CN114021406A - High-efficiency simulation evaluation method and system for stone-impact resistance of automobile coating - Google Patents
High-efficiency simulation evaluation method and system for stone-impact resistance of automobile coating Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency simulation evaluation method and a high-efficiency simulation evaluation system for stone-impact resistance of an automobile coating, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: obtaining a single-particle impact damage finite element analysis model for carrying out simulation experiments on the single-particle impact of the automobile coating sample; acquiring multiple groups of single-particle impact speeds and impact angles, and outputting multiple groups of single-particle impact damage areas based on a simulation experiment; taking a plurality of groups of single-particle impact damage areas as discrete data points, and constructing a three-dimensional curved surface model for calculating the impact damage area of each particle in a multi-particle impact working condition; and completing the high-efficiency simulation evaluation of the stone impact resistance of the automobile coating based on the impact damage area of each particle. According to the method, the damage area of the automobile coating in the standard experiment is evaluated by a high-efficiency numerical method, so that the defect of poor repeatability of the experiment method is overcome, the problem of low calculation efficiency of the simulation method is solved, and a feasible numerical method is provided for evaluating the stone impact resistance of the automobile coating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of evaluation of stone-impact resistance of an automobile coating, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency simulation evaluation method and system for the stone-impact resistance of the automobile coating.
Background
The automobile can splash broken stones on the road surface in the driving process, and the splashed broken stones hit the surface of the automobile coating to cause the corrosion of the surface of the automobile body, influence on the appearance of the automobile, cause the corrosion of parts such as a chassis and the like to be aggravated, reduce the safety performance of the automobile and the like, so that the analysis of the stone-hit damage phenomenon of the coating, the research of the stone-hit damage mechanism of the coating and the realization of the evaluation of the stone-hit resistance of the coating have important research significance.
In the field of experimental research, two major standards currently used for tests on the chip resistance of automotive coatings are the german industrial standard DIN 55996-1: 2001(DIN 55996-1, paint And varnish Coatings Test For Coatings-Part 1: Multi Impact Test [ S ]. Deutsches instruments fuel Normal. V.2001) And SAE Standard SAE J400(SAE J400, Test For Chip Resistance of Surface Coatings [ S ]. Society of Automotive Engineers,2002), both of which require a large number of particles to continuously Impact the Automotive coating sample over a period of time And then evaluate the Resistance of the Automotive coating sample to Stone-chipping based on the area of failure of the Automotive coating sample. The test can accurately describe the stone-hit damage phenomenon under the real working condition of the automobile coating, but the test research has the defects of strict requirements on test conditions, poor repeatability of the test phenomenon and the like.
In recent years, with the rapid development of computer technology, simulation methods are increasingly applied to research in this field. Using the finite element method, the American M.Grujic study found that the mechanical response of a polymer coating under impact conditions is closely related to the test temperature (Grujic M, Pandurangan B, He T, et al, comparative information of impact energy absorption capacity of polyurethane coating vision-induced glass transition [ J ]. Materials Science and Engineering: A.2010,527(29-30):7741-7751), the French B.Zoar study found that the coating layer failure was divided into three phases: first, shear stress at the interface causes delamination of the coating, second, radial compressive stress of the coating causes warpage of the coating, and finally warpage of the coating induces delamination of the coating (Zouari B, coatings M.simulation of organic coating removal by particulate impact [ J ]. wear.2002,253(3): 488-497). The stone impact resistance of the automobile coating is researched by using a computer simulation analysis method, so that the development cost of the coating can be reduced, the development efficiency of the coating can be improved, and the defect of poor experimental repeatability can be avoided.
Automotive coating samples typically include a metal substrate, an electrophoretic layer, a midcoat layer, a basecoat layer, and a clearcoat layer, each coating having a thickness of only 15-40 microns. In standard experiments, coating failure occurred in coated samples subjected to high pressure air driven impact of a large number of metal particles (or pebbles) for 10 seconds. Finite element simulation analysis of multi-particle impact failure of a coating sample requires a huge-scale finite element model and a phenomenon time as long as 10 seconds, and great difficulty is faced in reproducing the experimental phenomenon. In order to solve the problem, a simulation evaluation method for stone-impact resistance of an automobile coating which is feasible in engineering needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency simulation evaluation method and a high-efficiency simulation evaluation system for the stone-impact resistance of an automobile coating, which are characterized in that the mutual influence of multiple particles on the coating is not considered, the impact damage area of each particle on the coating in the multi-particle impact working condition of the automobile coating is calculated by an interpolation method on the basis of the single-particle impact simulation result of a coating sample, then the impact damage areas of each particle on the coating are summed to obtain the multi-particle impact damage area of the automobile coating, and the stone-impact resistance of the automobile coating is evaluated according to the sum. The high-efficiency simulation evaluation method for the stone-impact resistance of the automobile coating not only eliminates the defect of poor repeatability of an experimental method, but also solves the difficulty of a simulation method in the whole process of a standard experiment, and provides a feasible numerical method for the stone-impact resistance evaluation of the automobile coating, and the specific technical scheme is as follows.
On one hand, in order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a high-efficiency simulation evaluation method for stone-impact resistance of an automobile coating, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining a single-particle impact damage finite element analysis model, wherein the single-particle impact damage finite element analysis model is used for carrying out simulation experiments on single-particle impact of an automobile coating sample;
acquiring multiple groups of single-particle impact speeds and impact angles, and outputting multiple groups of single-particle impact damage areas based on the simulation experiment;
constructing a three-dimensional curved surface model by taking the multiple groups of single-particle impact damage areas as discrete data points, wherein the three-dimensional curved surface model is used for calculating the impact damage area of each particle in the multi-particle impact working condition;
and completing the high-efficiency simulation evaluation of the stone impact resistance of the automobile coating based on the impact damage area of each particle.
Optionally, the single-particle impact failure finite element analysis model is a minimum-scale single-particle impact failure finite element analysis model established by using symmetry of structure and load based on finite element analysis software.
Optionally, the simulation experiment further includes obtaining a single-particle impact damage area of the automobile coating sample through the single-particle impact damage finite element analysis model, and verifying the effectiveness of the single-particle impact damage finite element analysis model by comparing the single-particle impact damage area with a real scene experiment result.
Optionally, the multiple groups of single-particle impact velocities and impact angles all meet the average distribution within the range of the preset impact velocity and the preset impact angle.
Optionally, the three-dimensional curved surface model employs a three-dimensional interpolation function.
Optionally, the three-dimensional interpolation function is constructed by taking the multiple groups of single-particle impact damage areas as Z-axis coordinate variables, taking the multiple groups of single-particle impact velocities as X-axis coordinate variables, and taking the multiple groups of single-particle impact angles as Y-axis coordinate variables.
Optionally, the impact damage area of each particle is calculated by obtaining the impact velocity and the impact angle of each particle in the multi-particle impact working condition through fluid and particle coupling simulation calculation, and the impact velocity and the impact angle of each particle are brought into the three-dimensional curved surface model to obtain the impact damage area of each particle.
Optionally, the impact damage areas of the particles are summed, and the stone impact resistance of the automobile coating is evaluated based on the sum.
Optionally, the size, material property and boundary condition parameters of the single-particle and automobile coating samples in the simulation experiment need to be consistent with those of each particle and automobile coating sample in the multi-particle impact condition.
On the other hand, in order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a high-efficiency simulation evaluation system for stone-impact resistance of an automobile coating, which comprises a first construction module, an output module, a second construction module and an evaluation module;
the first construction module is used for constructing a single-particle impact failure finite element analysis model, and the single-particle impact failure finite element analysis model is used for carrying out simulation experiments on single-particle impact of the automobile coating sample;
the output module is used for acquiring multiple groups of single-particle impact speeds and impact angles and outputting multiple groups of single-particle impact damage areas based on the simulation experiment;
the second construction module is used for constructing a three-dimensional curved surface model by taking the multiple groups of single-particle impact damage areas as discrete data points, and the three-dimensional curved surface model is used for calculating the impact damage area of each particle in a multi-particle impact working condition;
and the evaluation module is used for finishing the high-efficiency simulation evaluation of the stone-impact resistance of the automobile coating according to the impact damage area of each particle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and technical effects:
according to the method, based on the simulation experiment result of single-particle impact damage of the coating sample, the multi-particle impact damage area corresponding to the standard experiment of the stone-impact resistance of the automobile coating is calculated by an interpolation method, and the stone-impact resistance of the automobile coating is evaluated according to the multi-particle impact damage area. The method not only avoids the defect of poor experimental repeatability, but also solves the problems that the multi-particle impact simulation scale of the automobile coating is huge and the engineering application requirements are difficult to meet, and provides a feasible numerical calculation scheme with practical engineering significance for realizing the stone impact resistance performance evaluation of the automobile coating.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a high-efficiency simulation evaluation method for stone-impact resistance of an automobile coating according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an automobile coating sample impacted by 10 steel ball particles according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single-particle normal impact finite element mesh model according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single-particle oblique impact finite element mesh model according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional interpolation function surface diagram according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency simulation evaluation system for stone-impact resistance of an automobile coating in the second embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and that, although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, a high-efficiency simulation evaluation method for stone-impact resistance of an automobile coating is provided, in this embodiment, steel ball particles are used to impact an automobile coating sample, and in a multi-particle impact condition, the automobile coating sample is impacted by 10 steel ball particles, as shown in fig. 2. The size of an automobile coating sample is 100mm multiplied by 200mm multiplied by 1mm, the diameters of steel ball particles are all 5mm, and the impact speed and the impact angle of each steel ball particle can be obtained through fluid and particle coupling simulation calculation. The simulation of the coupling of fluid and particles is a result of previous research, the simulation process is not described herein, the impact velocity and the impact angle of each steel ball particle under the multi-particle impact condition are known in this embodiment, as shown in table 1 for each particle impact velocity and impact angle under the multi-particle impact condition of the automobile coating:
TABLE 1
| Particle numbering | Impact velocity (m/s) | Angle of impact (°) |
| 1 | 8.5 | 70 |
| 2 | 8.6 | 78 |
| 3 | 9 | 85 |
| 4 | 8.3 | 73 |
| 5 | 9.5 | 65 |
| 6 | 11 | 88 |
| 7 | 10.5 | 81 |
| 8 | 10.3 | 75 |
| 9 | 9.6 | 82 |
| 10 | 9.8 | 66 |
The high-efficiency simulation evaluation method for the stone-impact resistance of the automobile coating comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining a single-particle impact failure finite element analysis model, wherein the single-particle impact failure finite element analysis model is a minimum-scale single-particle impact failure finite element analysis model established by using the symmetry of a structure and a load based on finite element analysis software; the single-particle impact damage finite element analysis model is used for carrying out simulation experiments on the single-particle impact of the automobile coating sample; the simulation experiment further comprises the step of obtaining the single-particle impact damage area of the automobile coating sample through the single-particle impact damage finite element analysis model, and the single-particle impact damage area is aligned with the actual scene experiment result to verify the effectiveness of the single-particle impact damage finite element analysis model.
In this embodiment, the single-particle impact failure finite element analysis model includes a single-particle normal impact finite element mesh model and a single-particle oblique impact finite element mesh model, wherein the single-particle normal impact finite element mesh model is used for a simulation experiment under a single-particle normal impact condition, and the single-particle oblique impact finite element mesh model is used for a simulation experiment under a single-particle oblique impact condition. To reduce the computational scale, a local cylindrical region centered at the point of impact was chosen for modeling, with a model radius set at 20 mm. To further reduce the amount of computation, 1/4 and 1/2 models were selected respectively by using the symmetry of the models, and the single-grain normal impact finite element mesh model and the single-grain oblique impact finite element mesh model are shown in fig. 3 and 4, respectively. In the single-particle impact simulation of the automobile coating, the particles are defined as rigid bodies with the diameter of 5mm, and the material physical property parameters of the coating are determined by material physical property tests. And under the normal impact working condition and the oblique impact working condition, respectively carrying out a group of automobile coating single-particle impact simulation, carrying out benchmarking on a simulation result and an actual scene experiment result, and verifying the effectiveness of the finite element model.
S2, acquiring multiple groups of single-particle impact speeds and impact angles, and outputting multiple groups of single-particle impact damage areas based on a simulation experiment; the multiple groups of single-particle impact speeds and the multiple groups of single-particle impact angles are required to be evenly distributed within the range of the preset impact speed and the preset impact angle, the multiple groups of single-particle impact speeds and the multiple groups of single-particle impact angles are brought into a single-particle impact failure finite element analysis model, and multiple groups of single-particle impact failure areas are generated.
In this embodiment, the predetermined impact velocity is in the range of 8-12 m/s, and the predetermined impact angle is in the range of 60-90 °. Setting 20 groups of evenly distributed particle impact speeds and impact angles within a particle impact speed range of 8-12 m/s and a particle impact angle range of 60-90 degrees, as shown in the particle impact speeds and impact angles in the automobile coating single particle impact simulation of each group of the table 2:
TABLE 2
Carrying out 20 groups of corresponding automobile coating single-particle impact simulation analysis by utilizing the established automobile coating single-particle impact finite element analysis model, wherein a single-particle normal impact finite element grid model (namely 1/4 symmetric model) with a particle impact angle of 90 degrees is used for carrying out simulation experiment, a single-particle inclined impact finite element grid model (namely 1/2 symmetric model) with a particle impact angle of less than 90 degrees is used for carrying out simulation experiment, so that automobile coating single-particle impact failure areas under 20 groups of working conditions are obtained, and the automobile coating single-particle impact simulation failure areas under each working condition are counted, as shown in the automobile coating single-particle impact simulation failure areas of each group in table 3:
TABLE 3
| Automobile coating single particle impact simulation group number | Area of failure (mm)2) |
| 1 | 14.5 |
| 2 | 16.9 |
| 3 | 18.2 |
| 4 | 19.5 |
| 5 | 18.8 |
| 6 | 20.5 |
| 7 | 21.2 |
| 8 | 22.6 |
| 9 | 19.5 |
| 10 | 20.8 |
| 11 | 23.2 |
| 12 | 24.1 |
| 13 | 22.3 |
| 14 | 24.9 |
| 15 | 26.8 |
| 16 | 27.4 |
| 17 | 25 |
| 18 | 27.3 |
| 19 | 28.1 |
| 20 | 28.6 |
S3, constructing a three-dimensional curved surface model by taking a plurality of groups of single-particle impact damage areas as discrete data points, wherein the three-dimensional curved surface model is used for calculating the impact damage area of each particle in a multi-particle impact working condition; the three-dimensional surface model adopts a three-dimensional interpolation function, and the three-dimensional interpolation function is constructed in a mode that a plurality of groups of single-particle impact damage areas are used as Z-axis coordinate variables, a plurality of groups of single-particle impact speeds are used as X-axis coordinate variables, and a plurality of groups of single-particle impact angles are used as Y-axis coordinate variables.
In this embodiment, 20 sets of simulated damage areas of single particle impact of the automobile coating are used as discrete data points, the particle impact velocity is used as an x-coordinate variable, the particle impact angle is used as a y-coordinate variable, the simulated damage areas are used as a z-coordinate variable, a commercial mathematic software matlab is used, a griddata function is used, a default linear interpolation method is adopted, a three-dimensional interpolation function f (x, y) ═ z is constructed in a rectangular coordinate system, and a three-dimensional interpolation function curved surface diagram is shown in fig. 5.
In this embodiment, the impact velocity and the impact angle of each steel ball particle in the multi-particle impact condition can be calculated by fluid-particle coupling simulation, the fluid-particle coupling simulation is a result of previous research, and the simulation process is not described herein. The impact velocities x of 10 steel ball particles are obtained according to the table 1jAngle of impact yj(j 1-10), using commercial math software matlab, according to the impact velocity x of each particle in the multi-particle impact conditionjAngle of impact yjBased on the three-dimensional interpolation function f (x, y) which is constructed as z, the impact damage area z of each particle is obtained through interpolation calculationjCounting the impact damage area of each particle, as shown in the table 4 of the impact damage area of each particle in the multi-particle impact damage working condition of the automobile coating;
TABLE 4
| Particle numbering | Area of impact failure (mm)2) |
| 1 | 18.7 |
| 2 | 19.86 |
| 3 | 21.9 |
| 4 | 18.37 |
| 5 | 20 |
| 6 | 27.28 |
| 7 | 25.09 |
| 8 | 23.23 |
| 9 | 22.68 |
| 10 | 20.22 |
And S4, completing high-efficiency simulation evaluation of the stone impact resistance of the automobile coating based on the impact damage areas of the particles, summing the impact damage areas of the particles, and completing evaluation of the stone impact resistance of the automobile coating based on the summation result.
In this embodiment, the impact damage areas of the 10 steel ball particles in table 4 are summed, and the damage area of the car coating sample when being impacted by the 10 steel ball particles is 217.33mm2. According to the automobile coating sample, the damage area of the automobile coating sample is 217.33mm when the automobile coating sample is impacted by 10 steel ball particles2Thus judging the general stone-impact resistance of the coating sample, and judging the stone-impact resistance of the coating sampleAnd (4) the steps are as follows.
It should be noted that in this embodiment, the size, material property and boundary condition parameters of the single particle and the car coating sample in the simulation experiment need to be consistent with the size, material property and boundary condition parameters of each particle and the car coating sample in the multi-particle impact condition.
Example two
As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment provides a structural schematic diagram of a high-efficiency simulation evaluation system for stone-impact resistance of an automobile coating, including a first building module, an output module, a second building module, and an evaluation module;
specifically, a first construction module, an output module and a second construction module are sequentially connected with an evaluation module, the first construction module is used for constructing a single-particle impact damage finite element analysis model, and the single-particle impact damage finite element analysis model is used for carrying out simulation experiments on single-particle impact of the automobile coating sample; the output module is used for acquiring multiple groups of single-particle impact speeds and impact angles and outputting multiple groups of single-particle impact damage areas based on a simulation experiment; the second construction module is used for constructing a three-dimensional curved surface model by taking a plurality of groups of single-particle impact damage areas as discrete data points, and the three-dimensional curved surface model is used for calculating the impact damage area of each particle in a multi-particle impact working condition; and the evaluation module is used for finishing the high-efficiency simulation evaluation of the stone impact resistance of the automobile coating according to the impact damage area of each particle.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The high-efficiency simulation evaluation method for the stone-impact resistance of the automobile coating is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
obtaining a single-particle impact damage finite element analysis model, wherein the single-particle impact damage finite element analysis model is used for carrying out simulation experiments on single-particle impact of an automobile coating sample;
acquiring multiple groups of single-particle impact speeds and impact angles, and outputting multiple groups of single-particle impact damage areas based on the simulation experiment;
constructing a three-dimensional curved surface model by taking the multiple groups of single-particle impact damage areas as discrete data points, wherein the three-dimensional curved surface model is used for calculating the impact damage area of each particle in the multi-particle impact working condition;
and completing the high-efficiency simulation evaluation of the stone impact resistance of the automobile coating based on the impact damage area of each particle.
2. The method for high-efficiency simulation evaluation of stone-chip resistance of automotive coatings according to claim 1, wherein the single-particle impact failure finite element analysis model is a minimum-scale single-particle impact failure finite element analysis model established by using symmetry of structures and loads based on finite element analysis software.
3. The method for high-efficiency simulation evaluation of stone-impact resistance of automobile coatings according to claim 2, wherein the simulation experiment further comprises the step of obtaining the single-particle impact damage area of the automobile coating sample through the single-particle impact damage finite element analysis model, and the single-particle impact damage area is aligned with the actual scene experiment result to verify the effectiveness of the single-particle impact damage finite element analysis model.
4. The high-efficiency simulation evaluation method for stone chip resistance of the automobile coating as claimed in claim 3, wherein the impact velocities and the impact angles of the plurality of groups of single particles are uniformly distributed within the ranges of the preset impact velocities and the preset impact angles.
5. The high-efficiency simulation evaluation method for stone-chip resistance of the automobile coating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional curved surface model adopts a three-dimensional interpolation function.
6. The method for high-efficiency simulation evaluation of stone-chip resistance of automotive coatings according to claim 5, wherein the three-dimensional interpolation function is constructed by taking the multiple groups of single-particle impact damage areas as Z-axis coordinate variables, the multiple groups of single-particle impact velocities as X-axis coordinate variables, and the multiple groups of single-particle impact angles as Y-axis coordinate variables.
7. The method for high-efficiency simulation evaluation of stone-impact resistance of automobile coatings according to claim 5, wherein the calculation mode of each particle impact damage area is that each particle impact speed and each particle impact angle in the multi-particle impact working condition are obtained through fluid and particle coupling simulation calculation, and the each particle impact speed and each particle impact angle are brought into the three-dimensional curved surface model to obtain each particle impact damage area.
8. The method for high-efficiency simulation evaluation of stone-chip resistance of the automobile coating according to claim 7, wherein the impact damage areas of the particles are summed, and the evaluation of the stone-chip resistance of the automobile coating is completed based on the summed result.
9. The method for the high-efficiency simulation evaluation of the stone-chip resistance of the automobile coating according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the size, material property and boundary condition parameters of the single-particle and automobile coating samples in the simulation experiment are consistent with those of the particles and automobile coating samples in the multi-particle impact condition.
10. The high-efficiency simulation evaluation system for the stone-impact resistance of the automobile coating is characterized by comprising a first construction module, an output module, a second construction module and an evaluation module;
the first construction module is used for constructing a single-particle impact failure finite element analysis model, and the single-particle impact failure finite element analysis model is used for carrying out simulation experiments on single-particle impact of the automobile coating sample;
the output module is used for acquiring multiple groups of single-particle impact speeds and impact angles and outputting multiple groups of single-particle impact damage areas based on the simulation experiment;
the second construction module is used for constructing a three-dimensional curved surface model by taking the multiple groups of single-particle impact damage areas as discrete data points, and the three-dimensional curved surface model is used for calculating the impact damage area of each particle in a multi-particle impact working condition;
and the evaluation module is used for finishing the high-efficiency simulation evaluation of the stone-impact resistance of the automobile coating according to the impact damage area of each particle.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114564901A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-05-31 | 华南理工大学 | Simulation evaluation method for stone-impact resistance of automobile coating by combining random function |
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