CN114020047A - Optimization method for inclination angle and orientation of photovoltaic module in distributed photovoltaic power station - Google Patents
Optimization method for inclination angle and orientation of photovoltaic module in distributed photovoltaic power station Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114020047A CN114020047A CN202111225651.7A CN202111225651A CN114020047A CN 114020047 A CN114020047 A CN 114020047A CN 202111225651 A CN202111225651 A CN 202111225651A CN 114020047 A CN114020047 A CN 114020047A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- data
- photovoltaic
- irradiance
- orientation
- module
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100511466 Caenorhabditis elegans lon-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150044140 Slc7a5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for optimizing the inclination angle and orientation of a photovoltaic module in a distributed photovoltaic power station, which comprises the following steps: acquiring initial data and related data, wherein the initial data comprises a photovoltaic assembly inclination angle, a photovoltaic assembly orientation azimuth angle and photovoltaic assembly installed power, and the related data comprises meteorological data, assembly temperature, current, voltage and recording time of each datum; matching common time points according to the recording time of each data, processing the related data, and obtaining an empirical formula among the data through a fitting formula; and acquiring the orientation azimuth angle and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module with the highest local photovoltaic array efficiency. The optimization method for the inclination angle and orientation of the photovoltaic module in the distributed photovoltaic power station can effectively evaluate the influence of the orientation and the inclination angle of the array on the received irradiation amount, is convenient for optimizing the inclination angle and the orientation of the photovoltaic module in the distributed photovoltaic power station, and has the advantage of convenience and quickness in operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a method for optimizing the inclination angle and orientation of a photovoltaic module in a distributed photovoltaic power station.
Background
The photovoltaic array is the connection of a plurality of photovoltaic modules and also the connection of more photovoltaic cells, and is the largest-scale photovoltaic power generation system. When designing a photovoltaic array, in order to enable the array to output as much energy as possible, the photovoltaic module needs to obtain as much radiation energy as possible, and the problem is solved by considering the orientation angle of the photovoltaic array and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module in addition to the material of the photovoltaic module. It is therefore a very considerable problem to optimize the azimuth angle of orientation of the photovoltaic array and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for optimizing the inclination angle and orientation of a photovoltaic module in a distributed photovoltaic power station, which solves one or more of the problems in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a method for optimizing the inclination angle and orientation of a photovoltaic module in a distributed photovoltaic power station, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring initial data and related data, wherein the initial data comprises a photovoltaic assembly inclination angle, a photovoltaic assembly orientation azimuth angle and photovoltaic assembly installed power, the related data comprises meteorological data, assembly temperature, current, voltage and recording time of each datum, and the meteorological data comprises ambient temperature, horizontal irradiance, horizontal scattering irradiance, wind speed and assembly inclined plane irradiance;
matching common time points according to the recording time of each datum, wherein the common time points comprise a starting time point and an ending time point, processing the related data, and obtaining an empirical formula among the data through a fitting formula;
and obtaining the orientation azimuth angle and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module with the highest local photovoltaic array efficiency by using an empirical formula.
In some embodiments, the processing the relevant data further comprises obtaining an incident angle of the sunlight on the surface of the photovoltaic module, and the obtaining the incident angle of the sunlight on the surface of the photovoltaic module comprises:
calculating a solar altitude angle and a solar azimuth angle, and acquiring the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle as well as time, longitude and latitude according to the recording time of current and voltage;
drawing a plane according to the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module and the orientation angle of the photovoltaic module, drawing rays according to the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle, enabling the rays to be intersected with the plane, and measuring the incident angle of the rays on the plane, wherein the incident angle is the incident angle of sunlight on the surface of the photovoltaic module;
and compiling the recording time of the incident angle of the sunlight on the surface of the photovoltaic module corresponding to the current and the voltage into relevant data.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the substrate is,
the starting time point is selected as the recording time corresponding to the latest acquired data in the relevant data of the current day;
the end time point is selected as the recording time corresponding to the earliest end data in the relevant data of the current day;
the time period between the start time point and the end time point is a common time period,
the processing related data are: and extracting related data in the common time period according to the recording time of each data, and compiling the related data in the common time period and the initial data into a table.
In some embodiments, the generated power per W of photovoltaic modules of the photovoltaic array at different orientation azimuths of the photovoltaic modules and the inclination angles of the photovoltaic modules is calculated through empirical formulas, and the orientation azimuths of the photovoltaic modules and the inclination angles of the photovoltaic modules at the time when the generated power per W of the photovoltaic modules is the maximum, i.e., the efficiency of the local photovoltaic array is the highest, are obtained by comparing the generated power per W of the photovoltaic modules.
In some embodiments, the empirical formula includes:
a relational expression of irradiance of an inclined plane of the component, horizontal scattering irradiance and sunlight incidence feet;
a relational expression of the component temperature, the irradiance of the inclined plane, the wind speed and the ambient temperature;
and a relational expression of the generated power of each photovoltaic component, the irradiance of the inclined plane and the temperature of the component.
In some embodiments, the ambient temperature is set to Ta, the horizontal irradiance Hh, the horizontal diffuse irradiance Hd, the component tilt plane irradiance Ht, the component temperature Tp, the current Ip, the voltage Vp, the photovoltaic component power P,
the specific processing method of the relation expression Ht of the irradiance Ht on the inclined plane of the component, the horizontal scattering irradiance Hd and the solar incident pin As is As follows:
calculating the ratio of Hd to Hh, namely the total scattering ratio Rdh;
taking As As a first keyword and Rdh As a second keyword for the data of Rdh, Ht, Hh, Hd and As, wherein the first keyword is prior to the second keyword, and the data is sorted from small to large according to the priority relationship and the corresponding numerical values of the first keyword and the second keyword;
dividing As data into a plurality of sections, and segmenting Rdh, Ht, Hh and Hd together to form data sections;
dividing Rdh data into several segments in each data segment, so as to segment other corresponding data together, thus obtaining at least 50 sub-data segments; the more As and Rdh segmented, the higher the accuracy;
each sub data segment comprises Rdh, Ht, Hh, Hd and As, and Ht (F) (Hh) in each sub data segment is calculated by adopting a fitting formula;
the upper and lower As limits, the upper and lower Rdh limits, and Ht ═ F (Hh) of each sub-data segment are recorded in a table.
In some embodiments, the ambient temperature is set to Ta, the horizontal irradiance Hh, the horizontal diffuse irradiance Hd, the component tilt plane irradiance Ht, the component temperature Tp, the current Ip, the voltage Vp, the photovoltaic component power P,
the specific processing method of the relational expression Tp of the component temperature Tp, the inclined surface irradiance Ht, the wind speed Vw and the environment temperature Ta, wherein the relational expression Tp is F (Ht, Vw and Ta), comprises the following steps:
obtaining a simplified relational expression of the component temperature Tp, the inclined surface irradiance Ht, the wind speed Vw and the environment temperature Ta, wherein Tp is equal to F (Ht, Vw) + Ta;
sorting the Tp, Ht, Vw and Ta data from small to large by taking Vw as a key word;
dividing the Vw data into a plurality of sections of data according to the size, and segmenting Tp, Ht and Ta together;
in each data segment, Tp ═ f (ht) + Ta of each segment is obtained by a method using a fitting equation.
In some embodiments, the ambient temperature is set to Ta, the horizontal irradiance Hh, the horizontal diffuse irradiance Hd, the component tilt plane irradiance Ht, the component temperature Tp, the current Ip, the voltage Vp, the photovoltaic component power P,
the specific processing method comprises the following steps of (1) setting a relational expression P of the generated power P of each W photovoltaic module, the inclined plane irradiance Ht and the module temperature Tp to be F (Ht, Tp):
sorting the P, Ht and Tp data from small to large by taking Tp as a keyword;
dividing Tp data into not less than 10 segments of data according to the size, and segmenting P, Ht together, wherein the more Tp segments, the higher the precision, but the larger the data volume;
in each section of data, obtaining P ═ F (Ht) of each section by using a method of a fitting formula;
tp upper and lower limits, P ═ F (Ht), of each data segment are recorded in a table.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an optimization system of a method for optimizing the inclination angle and orientation of a photovoltaic module in a distributed photovoltaic power station, which comprises the photovoltaic module connected with a power grid, a meteorological station device, an intelligent terminal device and a measurement module, wherein the measurement module is connected with the photovoltaic module, the meteorological station device and the measurement module are both connected with the intelligent terminal device, and the measurement module comprises a current meter and a voltmeter, wherein the current meter and the voltmeter are arranged in the measurement module, and the inclination angle and the orientation of the photovoltaic module are optimized by the optimization system
The meteorological station equipment is used for testing the ambient temperature, the horizontal irradiance, the irradiance of an inclined plane of the assembly, the horizontal scattering irradiance and the wind speed;
the ammeter and the voltmeter in the measuring assembly are respectively used for detecting the current and the voltage on a circuit of the photovoltaic assembly connected with the power grid;
the intelligent terminal device is used for reading and processing the data information detected by the weather station device and the measuring component, executing the optimization method stated in the first aspect, and displaying.
In some embodiments, a temperature probe connected to the intelligent terminal device is disposed on the back plate of the photovoltaic module, the temperature probe is used for measuring the temperature of the photovoltaic module, and the intelligent terminal device reads the temperature measured by the temperature probe.
The method for optimizing the inclination angle and orientation of the photovoltaic module in the distributed photovoltaic power station has the advantages that:
the method is convenient to operate and use, the simulation result is reliable, the influence of the array orientation and the inclination angle on the received irradiation amount can be effectively evaluated through the optimization method of the inclination angle and the orientation of the photovoltaic assembly in the distributed photovoltaic power station, and the optimization of the inclination angle and the orientation of the photovoltaic assembly in the distributed photovoltaic power station is facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a method for optimizing the inclination and orientation of photovoltaic modules in a distributed photovoltaic power plant according to some embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a photovoltaic module at an angle to the horizontal in some embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the photovoltaic module oriented at an angle to the south-plus-center direction in some embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further clarify the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are for simplicity and easy reading of the structural frame and do not limit the true object of the present invention.
With reference to the content shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a system for optimizing the inclination angle and orientation of a photovoltaic module in a distributed photovoltaic power station, which includes a photovoltaic module 1 connected to a power grid 7, a weather station device 2, an intelligent terminal device 3 (for example, a computer, a mobile phone, etc.), and a measurement module, where the measurement module is connected to the photovoltaic module 1, a temperature probe connected to the intelligent terminal device 3 is disposed on a back plate of the photovoltaic module 1, both the weather station device 2 and the measurement module are connected to the intelligent terminal device 3, and the measurement module includes an ammeter 4 and a voltmeter 5, where
The meteorological station equipment 2 is used for testing the ambient temperature, the horizontal irradiance, the irradiance on the inclined plane of the component, the horizontal scattering irradiance and the wind speed, the meteorological station equipment 2 comprises an irradiator which has the same direction and the same inclination angle as the photovoltaic component 1, and the irradiator is used for measuring the irradiance on the inclined plane of the component;
an ammeter 4 and a voltmeter 5 in the measuring assembly are respectively used for detecting the current and the voltage on a circuit connecting the photovoltaic assembly 1 and a power grid 7;
the temperature probe is used for measuring the assembly temperature of the photovoltaic assembly 1;
the intelligent terminal device 3 is used for reading and processing data information detected by the meteorological station device 2, the measuring component and the temperature probe, executing an optimization method of the inclination angle and orientation of the photovoltaic component in the distributed photovoltaic power station, and displaying the data information.
The optimization system for the inclination angle and the orientation of the photovoltaic modules in the distributed photovoltaic power station further comprises a horizontal angle meter and an orientation acquisition device, wherein the orientation acquisition device is a satellite map or a compass,
with reference to the content shown in fig. 2, the horizontal angle meter is used for measuring an included angle between the photovoltaic module 1 and a horizontal plane on site as an angle At, namely, a photovoltaic module inclination angle;
the orientation acquisition device is used for acquiring the orientation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic module, and in combination with the content shown in fig. 3, the included angle between the orientation of the photovoltaic module and the positive south direction is an angle Ao, namely the orientation azimuth angle of the photovoltaic module, the east is positive, and the west is negative.
The method for optimizing the inclination angle and orientation of the photovoltaic module in the distributed photovoltaic power station is implemented by using the optimization system for the inclination angle and orientation of the photovoltaic module in the distributed photovoltaic power station, and comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring initial data, and inputting the initial data into the intelligent terminal device 3, wherein the initial data comprises a photovoltaic module inclination angle At (data unit is:), a photovoltaic module orientation azimuth angle Ao (data unit is:), and a photovoltaic module installed power Pe (data unit is W), and the photovoltaic module installed power is acquired through a photovoltaic module nameplate.
S2, collecting related data, wherein the inclination angle and orientation range of the photovoltaic assembly are too large to be tested one by one, so that the related data when the photovoltaic assembly with a fixed inclination angle and orientation is measured in one year or more time period is taken as related data, the related data comprises meteorological data, assembly temperature Tp (data unit is:. degree. C.), 12-bit coded data corresponding to current and voltage, and recording time of each data, and the meteorological data comprises environment temperature Ta (data unit is:. degree. C.), horizontal irradiance Hh (data unit is: KW/m)2) Irradiance Ht (on the inclined plane of the component)The data unit is: KW/m2) Horizontal scattering irradiance Hd (data unit: KW/m2) Wind speed Vw (data unit: m/s);
the environmental temperature Ta, the horizontal irradiance Hh, the irradiance Ht of the inclined surface of the component, the horizontal scattering irradiance Hd and the wind speed Vw are collected by the meteorological station equipment 2, the recording time is correspondingly recorded during collection, and the collection time interval is set to be 60 s;
collecting the temperature Tp of the assembly through a temperature probe, wherein the collecting time corresponds to the recording time, and the collecting time interval is set to be 60 s;
12-bit coded data corresponding to the current and the voltage are respectively collected through an ammeter 4 and a voltmeter 5, the recording time is recorded when the data are collected, and the time interval of the collection is set to be 3S.
S3, transmitting the relevant data, transmitting the collected relevant data to the intelligent terminal device 3,
converting 12-bit coded data acquired by a voltmeter 5 into voltage data with an interval of 3s according to a rule provided by a voltmeter manufacturer, selecting the converted voltage data within 30s before and after the time based on the recording time of the meteorological station equipment 2 with similar time, calculating the average value of the converted voltage data to obtain direct current voltage Vp (the data unit is V) with a time interval of 60s,
converting 12-bit coded data acquired by an ammeter 4 into current data with an interval of 3s according to a rule provided by an ammeter manufacturer, selecting the converted current data in 30s before and after the time change based on the recording time of the meteorological station equipment 2 with similar time, calculating the average value of the converted current data to obtain direct current Ip (the data unit is A) with a time interval of 60s,
the generating power P (data unit is W) of each W photovoltaic module is obtained, the direct current voltage Vp is multiplied by the direct current Ip, and then the product power Pe is divided to obtain the generating power P of each W photovoltaic module,
acquiring an incident angle As of sunlight on the surface of the photovoltaic module according to the recording time of the direct current Ip and the direct voltage Vp, wherein the specific acquisition method comprises the following steps:
s3.1, calculating the solar altitude A according to a solar radiation calculation methodhsunAnd sun azimuth angle Aosun:
Ahsun＝F(t，Lon，Lat)，
Aosun＝F(t，Lon，Lat)
In the above formula, t is the recording time of the direct current Ip and the direct voltage Vp, Lon is the local longitude, and Lat is the local latitude;
the specific process is as follows:
1) calculating the local time tlo＝(Lon÷15-8)÷24+t
2) Calculating product day N ═ tloSecond of 86400+ tloScore of (2) ÷ 1440+ tloHour number of ÷ 24 +
Until tloThe number of days that have been spent in the year, e.g. 31 days in the year as long as 2 months and 1 day
3) Calculating the daily angle theta 2 pi (N-79.6764+0.2422 x (t)loYear of (1985) -INT ((t)loYear of (1985) ÷ 4)
4) Calculating true solar time tsunAnd local time tloTime difference oft＝0.0028-1.9857sinθ+9.9059sin2θ-7.0924cosθ-0.6882cos2θ，EtIn units of minutes
5) Calculating true solar time tsun＝tlo+Et
6) Calculating declination angle
ED＝0.3723+23.2567sinθ+0.1149sin2θ-0.1712sin3θ-0.758cosθ+0.3656cos2θ+0.0201cos3θ
7) Calculating the time angle ω ═ ((t)sunSecond ÷ 3600+ tsunFraction of ÷ 60+ tsunHours) -12) x 15
8) Calculating the altitude Ahsun＝asin(sinLat×sinED+cosLat×cosED×cosω)
9) Calculate the azimuth Aosun＝asin(cosED×sinω÷cosAhsun)
S3.2, drawing a plane according to the inclination angle At and the orientation Ao of the photovoltaic module by using three-dimensional drawing software and according to the solar altitude AhsunAnd sun azimuth angle AosunDrawing a ray, enabling the ray to be intersected with the plane, and measuring an incident angle of the ray on the plane, wherein the incident angle is As;
s3.3, obtaining a relation As ═ F (At, Ao, A) according to the three-dimensional geometrical relation in S3.2hsun,Aosun)；
The specific calculation process is as follows:
1) calculating an intermediate parameter Xpv ═ cosAo × sinAt;
2) calculating an intermediate parameter Ypv sinAo × sinAt;
3) calculating an intermediate parameter Zpv ═ cosAt;
4) calculating the intermediate parameter Zsun ═ -sinAhsun；
5) Calculating the intermediate parameter Xsun ═ cosAosun×cosAhsun；
6) Calculating an intermediate parameter Ysun ═ sinAosun×cosAhsun；
7) Calculating an angle of incidence
And S3.4, calculating according to the relational expression in the S3.3 to obtain As data with the interval of 60S.
The direct current Ip, the direct current voltage Vp, the ambient temperature Ta, the horizontal irradiance Hh, the component inclined plane irradiance Ht, the horizontal scattering irradiance Hd, the wind speed Vw, the component temperature Tp, the photovoltaic component power generation P per W, the incident angle of sunlight on the surface of the photovoltaic component As, and the recording time of each data are combined to form relevant data.
And S4, sorting the data, matching common time points according to the recording time of each data, wherein the common time points comprise a starting time point and an ending time point, the time period between the starting time point and the ending time point is a common time period (comprising the starting time point and the ending time point), extracting related data in the common time period, combining the related data with the initial data to form experimental data, and sorting and compiling the experimental data into a table.
S5, obtaining an empirical formula, reading each data in the table, and obtaining the empirical formula among each data, wherein the empirical formula comprises:
5.1, a relational expression Ht of the irradiance Ht on the inclined plane of the component, the horizontal scattering irradiance Hd and the sunlight incidence foot As is F (Hh, Ht and As), and the specific processing method comprises the following steps:
s5.1.1, calculating the ratio of Hd to Hh, namely the total scattering ratio Rdh;
s5.1.2, taking As As a first keyword and Rdh As a second keyword for the data of Rdh, Ht, Hh, Hd and As, wherein the first keyword is prior to the second keyword, and the data are sorted from small to large according to the priority relationship and the corresponding numerical values of the first keyword and the second keyword;
s5.1.3, dividing As data into several segments (no less than 10 segments) to segment Rdh, Ht, Hh and Hd together to form data segments;
s5.1.4, dividing Rdh data into a plurality of segments (not less than 5 segments) in each data segment, and segmenting other corresponding data together to obtain at least 50 sub-data segments; the more As and Rdh segmented, the higher the accuracy;
s5.1.5, each segment of sub-data segment includes Rdh, Ht, Hh, Hd, As, and the fitting formula is adopted to calculate Ht ═ F (Hh) in each sub-data segment, and the fitting formula style is Ht ═ a × Hh + b × Hh2+c×Hh3+d×Hh4A, b, c and d are constant parameters obtained by fitting each data segment;
s5.1.6, dividing the sub data into upper and lower As limits, upper and lower Rdh limits, Ht (F) (Hh) a × Hh + b × Hh2+c×Hh3+d×Hh4Recording to form a table;
5.2, a relational expression Tp of the component temperature Tp, the inclined surface irradiance Ht, the wind speed Vw and the environment temperature Ta is equal to F (Ht, Vw and Ta), and the specific processing method comprises the following steps:
s5.2.1, knowing that the component temperature Tp is necessarily the ambient temperature Ta plus the influence of the inclined surface irradiance Ht and the wind speed Vw, the simplified relational expression of the component temperature Tp, the inclined surface irradiance Ht, the wind speed Vw and the ambient temperature Ta is Tp ═ F (Ht, Vw) + Ta;
s5.2.2, sorting the Tp, Ht, Vw and Ta data from small to large by taking Vw as a key word;
s5.2.3, dividing the Vw data into not less than 5 segments according to the size, thereby segmenting Tp, Ht and Ta together, wherein the range of the wind speed Vw data is generally small, so that the number of segments does not need to be too many;
s5.2.4, in each Vw data segment, obtaining Tp ═ F (Ht) + Ta of each segment by using a method of a fitting formula; the specific form of Tp ═ f (Ht) + Ta is Tp ═ a ═ Ht + b × (Ht) + Ta2+c*Ht3+d*Ht4+ Ta, a, b, c, d are parameters obtained by fitting each Vw data segment data, and are not single fixed values;
5.3, a relational expression P of the generated power P of each W photovoltaic module, the inclined plane irradiance Ht and the module temperature Tp is equal to F (Ht, Tp), and the specific processing method comprises the following steps:
s5.3.1, sorting the P, Ht and Tp data from small to large by taking Tp as a keyword;
s5.3.2, dividing the Tp data into not less than 10 data according to the size, so as to segment P, Ht together, wherein the more Tp segments, the higher the precision, but the larger the data size;
s5.3.3, obtaining P ═ F (Ht) of each segment in each segment data by a method using a fitting equation
+Ta＝a*Ht+b*Ht2+c*Ht3+d*Ht4+Ta；
S5.3.4, dividing the upper limit and the lower limit of Tp, P ═ F (Ht) ═ a × Ht + b × Ht of each data segment2+c*Ht3+d*Ht4+ Ta is reported as a table.
S6, obtaining the orientation and inclination angle with the highest local photovoltaic array efficiency, wherein the simulation calculation process comprises the following steps:
s6.1, importing longitude and latitude Lon1 and Lat1 of a certain place, meteorological data of the whole year, a photovoltaic array inclination angle At1 (the data unit is:%), a photovoltaic array orientation azimuth angle Ao1 (the data unit is:%), and meteorological data of the whole year comprise horizontal irradiance Hh1 (the data unit is KW/m:): KW/m)2) Horizontal scattering irradiance Hd1 (data units: KW/m2) Ambient temperature Ta1 (data unit: c), wind speed Vw1 (data units: m/s), the data time interval is more than or equal to 1 h;
s6.2, optionally selecting initial values of the tilt angles At1 and Ao1 of the photovoltaic array, where At1 is 0 and Ao1 is 0;
s6.3, calculating by turns (At1 is constant, Ao1 is constant), (At1+1, Ao1 is constant), (At1-1, Ao1 is constant), (At1 is constant, Ao1+1), (At1 is constant, Ao1-1) five cases of sigma P, finding the direction in which sigma P is maximally changed, for example: at1+1, when Ao1 is unchanged, Σ P is maximum, At1+1, Ao1 replace the original At1 and Ao1 respectively, the new At1 is 1, Ao1 is 0, the maximum variation direction of Σ P is the direction in which the inclination angle increases from the initial value, and the analog calculation process for calculating P is as follows:
s6.3.1, As ═ F (At, Ao, A) At the time of meteorological datahsun,Aosun) The sunlight incident angle As1 was calculated for each data time point (data unit: degree);
s6.3.2, calculating the irradiance Ht1 (data unit: KW/m) of the photovoltaic array surface at each data time point by using Ht ═ F (Hh, Ht, As)2)；
S6.3.3, calculating the component temperature Tp1 (data unit:. degree. C.) of the photovoltaic array at each data time point using Tp ═ F (Ht, Vw, Ta);
s6.3.4, calculating the power generation power P1 (data unit: W) of the photovoltaic module per W at each data time point by using P ═ F (Ht, Tp);
s6.3.5, accumulating Ht1 and P1 according to time intervals to obtain the total annual irradiation dosage Sigma Ht of the photovoltaic array (data unit: KWh/m)2) And the annual accumulated power generation amount sigma P of each W photovoltaic module (the data unit is: KWh);
s6.4, calculating sigma P in four cases (At1 is unchanged, Ao1 is unchanged), (At1+1, Ao1 is unchanged), (At1 is unchanged, Ao1+1), (At1 is unchanged, Ao1-1) on the basis of the determined new At1 and Ao1 according to the sigma P maximum change direction determined in S6.3, without calculating the case of At1-1 (because this is a reverse case, which does not correspond to the sigma P maximum change direction determined in S6.3), finding a case in which the sigma P maximum change direction is made, for example: at1 is not changed, Ao1+1) when Σ P is maximum, At1 is 1, Ao1 is 1, the maximum variation direction of Σ P is the direction in which the inclination angle becomes larger from this value, and the steps are repeated until a set of At1 and Ao1 is found so that Σ P corresponding to this value is larger than Σ P corresponding to the other schemes, where At1 and Ao1 are the optimum inclination angle and orientation angle of the local photovoltaic array.
The calculation principle of S6 is that according to the rule of influence of the inclination and orientation of the photovoltaic array on the power generation of the array (the photovoltaic array only has a combination of an optimal inclination and orientation in a region, and does not have a local extreme value), the optimal inclination and orientation can be found finally by only continuously changing the inclination and orientation and finding a changing direction that increases the power generation.
The related data in the optimization method of the inclination angle and the orientation of the photovoltaic modules in the distributed photovoltaic power station are processed by C # and EXCEL VBA compiled algorithms.
The foregoing is only a preferred form of the invention and it should be noted that several similar variations and modifications could be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept and these should also be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for optimizing the inclination angle and orientation of a photovoltaic module in a distributed photovoltaic power station is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring initial data and related data, wherein the initial data comprises a photovoltaic assembly inclination angle, a photovoltaic assembly orientation azimuth angle and photovoltaic assembly installed power, the related data comprises meteorological data, assembly temperature, current, voltage and recording time of each datum, and the meteorological data comprises ambient temperature, horizontal irradiance, horizontal scattering irradiance, wind speed and assembly inclined plane irradiance;
matching common time points according to the recording time of each datum, wherein the common time points comprise a starting time point and an ending time point, processing the related data, and obtaining an empirical formula among the data through a fitting formula;
and obtaining the orientation azimuth angle and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module with the highest local photovoltaic array efficiency by using an empirical formula.
2. The method for optimizing the inclination angle and orientation of the photovoltaic modules in the distributed photovoltaic power plant of claim 1, wherein the step of processing the relevant data further comprises the step of obtaining the incident angle of the sunlight on the surface of the photovoltaic modules, and the step of obtaining the incident angle of the sunlight on the surface of the photovoltaic modules comprises the following steps:
calculating a solar altitude angle and a solar azimuth angle, and acquiring the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle as well as time, longitude and latitude according to the recording time of current and voltage;
drawing a plane according to the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module and the orientation angle of the photovoltaic module, drawing rays according to the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle, enabling the rays to be intersected with the plane, and measuring the incident angle of the rays on the plane, wherein the incident angle is the incident angle of sunlight on the surface of the photovoltaic module;
and compiling the recording time of the incident angle of the sunlight on the surface of the photovoltaic module corresponding to the current and the voltage into relevant data.
3. The method of optimizing photovoltaic module tilt and orientation in a distributed photovoltaic power plant of claim 2 wherein,
the starting time point is selected as the recording time corresponding to the latest acquired data in the relevant data of the current day;
the end time point is selected as the recording time corresponding to the earliest end data in the relevant data of the current day;
the time period between the start time point and the end time point is a common time period,
the processing related data are: and extracting related data in the common time period according to the recording time of each data, and compiling the related data in the common time period and the initial data into a table.
4. The method for optimizing the inclination and orientation of photovoltaic modules in a distributed photovoltaic power plant of claim 3, wherein the azimuth angle of orientation of the photovoltaic modules and the power generation per W of the photovoltaic modules at the inclination angle of the photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic array are calculated by an empirical formula, and the azimuth angle of orientation of the photovoltaic modules and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic modules at which the power generation per W of the photovoltaic modules is the maximum, i.e. the highest efficiency of the local photovoltaic array, are obtained by comparing the power generation per W of the photovoltaic modules.
5. The method of optimizing photovoltaic module tilt and orientation in a distributed photovoltaic power plant of claim 4 wherein the empirical formula comprises:
a relational expression of irradiance of an inclined plane of the component, horizontal scattering irradiance and sunlight incidence feet;
a relational expression of the component temperature, the irradiance of the inclined plane, the wind speed and the ambient temperature;
and a relational expression of the generated power of each photovoltaic component, the irradiance of the inclined plane and the temperature of the component.
6. The method of claim 5 for optimizing the tilt and orientation of photovoltaic modules in a distributed photovoltaic power plant wherein the ambient temperature is set to Ta, horizontal irradiance Hh, horizontal diffuse irradiance Hd, module tilt irradiance Ht, module temperature Tp, current Ip, voltage Vp, photovoltaic module power P,
the specific processing method of the relation expression Ht of the irradiance Ht on the inclined plane of the component, the horizontal scattering irradiance Hd and the solar incident pin As is As follows:
calculating the ratio of Hd to Hh, namely the total scattering ratio Rdh;
taking As As a first keyword and Rdh As a second keyword for the data of Rdh, Ht, Hh, Hd and As, wherein the first keyword is prior to the second keyword, and the data is sorted from small to large according to the priority relationship and the corresponding numerical values of the first keyword and the second keyword;
dividing As data into a plurality of sections, and segmenting Rdh, Ht, Hh and Hd together to form data sections;
dividing Rdh data into several segments in each data segment, so as to segment other corresponding data together, thus obtaining at least 50 sub-data segments; the more As and Rdh segmented, the higher the accuracy;
each sub data segment comprises Rdh, Ht, Hh, Hd and As, and Ht (F) (Hh) in each sub data segment is calculated by adopting a fitting formula;
the upper and lower As limits, the upper and lower Rdh limits, and Ht ═ F (Hh) of each sub-data segment are recorded in a table.
7. The method of claim 5 for optimizing the tilt and orientation of photovoltaic modules in a distributed photovoltaic power plant wherein the ambient temperature is set to Ta, horizontal irradiance Hh, horizontal diffuse irradiance Hd, module tilt irradiance Ht, module temperature Tp, current Ip, voltage Vp, photovoltaic module power P,
the specific processing method of the relational expression Tp of the component temperature Tp, the inclined surface irradiance Ht, the wind speed Vw and the environment temperature Ta, wherein the relational expression Tp is F (Ht, Vw and Ta), comprises the following steps:
obtaining a simplified relational expression of the component temperature Tp, the inclined surface irradiance Ht, the wind speed Vw and the environment temperature Ta, wherein Tp is equal to F (Ht, Vw) + Ta;
sorting the Tp, Ht, Vw and Ta data from small to large by taking Vw as a key word;
dividing the Vw data into a plurality of sections of data according to the size, and segmenting Tp, Ht and Ta together;
in each data segment, Tp ═ f (ht) + Ta of each segment is obtained by a method using a fitting equation.
8. The method of claim 5 for optimizing the tilt and orientation of photovoltaic modules in a distributed photovoltaic power plant wherein the ambient temperature is set to Ta, horizontal irradiance Hh, horizontal diffuse irradiance Hd, module tilt irradiance Ht, module temperature Tp, current Ip, voltage Vp, photovoltaic module power P,
the specific processing method comprises the following steps of (1) setting a relational expression P of the generated power P of each W photovoltaic module, the inclined plane irradiance Ht and the module temperature Tp to be F (Ht, Tp):
sorting the P, Ht and Tp data from small to large by taking Tp as a keyword;
dividing Tp data into not less than 10 segments of data according to the size, and segmenting P, Ht together, wherein the more Tp segments, the higher the precision, but the larger the data volume;
in each section of data, obtaining P ═ F (Ht) of each section by using a method of a fitting formula;
tp upper and lower limits, P ═ F (Ht), of each data segment are recorded in a table.
9. The optimization system for the inclination angle and orientation of the photovoltaic module in the distributed photovoltaic power station is characterized by comprising the photovoltaic module (1) connected with a power grid (7), weather station equipment (2), intelligent terminal equipment (3) and a measuring component, wherein the measuring component is connected with the photovoltaic module (1), the weather station equipment (2) and the measuring component are both connected with the intelligent terminal equipment (3), and the measuring component comprises an ammeter (4) and a voltmeter (5), wherein
The meteorological station equipment (2) is used for testing the ambient temperature, the horizontal irradiance, the irradiance of an inclined plane of the component, the horizontal scattering irradiance and the wind speed;
an ammeter (4) and a voltmeter (5) in the measuring assembly are respectively used for detecting the current and the voltage on a circuit connected with the photovoltaic assembly (1) and a power grid (7);
the intelligent terminal device (3) is used for reading and processing the data information detected by the weather station device (2) and the measuring component, executing the optimization method recited in any one of claims 1 to 6, and displaying the data information.
10. The system for optimizing the inclination angle and orientation of the photovoltaic modules in the distributed photovoltaic power station as claimed in claim 9, wherein a temperature probe connected with the intelligent terminal device (3) is arranged on a back plate of the photovoltaic modules (1), the temperature probe is used for measuring the temperature of the photovoltaic modules (1), and the intelligent terminal device (3) reads the temperature measured by the temperature probe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111225651.7A CN114020047A (en) | 2021-10-21 | 2021-10-21 | Optimization method for inclination angle and orientation of photovoltaic module in distributed photovoltaic power station |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111225651.7A CN114020047A (en) | 2021-10-21 | 2021-10-21 | Optimization method for inclination angle and orientation of photovoltaic module in distributed photovoltaic power station |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114020047A true CN114020047A (en) | 2022-02-08 |
Family
ID=80056816
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111225651.7A Pending CN114020047A (en) | 2021-10-21 | 2021-10-21 | Optimization method for inclination angle and orientation of photovoltaic module in distributed photovoltaic power station |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114020047A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113075940A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-07-06 | 阳光电源（上海）有限公司 | Photovoltaic string tracking support control method and related device |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102013701A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2011-04-13 | 青海电力科学试验研究院 | Method for calculating photovoltaic power generation accepting capability of power grid of high-altitude region |
| CN106203711A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-12-07 | 上海宝钢节能环保技术有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic power station component installs computational methods and the system of optimum angle of incidence |
| US10140401B1 (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2018-11-27 | Clean Power Research, L.L.C. | System and method for inferring a photovoltaic system configuration specification with the aid of a digital computer |
| EP3845985A1 (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-07 | ABB Schweiz AG | Method for estimating configuration parameters of a photovoltaic array |
| CN116402206A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-07-07 | 华能新能源股份有限公司山西分公司 | Roof distributed photovoltaic power generation capacity optimization calculation method |
-
2021
- 2021-10-21 CN CN202111225651.7A patent/CN114020047A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102013701A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2011-04-13 | 青海电力科学试验研究院 | Method for calculating photovoltaic power generation accepting capability of power grid of high-altitude region |
| US10140401B1 (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2018-11-27 | Clean Power Research, L.L.C. | System and method for inferring a photovoltaic system configuration specification with the aid of a digital computer |
| CN106203711A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-12-07 | 上海宝钢节能环保技术有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic power station component installs computational methods and the system of optimum angle of incidence |
| EP3845985A1 (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-07 | ABB Schweiz AG | Method for estimating configuration parameters of a photovoltaic array |
| CN116402206A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-07-07 | 华能新能源股份有限公司山西分公司 | Roof distributed photovoltaic power generation capacity optimization calculation method |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘耀武: "光伏发电系统中陕西省太阳辐射量分析", 纺织高校基础科学学报, 30 June 2018 (2018-06-30), pages 211 - 216 * |
| 姚万祥: "各种天气状况下太阳辐射照度与太阳光照度关系", 同济大学学报(自然科学版), 31 May 2013 (2013-05-31), pages 784 - 787 * |
| 李潇潇;赵争鸣;田春宁;鞠振河;: "基于统计分析的光伏并网发电系统最佳倾角的计算与实验研究", 电气技术, no. 08 * |
| 杨洁;成珂;吴双娥;: "吕梁市光伏系统最佳倾角的优化选择", 能源与节能, no. 06 * |
| 王炳楠: "中国典型Ⅰ类辐照地区的光伏并网逆变器性能评价方法", 电力系统自动化, 25 June 2020 (2020-06-25), pages 139 - 145 * |
| 赵大乐;龚春景;王思平;冯云岗;: "固定式光伏阵列安装方位角对发电量影响的研究", 电力与能源, no. 05 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113075940A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-07-06 | 阳光电源（上海）有限公司 | Photovoltaic string tracking support control method and related device |
| CN113075940B (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-07-12 | 阳光电源（上海）有限公司 | Photovoltaic string tracking support control method and related device |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Mokheimer et al. | Modeling and optimization of hybrid wind–solar-powered reverse osmosis water desalination system in Saudi Arabia | |
| EP2856339B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for forecasting solar radiation and solar power production using synthetic irradiance imaging | |
| CN104182564B (en) | Photo-voltaic power generation station design specialist's system | |
| Mokheimer et al. | A new study for hybrid PV/wind off-grid power generation systems with the comparison of results from homer | |
| Usman et al. | A critical appraisal of pv-systems’ performance | |
| Palmero-Marrero et al. | Comparison of software prediction and measured performance of a grid-connected photovoltaic power plant | |
| CN101398454A (en) | Solar assembly test method and device thereof | |
| CN103778331B (en) | A kind of build the computational methods of solar energy resources in photovoltaic system | |
| Chakraborty et al. | Mathematical method to find best suited PV technology for different climatic zones of India | |
| CN114020047A (en) | Optimization method for inclination angle and orientation of photovoltaic module in distributed photovoltaic power station | |
| Kidmo et al. | Economic assessment of WECS for water pumping systems in the North Region of Cameroon | |
| Overen et al. | Solar energy resources and photovoltaic power potential of an underutilised region: a case of Alice, South Africa | |
| Cornaro et al. | Twenty-four hour solar irradiance forecast based on neural networks and numerical weather prediction | |
| Zaghba et al. | A combined theoretical and experimental performance analysis of a grid-tied photovoltaic system in semi-arid climate: a case study in Ghardaia, Algeria | |
| TW201419009A (en) | Prediction method for sun-tracking type photovoltaic system | |
| Bitirgen et al. | A comprehensive study on modeling of photovoltaic arrays and calculation of photovoltaic potential using digital elevation model | |
| Sinha et al. | Optimum tilt angles for maximum power generation by photovoltaic systems in western himalayan state Of himachal Pradesh, India | |
| Rodriguez et al. | Solar panel power simulation for shade detection | |
| CN114966892A (en) | Satellite-ground total radiation observation data matching and evaluating method, system, medium and equipment | |
| Agustira et al. | Data Logger System of Hybrid Renewable Energy System at Home-Scale | |
| Omar et al. | Temperature impacts on the performance parameters of grid‐connected PV systems based on field measurements in Palestine | |
| Rawat et al. | Performance Evaluation of 30.5 kWp On-Grid Solar System Using PVsyst | |
| Lehloka et al. | VALIDATING THE OPTIMUM TILT ANGLE FOR PV MODULES IN THE HIGHVELD OF SOUTH AFRICA FOR THE SUMMER SEASON | |
| Fahmi et al. | Analysis of PV Module Performance and Electrical Parameters Based on Different Tilt Angles | |
| Phap et al. | Investigation of Technical Potential of Rooftop Solar Power in Central Highlands, Vietnam |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |