CN114029461B - Preparation facilities of high magnetic induction soft magnetic material amorphous ultra-thin area - Google Patents

Preparation facilities of high magnetic induction soft magnetic material amorphous ultra-thin area Download PDF

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CN114029461B
CN114029461B CN202111190233.9A CN202111190233A CN114029461B CN 114029461 B CN114029461 B CN 114029461B CN 202111190233 A CN202111190233 A CN 202111190233A CN 114029461 B CN114029461 B CN 114029461B
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smelting
strip
alloy
chamber
cooling roller
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CN114029461A (en
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宋成相
江沐风
贾义勇
秦飞
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Longfeng New Materials Heze Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0611Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C33/00Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/003Making ferrous alloys making amorphous alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C33/00Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C45/00Amorphous alloys
    • C22C45/02Amorphous alloys with iron as the major constituent
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/14Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/147Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/153Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals
    • H01F1/15341Preparation processes therefor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/14Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/147Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/153Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals
    • H01F1/15391Elongated structures, e.g. wires
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation device of a high magnetic induction soft magnetic material amorphous ultra-thin strip, which comprises a smelting chamber and a rapid quenching chamber, wherein the smelting chamber is used for smelting an alloy material, the rapid quenching chamber is positioned below the smelting chamber, an alloy strip rapid quenching cooling roller is arranged in the rapid quenching chamber, a conveying roller way is arranged beside the rapid quenching cooling roller and used for conveying the solidified alloy strip out of the rapid quenching chamber, the smelting chamber comprises a smelting crucible, a pouring system is arranged below the smelting crucible, and the pouring system comprises a liquid storage tank, a pouring gate and a pouring gate. And a quick quenching cooling roller is arranged in the quick quenching chamber, and the quick quenching cooling roller realizes high-speed rotation through a motor. And a conveying system is arranged beside the rapid quenching cooling roller. The transport system delivers the ultra-thin strip to a collection zone. The invention can realize separate feeding, sequential smelting, pouring and conveying. The near-continuous production of the amorphous soft magnetic alloy material is realized, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Preparation facilities of high magnetic induction soft magnetic material amorphous ultra-thin area
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new materials, in particular to a device for preparing an amorphous ultrathin strip of high-magnetic-induction soft magnetic material.
Background
The nano crystal soft magnetic alloy is a new type soft magnetic material developed on the basis of amorphous alloy, and is formed from amorphous matrix and body-centered cubic structure nano crystal whose size is 10-15nm and distributed on the matrix. The performance of the material has the advantages of high saturation magnetic induction intensity of the traditional crystalline state soft magnetic material and low coercive force, high magnetic conductivity, low loss and the like of the amorphous state soft magnetic material, can meet the requirements of various electrical equipment on development towards high efficiency, energy conservation and integration, has simple preparation process and low cost, and is a novel green energy-saving material which is mainly supported and developed.
The FINEMET alloy has excellent comprehensive soft magnetic properties such as high permeability, low loss and the like, can be prepared under the non-vacuum condition, and is put into industrial application after being developed. But better overall performance of Fe 73.5 Cu 1 Nb 3 Si 13.5 B 9 The saturation induction of the alloy under the optimal annealing condition is only 1.24T, compared with the high saturation induction soft magnetic material, the alloy requires more materials and has large volume under the same working condition,the use scale is limited to a certain extent; the NANOPERM alloy has high saturation magnetic induction and relatively excellent comprehensive soft magnetic performance, and has high production cost due to the fact that the NANOPERM alloy contains noble metal elements such as Zr and the like which are easy to oxidize, so that the NANOPERM alloy cannot be widely applied all the time; the HIPPERM alloy is characterized by high Curie temperature and is suitable for use in high temperature environment, but the soft magnetic property of the HIPPERM alloy is inferior to that of FINEMET alloy and NANOPERM alloy. In addition, the series of alloys also need to be prepared in a vacuum environment, and the series of alloys are not applied on a large scale.
Therefore, the development of a novel soft magnetic material with excellent soft magnetic properties such as high saturation magnetic induction, low loss and the like, simple preparation process and low raw material cost is a hotspot and development direction of the current research and development of nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys. Through the measures of improvement of preparation technology, optimization of alloying element proportion, special heat treatment process and the like, domestic and foreign researchers successively prepare FeSiBCu, FeNbBCu, FeNiB and other nanocrystalline magnetically soft alloys, the saturation magnetic induction intensity of which reaches 1.75-1.9T and is close to that of oriented silicon steel. Compared with the traditional soft magnetic materials, the alloys have obvious advantages in a plurality of applications, but still have a plurality of problems, for example, in the preparation process, the amorphous strip is usually prepared by adopting a single-roller melt-spun rapid cooling mode, such as those mentioned in patents CN202010100414.7, CN201810341629.0, 201710649674.8, and the like, but the single-roller melt-spun device used at present is often more traditional, is difficult to realize high-speed continuous and high-yield production, and cannot meet the requirements of modern industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a device for preparing an amorphous ultrathin strip of high-magnetic-induction soft magnetic material.
The complete technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
the utility model provides a preparation facilities of high magnetic induction soft magnetic material amorphous ultra-thin area, preparation facilities includes smelting chamber and rapid quenching room, the smelting chamber is smelted alloy material, the rapid quenching room is located smelting chamber below, and the rapid quenching room is equipped with alloy strip rapid quenching cooling roller, and the other rollgang that is equipped with of rapid quenching cooling roller carries out the rapid quenching room with the alloy strip that solidifies.
Preferably, the smelting chamber comprises a smelting crucible.
Preferably, a pouring system is arranged below the smelting crucible.
Preferably, the gating system comprises a liquid storage tank, a pouring gate and a pouring gate.
Preferably, a rapid quenching cooling roller is arranged in the rapid quenching chamber, and the rapid quenching cooling roller rotates at a high speed through a motor.
Preferably, a conveying system is arranged beside the rapid quenching cooling roller.
Preferably, the front end of the conveying system is provided with a material returning stop block.
Preferably, the transport system delivers the ultra-thin strip to a collection zone.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the arrangement of the plurality of tilting type smelting crucibles can realize separate feeding, sequential smelting and pouring, realize the near-continuous production of the nanocrystalline magnetically soft alloy material and improve the production efficiency.
2. The vertical section design of the pouring gate increases the static pressure when the alloy liquid enters the pouring gate, so that the whole cavity is filled, the injection speed is improved, and the condition that the strip is discontinuous is avoided.
3. The rapid quenching cooling roller can realize positive and negative rotation, and the left side and the right side of the rapid quenching cooling roller are respectively provided with a conveying roller way for conveying solidified alloy strips, so that the whole production process is basically and continuously finished, and the productivity is obviously improved.
4. And a conveying plate with a smooth surface is laid above the roller way, so that the surface of the strip is prevented from being scratched, and the surface quality of the product is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an apparatus used in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a field view of a chill roll used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a control system interface diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the present application.
The invention discloses a preparation device of a high magnetic induction soft magnetic material amorphous ultra-thin strip, which comprises a smelting chamber 1 and a rapid quenching chamber 2, wherein a tilting smelting crucible 3 is arranged in the smelting chamber 1, the crucible can be tilted by rotating a tilting arm 4 connected with the tilting smelting crucible, especially, a plurality of tilting smelting crucibles 3 are arranged symmetrically left and right, or 3 or 4 tilting smelting crucibles can be arranged according to the inner space of the smelting chamber and are respectively and independently connected with a feeding system, and the design mode is to realize the near-continuous production of nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloy materials and improve the production efficiency.
The corresponding liquid storage tanks 5 are arranged below the tilting smelting crucibles 3 and are connected with the pouring gates 7 through pouring channels 6, the alloy strip rapid quenching cooling rollers 8 are arranged below the pouring gates 7, as shown in figure 2, the cross sections of the positions, below the pouring gates 7, of the pouring gates 7 are designed to be flat duckbilled, so that the contact area and the cooling speed of the pouring gates are improved, the width of the pouring gates is smaller than the width of the rapid quenching cooling rollers below, the longitudinal sections of the pouring gates 7 are funnel-shaped with wide top and narrow bottom, and therefore when alloy liquid enters the pouring gates, the static pressure at the positions of the pouring gates is increased, the alloy liquid near the spraying gates is filled in the whole cavity, meanwhile, the spraying speed is improved, and the situation of discontinuous strips is avoided.
The utility model discloses a fast quenching chill roll 8 is realized corotation or reversal through the motor, its left and right sides is equipped with the rollgang, an alloy strip for carry after solidifying, smooth delivery board 10 in surface has been laid to this rollgang top, the below is driven through bearing roller 11, in order to avoid fish tail strip surface, rollgang the place ahead is equipped with material returned dog 12 respectively, this material returned dog is scalable design, the rollgang carries the strip to the collecting region and carries out thermal treatment, the setting of this structure is the discovery in actual production, only deposit the strip in one side, because space problem, the strip that can deposit is limited, and production efficiency is influenced. Therefore, the rapid quenching cooling roller 8 capable of rotating forwards and reversely is designed, the conveying roller ways are arranged on the two sides, when a furnace of alloy liquid is poured onto the cooling roller to be solidified, the furnace of alloy liquid is conveyed to the collecting area through the conveying roller on one side, and the furnace of alloy liquid is produced. And pouring another furnace alloy, and immediately reversing a motor to send out the alloy strip of the next furnace through a conveying roller on the other side. Meanwhile, the smelting crucible at the top can alternately complete the processes of feeding, smelting, heat preservation and pouring, so that the whole production process is basically and continuously completed, and the productivity is obviously improved.
The specific process for preparing the amorphous ultrathin strip by using the device of the invention is described as follows:
(1) preparing a master alloy ingot: the amorphous strip alloy comprises the following components in atomic ratio: 3.7%, B: 6.8%, Nb: 2.8%, Cu: 1.1%, Y: 6.2 percent and the balance of Fe. The method is based on FINEMET alloy, researches on the influence of composite doping elements such as ferromagnetic elements Fe, Cu, Nb and the like on alloy nano-phase composition and exchange coupling effect thereof, provides a high saturation magnetic induction nanocrystalline alloy composition design principle based on magnetic valence electron theory calculation and analysis, simultaneously combines the actual smelting temperature control and cooling process practice in the field, performs micro-adjustment on the composition, and simultaneously increases yttrium element capable of improving crystallization temperature. The Fe content is improved, and meanwhile, the growth of crystal grains is inhibited by designing a proper Nb and Cu element proportion, so that uniform and obviously refined crystal grains are obtained, and the magnetic conductivity of the nanocrystalline material is increased; the coercivity and the loss are reduced.
Weighing the components according to the proportion, putting the prepared Fe, Nb and Y elements into a medium-frequency induction furnace for smelting, adding the other elements after smelting, continuing to smelt, keeping the temperature for 30 minutes, cooling to obtain a master alloy ingot, and crushing the alloy ingot to be used as a raw material for preparing a subsequent strip.
(2) And respectively feeding the crushed master alloy materials into a crucible through a feeding system for smelting.
(3) After smelting, starting a motor to enable the quick quenching cooling roller to rotate at a high speed, and simultaneously enabling the material returning stop dog on the other side to be retracted; and the tilting arm is rotated to tilt the alloy liquid in the liquid storage tank, the alloy liquid is sprayed to the surface of the rapid quenching cooling roller through a pouring channel by a nozzle, an amorphous strip is formed by rapid and extremely cooling, and the amorphous strip enters a conveying roller way through a material returning stop block and is conveyed to a collecting region.
(4) After the alloy liquid is poured, quickly returning the crucible to the right position, and feeding new master alloy materials into a feeding system for smelting; and simultaneously, the motor rotates reversely to enable the rapid quenching cooling roller to rotate at a high speed in the opposite direction, the material returning stop dog on one side retracts, the material returning stop dog on the other side extends, the tilting arm is rotated to dump another furnace alloy liquid into the liquid storage tank, the process is repeated, and the amorphous strip is conveyed out from the conveying roller way on the other side. The above process is repeated in sequence.
(5) And grabbing and shearing the amorphous strip reaching the collecting region, then carrying out isothermal heat treatment, carrying out heat preservation for 10-50 minutes at the temperature of 400-500 ℃ under the vacuum condition, taking out, and then carrying out water quenching or air cooling to obtain the annealed nanocrystalline magnetically soft alloy strip.
Particularly, in order to meet the requirements of strips with different widths and thicknesses, the rotating speed of the rapid quenching cooling roller in the step (2) is controlled to be three gears of low speed, medium speed and high speed through a control system, as shown in fig. 3, the speed of each gear can be finely adjusted up and down, specifically, the speed range of the low gear is 340-360 rpm, the speed range of the medium gear is 400-420 rpm, and the speed range of the high gear is 480-500 rpm. After a large number of long-term experiments, a set of rotating speed control method suitable for the alloy components and the sizes of the invention is found out, namely the rotating speed R approximately meets the following conditions
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
In the formula, R is the rotating speed in rpm, W is the strip width in mm, D is the strip thickness in μm, a is a coefficient in a range of 22-30, specifically, the value can be 24.2 for a wide strip and 28.3 for a narrow strip.
The feeding system, the inert gas protection system, the cooling system, the heat treatment system and the like can adopt mature processes in the prior art, and are not described in detail herein.
The project develops and produces the novel iron-based nanocrystalline alloy with high saturation magnetic induction and low loss, wherein the saturation magnetic induction Bs is more than or equal to 1.75T, and the power frequency loss P1.5T/50Hz is less than or equal to 0.3W/kg; the width of a process window is 60-80 mm, the thickness of a prepared strip is 15-25 mu m, the toughness is good, the strip can be cut by a roller, the high-performance nanocrystalline alloy is applied to the manufacturing of a stator iron core, the loss of the iron core of the motor is reduced by 70-90% compared with the traditional silicon steel iron core, the overall efficiency is improved by 5-10% compared with the same silicon steel motor, and the nanocrystalline alloy has wide application prospects in the high and new technical fields of wireless charging, new energy automobiles and the like. The national use amount of the amorphous nanocrystalline magnetically soft alloy material in 2019 is 12.5 ten thousand tons, and the market demand of the nanocrystalline ultrathin strip is 3500 plus 500 tons. The nanocrystalline high-efficiency motor which is researched, developed, popularized and applied at present drives the market of amorphous nanocrystalline strips for hundreds of billions of yuan, so that the nanocrystalline high-efficiency motor has important economic value and social significance.
The above applications are only some embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept herein, and it is intended to cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (1)

1. The preparation method of the amorphous ultrathin strip of the high magnetic induction soft magnetic material is characterized in that an adopted preparation device of the amorphous ultrathin strip of the high magnetic induction soft magnetic material comprises a smelting chamber and a quick quenching chamber, wherein the smelting chamber is used for smelting an alloy material, the quick quenching chamber is positioned below the smelting chamber, the quick quenching chamber is provided with an alloy strip quick quenching cooling roller, a conveying roller way is arranged beside the quick quenching cooling roller, and the solidified alloy strip is conveyed out of the quick quenching chamber;
the melting chamber comprises a plurality of tilting melting crucibles which are arranged symmetrically left and right and are respectively and independently connected with the feeding system;
a pouring system is arranged below the smelting crucible; the pouring system comprises a liquid storage tank, pouring gates and pouring gates, the corresponding liquid storage tanks are arranged below all the tilting smelting crucibles, the pouring gates below the pouring gates are connected through the pouring gates, alloy strip rapid quenching cooling rollers are arranged below the pouring gates, the cross sections of the positions, below the pouring gates, of the spraying gates are designed to be flat duckbilled, the width of each duckbilled section is smaller than that of each rapid quenching cooling roller below the corresponding duckbilled section, and the longitudinal sections of the pouring gates are funnel-shaped, wherein the upper parts of the funnels are wide and the lower parts of the funnels are narrow;
the rapid quenching chamber is internally provided with a rapid quenching cooling roller, the rapid quenching cooling roller realizes high-speed rotation through a motor, the rotating speed of the rapid quenching cooling roller is controlled to be the speed of each gear of low speed, medium speed and high speed through a control system, and the speed can be finely adjusted up and down, specifically, the speed range of the low gear is 340-360 rpm, the speed range of the medium gear is 400-420 rpm, and the speed range of the high gear is 480-500 rpm;
the rapid quenching cooling roller left and right sides is equipped with the rollgang for carry the alloy strip after solidifying, the smooth delivery board in surface has been laid to this roll table top, and the bearing roller drive is passed through to the below, and rollgang the place ahead is equipped with the material returned dog respectively, and this material returned dog is scalable design, and the rollgang carries the strip to the collecting region and carries out thermal treatment, and concrete step includes:
(1) preparing a master alloy ingot, and respectively feeding the crushed master alloy material into a crucible through a feeding system for smelting;
(2) after smelting, starting a motor to enable the quick quenching cooling roller to rotate at a high speed, and simultaneously enabling the material returning stop dog on the other side to be retracted; the tilting arm is rotated to tilt the alloy liquid in the liquid storage tank, the alloy liquid is sprayed to the surface of the rapid quenching cooling roller through a pouring channel from a nozzle, the alloy liquid is rapidly and extremely cooled to form an amorphous strip, and the amorphous strip enters a conveying roller way through a material returning stop block and is conveyed to a collecting area; the rotating speed R of the rapid quenching cooling roller meets the following conditions:
Figure 444119DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein R is the rotating speed in rpm, W is the width of the strip in mm, D is the thickness of the strip in mum, a is a coefficient, and the value range is 22-30;
(3) after the alloy liquid is poured, quickly returning the crucible to the right position, and feeding new master alloy materials into a feeding system for smelting; simultaneously, the motor rotates reversely to enable the rapid quenching cooling roller to rotate at a high speed in the reverse direction, the material returning stop dog on one side retracts, the material returning stop dog on the other side extends, the tilting arm is rotated to dump another furnace alloy liquid into the liquid storage tank, the process is repeated, and the amorphous strip is conveyed out from the conveying roller way on the other side; repeating the above processes in sequence;
(4) and grabbing and shearing the amorphous strip reaching the collecting region, then carrying out isothermal heat treatment, carrying out heat preservation for 10-50 minutes at the temperature of 400-500 ℃ under the vacuum condition, taking out and carrying out water quenching or air cooling.
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JPH0819834A (en) * 1994-07-01 1996-01-23 Kawasaki Steel Corp Apparatus for producing quenched thin metal strip

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