CN114024383A - Random symmetrical Halbach array for permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
Random symmetrical Halbach array for permanent magnet motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114024383A CN114024383A CN202111137931.2A CN202111137931A CN114024383A CN 114024383 A CN114024383 A CN 114024383A CN 202111137931 A CN202111137931 A CN 202111137931A CN 114024383 A CN114024383 A CN 114024383A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/278—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an arbitrary symmetrical Halbach array for a permanent magnet motor, which is divided into two structures of an odd number block per pole and an even number block per pole. Each pole in the odd Halbach arrays consists of a main pole permanent magnet (5) and a plurality of auxiliary pole permanent magnets (6) which are sequentially symmetrical by taking the central line of the main pole permanent magnet as a symmetry axis, the even Halbach arrays are provided with a tangential magnetizing permanent magnet (7) besides the permanent magnets, and the two structures are provided with interpolar partitions (8). The Halbach array structure can improve the amplitude and the sine degree of the air gap flux density fundamental wave under the combination of proper permanent magnet width and magnetizing angle, thereby improving the power density of the motor and reducing the torque pulsation of the motor; the interelectrode partition can reduce the use amount of the permanent magnet, reduce the cost and facilitate the positioning and installation of the permanent magnet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of permanent magnet motors, and relates to a Halbach array for a permanent magnet motor.
Background
As early as 1979, Klaus Halbach, a scholars of america, when conducting electron acceleration experiments using magnetic fields generated by various permanent magnet structures, discovered a special permanent magnet structure, Halbach array, which can enhance the magnetic field on one side and generate self-shielding effect on the other side. In recent years, with the advent and development of high-performance permanent magnet materials, the application of permanent magnet synchronous motors becomes more and more extensive, and in some fields, such as servo systems, the characteristics of high power density and low torque ripple become important indexes for measuring the design quality of the motors. The requirement is that when a motor is designed, under the condition that the mass/volume is kept to be certain or even reduced, a larger air gap flux density fundamental component and higher air gap flux density sine performance are obtained, and aiming at the requirements, the Halbach array is widely applied to the design of the permanent magnet motor.
At present, Halbach arrays used in permanent magnet motors are mainly divided into two structures of equal thickness and unequal thickness, and a plurality of different structures are derived from the array structure of the equal thickness array as the main stream, for example, in the common Halbach array with three permanent magnets on each pole, some of the Halbach arrays carry out combined optimization on the width of the permanent magnet and the magnetizing angle of the auxiliary pole permanent magnet under the condition that a main pole permanent magnet and a pair of auxiliary pole permanent magnets are equal in width (Fangjian, Wujianhua. PMSM air gap magnetic field analytic analysis [ J ] of the Halbach type magnetic steel separated by tooth spaces and interphases; China Motor engineering reports 2010,30(12):98-105.), and the default condition that the widths of the permanent magnets are equal cannot fully consider the influence of width variables on air gap flux density; the width of the main magnetic pole permanent magnet, the width of the auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnet and the magnetizing angle (Luo Ling, Schum, Wu Xiyu, Zhang Leyue, Halbach permanent magnet array brushless DC motor torque analytic calculation and analysis [ J ] the report of electrotechnics, 2017,32(16): 124-. For every maximum of three equal-thickness Halbach structures, the structural complexity is increased, the current research is few, and a symmetrical structure is applied to the structural design of any Halbach array with the maximum of three blocks, so that a foundation is laid for the application of every maximum of multiple Halbach arrays.
In the symmetrical structure, the width and the magnetizing angle of each pair of auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnets taking the central line of the main magnetic pole permanent magnet as a symmetrical axis are set to be variable, and the influence of inter-pole partition is considered at the same time. Because of the symmetry of the sine wave in a half period, the width variable and the magnetizing angle variable of each permanent magnet influencing the magnetic field distribution in any two blocks of equal-thickness Halbach arrays which are larger than two blocks are comprehensively considered and combined and optimized by a symmetrical rule, compared with other equal-thickness Halbach arrays, the amplitude and the sine degree of the air gap flux density fundamental wave are further improved, meanwhile, the consumption of the permanent magnet can be reduced due to the existence of the inter-electrode partition, the cost is reduced, and the permanent magnet is easier to position and install.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to fully utilize the advantages of the Halbach array, the fundamental wave amplitude and the sine degree of the air gap flux density of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are improved, so that the power density of the motor is improved, and the torque pulsation is reduced; meanwhile, in order to provide the optimal structural design for any Halbach array with the size larger than two blocks, the invention provides any symmetrical Halbach array for a permanent magnet motor.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an arbitrary block symmetrical Halbach array for a permanent magnet motor, the motor comprises a stator and a rotor, the stator is provided with a stator winding, the rotor comprises a permanent magnet, a rotor yoke and a rotating shaft, and the permanent magnet is a segmented Halbach array; if the number of the permanent magnets is even, each pole is provided with a tangential magnetizing permanent magnet besides the permanent magnet, and no matter whether each pole is an odd number or an even number, the pole-to-pole partition exists.
Furthermore, in each pole, the auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnets which are sequentially symmetrical by taking the central line of the main magnetic pole permanent magnet as a symmetrical axis have equal and variable width and magnetizing angles, and the magnetizing angles of the main magnetic pole permanent magnet and the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet are respectively fixed in the radial direction and the tangential direction.
Furthermore, for each odd-pole block structure, the number of pole pairs is p, the block value L is 2L +1, n is L +1, L is not less than 1, and the magnetic steel width variable αiI is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, and the magnetizing angle variable betajJ is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to l, and the interelectrode partition angle h, then n width variables and l magnetizing angle variables must satisfy:
0°<β1<β2<…<βl<90°
on the other hand, for the even-numbered block structure of each pole, the number of pole pairs is p, the block value L is 2L, n is L +1, L is more than or equal to 2, and the magnetic steel width variable αiI is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, and the magnetizing angle variable betajJ is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to l-1, and the interpolar partition angle h, n width variables and l-1 magnetizing angle variables must satisfy:
0°<β1<β2<…<βl-1<90°
further, the interpolar partition structures of the odd-numbered block structures and the even-numbered block structures of each pole are different. If the inter-electrode partition angle of each pole is h, then when each pole is odd, the inter-electrode partition is divided into two blocks with the width of alphanAnd the magnetizing angle is betalThe auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnets are separated into a whole, and the angle of the whole is h; when each pole is even, the inter-pole partition is divided into two blocks with the width of alphan-1Angle of magnetization of betal-1Auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnet and width alphanThe tangential magnetizing permanent magnet is divided into two symmetrical parts with equal width, and the angle is h/2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the random symmetrical Halbach array for the permanent magnet motor, the width and the magnetizing angle of each permanent magnet influencing the distribution of magnetic strength in each random equal-thickness Halbach array which is larger than two permanent magnet arrays are comprehensively considered and combined and optimized according to a symmetrical rule, and compared with other three equal-thickness Halbach arrays with each pole, the amplitude and the sine degree of the air gap flux density fundamental wave are further improved, so that the power density of the motor is improved, and the torque pulsation of the motor is reduced.
2. The invention provides a universal structure for each three-block Halbach array, solves the design problem of each three-block Halbach array with larger structural complexity, and improves the amplitude and positive limit of the air gap flux density fundamental wave compared with the conventional three-block Halbach array with equal-width sinusoidal magnetizing and electrodeless interval interruption under the combination of proper permanent magnet width and magnetizing angle.
3. The existence of the interelectrode partition can reduce the using amount of the permanent magnet, reduce the cost and ensure that the permanent magnet is easier to position and install.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a structure of any symmetrical Halbach array.
Figure 2 is a diagram of three symmetrical Halbach arrays per pole.
Figure 3 is a diagram of a four block symmetric Halbach array per pole.
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous motor using four symmetrical Halbach arrays per pole.
Figure 5 is a diagram of a five-piece symmetric Halbach array structure per pole.
Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous motor using five symmetrical Halbach arrays per pole.
In the figure: 1-stator, 2-stator winding, 3-rotor yoke, 4-rotating shaft, 5-main pole permanent magnet, 6-auxiliary pole permanent magnet, 7-tangential magnetizing permanent magnet and 8-interelectrode partition.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to an arbitrary symmetrical Halbach array for a permanent magnet motor, which is divided into two structures of an odd number block per pole and an even number block per pole, as shown in figure 1. Each pole in the odd-numbered block structure consists of a main pole permanent magnet (5) and auxiliary pole permanent magnets (6) which are sequentially symmetrical by taking the central line of the main pole permanent magnet as a symmetry axis, a tangential magnetizing permanent magnet (7) is additionally arranged in the even-numbered block structure besides the permanent magnets, and interpolar partitions (8) exist in the two structures. The structures of the inter-electrode partition (8) of each odd-numbered block and each even-numbered block are different, the angle of the inter-electrode partition (8) of each pole is set as h, and when each odd-numbered block exists, the inter-electrode partition (8) has the width of alpha between two blocksnAngle of magnetization of betalThe auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnets (6) are separated into a whole, and the angle is h; when each pole is even, the inter-pole partition (8) has a width of alpha between two blocksn-1Angle of magnetization of betal-1Auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnet (6) and width alphanThe partition is two symmetrical parts with equal width between the tangential magnetizing permanent magnets (7), and the angles are both h/2.
The structure of three symmetrical Halbach arrays per pole is shown in figure 2, wherein each pole is magnetized by a radial magnetizing blockHas a width of alpha1The main pole permanent magnet (5) and two symmetrical permanent magnets with the width of alpha2A magnetizing angle of beta1The auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnet (6) is composed, and the width variable and the magnetizing angle variable meet the following requirements:
0°<β1<90°
the structure of four symmetrical Halbach arrays per pole is shown in FIG. 3, wherein each pole is magnetized by a radial block with the width of alpha1A main pole permanent magnet (5) with a width of alpha3The tangential magnetizing permanent magnet (7) and two symmetrical permanent magnets with the width of alpha2A magnetizing angle of beta1The auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnet (6) is composed, and the width variable and the magnetizing angle variable meet the following requirements:
0°<β1<90°
fig. 4 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor structure diagram of four symmetrical Halbach arrays of every pole of application, and this motor includes stator (1) and rotor, there is stator winding (2) on stator (1), including permanent magnet, rotor yoke (3), pivot (4) on the rotor, the permanent magnet is for blocking formula Halbach array, and every pole includes a main magnetic pole permanent magnet (5), two auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnets (6), a tangential permanent magnet of magnetizing (7) and interelectrode wall (8).
The structure of five symmetrical Halbach arrays per pole is shown in FIG. 5, wherein each pole is magnetized by one radial block with the width of alpha1The main magnetic pole permanent magnet (5) and four blocks have two pairs of widths alpha respectively2、α3The magnetizing angles are respectively beta1、β2The auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnet (6) is composed, and the width variable and the magnetizing angle variable meet the following requirements:
0°<β1<β2<90°
fig. 6 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor structure diagram of five block symmetric Halbach arrays of every pole of application, and this motor includes stator (1) and rotor, there is stator winding (2) on stator (1), including permanent magnet, rotor yoke (3), pivot (4) on the rotor, the permanent magnet is for blocking formula Halbach array, and every pole includes a main magnetic pole permanent magnet (5), four two pairs of auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnets (6), a tangential permanent magnet that magnetizes (7) and interelectrode wall (8).
The first embodiment is as follows:
in the embodiment, the number of the stator slots is 24, the number of the pole pairs p is 2, each pole is provided with three symmetrical Halbach arrays, and the width alpha of the main pole permanent magnet (5)1Is 48 degrees, the width alpha of the auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnet (6)2Is 20 degrees and the magnetizing angle is beta1Is 55 degrees, when the inter-electrode partition is 2 degrees, compared with the traditional three equal-width sine waves of each electrodeThe Halbach array is disconnected at non-polar intervals during magnetizing, and the amplitude of fundamental waves is improved by about 10% under the condition that the sinusoidal distortion rate of air gap flux density is slightly low.
The second embodiment is as follows:
in the embodiment, the number of the stator slots is 24, the number of the pole pairs p is 2, each pole is provided with three symmetrical Halbach arrays, and the width alpha of the main pole permanent magnet (5)1Is 47 degrees, the width alpha of the auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnet (6)2Is 20.5 degrees and a magnetizing angle beta1And when the angle is 65 degrees and the inter-electrode partition is 2 degrees, compared with the traditional Halbach array with three equal-width sinusoidal magnetizing electrodeless intervals on each electrode, the amplitude of the air gap flux density fundamental wave is improved by about 5 percent, and the sinusoidal distortion rate is reduced by about 17 percent.
The third concrete embodiment:
in the embodiment, the number of the stator slots is 24, the number p of the pole pairs is 2, each pole is provided with four symmetrical Halbach arrays, and the width alpha of the main pole permanent magnet (5)1Is 46 degrees, and the width alpha of the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet (7)3Is 16 degrees, and the width alpha of the auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnet (6)2Is 13 degrees and the magnetizing angle is beta1When the angle is 45 degrees and the interpolar partition is 2 degrees, compared with the traditional four equal-width sinusoidal magnetizing electrodeless partition Halbach arrays with each pole, the amplitude of the fundamental wave is improved by about 8 percent under the condition that the air gap flux density sinusoidal distortion rate is slightly low.
The fourth concrete embodiment:
in the embodiment, the number of the stator slots is 24, the number p of the pole pairs is 2, each pole is provided with four symmetrical Halbach arrays, and the width alpha of the main pole permanent magnet (5)1Is 17 degrees, and the width alpha of the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet (7)3Is 13 degrees, the width alpha of the auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnet (6)2Is 29.5 degrees and the magnetizing angle is beta1When the angle is 55 degrees and the inter-electrode partition is 1 degree, compared with the traditional four equal-width sinusoidal magnetizing electrodeless partition Halbach arrays with each electrode, the amplitude of the air gap flux density fundamental wave is improved by about 5 percent, and the sinusoidal distortion rate is reduced by about 12 percent.
The fifth concrete embodiment:
in the embodiment, the number of the stator slots is 24, the number p of the pole pairs is 2, each pole is provided with five symmetrical Halbach arrays, and the width alpha of the main pole permanent magnet (5)1At 17 deg. first pair of auxiliaryWidth alpha of auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnet (6)2Is 21 degrees and the magnetizing angle is beta1Is 36 degrees, and the width alpha of the permanent magnet (6) of the second pair of auxiliary magnetic poles3Is 15 degrees and the magnetizing angle is beta2When the angle is 71 degrees and the interpolar partition is 1 degree, compared with the traditional five-block sine magnetizing electrodeless partition Halbach array with equal width of each pole, the amplitude of the fundamental wave is improved by about 3 percent under the condition that the air gap flux density sine distortion rate is slightly low.
The sixth specific embodiment:
in the embodiment, the number of the stator slots is 24, the number p of the pole pairs is 2, each pole is provided with five symmetrical Halbach arrays, and the width alpha of the main pole permanent magnet (5)1Is 15 degrees, the width alpha of the first pair of auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnets (6)2Is 21 degrees and the magnetizing angle is beta1Is 37 degrees, and the width alpha of the permanent magnet (6) of the second pair of auxiliary magnetic poles3Is 16 degrees and the magnetizing angle is beta2When the angle is 70 degrees and the inter-electrode partition is 1 degree, compared with a traditional Halbach array with five equal-width sinusoidal magnetizing non-polar partition structures of each electrode, the sinusoidal distortion rate is reduced by about 4 percent under the condition that the amplitude of the air gap flux density fundamental wave is slightly higher.
Claims (5)
1. An arbitrary block symmetrical Halbach array for a permanent magnet motor is a segmented Halbach array and is characterized in that the number of permanent magnet blocks of each pole is more than two, and if the permanent magnet blocks are odd, each pole consists of a main pole permanent magnet (5) and a plurality of auxiliary pole permanent magnets (6) which are sequentially symmetrical by taking the central line of the main pole permanent magnet (5) as a symmetry axis; if the number of the permanent magnets is even, each pole is provided with a tangential magnetizing permanent magnet (7) besides the permanent magnet, and no matter whether each pole is an odd number or an even number, an inter-pole partition (8) exists.
2. An arbitrary block symmetric Halbach array for a permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: in each pole, a plurality of auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnets (6) which are sequentially symmetrical by taking the central line of the main magnetic pole permanent magnet (5) as a symmetrical axis have equal and variable width and magnetizing angles, and the magnetizing angles of the main magnetic pole permanent magnet (5) and the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet (7) are respectively fixed in the radial direction and the tangential direction.
3. An arbitrary block symmetric Halbach array for a permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: for each odd-number block structure, the number of pole pairs is p, the block value L is 2L +1, n is L +1, L is more than or equal to 1, and the magnetic steel width variable alpha isiI is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, and the magnetizing angle variable betajJ is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to l, and the interpolar partition (8) has an angle h, then n width variables and l magnetizing angle variables must satisfy:
0°<β1<β2<…<βl<90°。
4. an arbitrary block symmetric Halbach array for a permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: for each even-pole block structure, the number of pole pairs is p, the block value L is 2L, n is L +1, L is more than or equal to 2, and the magnetic steel width variable alphaiI is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, and the magnetizing angle variable betajJ is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to l-1, and the interpolar partition (8) angle h, then n width variables and l-1 magnetizing angle variables must satisfy:
0°<β1<β2<…<βl-1<90°。
5. an arbitrary block symmetric Halbach array for a permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inter-electrode partition structures of each odd-numbered block and each even-numbered block are different, the inter-electrode partition angle of each pole is h, and when each odd-numbered block is arranged, the inter-electrode partition is arranged between two blocks with the width of alphanAngle of magnetization is betalThe auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnets (6) are integrated, and the angle is h; when each pole is even, the inter-pole partition is divided into two blocks with the width of alphan-1Angle of magnetization is betal-1Auxiliary magnetic pole permanent magnet (6) and width alphanThe tangential magnetizing permanent magnets (7) are two symmetrical parts with equal width, and the angles are both h/2.
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Citations (4)
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US6847144B1 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-01-25 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Permanent magnet rotor assembly for interior permanent magnet electric motor |
CN101707404A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-05-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Halbach array disk rotor of permanent magnet motor with composite structure |
CN103973008A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-06 | 山洋电气株式会社 | Rotor for permanent magnet type motor, method of manufacturing rotor for permanent magnet type motor, and permanent magnet type motor |
CN110943557A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-03-31 | 湖南大学 | Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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2021
- 2021-09-27 CN CN202111137931.2A patent/CN114024383B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6847144B1 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-01-25 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Permanent magnet rotor assembly for interior permanent magnet electric motor |
CN101707404A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-05-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Halbach array disk rotor of permanent magnet motor with composite structure |
CN103973008A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-06 | 山洋电气株式会社 | Rotor for permanent magnet type motor, method of manufacturing rotor for permanent magnet type motor, and permanent magnet type motor |
CN110943557A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-03-31 | 湖南大学 | Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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