CN1140249A - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1140249A
CN1140249A CN95109494A CN95109494A CN1140249A CN 1140249 A CN1140249 A CN 1140249A CN 95109494 A CN95109494 A CN 95109494A CN 95109494 A CN95109494 A CN 95109494A CN 1140249 A CN1140249 A CN 1140249A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat converter
indoor
air conditioner
temperature
outdoor
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Pending
Application number
CN95109494A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杉山明彦
若月仁
植田公司
芦川秀法
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Toshiba Corp
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Toshiba Corp
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Publication of CN1140249A publication Critical patent/CN1140249A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • F24F11/42—Defrosting; Preventing freezing of outdoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
    • F24F2140/20—Heat-exchange fluid temperature

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is an air conditioner to make the size of an outdoor unit smaller, and prevent a decline in heating capacity of an air conditioner without spoiling the effect of a reduction in the number of connecting wirings between indoor and outdoor units even if the air conditioner is such a type that a compressor is installed in the indoor unit, by a method wherein defrosting of an outdoor heat exchanger can be performed without providing an exclusive signal line between the indoor and outdoor units to detect frosting. An indoor unit is provided with a compressor and a four- way valve in addition to an indoor heat exchanger and an indoor fan. An outdoor unit is equipped with a capillary tube in addition to an outdoor heat exchanger and an outdoor fan. Frosting of the outdoor unit is detected from operating conditions of a refrigerating cycle in the indoor unit. When frosting is detected, defrosting operation for the outdoor heat exchanger is carried out.

Description

Air conditioner
The present invention relates to have the air conditioner that indoor unit and outdoor unit, indoor unit possess compressor.
Air conditioner connects and composes freeze cycle successively by compressor, cross valve, outdoor heat converter, expansion mechanism, indoor heat converter, the refrigerant that compressor is discharged circulates by outdoor heat converter, expansion mechanism, indoor heat converter from cross valve, carry out refrigerating operaton with this, or the refrigerant of compressor discharge is circulated by indoor heat converter, expansion mechanism, outdoor heat converter from cross valve, carry out heating operation with this.
Usually compressor and cross valve are located at outdoor unit with outdoor heat converter, expansion mechanism, outdoor draft fan, and indoor unit operated by rotary motion indoor heat converter and indoor blower.
Develop recently that compressor and cross valve are not arranged at outdoor unit and the air conditioner of being located at indoor unit, and just in practicability.Under the situation of this air conditioner, because compressor and compressor drive circuit disappear from outdoor unit, simultaneously, there is the electric component of said function can being made of one, thereby under indoor unit does not become big situation, can obtains the benefit of outdoor unit miniaturization in indoor and outdoor.And indoor unit can reduce the number of the connecting line (holding wire) that leads to compressor drive circuit.
In case carry out heating operation, the slowly frosting of surface of the outdoor heat converter that works as evaporimeter is gone down like this, and the heat exchange amount of outdoor heat converter reduces, heating capacity will descend.
Therefore, mounting temperature sensor etc. on outdoor heat converter, the frosting situation of sensing chamber's outer heat-exchanger can be controlled outdoor heat converter when detecting frosting and makes it carry out Defrost operation.
But, be located at compressor and cross valve under the situation of air conditioner of indoor unit, only be located at indoor unit by moving control part, seek the outdoor unit miniaturization, but outdoor unit has been increased at the control part that outdoor unit is provided with temperature sensor.
Again, be not provided with at outdoor unit under the situation of temperature sensor control part, the holding wire of temperature sensor will be set between indoor unit and outdoor unit, the benefit of not at all easy minimizing tie line that obtains has been subjected to loss.
The present invention is the invention of having considered the problems referred to above, its purpose is, even compressor is located under the situation of air conditioner of indoor unit, also can make outdoor unit miniaturization more, simultaneously outdoor heat converter can be defrosted not being provided with between indoor unit and the outdoor unit under the condition that detects the dedicated signal lines that frosting uses, keep the effect that can reduce tie line between indoor unit and the outdoor unit with this, can prevent the decline of heating capacity simultaneously.
The air conditioner of the 1st invention, its structure has the freeze cycle that compressor, cross valve, outdoor heat converter, expansion mechanism, indoor heat converter connect successively, indoor heat exchanger and indoor blower are arranged in indoor unit, also have above-mentioned compressor and cross valve simultaneously, have outdoor heat converter and outdoor draft fan in the outdoor unit, have expansion mechanism simultaneously, also possess according to the freeze cycle state in the indoor unit, detect the situation of outdoor heat converter frosting and this outdoor heat converter is carried out the control device of Defrost operation.
The air conditioner of the 2nd invention is based on the described air conditioner of first invention, it is characterized in that the expansion mechanism capillary, be used for being connected with this capillary paralleling to the two-way valve of this capillary shunting, when Defrost operation, control device is opened above-mentioned two-way valve, stops outdoor draft fan simultaneously.
The air conditioner of the 3rd invention is characterized in that based on the described air conditioner of the 1st invention, and control device detects the temperature T in indoor heat converter centre position after the operation beginning stipulated time cAnd room temperature T a, ask the two temperature difference T that record temperature, progressively upgrade, store the maximum Δ T of this temperature difference Δ T Max, while maximizing Δ T MaxWith the poor D of temperature difference Δ T, when this temperature difference D surpasses setting D sThe time begin Defrost operation.
The air conditioner of the 4th invention is based on the described air conditioner of the 3rd invention, it is characterized in that the temperature difference Δ T that control device is tried to achieve according to the capacity correction of the air quantity of indoor blower and compressor.
The air conditioner of the 5th invention is based on the described air conditioner of the 3rd or the 4th invention, it is characterized in that control device detects the temperature T in indoor heat converter centre position in the Defrost operation process c, upgrade, store this detected temperature T gradually cMinimum of a value T Cmin, ask this minimum of a value T simultaneously CminWith the temperature T that records cPoor Δ T c, at this temperature difference Δ T cSurpass setting Δ T C0In time, stop to defrost.
The air conditioner of the 6th invention is based on the described air conditioner of the 1st invention, it is characterized in that, control device detects the refrigerant temperature T that compressor is discharged after the operation beginning stipulated time d, progressively upgrade, store the temperature T that this records dMaximum of T Dmax, ask this maximum of T simultaneously DmaxWith detected temperatures T dPoor D, surpass setting D at this temperature difference D sThe time begin Defrost operation.
The air conditioner of the 7th invention is based on the described air conditioner of the 6th invention, it is characterized in that the refrigerant temperature T that compressor is discharged when detecting Defrost operation d, progressively upgrade, store this detected temperatures T dMinimum of a value T Dmin, obtain this minimum of a value T simultaneously Dmin, with detected temperatures T dPoor Δ T d, at this temperature difference Δ T dSurpass setting Δ T D0The time stop Defrost operation.
The air conditioner of the 8th invention is according to the described air conditioner of the 1st invention, it is characterized in that, control device detects the temperature T of the refrigerant of compressor suction after the operation beginning stipulated time s, upgrade, store this detected temperatures T gradually sMaximum of T Smax, ask this maximum of T simultaneously SmaxWith detected temperatures T sDifference D, surpass setting D at this temperature difference D sThe time begin Defrost operation.
The air conditioner of the 9th invention is according to the described air conditioner of the 8th invention, it is characterized in that control device detects the temperature T of the refrigerant of compressor suction in Defrost operation s, at this detected temperatures T sSurpass setting T S0The time stop Defrost operation.
The air conditioner of the 10th invention is according to the described air conditioner of arbitrary invention in the 1st to the 9th invention, it is characterized in that, cross valve is to utilize the polarity that changes the voltage that applies to switch the Direct Action Type cross valve of stream.
The air conditioner of the 1st invention can be carried out Defrost operation according to the frosting situation of the freeze cycle state-detection outdoor heat converter in the indoor unit to outdoor heat converter when detecting frosting.
The air conditioner of the 2nd invention when detecting frosting, can be implemented Defrost operation according to the frosting situation of the freeze cycle state-detection outdoor heat converter in the indoor unit to outdoor heat converter.When Defrost operation, two-way valve is opened, and is shunted as the capillary of expansion mechanism, and simultaneously, outdoor draft fan is out-of-blast.
The air conditioner of the 3rd invention detects the temperature T in the centre position of indoor heat converter after the operation beginning stipulated time cAnd room temperature T a, ask the difference Δ T of two detected temperatures, upgrade, store the maximum Δ T of this temperature difference Δ T gradually Max, ask this maximum Δ T+ simultaneously MaxWith the difference D of temperature difference Δ T, surpass setting D at this temperature difference D sThe time outdoor heat converter begun Defrost operation.
The air conditioner of the 4th invention is in the 3rd invention, according to the air quantity of indoor blower and the ability of compressor the temperature difference Δ T that tries to achieve is revised.
The air conditioner of the 5th invention is in the 3rd or the 4th invention, detects the temperature T in the centre position of indoor heat converter in the Defrost operation c, upgrade, store this detected temperatures T gradually cMinimum of a value T Cmin, ask this minimum of a value T simultaneously CminWith detected temperatures T cDifference Δ T c, at this temperature difference Δ T cSurpass setting Δ T C0The time stop Defrost operation.
The air conditioner of the 6th invention detects the temperature T of the refrigerant of compressor discharge behind operation beginning official hour d, upgrade, store this detected temperatures T gradually dMaximum of T Dmax, ask this maximum of T simultaneously DmaxWith detected temperatures T dPoor D, surpass setting D at this temperature difference D sThe time, outdoor heat converter is begun Defrost operation.
The air conditioner of the 7th invention is the temperature T of the refrigerant that compressor is discharged when detecting Defrost operation in the 6th invention d, upgrade, store this detected temperatures T gradually dMinimum of a value T Dmin, ask this minimum of a value T simultaneously DminWith detected temperatures T dDifference Δ T d, at this temperature difference T dSurpass setting Δ T D0The time stop Defrost operation.
The air conditioner of the 8th invention detects the temperature T of the refrigerant of compressor suction behind operation beginning official hour s, upgrade, store this detected temperatures T gradually sMaximum of T Smax, ask this maximum of T simultaneously SmaxWith detected temperatures T sDifference D, surpass setting D at this temperature difference D sThe time outdoor heat converter begun Defrost operation.
The air conditioner of the 9th invention is in the described air conditioner of the 8th invention, the temperature T of the refrigerant that compressor sucks when detecting Defrost operation s, at this detected temperatures T sSurpass setting T S0The time stop Defrost operation.
The air conditioner of the 10th invention is in the described air conditioner of arbitrary invention in the 1st to the 9th, utilizes to change the stream that the method for polarity of voltage that cross valve applies is switched this cross valve.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram that the control circuit of each embodiment of expression constitutes.
Fig. 2 represents the formation of the freeze cycle of each embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the profile of the concrete structure of the cross valve among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the time diagram that is used for the cross valve action of key diagram 3.
Fig. 5 is the time diagram that is used to illustrate the effect of the 1st embodiment when Defrost operation.
Fig. 6 is the flow chart that is used to illustrate the effect of the 1st embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the time diagram that is used to illustrate the variation of the effect of the 1st embodiment when Defrost operation.
Fig. 8 is the flow chart that is used to illustrate the effect of the 2nd embodiment.
Fig. 9 is the flow chart that is used to illustrate the effect of the 3rd embodiment.
With reference to the accompanying drawings the 1st embodiment of the present invention is illustrated:
As shown in Figure 2, an end of outdoor heat converter 5 is through cross valve 2, indoor combination valve 3 and outside combination valve 4, be connected on the outlet of ability compressor with variable 1 with pipe arrangement.And an end of indoor heat converter 11 is through expansion mechanism (for example capillary 6), outside combination valve 9 and indoor combination valve 10, be connected on the other end of outdoor heat converter 5 with pipe arrangement.Then, the other end of indoor heat converter 11 is through above-mentioned cross valve 2, be connected on the suction inlet of compressor 1 with pipe arrangement.So constitute the freeze cycle of heat-pump-type.
During refrigeration, shown in the solid line arrow, the refrigerant of discharging from compressor 1 flows through cross valve 2, outdoor heat converter 5, capillary 6, indoor heat converter 11, and the refrigerant of this indoor heat converter 11 of process is inhaled into compressor 1 by cross valve 2.Generally speaking, outdoor heat converter 5 works as evaporimeter as condenser, indoor heat converter 11.When being used to heat, by the stream of switching cross valve 2, shown in dotted arrow, the refrigerant of discharging from compressor 1 flows through cross valve 2, indoor heat converter 11, capillary 6, outdoor heat converter 5, and the refrigerant of this outdoor heat converter 5 of process is inhaled into compressor 1 by cross valve 2.In a word, indoor heat converter 11 is as condenser, and outdoor heat converter 5 works as evaporimeter.
Cross valve 2 is the members that switch the straight ejector half of stream with the polarity that changes the voltage that applies, and object lesson is seen Fig. 3.
That is, cross valve 2 by the main body 20 of hollow form, be located at 4 gas ports 21,22,23,24 of this main body 20, be located in the main body 20, be used between each gas port, forming the movable valve seat 25 of two system's streams, be linked to the plunger 27 of permanent-magnet type of this movable valve seat 25 and the solenoid coil of being located at around this plunger 27 28 by connecting rod 26 and constitute, by voltage V in addition on solenoid coil 28, movable valve seat 25 is moved, the stream of two systems between promptly changeable each gas port.
State shown in the figure is a stream by the inner space of movable valve seat 25, formation between gas port 22,23, by the outer space of movable valve seat 25, forms another stream between gas port 21,24.Stream between the gas port 22,23 is as the outlet that is communicated with compressor 1 and the high-pressure side stream of indoor combination valve 3.Stream between the gas port 21,24 is used as the low-pressure side stream of the suction inlet that is communicated with indoor heat converter 11 and compressor 1.Circulation when this is refrigeration.
Under this state, in case add just (+) polar impulse voltage V shown in Figure 4, movable valve seat 25 moves to the left side shown in the figure, between gas port 21,22, form stream, between gas port 23,24, form stream by movable valve seat 25 outer space by movable valve seat 25 inner spaces.At this moment, stream between the gas port 21,22 becomes the outlet of connection compressor 1 and the high-pressure side stream of indoor combination valve 3, stream between the gas port 23,24 becomes the low-pressure side stream of the suction inlet that is communicated with indoor heat converter 11 and compressor 1, the circulation when forming heating.Under this state, in case add negative (-) polar impulse voltage V shown in Figure 4, movable valve seat 25 is to right-hand the moving shown in the figure, the circulation when recovering above-mentioned refrigeration again.
On the other hand, two-way valve 7 and check valve 8 series connection backs are connected in parallel with pipe arrangement and capillary 6.Two-way valve 7 and check valve 8 are to be used for bypass flow through the refrigerant of capillary 6 when outdoor heat converter 5 is carried out Defrost operation.
In closely being close to of outdoor heat converter 5 outdoor draft fan 14 is set.This outdoor draft fan 14 makes outdoor air lead to outdoor heat converter 5 and circulates.In closely being close to of indoor heat converter 11 indoor blower 13 is set.This indoor blower 13 makes room air lead to indoor heat converter 11 and circulates.
On the roughly centre position of indoor heat converter 11, heat exchanger temperature (T is installed c) sensor 12.Refrigerant temperature (T is installed on the discharge side line of compressor 1 d) sensor 15.Refrigerant temperature (T is installed on the pipe arrangement of the suction side of compressor 1 s) sensor 16.
A is located at indoor indoor unit, and above-mentioned compressor 1, cross valve 2, indoor heat converter 11 and indoor blower 13 are set in this unit.B is located at outdoor outdoor unit, is provided with above-mentioned outdoor heat converter 5, capillary 6, two-way valve 7 and check valve 8 in this unit.
Control circuit is shown in Fig. 1.
The control part 35 of indoor unit A, fan shift circuit 40, translation circuit 50 and low voltage drive circuit 60 are connected on the civilian power supply 30.
Fan shift circuit 40 switches energising stepping (high wind shelves, weak wind shelves, gentle breeze shelves) between each grade speed of the motor 13M that feeds indoor blower 13.51 pairs of supply voltage rectifications of translation circuit 50 usefulness rectification circuits, with on-off circuit 52 with this rectification output modulated, be transformed into assigned frequency and level alternating voltage, exported.This output is made of three phase voltages switching by the afore mentioned rules frequency, and these phase voltages are added on each phase winding U, V, the W of air compressor motor 1M successively.
Air compressor motor 1M is the brushless DC motor that is made of rotor that permanent magnet is housed and the stator that three phase winding U, V, W are housed, and by phase winding U, V, W are applied voltage successively, makes the rotor rotation.Switch the voltage put on phase winding U, V, W and be called the change of current, the rotation of air compressor motor 1M is continued by the change of current repeatedly.
Drive circuit 53 is connected with this translation circuit 50 and air compressor motor 1M.Drive circuit 53 is controlled the voltage level that is added on U, V, each phase winding of W according to the ON time of regulating each switch element of (PWM modulation) on-off circuit 52 from the rotary speed instruction of control part 35 with this, thus the rotating speed of control air compressor motor 1M.
Again, drive circuit 53 is taken into the voltage of responding in the phase winding of non-power status among each phase winding U, V, the W of air compressor motor 1M, go out the position of rotation of the rotor of air compressor motor 1M according to this voltage detecting that is taken into, according to the switching time of each switch element of this position controlling switch circuit 52 that records, just control modulating frequency.By means of this modulating frequency of control, with corresponding to the optimal synchronisation of the rotating speed of air compressor motor 1M to each phase winding energising.
Low voltage drive circuit 60 is made of step-down transformer 61 and rectification circuit 62, and the dc low-voltage (less than 42 volts) that output drives outdoor draft fan 14 and two-way valve 7 usefulness comprises by just (+), bear the output that direct current supply line DCL that (-) two lines form is connected in this low voltage drive circuit 60.This direct current supply line PCL is configured to lead to outdoor unit B from indoor unit A.
Control part 35 carries computer, controls this air conditioner totally.On this control part 35, connecting cross valve 2, heat-exchanger temperature sensor 12, refrigerant temperature sensor 15,16, indoor temperature (T a) sensor 36, relay 31,32, light receiving component 33, fan shift circuit 40, and drive circuit 53.
Relay 32 is to be used to control the outdoor draft fan 14 of outdoor unit B and the driving voltage of two-way valve 7 are supplied, and has normal opened contact 32a, 32a.Pegging graft on this normal opened contact 32a, the 32a and leading to the direct current supply line DCL of outdoor unit B from indoor unit A.
On the direct current supply line DCL of indoor unit A, connecting control signal wire CL from the electric wire of the connection positive source of the dirty side of contact 32a, 32a, this control signal wire CL is plugged on the normal opened contact 31a of relay 31.And control signal wire CL is configured to lead to outdoor unit B from indoor unit A.
The IR that light accepting part 33 acceptance are sent from distance type operator (calling remote controller in the following text) 34.
On the other hand, in outdoor unit B, the movable terminal of amphicheirality's contact 70a is connected in the wiring of direct current supply line DCL positive pole.On the normally closed side fixed terminal of this amphicheirality's contact 70a, connecting the end of the air-supply of outdoor draft fan 14, often opening an end that is connecting two-way valve 7 on the side fixed terminal with motor 14M.And air-supply is connected in the negative pole wiring of direct current supply line DCL with the motor 14M and two-way valve 7 other end separately.
Again, at outdoor unit B, connecting an end of relay 70 from indoor unit A by the control signal wire CL that comes, the other end of this relay 70 is connected in negative pole wiring one side of direct current supply line DCL.
Relay 70 has above-mentioned amphicheirality's contact 70a, plays a part selection and leads to the circuit of blower-use motor 11M or lead to the energising switching device shifter of either party the circuit of two-way valve 7 from low voltage drive circuit 60.
And control part 35 has following [1] described function as main functional device.
[1] when carrying out heating operation,, when measuring frosting, be Defrost operations are carried out in control to outdoor heat converter 5 control device according to the situation of outdoor heat converter 5 frostings of the freeze cycle state-detection outdoor unit B of indoor unit A.
Effect to said structure is illustrated below:
Set refrigerating operaton pattern and desired indoor temperature with remote controller 34, and make the operation beginning.
At this moment, if the temperature that indoor temperature transmitter 36 records (indoor temperature) T aBeguine is according to the indoor temperature height of remote controller 34 operating and settings, promptly drive translation circuit 50, start compressor 1, the refrigerant of discharging from compressor 1 flow through cross valve 2, outdoor heat converter 5, capillary 6 and indoor heat converter 11 are sucked by compressor 1 by cross valve 2 through the refrigerant of this indoor heat converter 11.
To blow with fan shift circuit 40 switches to the arbitrary speed shelves with motor 13M and switches on again, and starts indoor blower 13.At this moment, if with remote controller 34 air quantity is set in " by force ", then the speed switching shelves that high wind is used are switched on, and the motor 13M of air-supply usefulness rotates with high rotating speed, and indoor blower 13 is the high wind running.If setting air quantity with remote controller 34 is " weak ", then the speed switching shelves that weak wind is used are switched on, and the motor 13M of air-supply usefulness rotates with medium rotating speed, and indoor blower 13 is weak wind running.If setting air quantity with remote controller is micro-, then the speed switching shelves that gentle breeze is used are switched on, and the motor 13M of air-supply usefulness rotates with the slow-speed of revolution, and indoor blower 13 is the gentle breeze running.
Again, that relay 32 is inhaled is moving, contact 32a, 32a closure, and relay 31 discharges, contact 31a disconnects, and forms by the air-supply of 60 couples of outdoor unit B of low voltage drive circuit of indoor unit A with motor 14M alive circuit, outdoor draft fan 14 entrys into service with this.
So outdoor heat converter 5 is as condenser, indoor heat converter 11 works as evaporimeter, and simultaneously, outdoor draft fan 14 and indoor blower 13 to separately heat exchanger air-supply, begin refrigerating operaton with this respectively.
When refrigerating operaton, obtain the temperature T that indoor temperature transmitter 36 records aWith set the poor of indoor temperature, according to operating frequency (output frequency of the translation circuit 50) F of this temperature difference control compressor 1.By means of the ability of control compressor, can bring into play refrigerating capacity corresponding to the air-conditioning load.
When setting heating mode with remote controller 34, changeable cross valve 2.So, if the temperature that indoor temperature transmitter 36 records (indoor temperature) T aLower than the indoor temperature of setting with remote controller 34, then translation circuit 50 is driven, compressor 1 brings into operation, the refrigerant that compressor 1 is discharged flow through cross valve 2, indoor heat converter 11, capillary 6 and outdoor heat converter 5, the refrigerant of this outdoor heat converter 5 of flowing through is sucked by compressor 1.
Switch on the arbitrary speed shelves with motor 13M with 40 pairs of air-supplies of fan shift circuit again, make indoor blower 13 operations.
Again, outdoor draft fan 14 is started in moving, relay 31 releases that relay 32 is inhaled.
So, indoor heat converter 11 works as evaporimeter as condenser, outdoor heat converter 5, and simultaneously, outdoor draft fan 14 and indoor blower 13 to separately heat exchanger air-supply, begin heating operation with this respectively.
When this heating operation, obtain the temperature T that indoor temperature transmitter 36 is measured aPoor with indoor temperature setting value is according to the running frequency F of this temperature difference control compressor 1.By control, can bring into play and the corresponding heating capacity of air conditioner load this compressor capacity.
But in case carry out heating operation, the surface frosting gradually of the outdoor heat converter 5 that works as evaporimeter just allows it go down like this, and the heat exchange amount of outdoor heat converter 5 will reduce, and heating capacity will descend.In order to prevent that this disadvantageous situation from practicable Fig. 5 and control shown in Figure 6 taking place.
When beginning with heating operation, timing t begins, according to this timing t, t at the appointed time 1Afterwards, read heat-exchanger temperature sensor 12 detected temperature (temperature in the centre position of indoor heat converter 11) T cWith indoor temperature transmitter 36 detected temperature (room temperature) T a, ask the difference Δ T of two detected temperatures Ca(=T c-T a).Stipulated time t 1Be that heating operation reaches the time (for example 10 minutes) till stablizing.
The temperature difference Δ T that tries to achieve CaMaximum Δ T CamaxBe updated gradually, store, ask this maximum Δ T CamaxWith temperature difference Δ T CaBetween poor D (=Δ T Camax-Δ T Ca).With this temperature difference D and setting D sMake comparisons, surpass setting D at temperature difference D sThe time, be judged to be outdoor heat converter 5 frostings.
That is to say that in case outdoor heat converter 5 frostings, the heat that outdoor heat converter 5 sucks reduces.Temperature according to indoor heat converter 11 descends, and can recognize indirectly because the suction heat that this frosting situation causes reduces.
But the temperature of considering indoor heat converter 11 is subjected to the influence of the ability of the air quantity of indoor blower 13 and compressor 1, said temperature difference Δ T CaRevise by the rotating speed of blower-use motor 13M and the rotating speed of air compressor motor 1M as shown in the formula described.That reality is used is this correction value Δ T Ca'.
Δ T Ca'=Δ T CaC (blower-use motor speed/compressor motor speed)
Wherein C is a constant.
In case be judged as frosting, relay 31 is promptly switched on to inhaling and is moved.Relay 31 1 energising suctions are moving, contact 31a is promptly closed, and the relay 70 energising suctions of outdoor unit B are moving.Relay 70 1 energisings are inhaled moving, and amphicheirality's contact 70a promptly switches, and lead to the circuit of blowing with motor 14M and are cut off, and newly form a circuit that leads to two-way valve 7.
So the bypass to capillary 6 is opened, formed to two-way valve 7, by this bypass, indoor heat converter 11 is in direct connected state with outdoor heat converter 5.Simultaneously, outdoor draft fan 14 stalls, stop to outdoor heat converter 5 air-supply.In indoor unit A, the running frequency F of compressor 1 is set in the setting F of defrosting d, simultaneously, indoor blower 13 stalls stop to indoor air-supply.
Thereby refrigerant little draw heat indoor heat converter 11 of the high temperature of discharging from compressor 1 just flows to outdoor heat converter 5, and the heat of high temperature refrigerant is effectively utilized, on outdoor heat converter 5 as the heat of defrosting.
When Defrost operation, also read heat-exchanger temperature sensor 12 detected temperature T c, upgrade, store this detected temperatures T gradually cMinimum plant T CminObtain this minimum of a value T simultaneously CminWith detected temperatures T cDifference Δ T c(=T c-T Cmin).
With this temperature difference Δ T cWith setting Δ T C0Make comparisons, at temperature difference Δ T cSurpass setting Δ T C0The time, relay 31 discharges.
Relay 31 1 discharges, and contact 31a promptly disconnects, and the relay 70 of outdoor unit B just discharges.Relay 70 1 discharges, and amphicheirality's contact 70a resets, and the circuit that leads to two-way valve 7 is cut off, and forms once again to lead to the circuit of air-supply with motor 14.In a word, Defrost operation finishes to recover afterwards, again common heating operation.
Then, when indicating it out of service with remote controller 34, or indoor temperature transmitter 36 detected temperature T aWhen reaching setting value at room temperature, translation circuit 50 stops to drive, and compressor 1 is out of service.
Like this, the frosting situation by the side at indoor unit A detects outdoor heat converter 5 just can not be provided with the dedicated signal lines that detects the frosting situation, and can defrost to outdoor heat converter 5 reliably between indoor unit A and outdoor unit B.Thereby can keep compressor 1 is located at the benefit that indoor unit A brings, also can keeps the effect that reduces the connecting line number between indoor unit A and the outdoor unit B, can prevent that heating capacity from descending simultaneously again.
And because compressor 1 is present among the indoor unit A, the situation that the heat ratio piston compressor 1 that the shell by compressor 1 leaks outside is present among the outdoor unit B will be lacked, and this part heat is used effectively in defrosting, can seek to shorten defrosting time.Shorten time of heating operation then of defrosting time is elongated.
Method as defrosting normally makes cross valve counter-rotating, makes the reverse cycle defrosting of refrigerant reverse flow (with refrigeration time same circulation), but in this case, gases at high pressure flow to low-pressure side from the high-pressure side of freeze cycle during the cross valve counter-rotating, can produce very big refrigerant sound.
But, in the present embodiment, consider that cross valve 2 is present among the indoor unit A, do not switch cross valve 2, as long as open two-way valve 7, keep the original flow direction of refrigerant, only make the peace and quiet defrosting of capillary bypass, refrigerant sound very big when making reverse cycle defrosting does not take place.This quiet defrosting brings offending sensation can for indoor people.
Because defrosting does not change the flow direction of refrigerant yet when finishing, thereby very successfully recovers heating, heating is subsequently gone up good.
Again, cross valve 2 be with change alive polarity change the Direct Action Type valve of stream, just only otherwise add the valve types that voltage V just is failure to actuate, thereby heating operation is when stopping, even the stream of dump, cross valve 2 does not switch yet, this point also can prevent the generation of refrigerant sound.
Also have, in the above-described embodiments, indoor blower 13 stops during Defrost operation, but as shown in Figure 7, the indoor blower 13 that also can remain in operation when Defrost operation is to indoor air-supply.In this case, the heat of considering refrigerant also will be emitted as heating installation in indoor heat converter 11 not only with the heat of doing outdoor heat converter 5 defrostings, and the operating frequency F of compressor 1 is set in than afore mentioned rules value F D1High F D2, compressor capacity is improved.And, in this case, reach higher F at operating frequency F D2Back two-way valve 7 is opened, and begins substantial defrosting, simultaneously for the pressure oscillation in the freeze cycle is relaxed, makes outdoor draft fan 14 hysteresis stipulated time t 0Stop.
Below the present invention the 2nd embodiment is illustrated:
In the 2nd embodiment, carry out control shown in Figure 8.Other structures and effect are identical with the 1st embodiment.
Timing t begins in the beginning heating operation, according to this timing, reaches stipulated time t at t 1After, read refrigerant temperature sensor 15 detected temperature (the refrigerant temperature of discharge) T dYi Bian, upgrade, store this detected temperatures T gradually dMaximum of T DmaxYi Bian, ask this maximum of T simultaneously DmaxWith detected temperatures T dDifference D (=T Dmax-T d).Stipulated time t 1Be the time till stable to heating operation.
With temperature difference D and the setting D that tries to achieve sMake comparisons, surpass setting D at temperature difference D sThe time, be judged to be outdoor heat converter 5 frostings.
That is to say, outdoor heat converter 5 one frostings, the heat that outdoor heat converter 5 sucks just reduces.Refrigerant temperature T according to compressor 1 discharge dDecline can recognize indirectly that the caloric receptivity that caused by frosting reduces.
In case be judged as frosting, relay 31 energisings are inhaled moving, begin the Defrost operation to outdoor heat converter 5.
In defrost process, also read refrigerant temperature sensor 15 detected temperature T dYi Bian, upgrade, store this detected temperatures T gradually dMinimum of a value T DminYi Bian, ask this minimum of a value T simultaneously DminWith detected temperatures T dPoor Δ T d(=T d-T Dmin).
With this temperature difference Δ T dWith setting Δ T D0Make comparisons, at temperature difference Δ T dWhen surpassing setting Δ Td0, relay 31 discharges and disconnects.Make Defrost operation finish, recover common heating operation with this.
Its effect is identical with the 1st embodiment.
Below the present invention the 3rd embodiment is illustrated:
In the 3rd embodiment, carry out control shown in Figure 9, other structures and effect are with the 1st embodiment.
The timing of time started t in the beginning heating operation, t reaches stipulated time t in this timing 1After, read refrigerant temperature sensor 16 detected temperature (the refrigerant temperature of suction) T sYi Bian, upgrade, store this detected temperatures T gradually sMaximum of T SmaxYi Bian, ask this maximum of T simultaneously SmaxWith detected temperatures T sPoor D (=T Smax-T s).Stipulated time t 1Be the time of heating operation till stable.
With temperature difference D and the setting D that tries to achieve sMake comparisons, surpass setting D at temperature difference D sThe time, be judged to be outdoor heat converter 5 frostings.
That is to say that in case outdoor heat converter 5 frostings, the heat that outdoor heat converter 5 is drawn will reduce.Refrigerant temperature T according to compressor 1 suction sDecline can recognize the minimizing that causes caloric receptivity by frosting indirectly.
In case be judged to be frosting, promptly inhale moving engage relay 31, begin Defrost operation to outdoor heat converter 5.
In the Defrost operation process, also read refrigerant sensor 16 detected temperature T s, with this detected temperatures T sWith setting T S0Make comparisons.In case detected temperatures T sSurpass setting T S0, relay 31 promptly discharges disconnection, finishes the heating operation that defrosts, recover common with this.
Its effect is identical with the 1st embodiment.
Adopt words of the present invention as mentioned above, owing to take to go out the situation of outdoor heat converter frosting according to the freeze cycle state-detection in the indoor unit, then carry out structure to the Defrost operation of outdoor heat converter, even thereby compressor is located at the air conditioner of indoor unit, the dedicated signal lines that detects the frosting situation is not set between indoor unit and outdoor unit also can defrost to outdoor heat converter, further seek the miniaturization of outdoor unit with this, the effect that reduces the connecting line number between indoor unit and the outdoor unit can be both kept simultaneously, and the reduction of heating capacity can be prevented again.

Claims (10)

1. one kind possesses the freeze cycle that compressor, cross valve, outdoor heat converter, expansion mechanism, indoor heat converter are connected successively, has both had described indoor heat converter and indoor blower in indoor unit, and described compressor and cross valve are arranged again simultaneously; Existing described outdoor heat converter and outdoor draft fan in outdoor unit, the air conditioner that described expansion mechanism is arranged again simultaneously, it is characterized in that possessing according to the freeze cycle state-detection in the described indoor unit to go out the situation of described outdoor heat converter frosting, then this outdoor heat converter is carried out the control device of Defrost operation.
2. air conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described expansion structure is a capillary, be used for this two-way valve capillaceous of bypass to be connected with this capillary paralleling, described control device is opened described two-way valve when Defrost operation, described outdoor draft fan is stopped.
3. air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described control device detects the temperature T in the centre position of described indoor heat converter after running, passed through official hour cAnd room temperature T a, ask the poor Δ T of two detected temperatures, Yi Bian upgrade, store the maximum Δ T of this temperature difference Δ T gradually MaxYi Bian, ask this maximum Δ T simultaneously MaxWith the poor D of temperature difference Δ T, surpass setting D at this temperature difference D sThe time, the beginning Defrost operation.
4. air conditioner according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the temperature difference Δ T that described control device is tried to achieve according to the capacity correction of the air quantity of described indoor blower and described compressor.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described air conditioners, it is characterized in that described control device detects the temperature T in described indoor heat converter centre position in Defrost operation cYi Bian, upgrade, store this detected temperatures T gradually cMinimum of a value T CminYi Bian, ask this minimum of a value T simultaneously CminWith detected temperatures T cDifference Δ T c, at this temperature difference Δ T cSurpass setting Δ T C0The time, stop Defrost operation.
6. air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described control device has begun to detect behind the official hour temperature T of the refrigerant of described compressor discharge in operation dYi Bian, upgrade, store this detected temperatures T gradually dMaximum of T DmaxYi Bian, ask this maximum of T simultaneously DmaxWith detected temperatures T dDifference D, when this temperature difference D surpasses setting D sThe time, the beginning Defrost operation.
7. air conditioner according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described control device detects the temperature T of the refrigerant of described compressor discharge in Defrost operation dYi Bian, upgrade, store this detected temperatures T gradually dMinimum of a value T DminYi Bian, ask this minimum of a value T simultaneously DminWith detected temperatures T dDifference Δ T d, at this temperature difference Δ T dSurpass setting Δ T D0The time, stop Defrost operation.
8-air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described control device detects the temperature T of the refrigerant of described compressor suction after the operation beginning stipulated time sYi Bian, upgrade, store this detected temperatures T gradually sMaximum of T SmaxYi Bian, ask this maximum of T simultaneously SmaxWith detected temperatures T sPoor D, surpass setting D at this temperature difference D sThe time, the beginning Defrost operation.
9. air conditioner according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described control device detects the refrigerant temperature T that described compressor sucks in Defrost operation s, at this detected temperatures T sSurpass setting T S0The time, stop Defrost operation.
10. according to claim 1 each described air conditioner to the claim 9, it is characterized in that cross valve is the valve that changes stream with the way that changes institute's making alive polarity.
CN95109494A 1995-03-31 1995-09-08 Air conditioner Pending CN1140249A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP076461/95 1995-03-31
JP7076461A JPH08271100A (en) 1995-03-31 1995-03-31 Air conditioner

Publications (1)

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CN1140249A true CN1140249A (en) 1997-01-15

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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JP (1) JPH08271100A (en)
KR (1) KR100192075B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1140249A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103868296A (en) * 2014-04-01 2014-06-18 深圳麦克维尔空调有限公司 Method for defrosting air conditioning unit and air conditioning unit
CN108361917A (en) * 2018-02-14 2018-08-03 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 Air conditioner defrosting control method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011102678A (en) * 2009-11-11 2011-05-26 Daikin Industries Ltd Heat pump device
JPWO2011099058A1 (en) * 2010-02-10 2013-06-13 三菱電機株式会社 Air conditioner
CN105276768B (en) * 2015-11-09 2018-04-03 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 A kind of air-conditioner defrosting control method, control system and air-conditioning

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103868296A (en) * 2014-04-01 2014-06-18 深圳麦克维尔空调有限公司 Method for defrosting air conditioning unit and air conditioning unit
CN108361917A (en) * 2018-02-14 2018-08-03 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 Air conditioner defrosting control method

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KR100192075B1 (en) 1999-06-15
KR960034907A (en) 1996-10-24
JPH08271100A (en) 1996-10-18

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