CN114018751A - Device and method for continuously measuring saturated surface dry state of pre-wet aggregate - Google Patents
Device and method for continuously measuring saturated surface dry state of pre-wet aggregate Download PDFInfo
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- CN114018751A CN114018751A CN202111268639.4A CN202111268639A CN114018751A CN 114018751 A CN114018751 A CN 114018751A CN 202111268639 A CN202111268639 A CN 202111268639A CN 114018751 A CN114018751 A CN 114018751A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
- G01N5/045—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder for determining moisture content
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
- F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/08—Humidity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for continuously measuring the saturation surface dry state of pre-wet aggregate, belongs to the technical field of concrete material preparation, and is used for providing a device for quickly enabling light aggregate with wet surface to reach the saturation surface dry state through a simple light aggregate saturation surface dry device. Firstly, measuring the standard water absorption of dry aggregate in a saturated surface dry state; secondly, weighing the mass of the dry aggregate in a hopper before prewetting the dry aggregate; then, calculating to obtain the moisture content of the aggregate surface of the batch in a dry and water-saturated state; then, after the dry aggregate is pre-wetted, weighing the mass of the pre-wetted aggregate in a hopper; then, loading the wet aggregate on a porous plate, conveying the wet aggregate into a drying chamber for drying treatment, and measuring the relative humidity of the drying chamber; then, calculating the moisture quality in the drying chamber; then, respectively weighing the mass of the water flowing out of the water collecting tank below the porous plate and the mass of the condensed water in the heat exchanger; and finally, calculating the actual carried water amount in the dried saturated surface dry aggregate, and when the actual carried water amount is close to the water content of the aggregate surface in a dry and water-saturated state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete material preparation, in particular to a device and a method for continuously measuring the saturation surface dry state of pre-wet aggregate.
Background
The term "saturated surface-dry aggregate" means that the pores in the aggregate are saturated with water, but the surface of the aggregate is free of moisture. The saturated surface dry state is an important technical index of aggregate when concrete is mixed, and large-scale projects usually use the saturated surface dry aggregate as a reference to prepare concrete. The main reason is that for concrete, especially high performance concrete, water content is a key determinant of concrete flow and workability. The water content fluctuation of the concrete is too large, the water-cement ratio of the cementing material is directly influenced, and the mechanical property of the concrete is further influenced. After the saturated face dry aggregate enters the concrete, it neither draws moisture from the concrete nor releases moisture to the concrete mix. The concrete is prepared by using the saturated surface dry standard aggregate, is particularly suitable for light aggregate concrete and recycled aggregate concrete with high water absorption, and can accurately control the water consumption and the aggregate consumption of the concrete.
At present, although a detection method for preparing a saturated surface dry aggregate, namely quality and inspection method standards of sand and stone for ordinary concrete (JGJ 52-2006) is available, the method is only applied to the measurement of the water absorption rate of the aggregate. In the actual concrete mixing process, the saturated surface dry state of the aggregate needs to be continuously and accurately measured. If only the water absorption towel is used for absorbing the surface moisture, the moisture in the middle and the bottom of the aggregate pile can not be removed. On the other hand, in the continuous conveying process of the aggregates, a weighing sensor is difficult to be additionally arranged below a conveying belt or a chain plate, and the weighing of the sensor is influenced by interference factors such as mechanical vibration and the like, so that the weighing method is difficult to be applied to the continuous production process. At present, the saturated surface dry state of a large batch of aggregates in production lacks an effective measuring means.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for continuously measuring the saturation surface dry state of pre-wet aggregate, which can continuously and accurately measure the saturation surface dry state of the pre-wet aggregate in the production process of concrete. The method is slightly influenced by external environment, and is particularly suitable for continuous production occasions with large batches of aggregates needing to be measured. In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for continuously measuring the saturation surface dry state of pre-wet aggregate comprises the following steps:
step S1, measuring the dry aggregate standard water absorption w in a saturated surface dry state;
step S2, before prewetting the dry aggregate, weighing the dry aggregate in a hopper with the mass mg：
Step S3, according to the formula m ═ mgW, calculating the moisture content m of the aggregate surface of the batch in a dry and water-saturated state;
step S4, weighing the pre-wetted aggregate mass m in a hopper after pre-wetting the aggregates；
S5, loading the pre-wetted aggregate on a porous plate, conveying the pre-wetted aggregate into a drying chamber by a conveying device for drying treatment, wherein a water collecting tank is arranged below the porous plate, and a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are arranged in the drying chamber;
step S6, the hot air exhausted from the drying chamber enters a heat exchanger for cooling, and simultaneously, the excessive moisture in the air is condensed and gathered in a water tank below the heat exchanger through a condensing pipe;
step S7, according to the ideal gas state equation, i.e. formula one:
to obtain
The formula II is as follows: m = pV mu/RT, and the relative humidity H is measured according to a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, and according to a formula III: m is1Calculating to obtain the moisture mass M in the drying chamber1，
In the formula: p is the water saturated vapor pressure; v is the volume of the drying chamber; n is the amount of gaseous species; m is the mass of gas; mu is the molar mass of water; r is a universal gas constant; m is1The quality of the water in the drying chamber;
step S8. Weighing to obtain the mass m of water flowing out of the water collecting groove below the porous plate2；
Step S9, weighing or obtaining the mass m of the condensed water in the heat exchanger according to the scale reading3；
Step S10, calculating to obtain the formula IV that the actual carried water amount m' in the dried saturated surface dry aggregate is:
m'=ms-mg-m1-m2-m3←；
and step S11, when the m-m' value is close to or reaches 0, the dried aggregate is close to a saturated surface dry state, and the aggregate is conveyed out of the drying chamber through the conveying device and is put into concrete for stirring.
Further, the conveying device is a horizontal roller conveyor belt or a lifting conveyor.
Further, the measurement standard in step S1 is the quality and inspection method standard of sand and stone for general concrete, i.e., JGJ 52-2006.
The invention also provides a continuous measuring device for the saturation surface dry state of the pre-wet aggregate, which comprises:
the system comprises a porous plate, a water collecting tank and a water collecting tank, wherein pre-wet aggregate is loaded on the porous plate, and the water collecting tank is arranged below the porous plate;
the cavity of the drying chamber is matched with the size of the porous plate, and the inner wall of the drying chamber is provided with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor;
the heat exchange device is communicated with the drying chamber through a first ventilation pipe and a second ventilation pipe respectively, and a hot air blower is arranged on the second ventilation pipe in a matched mode; the heat exchange device comprises a heat exchanger and a condensing pipe; and hot air exhausted from the drying chamber enters the heat exchanger for cooling through the first ventilating pipe, and simultaneously, redundant water in the air is condensed and collected in a water tank below the heat exchanger through the condensing pipe.
Further, the device also comprises a conveying device which is a horizontal roller conveyor belt or a lifting conveyor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention provides a method for continuously measuring the saturation surface dry state of a pre-wet aggregate, which comprises the following steps of firstly, measuring the standard water absorption rate of the dry aggregate in the saturation surface dry state; secondly, weighing the mass of the dry aggregate in a hopper before prewetting the dry aggregate; then, calculating to obtain the moisture content of the aggregate surface of the batch in a dry and water-saturated state; then, after the dry aggregate is pre-wetted, weighing the mass of the pre-wetted aggregate in a hopper; then, the wet aggregate is loaded on a porous plate, is conveyed into a drying chamber by a conveying roller for drying treatment, and the relative humidity of the drying chamber is measured; then, calculating the moisture quality in the drying chamber according to an ideal gas state equation; then, respectively weighing the mass of the water flowing out of the water collecting tank below the porous plate and the mass of the condensed water in the heat exchanger; and finally, calculating the actual carried water amount in the dried saturated surface dry aggregate, and when the water content of the dry saturated surface dry aggregate is close to that of the aggregate surface in a dry and water-saturated state, the dry saturated surface dry aggregate can be used for concrete stirring. The continuous determination device for the pre-wetting aggregate saturated surface dry state provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and simplicity and convenience in operation, and the lightweight aggregate with wet surface can quickly reach the saturated surface dry state through the simple lightweight aggregate saturated surface dry device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for a method for continuously measuring the saturated surface dry state of pre-wet aggregate in an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure:
1-premoistened aggregate; 2-a perforated plate; 3-water collecting tank; 4-a drying chamber; 5-temperature, humidity sensor; 6-a heat exchanger; 7-a condenser pipe; 8-a hot air blower; 9-condensed water, 10-conveying device, 11-ventilation pipe I; 12-vent pipe two.
Detailed Description
The continuous determination device and method for the saturated surface dry state of the pre-wet aggregate according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention. For convenience of description, the directions of "up" and "down" described below are the same as the directions of "up" and "down" in the drawings, but this is not a limitation of the technical solution of the present invention.
The following describes in detail the constitution of the apparatus for continuously measuring the saturated surface dry state of premoistened aggregate according to the present invention with reference to FIG. 1.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, a method for continuously determining the saturated surface dry state of pre-wetted aggregate includes the steps of:
step S1, measuring the dry aggregate standard water absorption w in a saturated surface dry state;
step S2, before prewetting the dry aggregate, weighing the dry aggregate in a hopper with the mass mg：
Step S3, according to the formula m ═ mgW, calculating the moisture content m of the aggregate surface of the batch in a dry and water-saturated state;
step S4, weighing the pre-wetted aggregate 1 in the hopper with the mass m after the aggregate is pre-wetteds；
S5, loading the pre-wetted aggregate 1 on a porous plate 2, conveying the pre-wetted aggregate into a drying chamber 4 by a conveying device for drying, wherein a water collecting tank 3 is arranged below the porous plate 2, and a temperature and humidity sensor 5 is arranged in the drying chamber 4;
step S6, the hot air exhausted from the drying chamber 4 enters the heat exchanger 6 to be cooled, and simultaneously, the excessive moisture in the air is condensed and gathered in a water tank below the heat exchanger 6 through the condensing pipe 7;
step S7, according to the ideal gas state equation, i.e. formula one:
to obtain
The formula II is as follows: m = pV μ/RT, relative humidity H measured by the temperature and humidity sensor 5, according to formula three: m is1Calculating the mass M of water in the drying chamber 41，
In the formula: p is the water saturated vapor pressure; v is the volume of the drying chamber; n is the amount of gaseous species; m is the mass of gas; mu is the molar mass of water; r is a universal gas constant; m is1The quality of the water in the drying chamber;
step S8, weighing to obtain the mass m of the effluent of the water collecting tank 3 below the porous plate2；
Step S9, weighing or reading according to scalesObtaining the mass m of the condensed water 9 in the heat exchanger 63；
Step S10, calculating to obtain the formula IV that the actual carried water amount m' in the dried saturated surface dry aggregate is:
m'=ms-mg-m1-m2-m3←；
and step S11, when the m-m' value is close to or reaches 0, the dried aggregate is close to a saturated surface dry state, and the dried aggregate is conveyed out of the drying chamber 4 through the conveying device and is added with concrete for stirring.
In this embodiment, it is more preferable that the conveying device is a horizontal roller belt or an elevating conveyor.
In this embodiment, the measurement standard in step S1 is more preferably the standard for the quality of sand and stone for general concrete and the standard for the inspection method, i.e., JGJ 52-2006.
With continuing reference to fig. 1, the present invention further provides a continuous determination apparatus for the saturated surface dry state of pre-wet aggregate, which comprises a porous plate 2, a drying chamber 4 and a heat exchange device, wherein the porous plate 2 is loaded with the pre-wet aggregate 1, and a water collection tank 3 is arranged below the porous plate 2; the cavity of the drying chamber 4 is matched with the size of the porous plate 3, and the inner wall of the drying chamber 4 is provided with a temperature sensor 5 and a humidity sensor 5;
the heat exchange device is respectively communicated with the drying chamber 4 through a first ventilation pipe 11 and a second ventilation pipe 12, and the second ventilation pipe 12 is matched with a hot air blower 8; the heat exchange device comprises a heat exchanger 6 and a condensing pipe 7; the hot air exhausted from the drying chamber 4 enters the heat exchanger 6 through a ventilation pipe 11 for cooling, and simultaneously, the excessive moisture in the air is condensed and gathered in a water tank below the heat exchanger 6 through a condensation pipe 7.
In this embodiment, it is more preferable that a conveying device 10 is further included, and the conveying device is a horizontal roller conveyor belt or an elevating conveyor.
The above description is only for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any variations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for continuously measuring the saturation surface dry state of pre-wet aggregate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, measuring the dry aggregate standard water absorption w in a saturated surface dry state;
step S2, before prewetting the dry aggregate, weighing the dry aggregate in a hopper with the mass mg：
Step S3, according to the formula m ═ mgW, calculating the moisture content m of the aggregate surface of the batch in a dry and water-saturated state;
step S4, weighing the pre-wetted aggregate mass m in a hopper after pre-wetting the aggregates；
S5, loading the pre-wetted aggregate on a porous plate, conveying the pre-wetted aggregate into a drying chamber by a conveying device for drying treatment, wherein a water collecting tank is arranged below the porous plate, and a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are arranged in the drying chamber;
step S6, the hot air exhausted from the drying chamber enters a heat exchanger for cooling, and simultaneously, the excessive moisture in the air is condensed and gathered in a water tank below the heat exchanger through a condensing pipe;
step S7, according to the ideal gas state equation, i.e. formula one:
get the formula
II, secondly: and M is pV mu/RT, the relative humidity H is measured according to a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, and the relative humidity H is measured according to a formula III: m is1Calculating to obtain the moisture mass M in the drying chamber1，
In the formula: p is the water saturated vapor pressure; v is the volume of the drying chamber; n is the amount of gaseous species; m is the mass of gas; mu is the molar mass of water; r is a universal gas constant; m is1The quality of the water in the drying chamber;
step S8, weighing to obtain the mass m of water flowing out of the water collecting groove below the porous plate2；
Step S9, weighing or obtaining the mass m of the condensed water in the heat exchanger according to the scale reading3；
Step S10, calculating to obtain the formula IV that the actual carried water amount m' in the dried saturated surface dry aggregate is:
m’＝ms-mg-m1-m2-m3；
and step S11, when the m-m' value is close to or reaches 0, the dried aggregate is close to a saturated surface dry state, and the aggregate is conveyed out of the drying chamber through the conveying device and is put into concrete for stirring.
2. The method for continuously determining the saturated surface dry state of pre-moistened aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the conveying device is a horizontal roller conveyor belt or an elevating conveyor.
3. The method for continuously determining the saturated surface dry state of the pre-moistened aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the determination standard in the step S1 is a standard for quality and inspection method of sand and stone for ordinary concrete, i.e., JGJ 52-2006.
4. A device for continuously measuring the saturation surface dry state of pre-wet aggregate is characterized by comprising:
the system comprises a porous plate, a water collecting tank and a water collecting tank, wherein pre-wet aggregate is loaded on the porous plate, and the water collecting tank is arranged below the porous plate;
the cavity of the drying chamber is matched with the size of the porous plate, and the inner wall of the drying chamber is provided with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor;
the heat exchange device is communicated with the drying chamber through a first ventilation pipe and a second ventilation pipe respectively, and a hot air blower is arranged on the second ventilation pipe in a matched mode; the heat exchange device comprises a heat exchanger and a condensing pipe; and hot air exhausted from the drying chamber enters the heat exchanger for cooling through the first ventilating pipe, and simultaneously, redundant water in the air is condensed and collected in a water tank below the heat exchanger through the condensing pipe.
5. The apparatus for continuously determining the saturated surface dry state of pre-moistened aggregate according to claim 4, further comprising a conveying device, wherein the conveying device is a horizontal roller conveyor belt or an elevating conveyor.
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Citations (11)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0621906U (en) * | 1992-08-20 | 1994-03-22 | 大成建設株式会社 | Aggregate surface water removal device |
| JP2001205616A (en) * | 2000-01-26 | 2001-07-31 | Daiwa Kogyo Kk | Method and apparatus for producing admixture of mortar or concrete |
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| JP2002257817A (en) * | 2001-02-27 | 2002-09-11 | Ohbayashi Corp | Method for measuring surface moisture of aggregate and method using the same for metering concrete material |
| JP2003145529A (en) * | 2001-11-08 | 2003-05-20 | Ohbayashi Corp | Method for stabilizing surface moisture of coarse aggregate |
| JP2006329801A (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-12-07 | Institute Of National Colleges Of Technology Japan | Surface dried state determination method of aggregate |
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| CN206875857U (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2018-01-12 | 三峡大学 | A kind of tiny structure low temperature drying device |
| CN109142132A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-04 | 西安公路研究院 | A kind of aggregate storage coefficient test device and its test method |
| CN110736675A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-01-31 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | sandstone aggregate saturated surface dry water absorption determination device and method |
| CN211668130U (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-10-13 | 鲁东大学 | Solar fruit and vegetable drying system |
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2021
- 2021-10-29 CN CN202111268639.4A patent/CN114018751B/en active Active
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0621906U (en) * | 1992-08-20 | 1994-03-22 | 大成建設株式会社 | Aggregate surface water removal device |
| JP2001205616A (en) * | 2000-01-26 | 2001-07-31 | Daiwa Kogyo Kk | Method and apparatus for producing admixture of mortar or concrete |
| JP2002131208A (en) * | 2000-10-25 | 2002-05-09 | Vector Chuo Kenkyusho:Kk | Method for measuring density in saturated surface-dry condition, rate of water absorption, surface moisture ratio of aggregate and high-temperature aggregate cooling device used for the same |
| JP2002257817A (en) * | 2001-02-27 | 2002-09-11 | Ohbayashi Corp | Method for measuring surface moisture of aggregate and method using the same for metering concrete material |
| JP2003145529A (en) * | 2001-11-08 | 2003-05-20 | Ohbayashi Corp | Method for stabilizing surface moisture of coarse aggregate |
| JP2006329801A (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-12-07 | Institute Of National Colleges Of Technology Japan | Surface dried state determination method of aggregate |
| CN101025394A (en) * | 2006-10-10 | 2007-08-29 | 陈兴伟 | Method and instrument for detecting aggregate relative density and water absorbing rate |
| CN206875857U (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2018-01-12 | 三峡大学 | A kind of tiny structure low temperature drying device |
| CN109142132A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-04 | 西安公路研究院 | A kind of aggregate storage coefficient test device and its test method |
| CN110736675A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-01-31 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | sandstone aggregate saturated surface dry water absorption determination device and method |
| CN211668130U (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-10-13 | 鲁东大学 | Solar fruit and vegetable drying system |
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