CN114019280A - Disturbed analysis method and system for acquisition unit of electronic transformer - Google Patents
Disturbed analysis method and system for acquisition unit of electronic transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN114019280A CN114019280A CN202111295003.9A CN202111295003A CN114019280A CN 114019280 A CN114019280 A CN 114019280A CN 202111295003 A CN202111295003 A CN 202111295003A CN 114019280 A CN114019280 A CN 114019280A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/001—Measuring interference from external sources to, or emission from, the device under test, e.g. EMC, EMI, EMP or ESD testing
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a disturbed analysis method and a disturbed analysis system for an acquisition unit of an electronic transformer, wherein the method comprises the following steps: collecting a VFTC signal generated by the switching operation of a GIS system as an interference source signal; inputting the interference source signal into a simplified circuit of an acquisition unit of the electronic transformer, analyzing in a grading processing mode to obtain the output of each stage of circuit, and comparing and judging the output with a preset result to obtain a judgment result; and realizing fault positioning based on the judgment result, and completing disturbed analysis of the acquisition unit. The invention provides a simplified circuit of an acquisition unit based on an electronic transformer, and particularly provides an analysis method of conduction interference of the acquisition unit of the electronic transformer, which can analyze the interference condition and failure reasons of the electronic transformer in a transformer substation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of strong electromagnetic interference of high-voltage transformer substations, and particularly relates to a disturbed analysis method and system for an acquisition unit of an electronic transformer.
Background
Electromagnetic environments in a transformer substation are complex and various, electromagnetic environments in which secondary weak current equipment of the electronic transformer is located are severe, and electromagnetic interference can be generated when high-voltage switches are operated, short-circuit faults, lightning strikes, power frequency electric field magnetic fields, radios and the like, and the operation of the electronic transformer can be influenced. Illustratively, according to the actual operation statistics of the national power grid on the electronic transformer, the failure rate of the electronic transformer is up to 15% by 12 months in 2019, and the failure of a signal collector in an electronic transformer assembly is a main failure type.
The structural configuration of the intelligent substation is different from that of the traditional substation, and the electromagnetic environment of the intelligent substation is different from that of the traditional substation, so that the parameters set by the existing electromagnetic compatibility standard test cannot completely meet the actual working conditions of a site. Conventional electromagnetic compatibility immunity tests comprise harmonic and inter-harmonic immunity tests, surge (impulse) immunity tests, electric fast transient pulse group immunity tests, power frequency magnetic field immunity tests and the like. The test condition of a single parameter cannot reflect the electromagnetic interference level of a transformer substation site, so that although intelligent equipment such as an electronic transformer passes the electromagnetic compatibility test specified in the standard, the situation of high failure rate still exists on the site.
In summary, the transformer substation has strong electromagnetic interference, which makes a strong requirement on the immunity of the measuring device, and for the electronic transformer body installed in the transformer substation, besides observing whether data of the merging unit is lost or not and transmitting errors, many other parameters cannot be measured, so that it is very difficult to further analyze the failure reason and position of the electronic transformer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a disturbed analysis method and a disturbed analysis system for a collecting unit of an electronic transformer, so as to solve one or more technical problems. The invention provides a simplified circuit of an acquisition unit based on an electronic transformer, and particularly provides an analysis method of conduction interference of the acquisition unit of the electronic transformer, which can analyze the interference condition and failure reasons of the electronic transformer in a transformer substation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a disturbed analysis method of an acquisition unit of an electronic transformer, which comprises the following steps:
collecting a VFTC signal generated by the switching operation of a GIS system;
inputting the VFTC signal serving as an interference source signal into a simplified circuit of an acquisition unit of the electronic transformer, analyzing in a grading processing mode to obtain the output of each grade of circuit, and comparing and judging the output with a preset result to obtain a judgment result;
and realizing fault positioning based on the judgment result, and completing disturbed analysis of the acquisition unit.
The invention is further improved in that the GIS system is a system model established by an empirical model equivalent method.
The invention is further improved in that when the VFTC signal generated by the switch operation of the GIS system is collected, the signal collection is completed based on the electromagnetic induction of the Rogowski coil.
The invention is further improved in that the relationship between the sampling voltage output by the Rogowski coil and the measured current is,
wherein M is the mutual inductance of the coil, R0Is a coilEquivalent resistance, RsFor sampling the resistance, UsIs the output voltage.
The invention has the further improvement that the simplified circuit of the acquisition unit of the electronic transformer comprises an amplifying circuit, an integrating circuit, a filter circuit and a phase-shifting circuit; the amplifying circuit is used for amplifying a sampling signal of the Rogowski coil and outputting an amplified voltage signal; the integration circuit is used for integrating the amplified voltage signal and outputting a current signal; the filter circuit is used for filtering high-frequency noise of the current signal to obtain a filtered current signal; the phase shift circuit is used for correcting and outputting the phase-frequency characteristic of the filtered current signal.
A further improvement of the invention is that the integration circuit employs a passive-active cascaded integration circuit.
In a further improvement of the invention, in the passive-active cascade integrator circuit, the relationship between the input voltage and the output voltage is,
wherein R, C represents a resistor and a capacitor for the passive integrator circuit, UiIs the input voltage.
The invention has the further improvement that the interference source signal is input into the simplified circuit of the acquisition unit of the electronic transformer, and the interference source signal is superposed on the signal to be detected and input into the simplified circuit of the acquisition unit of the electronic transformer.
The invention relates to a disturbed analysis system of an acquisition unit of an electronic transformer, which comprises:
the interference source signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a VFTC signal generated by the switching operation of the GIS system;
the judgment result acquisition module is used for inputting the VFTC signal serving as an interference source signal into a simplified circuit of an acquisition unit of the electronic transformer, analyzing in a grading processing mode to obtain the output of each grade of circuit, and comparing and judging the output with a preset result to obtain a judgment result;
and the positioning module is used for realizing fault positioning based on the judgment result and completing disturbed analysis of the acquisition unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method provided by the invention is characterized in that a Very Fast Transient Current (VFTC) signal generated by Gas Insulated metal enclosed Switchgear (GIS) operation is used as an interference source, and based on a simplified circuit of an acquisition unit of an electronic transformer, an analysis method for conduction interference of the acquisition unit of the electronic transformer is provided, so that the interference condition and failure reason of the electronic transformer in a transformer substation can be analyzed.
In the invention, the simplified circuit can comprise an amplifying circuit, an integrating circuit, a filter circuit and a phase-shifting circuit; the VFTC signal generated by the GIS system switching operation is used as an interference source and is transmitted to the acquisition unit through the primary sensing circuit, and the acquisition unit is greatly damaged due to high frequency and high strength of the VFTC signal, so that an electronic circuit taking the integrated operational amplifier as a main chip is influenced; and analyzing the output condition of each level of processing circuit of the acquisition unit by adopting a graded processing mode, judging whether the output condition accords with an expected result, further obtaining the conclusion whether the chip is damaged, and positioning the fault position of the acquisition unit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below; it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a disturbed analysis method of an acquisition unit of an electronic transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a disturbed analysis method of an acquisition unit of an electronic transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a 330kV GIS system model in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a current transformer acquisition processing flow in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent model of Rogowski coil distribution parameters in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a processing circuit of the acquisition unit according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, a disturbed analysis method for a collecting unit of an electronic transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
the GIS system isolating switch is opened and closed to generate VFTC, and the VFTC flows into a subsequent acquisition unit through a primary sensing module; the acquisition unit comprises an amplifying circuit, an integrating circuit, a filter circuit and a phase-shifting circuit;
and analyzing the influence of the VFTC on each stage of output and positioning the fault position.
The method provided by the embodiment of the invention is particularly a disturbed analysis method for the acquisition unit of the electronic current transformer of the transformer substation, and can be used for checking the defect position and the fault reason of the acquisition unit.
In the embodiment of the invention, the GIS system adopts an empirical model equivalent method to establish a system model.
In the embodiment of the invention, the primary sensing module is suitable for sampling VFTC signals in a GIS system, the sampling principle is based on the electromagnetic induction principle of a Rogowski coil, and the sampled voltage is used as an interference source of the acquisition unit and is used for analyzing the failure condition of the acquisition unit; because the differential signal is acquired by the Rogowski coil, the acquired current signal can be acquired only by processing through a subsequent integrating circuit.
According to the working principle of the method, the VFTC can be superposed on a signal to be detected, enters the acquisition card, is transmitted in the acquisition card and is output to the integrating circuit after passing through the operational amplifier, and due to the fact that the intensity of the VFTC signal is large and the frequency is high, damage to a circuit chip can be caused after the VFTC signal is coupled into the integrating circuit, the output characteristic of the circuit chip can be influenced, and further the characteristic of a subsequent filter circuit can be influenced; the filter circuit is used for removing high-frequency interference in the acquired signals, but when the frequency and the intensity of interference signals from the preceding stage integration circuit are too high, an integrated chip in the filter circuit is damaged, the output characteristic is not in accordance with the actual characteristic, and the characteristic of a subsequent phase-shifting circuit is influenced; the phase-shift circuit changes the phase-frequency characteristic of the transfer function in a certain frequency band, but when the interference signal rate from the preceding stage filter circuit is too high and the intensity is too high, the integrated chip in the circuit is damaged and moved, the output characteristic is not in line with the actual condition, and the normal work of the whole acquisition unit is influenced. By researching the grading output characteristic of the acquisition unit, the fault position of the acquisition unit can be positioned, and a basis is provided for researching the electromagnetic interference protection measures of the acquisition unit.
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, a disturbed analysis method for an acquisition unit of an electronic transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention is a disturbed analysis method for an acquisition unit of an electronic transformer in a transformer substation, and is used for troubleshooting a defect position and a failure cause of the acquisition unit, and specifically includes the following steps:
a VFTC generated by opening and closing operations of a GIS system isolating switch acquires signals through primary sensing and flows into a subsequent acquisition unit;
the acquisition unit comprises an amplifying circuit, an integrating circuit, a filter circuit and a phase-shifting circuit;
and analyzing the influence of the VFTC on each level of output of the acquisition unit, and positioning the fault position.
The method provided by the embodiment of the invention utilizes a VFTC signal generated by the switch operation of a GIS system as an interference source, and is based on a simplified circuit of an acquisition unit of an electronic transformer, and particularly provides an analysis method for conducted interference of the acquisition unit of the electronic transformer.
In the embodiment of the invention, the condition of the isolation switch on-off operation interference source in the GIS is firstly analyzed, and SF between the fractures of the switch is caused by relatively low motion speed of the moving contact of the isolation switch6The gas gap can be subjected to breakdown for many times, the voltage of a switch fracture can fall within a few nanoseconds due to breakdown at each time, and an extremely steep voltage traveling wave is generated and is transmitted along two sides of the switch fracture, so that a high-frequency oscillation process is caused on a GIS and adjacent equipment, and an extremely fast transient phenomenon is formed. The arc reignition caused by each breakdown can cause the overvoltage wave between the contacts to instantly drop within a few nanoseconds, and the generated voltage steep wave is transmitted on a GIS pipe bus and equipment and reflected back and forth to form an ultra-fast transient overvoltage with high amplitude and frequency, and then flows into a subsequent processing unit.
For example, referring to fig. 3, when analyzing a 330kV GIS line system according to an embodiment of the present invention, an equivalent circuit of the system is shown in fig. 3. There are two disconnectors, respectively DS, in the line1、DS2. GIS septumA disconnector is often used for switching on and off no-load lines, and when the line goes from normal operation to no-load state, the disconnector will cause severe electromagnetic transients due to the small capacitive current exceeding its current breaking capability being switched off. A series of transient electromagnetic phenomena generated by the operation of GIS switch equipment can interfere with a current transformer and influence the normal work of the equipment.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in order to analyze the influence of the transient interference signal on each stage of circuit of the acquisition unit, the acquisition processing flow chart of the primary sensing loop of the current transformer according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 4, a primary interference signal must be subjected to low voltage sampling through the rogowski coil, the sampled voltage is output to the acquisition unit, and finally the sampled voltage is output through the merging unit for measurement, relay protection and control purposes. The distribution parameter equivalent model of the rogowski coil in the primary sensing unit is shown in fig. 5.
The relationship between the sampling voltage output by the Rogowski coil and the measured current is,
Therefore, the sampled voltage output by the Rogowski coil is proportional to the speed of change of the current flowing in the tested cable, and is the differential of the current. The sampled signal needs to be integrated by a post-stage circuit, so that the actual measured current signal can be obtained.
Referring to fig. 6, in the analysis and acquisition unit according to the embodiment of the present invention, a passive-active cascade integrator is formed by cascading a typical RC passive integrator and an active integrator with negative feedback in order to meet the requirement of the transformer for measuring the broadband.
In the RC passive integration circuit, when RC > T is satisfied, the relation between the input voltage and the output voltage is,
wherein R, C is the resistance and capacitance, U, respectively, for the passive integrator circuitiIs the input voltage.
When the circuit works normally, the input power frequency signal is 50Hz, namely RC >0.02s is met, and the selected resistor R and the selected capacitor C are large; therefore, the circuit has the problems of serious attenuation to input signals, over-small amplitude of output signals of the integrator, small signal-to-noise ratio of the integrator and the like, and is not suitable for being used in practice.
In the active integrating circuit with negative feedback, a resistor R is connected in parallel with two ends of the integrating capacitor of the active integratorfAnd an inertia link is introduced. The input-output relationship is as follows,
after the feedback resistance is introduced, the condition must be satisfied: rfC > T (T is the period of the input signal), the above formula can be approximated as
Explained further, in the active integrating circuit with negative feedback, the operational amplifier is ideal, the input impedance is infinite, the current of the inverting input end is approximately zero, and the active integrating circuit has a virtual break characteristic; meanwhile, the open-loop gain A of the operational amplifier is infinitely large, negative feedback is not saturated, and the phenomenon of 'virtual short' exists between the non-inverting input end and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, so that the output U of the active integrator can be obtainedoAnd input UiThe relationship between the two is that,
the conversion is made to the time domain to,
in practical application, two ends of the integrating capacitor of the active integrator are connected in parallelResistance RfAnd an inertia link is introduced. Thus, it is possible to pass through the resistor RfA feedback path between input and output is formed, the integral drift of the active integrator is restrained, and the normal operation of the circuit is stabilized; the input-output relationship is changed to,
after the feedback resistor is introduced, in order to become an integrating circuit, the following conditions must be met: rfC > T (T is the period of the input signal), the above formula can be approximated as
Increase the resistance RfR can be more easily realizedfC > T, so that the amplitude and phase errors of the inertia element are reduced.
The output voltage of the rogowski coil is interfered by a high-frequency signal, is superposed on a signal to be detected, enters an acquisition card, is transmitted in the acquisition card, and is output to an integrating circuit after passing through an operational amplifier, and due to the fact that the intensity of a VFTC signal is high and the frequency is high, damage to a circuit chip can be caused after the VFTC signal is coupled into the integrating circuit, the output characteristic of the circuit chip is influenced, and further the characteristic of a subsequent filter circuit is influenced; when the frequency and the intensity of an interference signal from a preceding stage integration circuit are too high, an integrated chip in a filter circuit is possibly damaged, the output characteristic is not in accordance with the actual condition, and the characteristic of a subsequent phase-shifting circuit is influenced; when the interference signal rate from the pre-stage filter circuit is too high and the intensity is too large, the integrated chip in the phase-shifting circuit is damaged, the output characteristic is not in line with the actual condition, and the normal work of the whole acquisition unit is influenced. By researching the grading output characteristic of the acquisition unit, the fault position of the acquisition unit can be positioned, and a basis is provided for researching the electromagnetic interference protection measures of the acquisition unit.
In summary, in order to analyze the interfered condition and failure reason of the electronic transformer in the transformer substation, the present invention provides an analysis method for conducted interference of an acquisition unit of the electronic transformer, which uses VFTC generated by switching operation of a GIS system as an interference source and is based on a simplified circuit of the acquisition unit of the electronic transformer, and a main analysis object is an acquisition processing circuit of the electronic transformer, including: the system comprises an amplifying circuit, an integrating circuit, a filter circuit and a phase-shifting circuit, wherein a VFTC signal generated by the switching operation of a GIS system is used as an interference source and is transmitted to a processing unit through a primary sensing circuit. Due to the high frequency and high intensity of VFTC, it will cause great damage to the processing unit, affecting the electronic circuit whose main chip is the integrated operational amplifier. And analyzing the output condition of each stage of processing circuit by adopting a stage processing mode, judging whether the output condition accords with an expected result so as to obtain a conclusion whether the chip is damaged, and positioning the fault position of the processing unit.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A disturbed analysis method of an acquisition unit of an electronic transformer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting a VFTC signal generated by the switching operation of a GIS system;
inputting the VFTC signal serving as an interference source signal into a simplified circuit of an acquisition unit of the electronic transformer, analyzing in a grading processing mode to obtain the output of each grade of circuit, and comparing and judging the output with a preset result to obtain a judgment result;
and realizing fault positioning based on the judgment result, and completing disturbed analysis of the acquisition unit.
2. The method for analyzing the disturbance of the acquisition unit of the electronic transformer according to claim 1, wherein the GIS system is a system model established by an empirical model equivalent method.
3. The disturbance analysis method of the collecting unit of the electronic transformer according to claim 1, wherein when the VFTC signal generated by the switching operation of the GIS system is collected, the signal collection is completed based on the electromagnetic induction of the rogowski coil.
4. The disturbance analysis method of the acquisition unit of the electronic mutual inductor according to claim 3, wherein the relationship between the sampling voltage output by the Rogowski coil and the measured current is,
wherein M is the mutual inductance of the coil, R0Is a coil equivalent resistance, RsFor sampling the resistance, UsIs the output voltage.
5. The disturbed analysis method of the collecting unit of the electronic mutual inductor according to the claim 3, characterized in that the simplified circuit of the collecting unit of the electronic mutual inductor comprises an amplifying circuit, an integrating circuit, a filtering circuit and a phase shifting circuit; the amplifying circuit is used for amplifying a sampling signal of the Rogowski coil and outputting an amplified voltage signal; the integration circuit is used for integrating the amplified voltage signal and outputting a current signal; the filter circuit is used for filtering high-frequency noise of the current signal to obtain a filtered current signal; the phase shift circuit is used for correcting and outputting the phase-frequency characteristic of the filtered current signal.
6. The disturbance analysis method of the acquisition unit of the electronic transformer according to claim 5, wherein the integration circuit adopts a passive-active cascade integration circuit.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the passive-active cascade integrator circuit, the output of the passive-active cascade integrator circuit is disturbedThe relationship between the input voltage and the output voltage is,
wherein R, C represents a resistor and a capacitor for the passive integrator circuit, UiIs the input voltage.
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein the interference source signal is input to the simplified circuit of the acquisition unit of the electronic transformer, and the interference source signal is superimposed on the signal to be detected and input to the simplified circuit of the acquisition unit of the electronic transformer.
9. A disturbed analysis system of a collecting unit of an electronic transformer, comprising:
the interference source signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a VFTC signal generated by the switching operation of the GIS system;
the judgment result acquisition module is used for inputting the VFTC signal serving as an interference source signal into a simplified circuit of an acquisition unit of the electronic transformer, analyzing in a grading processing mode to obtain the output of each grade of circuit, and comparing and judging the output with a preset result to obtain a judgment result;
and the positioning module is used for realizing fault positioning based on the judgment result and completing disturbed analysis of the acquisition unit.
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