CN114024445A - Low-voltage direct-current power distribution network coordination control method based on intelligent soft switch - Google Patents
Low-voltage direct-current power distribution network coordination control method based on intelligent soft switch Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
- H02J1/102—Parallel operation of dc sources being switching converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
- H02J1/109—Scheduling or re-scheduling the operation of the DC sources in a particular order, e.g. connecting or disconnecting the sources in sequential, alternating or in subsets, to meet a given demand
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coordination control method for a low-voltage direct-current power distribution network based on intelligent soft switches, which is characterized in that N direct-current feeders are interconnected through N-end intelligent soft switches, and each converter is independently started and controlled to realize bidirectional power flow; at least one converter is always kept at the direct current line voltage of the intelligent soft switch, and the rest converters are used for controlling the terminal voltage or the feeder line current; the voltage fluctuation problem caused by a distributed power supply and a flexible load is reduced; more functions and more effective control of power flow between feeders in a low voltage DC distribution network are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of direct current distribution network control; in particular to a coordination control method of a low-voltage direct-current power distribution network based on intelligent soft switching.
Background
In order to solve the problems of environmental climate and energy safety brought by fossil energy, the development and utilization of clean energy become important measures for reducing the external dependence of energy, ensuring the safe development of energy, improving the energy consumption structure and coping with the deterioration of climate and environment. Thus, flexible loads such as distributed power sources for solar energy, wind power, electric vehicles, micro-grids, etc. are connected to low voltage distribution networks on a large scale. The scale of the large-area distributed power supply and flexible load grid-connected modern low-voltage power distribution network can make the operation environment more complicated, and the distributed power supply and flexible load output has intermittency and uncertainty, which can aggravate the original problems of the low-voltage power distribution network.
The dc distribution network technology is a means for solving the above problems. The existing research shows that the transmission capacity of a line can be effectively improved by a direct-current power distribution network compared with an alternating-current power distribution network, the line impedance of the direct-current line is smaller, and the line loss during electric energy transmission can be effectively reduced. In addition, the direct-current power distribution network can reduce the use frequency of power electronic conversion equipment, reduce the grid connection links of a distributed power supply, energy storage equipment and a flexible load, and facilitate the foundation of direct-current source-storage-load and flexible control.
At present, the research on the direct current distribution network is mainly based on a power electronic conversion device and the research on the topological structure of the direct current distribution network. The low-voltage direct-current power distribution network mostly adopts a radial structure, namely, a distributed power supply and various loads are connected on a public direct-current line in a centralized mode, and the communication condition of the low-voltage side of the power distribution network is limited, so that droop control is a common voltage control strategy, the dynamic effect time of the droop control is long, and the problem can be effectively solved by applying good communication conditions. At present, research is mostly focused on a single direct current line structure, the solutions of the voltage regulation and power distribution problems of a low-voltage direct current distribution network aiming at multiple direct current lines are few, the traditional alternating current distribution system has the solution in a back-to-back converter form, the low-voltage direct current has the solution in a back-to-back converter form, the interconnection of far-end feeders is mainly carried out by means of interconnection switches, the recovery of power supply is realized by means of circuit breaker isolation line faults, but the interconnection switches, the circuit breakers and other traditional equipment cannot control the power flow among the feeders, and the voltage difference among the lines can cause interference to the system
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the method is used for solving the technical problems that the direct-current power distribution network control depends on interconnection switches to carry out remote feeder interconnection and depends on circuit breaker isolation circuit faults to recover power supply, but traditional equipment such as interconnection switches and circuit breakers cannot control power flow among feeders, and voltage difference among circuits can cause interference to a system.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a low-voltage direct-current distribution network coordination control method based on intelligent soft switches is characterized in that N direct-current feeders are interconnected through N-end intelligent soft switches, and each converter is independently started and controlled to achieve bidirectional power flow; at least one converter is always holding the dc line voltage of the intelligent soft switch and the remaining converters are used to control the terminal voltage or feeder current.
The intelligent soft switch structure is as follows: switching element
And
and an input side LC filter component (r)a,La,Ca) Together forming a bidirectional converter a. Also, a switching element
And
and an input side LC filter component (r)b,Lb,Cb) The two-way converters a and b are connected together in a back-to-back mode, and the back-to-back interconnection of more than two DC-DC two-way converters is realized through the mode.
The intelligent soft switch determines the number of the current converters according to the direct current ports required to be connected.
The control method of the intelligent soft switch comprises the following steps: monitoring control, direct current link voltage control and terminal voltage control.
The monitoring control is started by setting a control Mode switching identification Mode mark to be a '0' position, and in the monitoring Mode, the intelligent soft switch is configured to respond to a monitoring instruction of the central controller; in the monitoring mode, the intelligent soft switch receives a current command and a signal marked as FLAG, and the intelligent soft switch continuously monitors the FLAG and compares the FLAG with a value of 2; a FLAG value of "2" indicates that the online optimization algorithm has converged and can execute instructions; also mentioned is "FLAG ═ 2A fail-safe mechanism is provided, in case of communication failure, the FLAG value will no longer be "2", the intelligent soft switch will automatically hold/switch to the last command received from the supervisory control; this condition is handled by the switch controlling the mode changeover switch "m"; monitoring current commands
Or
Limited by the parameters dImax and dImin; in the case of rate limiting, the instruction for inner loop current control becomes
The voltage control of the direct current link is started by setting a Mode mark to be 1; respectively at reference value by intelligent soft-switching converter
Regulated DC line voltage VdcSetting at least one converter to control the intelligent soft switching DC line voltage mode; current reference with output of intelligent soft-switching DC line controller for internal current control
Under the condition that the terminal voltage is controlled to be in normal operation, all the converters of the intelligent soft switch are in a monitoring state except the converter for controlling the voltage of the intelligent soft switch direct-current line; when the branch at the upstream of the feeder line is in fault or is forced to be interrupted, the load connected with the far end of the feeder line is seamlessly recovered through the intelligent soft switch; the intelligent soft switching converter continuously monitors the voltage of the feeder line far-end terminal. If any one of the terminal voltages VtA,VtBAnd VtCBelow a threshold value VthInternal flag "n" is connected to position "2"; activating the terminal voltage controller according to the droop parameter RdTo regulate terminal voltage, the intelligent soft switch is not monitoringIs autonomous and participates in load sharing with other voltage control sources.
The parameter selection method of the proportional-integral link in the control process comprises the following steps: according to the average model of the bidirectional converter in different modes, the controller for improving the intelligent soft switch is adjusted; the termination voltage controller is adjusted based on the following differential equations that control the behavior of the intelligent soft switch in buck mode:
wherein, ILAAnd VtAIs the inductive current and terminal voltage of the intelligent soft switching converter 1; and VdcIs the duty cycle and the dc line voltage; rLoadIs a load resistance corresponding to 20kW output power at 700V nominal terminal voltage; l isa,rLAnd CtAre the inductance, resistance and termination capacitance of the filter.
The average model behavior of the intelligent soft switching converter in boost mode is used to tune the dc link controller as follows:
the differential equation represents the dynamic state of the controlled object; the inner loop current control bandwidth is designed to be 1/10 times the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) switching frequency.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a novel universal intelligent soft switch with multiple ports for a back-to-back converter and a multi-line multi-mode voltage control method based on the intelligent soft switch. The provided multi-port universal intelligent soft switch overcomes the defect that the traditional double-active structure can only realize the connection of two direct current ports, and realizes the access of multiple direct current ports by performing back-to-back connection on a converter formed by combining a plurality of double-switch devices and a filter assembly. In addition, the control method based on the novel multi-port intelligent soft switch can flexibly switch the control mode of the intelligent soft switch according to the condition of the feeder line and the instruction, and ensures that a converter always exists to maintain the voltage stability of a direct current line or an alternating current feeder line.
The voltage fluctuation problem caused by a distributed power supply and a flexible load is reduced; more functions and more effective control of power flow between feeders in a low-voltage direct-current power distribution network are realized; the technical problems that the direct-current power distribution network control depends on interconnection switches to carry out remote feeder interconnection, and depends on circuit breakers to isolate line faults to realize power restoration, but traditional equipment such as interconnection switches and circuit breakers cannot control power flowing between feeders, and therefore voltage difference between lines can cause interference to a system are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent soft switch according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a control schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of terminal voltage control according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of DC line voltage control;
FIG. 5 is a terminal voltage controller bode diagram;
fig. 6 is a bode diagram of a dc line controller.
Detailed Description
The invention mainly comprises the following contents:
a multi-line universal intelligent soft switch based on back-to-back connection of converters.
A multi-line multi-mode coordination control method for a low-voltage direct-current power distribution network based on an intelligent soft switch is disclosed.
A parameter selection method for a proportional-integral link in a control strategy.
Multi-line general intelligent soft switch based on converter back-to-back connection
Bidirectional power flow control is achieved by means of a converter, which requires a voltage difference across the converter in order to change the direction of power flow. For power control between nodes with similar voltage values, such as the far end of a dc feeder, a conventional buck-boost converter cannot be used. Currently, Dual Active Bridge (DAB) circuits can be used for bi-directional power flow between dc voltages of the same magnitude, but conventional DAB converters can only enable connection of two dc ports. To this end, a universal intelligent soft switch based on power electronic converters is proposed herein, suitable for low voltage dc power distribution systems. The intelligent soft switch can be used for connecting a plurality of direct current ports, can provide flexible bidirectional power flow control between the direct current ports,
in FIG. 1, a switching element
And
and an input side LC filter component (r)a,La,Ca) Together forming a bidirectional converter a. Also, a switching element
And
and an input side LC filter component (r)b,Lb,Cb) The bidirectional converters a and b are connected together in a back-to-back mode, and through the mode, back-to-back interconnection of a plurality of DC-DC bidirectional converters can be realized and used for connecting a plurality of direct current ports and the far ends of different feeders; typically 2-5 ports can be connected.
The invention relates to a low-voltage direct-current power distribution network multi-line multi-mode coordination control method based on an intelligent soft switch. The basic idea is that at least one converter is always maintaining the dc line voltage of the intelligent soft switch and the other converters can be used to control the terminal voltage or the feeder current. The control schematic diagram of the intelligent soft switch is shown in fig. 2. The control of the intelligent soft switch can be roughly divided into three modes:
(1) OPMode-0, monitoring control mode;
(2) OPMode-1 is a direct-current link voltage control mode;
(3) OPMode-2 terminal voltage control mode.
OPMode-0 monitoring control mode
The monitoring control Mode may be enabled by setting the control Mode switching flag Mode flag at the control Mode switch m to the "0" position. In the monitoring mode, the intelligent soft switch is configured to respond to a monitoring instruction of the central controller. In the monitor mode, the intelligent soft switch receives a current command and a signal labeled FLAG, as shown in fig. 2. The intelligent soft switch continuously monitors FLAG and compares it to a value of "2". A FLAG value of "2" indicates that the online optimization algorithm has converged and can execute instructions. "FLAG-2" also provides a fail-safe mechanism, in case of communication failure, the FLAG value will no longer be "2" and the intelligent soft switch will automatically hold or switch to the last command received from the supervisory control. This condition is handled by the switching of the control mode changeover switch "m" between the dc line control mode and the droop control. Monitoring current commands
Or
Limited by the parameters dImax and dImin. In the case of rate limiting, the instruction for inner loop current control becomes
OPMode-1 direct current link voltage control mode
DC link voltage control mode passThe Mode flag is set to "1" to enable. Respectively from the converter with intelligent soft switching at the DC voltage reference value
Regulated DC line voltage VdcAs shown in fig. 2. Since the intelligent soft-switched dc line voltage must remain stable at all times, at least one converter must be set to control the intelligent soft-switched dc line voltage mode. This ensures power balancing within the intelligent soft switch. The output of the intelligent soft-switching DC line controller is a current reference for internal current control
As shown in fig. 2.
OPMode-2 terminal voltage control mode
Under normal operation, each converter of the intelligent soft switch is in a monitoring state except for the converter controlling the voltage of the intelligent soft switch direct current line. In the case of a fault or forced interruption of a branch upstream of the feeder line, the load connected at the far end of the feeder line can be seamlessly recovered through the intelligent soft switch. The intelligent soft switching converter continuously monitors the voltage of the feeder line far-end terminal. If any one of the terminal voltages VtA,VtBAnd VtCBelow a threshold value VthThe internal flag "n" is connected to the position "2". This activates the terminal voltage controller, which depends on the droop parameter RdTo regulate the termination voltage as shown in figure 2. In this way, the intelligent soft switch can operate autonomously without monitoring and participate in load sharing with other voltage control sources.
Parameter selection method for proportional-integral link in control strategy
The controller of the intelligent soft switch is adjusted according to the average model of the bidirectional converter in different modes. The termination voltage controller is adjusted based on the following differential equations that control the behavior of the intelligent soft switch in buck mode:
wherein, ILAAnd VtAIs the inductive current and terminal voltage of the intelligent soft switching converter 1; daAnd VdcIs the duty cycle and the dc line voltage; rLoadIs a load resistance corresponding to 20kW output power at 700V nominal terminal voltage (working point); l isa,rLAnd CtAre the inductance, resistance and termination capacitance of the filter.
Also, the average model behavior of the intelligent soft switching converter in boost mode is used to tune the dc link controller as follows:
wherein, CdcIs an SOP direct current capacitor. The differential equations represent the dynamics of the controlled object. The control block diagrams of the terminal voltage control and the corresponding control block diagram of the intelligent soft switching direct current circuit are shown in figures 3 and 4. The inner loop current control bandwidth is designed to be 1/10 times the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) switching frequency. The design of the external loop controllers such as the intelligent soft switching direct-current line and the terminal voltage control meets the requirement of transient response and has certain stability margin. An intelligent soft switch direct current line and an external loop controller for terminal voltage control and the like.
The corresponding frequency responses of the termination voltage controller and the dc link control loop are given by bode plots in fig. 5 and 6.
The invention is based on the new general intelligent soft switch of the multi-port of the back-to-back converter, the invention is directed against the defect that the traditional double-active structure can only realize the connection of two direct current ports, only a plurality of converters built by double-switch devices and filtering are connected back-to-back to realize the access of a multi-direct current circuit, the invention is exemplified by the connection of three ports, and the invention can be practically expanded into a multi-port form according to the network requirement.
The invention provides an intelligent soft switch multi-mode control method according to the feeder line running state, the intelligent soft switch has a monitoring mode to monitor the line running state, and the intelligent soft switch can flexibly switch the state to a direct current line voltage control or terminal voltage control mode according to the feeder line running and sending digital instructions.
Claims (9)
1. A low-voltage direct-current power distribution network coordination control method based on intelligent soft switching is characterized by comprising the following steps: the N direct current feeders are interconnected through the N-end intelligent soft switch, and each converter is independently started and controlled to realize bidirectional power flow; at least one converter is always holding the dc line voltage of the intelligent soft switch and the remaining converters are used to control the terminal voltage or feeder current.
2. The intelligent soft switch based low-voltage direct-current power distribution network coordination control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the intelligent soft switch structure is as follows: switching element
And
and an input side LC filter component (r)a,La,Ca) Together forming a bidirectional converter a. Also, a switching element
And
and an input side LC filter component (r)b,Lb,Cb) The two-way converters a and b are connected together in a back-to-back mode, and the back-to-back interconnection of more than two DC-DC two-way converters is realized through the mode.
3. The intelligent soft switch based low-voltage direct-current power distribution network coordination control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the intelligent soft switch determines the number of the current converters according to the direct current ports required to be connected.
4. The intelligent soft switch based low-voltage direct-current power distribution network coordination control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control method of the intelligent soft switch comprises the following steps: monitoring control, direct current link voltage control and terminal voltage control.
5. The intelligent soft switch based low-voltage direct-current power distribution network coordination control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the monitoring control is started by setting a control Mode switching identification Mode mark to be a '0' position, and in the monitoring Mode, the intelligent soft switch is configured to respond to a monitoring instruction of the central controller; in the monitoring mode, the intelligent soft switch receives a current command and a signal marked as FLAG, and the intelligent soft switch continuously monitors the FLAG and compares the FLAG with a value of 2; a FLAG value of "2" indicates that the online optimization algorithm has converged and can execute instructions; "FLAG-2" also provides a fail-safe mechanism, in case of communication failure, FLAG value will no longer be "2", intelligent soft switch will automatically hold/switch to the last command received from supervisory control; this condition is handled by the control mode switch labeled "m"; monitoring current commands
Or
Limited by the parameters dImax and dImin; at high speedIn the case of rate limiting, the command for inner loop current control becomes
6. The intelligent soft switch based low-voltage direct-current power distribution network coordination control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the voltage control of the direct current link is started by setting a Mode switching identification Mode mark to be 1; respectively at reference value by intelligent soft-switching converter
Regulated DC line voltage VdcSetting at least one converter to control the intelligent soft switching DC line voltage mode; current reference with output of intelligent soft-switching DC line controller for internal current control
7. The intelligent soft switch based low-voltage direct-current power distribution network coordination control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: under the condition that the terminal voltage is controlled to be in normal operation, all the converters of the intelligent soft switch are in a monitoring state except the converter for controlling the voltage of the intelligent soft switch direct-current line; when the branch at the upstream of the feeder line is in fault or is forced to be interrupted, the load connected with the far end of the feeder line is seamlessly recovered through the intelligent soft switch; the intelligent soft switching converter continuously monitors the voltage of the feeder line far-end terminal. If any one of the terminal voltages VtA,VtBAnd VtCBelow a threshold value VthInternal flag "n" is connected to position "2"; activating the terminal voltage controller according to the droop parameter RdThe intelligent soft switch operates autonomously without monitoring and participates in load sharing with other voltage control sources.
8. The intelligent soft switch based low-voltage direct-current power distribution network coordination control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the parameter selection method of the proportional-integral link in the control process comprises the following steps: according to the average model of the bidirectional converter in different modes, the controller for improving the intelligent soft switch is adjusted; the termination voltage controller is adjusted based on the following differential equations that control the behavior of the intelligent soft switch in buck mode:
wherein, ILAAnd VtAIs the inductive current and terminal voltage of the intelligent soft switching converter 1; and VdcIs the duty cycle and the dc line voltage; rLoadIs a load resistance corresponding to 20kW output power at 700V nominal terminal voltage; l isa,rLAnd CtAre the inductance, resistance and termination capacitance of the filter.
9. The intelligent soft switch based low-voltage direct-current power distribution network coordination control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the average model behavior of the intelligent soft switching converter in boost mode is used to tune the dc link controller as follows:
the differential equation represents the dynamic state of the controlled object; the inner loop current control bandwidth is designed to be 1/10 times the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) switching frequency.
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| CN110148954A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-20 | 青岛大学 | A kind of distribution network control method based on SOP |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110148954A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-20 | 青岛大学 | A kind of distribution network control method based on SOP |
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| Title |
|---|
| SHIVRAMAN MUDALIYAR: "Real-Time Coordinated Control of Low-Voltage DC Distribution Network With Soft Opening Point", 《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS》, pages 1 - 15 * |
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