% -4.0% of tungsten, 1.5% -1.7% of aluminum and 3.2% -3.5% of titanium of a nickel-based alloy part.
Specifically, the first step comprises: and (4) keeping the temperature of the nickel-based alloy part at the set temperature for a set hour, and then cooling the nickel-based alloy part in air. Wherein the set temperature is 1070 ℃ to 1090 ℃, and the set time is 3-5 hours.
The nickel-based alloy part is treated by adopting the solution heat treatment, so that the nickel-based alloy part can meet the welding condition of the electron beam welding method, and the nickel-based alloy part can be suitable for the electron beam welding method.
Further, the first step further comprises: and (4) performing cleaning adjustment operation before welding on the nickel-based alloy part subjected to air cooling, wherein the cleaned part is welded within 24h, and is cleaned again after time out. Wherein, the joints of the welding line are tightly jointed and aligned, the fit clearance is not more than 0.05mm, the part joints are generally designed to be in interference fit, the interference magnitude is 0.02 mm-0.06 mm, the surface roughness Ra of the joint fit part is not more than 1.6 μm, and the dislocation is not more than 0.1 mm.
The second step in this embodiment includes:
fixing the nickel-based alloy part prepared in the step one to a welding fixture;
vacuumizing the nickel-based alloy part to enable the vacuum pressure to reach a set value;
and (4) performing positioning welding on the nickel-based alloy part in the vacuum environment, and welding the nickel-based alloy part by adopting an electron beam welding method after the welding is finished.
It should be noted that when the nickel-based alloy part is fixed on the welding fixture, the surface of the welding position of the nickel-based alloy part is ensured to be vertical to the axis of the electron beam, so that the problem that the nickel-based alloy part is offset and is not fused locally is prevented. When the nickel-based alloy part is vacuumized, the vacuum pressure is 5 multiplied by 10 < -2 > Pa. When the welding seam is positioned and welded, the welding spots are symmetrical and uniformly distributed and have enough strength.
Further, the welding parameters of the electron beam welding method in the step two are as follows: the accelerating voltage is 150KV, and the welding speed is 20 mm/s-40 mm/s; the electron beam current is 50 mA-80 mA, and the focusing current is 1900 mA-2200 mA. Scanning parameters of the electron beam welding method in the second step are as follows: the scanning waveform of the electron beam welding method is circular wave, the amplitude is 1.2 mm-0.6 mm, and the frequency is 550 Hz-650 Hz.
The welding parameters adopted by the embodiment of the invention are as follows: the accelerating voltage is 150KV, and the welding speed is 35 mm/s; electron beam current 55mA, focusing current 2100 mA; the electron beam scanning parameters were: the scanning waveform is a circular wave, the amplitude is 0.8mm, and the frequency is 600 Hz.
By adopting the welding parameters to carry out electron beam welding, the electron beam welding operation of the nickel-based alloy part can be realized, and the defect that the nickel-based alloy part cannot be welded in the prior art is overcome.
The third step is specifically as follows: and (3) carrying out postweld inspection on the nickel-based alloy part welded in the step two by adopting an X-ray inspection method and/or a fluorescent inspection method so that the quality of the welding line meets the requirements of class I welding lines of HB 7608.
The above-mentioned inspection method should also include original inspection methods such as visual inspection, and all operations that can be performed after welding should be within the scope of protection of the present application.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fourth step is specifically: and (3) keeping the temperature of the nickel-based alloy part subjected to post-welding inspection at 750-770 ℃ for 15.5-16.5 hours, and then carrying out air cooling operation on the nickel-based alloy part.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the step four specifically is:
step 4.1, preserving the heat of the nickel-based alloy part subjected to post-welding inspection for 3.5 to 4.5 hours at the temperature of 1070 to 1090 ℃, and then carrying out air cooling operation on the nickel-based alloy part;
and 4.2, preserving the heat of the nickel-based alloy part in the step 4.1 for 15.5 to 16.5 hours at the temperature of 750 to 770 ℃, and then carrying out air cooling operation on the nickel-based alloy part.
The two embodiments are used for carrying out aging treatment or solution heat treatment and aging heat treatment on the nickel-based alloy part, the two embodiments are suitable for different working condition requirements, and the two embodiments can be selected according to specific requirements during specific operation.
In the embodiment, the solid solution heat treatment system is to keep the temperature at 1080 ℃ for 4 hours and cool the steel in air; the aging heat treatment system is that the temperature is kept for 16 hours at 760 ℃ and air cooling is carried out.
By the embodiment of the invention, the tensile strength of the welded joint in two states of post-welding aging and post-welding solid solution + aging at room temperature and high temperature of 800 ℃ is higher than that of the parent metal by 90 percent. When the aging treatment is carried out after welding, the high-temperature endurance life at 750 ℃ is 42 percent of that of the base material, and when the solid solution and aging treatment are carried out after welding, the high-temperature endurance life at 750 ℃ is slightly longer than that of the base material. The low-cycle fatigue life of 750 ℃ after-welding aging treatment is slightly shorter than that of a solid solution and aging treatment state after welding, and is 100 cycles less than that of a base material.
TABLE 1 tensile Properties
TABLE 2750 deg.C high temperature endurance
TABLE 3750 deg.C low cycle fatigue test
As shown in tables 1 to 3, the retention of tensile strength by the aging treatment after welding is higher than that by the solid solution + aging treatment after welding, but the endurance life and the low cycle fatigue life are lower. The aging treatment or the solid solution and the aging treatment can be selected after welding according to different design requirements on tensile strength and endurance life.
Preferably, X-ray and/or fluoroscopic inspection may be performed again after the aging treatment is completed to confirm the quality of the weld.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: the welding method can realize electron beam welding of GH4586 alloy, the front width of the welding line, the back width and the back excess height can meet the design requirements, and the welding line quality meets the requirements of HB 7608 class I welding lines.
The above description is only exemplary of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, so that the invention is intended to cover all modifications and equivalents of the embodiments described herein. In addition, the technical features, the technical schemes and the technical schemes can be freely combined and used.
Claims (10)
1. An electron beam welding method for nickel-based alloy parts, comprising:
firstly, performing pre-welding preparation operation on a nickel-based alloy part to be welded;
welding the nickel-based alloy part prepared in the step one by adopting an electron beam welding method;
step three, carrying out post-welding inspection on the nickel-based alloy part welded in the step two;
and fourthly, carrying out postweld heat treatment operation on the nickel-based alloy part subjected to postweld inspection.
2. The method of electron beam welding nickel-base alloy parts according to claim 1, wherein step one comprises: and preserving the heat of the nickel-based alloy part at the set temperature for a set hour, and then air-cooling the nickel-based alloy part.
3. The method of electron beam welding nickel-base alloy parts according to claim 2, wherein the set temperature is 1070 ℃ to 1090 ℃, and the set time is 3 to 5 hours.
4. The method of electron beam welding nickel-base alloy parts according to claim 2, wherein step one further comprises: and cleaning the nickel-based alloy part subjected to air cooling before welding.
5. The method of electron beam welding of nickel-base alloy parts of claim 1, wherein step two comprises:
fixing the nickel-based alloy part prepared in the first step on a welding fixture;
vacuumizing the nickel-based alloy part to enable the vacuum pressure to reach a set value;
and carrying out positioning welding on the nickel-based alloy part in a vacuum environment, and welding the nickel-based alloy part by adopting an electron beam welding method after the welding is finished.
6. The electron beam welding method of nickel-base alloy parts according to claim 5, wherein the welding parameters of the electron beam welding method in the second step are: the accelerating voltage is 150KV, and the welding speed is 20 mm/s-40 mm/s; the electron beam current is 50 mA-80 mA, and the focusing current is 1900 mA-2200 mA.
7. The electron beam welding method of nickel-base alloy parts according to claim 6, wherein the scanning parameters of the electron beam welding method in the second step are: the scanning waveform of the electron beam welding method is circular wave, the amplitude is 1.2 mm-0.6 mm, and the frequency is 550 Hz-650 Hz.
8. The electron beam welding method of nickel-base alloy parts according to claim 1, wherein the third step is specifically: and D, carrying out postweld inspection on the nickel-based alloy part welded in the step two by adopting an X-ray inspection method and a fluorescence inspection method.
9. The electron beam welding method of nickel-base alloy parts according to claim 1, wherein the fourth step is specifically: and (3) keeping the temperature of the nickel-based alloy part subjected to post-welding inspection at 750-770 ℃ for 15.5-16.5 hours, and then carrying out air cooling operation on the nickel-based alloy part.
10. The electron beam welding method of nickel-base alloy parts according to claim 1, wherein the fourth step is specifically:
step 4.1, preserving the heat of the nickel-based alloy part subjected to post-welding inspection for 3.5 to 4.5 hours at 1070 to 1090 ℃, and then carrying out air cooling operation on the nickel-based alloy part;
and 4.2, preserving the temperature of the nickel-based alloy part in the step 4.1 for 15.5 to 16.5 hours at the temperature of 750 to 770 ℃, and then carrying out air cooling operation on the nickel-based alloy part.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111223600.0A CN114029600A (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2021-10-20 | Electron beam welding method for nickel-based alloy parts |
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| CN202111223600.0A CN114029600A (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2021-10-20 | Electron beam welding method for nickel-based alloy parts |
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070283560A1 (en) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-12-13 | United Technologies Corporation | Enhanced weldability for high strength cast and wrought nickel superalloys |
| US20130255843A1 (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2013-10-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) | Precipitation-strengthened ni-based heat-resistant alloy and method for producing the same |
| CN104232876A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2014-12-24 | 阿尔斯通技术有限公司 | Method for post-weld heat treatment of welded components made of gamma prime strengthened superalloys |
| CN112063943A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Control method for precipitation strengthening type nickel-based alloy electron beam welding postweld heat treatment strain-aging crack |
| CN112719555A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-30 | 兰州长征机械有限公司 | Electron beam welding method for nickel-based alloy tube box of air cooler |
-
2021
- 2021-10-20 CN CN202111223600.0A patent/CN114029600A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070283560A1 (en) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-12-13 | United Technologies Corporation | Enhanced weldability for high strength cast and wrought nickel superalloys |
| US20130255843A1 (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2013-10-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) | Precipitation-strengthened ni-based heat-resistant alloy and method for producing the same |
| CN104232876A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2014-12-24 | 阿尔斯通技术有限公司 | Method for post-weld heat treatment of welded components made of gamma prime strengthened superalloys |
| CN112063943A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Control method for precipitation strengthening type nickel-based alloy electron beam welding postweld heat treatment strain-aging crack |
| CN112719555A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-30 | 兰州长征机械有限公司 | Electron beam welding method for nickel-based alloy tube box of air cooler |
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| Title |
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| 朱冬妹等: "大厚度K4169高温合金电子束焊接工艺", 《焊接技术》 * |
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Application publication date: 20220211 |