CN114018499A - Noise sound source imaging method for hydropower station waterwheel room - Google Patents

Noise sound source imaging method for hydropower station waterwheel room Download PDF

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CN114018499A
CN114018499A CN202111140680.3A CN202111140680A CN114018499A CN 114018499 A CN114018499 A CN 114018499A CN 202111140680 A CN202111140680 A CN 202111140680A CN 114018499 A CN114018499 A CN 114018499A
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noise
imaging
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waterwheel
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CN114018499B (en
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王兆成
刘加
何胜明
卢回忆
刘正国
刘豪睿
曾杰
刘春波
李政
曹宏
刘德广
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Beijing Huacong Zhijia Technology Co ltd
Yalong River Hydropower Development Co Ltd
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Beijing Huacong Zhijia Technology Co ltd
Yalong River Hydropower Development Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
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Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of equipment state monitoring methods and fault location, and particularly relates to a noise sound source imaging method for a waterwheel chamber of a hydropower station. Firstly, designing a multi-sound-sensor synchronous sound acquisition system; generating a relation table of sound propagation distance and sound propagation time between the sound sensor and the hydropower station waterwheel chamber; collecting noise signals of a hydropower station waterwheel chamber, and calculating the intensity Image of the noise signals of the imaging points of the noise sound source to obtain the imaging of the noise sound source of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber; determining the working state of a noise source according to the intensity Image of the noise signal of the noise source imaging point; visualizing the imaging result. According to the method, a plurality of sound sensor devices which are synchronously collected are combined into a large sound sensor array in a waterwheel room, a sound array imaging algorithm is utilized to carry out full-space sound imaging on a water guide bearing, an upper web plate and a waterwheel room workshop, and visual technology is utilized to display the device and the noise excitation intensity of different positions in space, so that the method is used for monitoring the running state of the waterwheel room and positioning faults.

Description

Noise sound source imaging method for hydropower station waterwheel room
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of equipment state monitoring methods and fault location, and particularly relates to a noise sound source imaging method for a waterwheel chamber of a hydropower station.
Background
In the construction of modern hydropower stations, unattended operation is one of the targets, namely, the actual experience and expert knowledge datamation, modeling and standardization of professional technicians of the hydropower stations are realized by utilizing an intelligent sensor technology, a cloud computing technology and a voiceprint recognition technology and acquiring signals of sound, vibration, temperature and the like of the electromechanical equipment of the hydropower stations in the operation process through an intelligent hardware sensor.
The acoustic imaging technology utilizes a microphone array technology to determine the position of a sound source, and the distribution state of the sound source is shown in an image mode. The image represents the intensity of the sound in color or brightness. Thereby helping people to locate the noise position quickly and solving the problem that the sound locating capability of human ears is limited.
In the field of equipment diagnosis, a common noise monitoring method for monitoring faults such as looseness, breakage and pipeline leakage of static equipment is adopted, and a sound source is positioned by adopting a sound imaging instrument to determine the fault position. However, the imaging range of the acoustic image instrument, which is a small acoustic sensor array, is very limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present disclosure provides a method for imaging a noise source in a waterwheel of a hydropower station, so as to solve the above technical problems in the related art.
The hydropower station waterwheel room noise sound source imaging method provided by the disclosure comprises the following steps:
designing a multi-sound-sensor synchronous sound acquisition system;
generating a relation table of sound propagation distance and sound propagation time between the sound sensor and the hydropower station waterwheel chamber;
collecting noise signals of a hydropower station waterwheel chamber, and calculating the intensity Image of the noise signals of the imaging points of the noise sound source to obtain the imaging of the noise sound source of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber;
determining the working state of a noise source according to the intensity Image of the noise signal of the noise source imaging point;
visualizing the imaging result.
Optionally, the multi-sound-sensor synchronous sound collection system includes 6+6+12 sound sensors, where:
the 6 sound sensors are arranged at the upper edge part of the upper web plate of the top cover of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber at intervals of 60 degrees, the 6 sound sensors are arranged at the upper edge part of the water guide bearing fuel tank cover of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber at intervals of 60 degrees, the 12 sound sensors are arranged at the positions of 1 meter and 2 meters of the inner wall of the waterwheel chamber, and each height position is arranged at an interval of 60 degrees;
12 noise source imaging points are set on the top cover upper web plate, and 6 noise source imaging points are uniformly distributed along the circumference at the positions of the top cover upper web plate with the radius of 1.5m and the radius of 2 m; 12 noise source imaging points are set on the water guide bearing oil tank cover, and 12 noise source imaging points are uniformly distributed on the circumference with the radius of 1 m; 24 noise sound source imaging points are set in the space of the waterwheel room, and 12 noise sound source imaging points are uniformly distributed on the circumferences with the heights of 1m and 2.5m respectively.
Optionally, the generating a table of sound propagation distance versus sound propagation time between the sound sensor and the imaging point of the hydropower station waterwheel room noise source comprises:
(a) when there is no obstacle between the sound sensor and the noise source imaging point of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber, the relationship T between the sound propagation distance between the sound sensor and the noise source imaging point and the sound propagation timeijThe expression of (a) is:
Figure BDA0003283644090000021
i＝1,...,N
j＝1,...,M
Figure BDA0003283644090000022
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003283644090000023
is the coordinate of the ith noise source imaging point in the xyz three-dimensional coordinate, 1 ≦ i ≦ 24,
Figure BDA0003283644090000024
the coordinate 1 ≦ j ≦ 6 of the jth sound sensor in the xyz three-dimensional coordinate, dist (,) is the distance between the ith noise source imaging point and the jth sound sensor, v is the sound wave velocity of sound in the air propagation path, and the noise source imaging point is a point corresponding to the spatial position of the noise source;
(b) when there is no obstacle between the sound sensor and the noise source imaging point, the relationship T between the sound propagation distance between the sound sensor and the noise source imaging point and the sound propagation timeijThe expression of (a) is:
Figure BDA0003283644090000025
i＝1,...,N
j＝1,...,M
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003283644090000026
the artificial pulse sound source excitation time of the position of the noise source imaging point of the ith noise source imaging point,
Figure BDA0003283644090000027
the sound wave time when the jth sound sensor receives the corresponding artificial pulse sound source.
Optionally, the acquiring of the noise signal of the waterwheel chamber of the hydropower station and the calculating of the intensity Image of the noise signal of the imaging point of the noise sound source comprise;
(1) setting 6 sound sensors and simultaneously collecting noise signal time domain waveform data of the ith noise sound source in a web plate on a top cover of a hydropower station waterwheel chamber, and recording the data as
Figure BDA0003283644090000031
t is the sampling time, 1 ≦ j ≦ 6;
(2) calculating to obtain the intensity Image of the noise signal of the imaging point of the web noise source on the top cover of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber according to the noise signal time domain waveform dataUpper web plate：
Figure BDA0003283644090000032
1≦i≦12
Wherein, t0For the moment of imaging, TwinFor imaging the window width, τjDiscrete points in the imaging time window;
(3) calculating to obtain the intensity Image of the noise signal of the noise source imaging point of the water guide bearing oil tank cover of the hydropower station waterwheel room by adopting the method in the step (1) and the step (2)Water guide bearing：
Figure BDA0003283644090000033
1≦i≦12；
(4) Calculating to obtain the intensity Image of the noise signal of the space noise sound source imaging point of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber by adopting the method of the step (1) and the step (2)Space(s)：
Figure BDA0003283644090000034
1≦i≦24。
Optionally, the determining the operating state of the noise source according to the intensity Image of the noise signal of the imaging point of the noise source includes:
(1) collecting the maximum intensity S of each noise source in the healthy working state of the waterwheel roomacoustic；
(2) Respectively mixing SacousticComparing with Image at corresponding noise source, if SacousticIf the noise source point is larger than the Image, the noise source point of the waterwheel chamber is judged to be in a normal working state, and if the noise source point of the waterwheel chamber is SacousticAnd if the noise source point is smaller than the Image, judging that the noise source point of the waterwheel chamber is in an abnormal working state.
Optionally, visualizing the imaging result, that is, obtaining the imaging result according to the intensity of the noise signal of the noise sound source imaging point, displaying the imaging result in a three-dimensional space and a slicing mode, or rendering a building information model of a waterwheel room, so that operation and maintenance personnel can view a real-time sound source imaging graph.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, a plurality of synchronously-acquired microphone devices arranged on the outer wall of industrial large-scale equipment or in a large-scale equipment workplace are combined into a large-scale microphone array, full-space acoustic imaging is carried out on the inside of the equipment or the equipment workplace by using an acoustic array imaging algorithm, and the noise excitation intensity of different positions in an internal component or space of the equipment is displayed by using a visualization technology and is used for equipment operation state monitoring and fault location.
Additional aspects and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the disclosure.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and that other drawings can be derived from those drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for imaging a noise source in a waterworks of a hydroelectric power plant according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a waterwheel room multiple sound sensor synchronized sound collection system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a signal waveform of an ith noise source collected by an acoustic sensor array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a water guide bearing noise source imaging shown according to one embodiment of the present disclosure
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating upper web noise source imaging according to one embodiment of the present disclosure
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating waterwheel room noise source imaging according to one embodiment of the present disclosure
In fig. 2 to 6, 1 is a waterwheel space, 2 is an acoustic sensor, 3 is a noise source imaging point, 4 is a noise source imaging point abnormality flag, 5 is a water guide bearing, and 6 is an upper web.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The flow chart of the method for imaging the noise sound source of the waterwheel chamber of the hydropower station is shown in fig. 1, and the method can comprise the following steps:
in step 1, a multi-sound-sensor synchronous sound acquisition system is designed.
In one embodiment, the multi-acoustic-sensor synchronous sound collection system includes 6+6+12 acoustic sensors, as shown in fig. 2, wherein:
the 6 sound sensors are arranged at the upper edge part of the upper web plate of the top cover of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber at intervals of 60 degrees, the 6 sound sensors are arranged at the upper edge part of the water guide bearing fuel tank cover of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber at intervals of 60 degrees, the 12 sound sensors are arranged at the positions of 1 meter and 2 meters of the inner wall of the waterwheel chamber, and each height position is arranged at an interval of 60 degrees;
12 noise source imaging points are set on the top cover upper web plate, and 6 noise source imaging points are uniformly distributed along the circumference at the positions of the top cover upper web plate with the radius of 1.5m and the radius of 2 m; 12 noise source imaging points are set on the water guide bearing oil tank cover, and 12 noise source imaging points are uniformly distributed on the circumference with the radius of 1 m; 24 noise sound source imaging points are set in the space of the waterwheel room, and 12 noise sound source imaging points are uniformly distributed on the circumferences with the heights of 1m and 2.5m respectively.
In step 2, a table of sound propagation distance versus sound propagation time between the sound sensor and the hydropower station waterwheel compartment is generated.
In one embodiment, the generating a table of sound propagation distance versus sound propagation time between the sound sensor and the imaging point of the hydropower station waterwheel house noise source comprises:
(a) when there is no obstacle between the sound sensor and the noise source imaging point of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber, the relationship T between the sound propagation distance between the sound sensor and the noise source imaging point and the sound propagation timeijThe expression of (a) is:
Figure BDA0003283644090000051
i＝1,...,N
j＝1,...,M
Figure BDA0003283644090000052
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003283644090000053
is the coordinate of the ith noise source imaging point in the xyz three-dimensional coordinate, 1 ≦ i ≦ 24,
Figure BDA0003283644090000054
the coordinate 1 ≦ j ≦ 6 of the jth sound sensor in the xyz three-dimensional coordinate, dist (,) is the distance between the ith noise source imaging point and the jth sound sensor, v is the sound wave velocity of sound in the air propagation path, the sound wave velocity can be obtained through actual measurement or by referring to a modification manual, and the noise source imaging point is a point corresponding to the noise source spatial position;
(b) when there is no obstacle between the sound sensor and the noise source imaging point, the relationship T between the sound propagation distance between the sound sensor and the noise source imaging point and the sound propagation timeijThe expression of (a) is:
Figure BDA0003283644090000055
i＝1,...,N
j＝1,...,M
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003283644090000056
the artificial pulse sound source excitation time of the position of the noise source imaging point of the ith noise source imaging point,
Figure BDA0003283644090000057
the sound wave time when the jth sound sensor receives the corresponding artificial pulse sound source.
In step 3, collecting noise signals of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber, and calculating the intensity Image of the noise signals of the noise sound source imaging points to obtain the imaging of the noise sound source of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber.
In one embodiment, the collecting the noise signal of the waterwheel chamber of the hydropower station, and calculating the intensity Image of the noise signal of the imaging point of the noise sound source comprises;
(1) setting 6 sound sensors and simultaneously collecting noise signal time domain waveform data of the ith noise sound source in a web plate on a top cover of a hydropower station waterwheel chamber, and recording the data as
Figure BDA0003283644090000061
t is the sampling time, 1 ≦ j ≦ 6;
(2) calculating to obtain the intensity Image of the noise signal of the imaging point of the web noise source on the top cover of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber according to the noise signal time domain waveform dataUpper web plate：
Figure BDA0003283644090000062
1≦i≦12
Wherein, t0Is the imaging time, t0For the time variation of the time domain waveform of the noise signal, t is an embodiment of the present disclosure0Increasing progressively by taking 50ms as a unit to realize imaging updating at different moments, TwinFor the imaging time window width, i.e. the length of time each time the signal intensity is calculated, in one embodiment of the disclosure the length of time is 50ms, τjThe imaging time window is divided equally for discrete points within the imaging time window. FIG. 3 is a parameter diagram, wherein t0For the moment of imaging, TwinFor imaging the window width, τjAre discrete points within the imaging time window.
The noise acquisition equipment adopted by one embodiment of the disclosure is a set of multi-sound-sensor synchronous acquisition equipment, each sound sensor unit is independently arranged, and noise data acquired by all the sound sensor units are synchronized in time.
(3) Calculating to obtain the intensity Image of the noise signal of the noise source imaging point of the water guide bearing oil tank cover of the hydropower station waterwheel room by adopting the method in the step (1) and the step (2)Water guide bearing：
Figure BDA0003283644090000063
1≦i≦12；
(4) Calculating to obtain the intensity Image of the noise signal of the space noise sound source imaging point of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber by adopting the method of the step (1) and the step (2)Space(s)：
Figure BDA0003283644090000064
1≦i≦24。
In step 4, the working state of the noise source is determined according to the intensity Image of the noise signal of the imaging point of the noise source.
In one embodiment, the determining the operating state of the noise source according to the intensity Image of the noise signal of the imaging point of the noise source includes:
(1) collecting the maximum intensity S of each noise source in the healthy working state of the waterwheel roomacoustic；
(2) Respectively mixing SacousticComparing with Image at corresponding noise source, if SacousticIf the noise source point is larger than the Image, the noise source point of the waterwheel chamber is judged to be in a normal working state, and if the noise source point of the waterwheel chamber is SacousticAnd if the noise source point is smaller than the Image, judging that the noise source point of the waterwheel chamber is in an abnormal working state.
In step 5, the imaging result is visualized. And obtaining an imaging result according to the intensity of the noise signal of the noise sound source imaging point, and displaying the imaging result in a three-dimensional space stereo and slicing mode, or rendering a Building Information Model (BIM) of the waterwheel room for operation and maintenance personnel to check a real-time sound source imaging graph. As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the darker the color of the center of the shadow ball, the louder the noise source in the waterwheel room, and if the noise signal of the imaging point of the noise source is greater than the preset signal intensity, the corresponding triangular alarm symbol is displayed.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, a plurality of sound sensor devices which are synchronously collected are combined into a large sound sensor array in a waterwheel room, a sound array imaging algorithm is utilized to carry out full-space sound imaging on a water guide bearing, an upper web plate and the waterwheel room workshop, and visual technology is utilized to display the noise excitation intensity of different positions in equipment and space, so that the equipment and the waterwheel room are used for monitoring the running state and positioning faults.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A noise sound source imaging method for a hydropower station waterwheel chamber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
designing a multi-sound-sensor synchronous sound acquisition system;
generating a relation table of sound propagation distance and sound propagation time between the sound sensor and the hydropower station waterwheel chamber;
collecting noise signals of a hydropower station waterwheel chamber, and calculating the intensity Image of the noise signals of the imaging points of the noise sound source to obtain the imaging of the noise sound source of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber;
determining the working state of a noise source according to the intensity Image of the noise signal of the noise source imaging point;
visualizing the imaging result.
2. The method of imaging a noise source in a waterworks of a hydroelectric power plant of claim 1, wherein the multi-acoustic sensor synchronized sound collection system comprises 6+6+12 acoustic sensors, wherein:
the 6 sound sensors are arranged at the upper edge part of the upper web plate of the top cover of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber at intervals of 60 degrees, the 6 sound sensors are arranged at the upper edge part of the water guide bearing fuel tank cover of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber at intervals of 60 degrees, the 12 sound sensors are arranged at the positions of 1 meter and 2 meters of the inner wall of the waterwheel chamber, and each height position is arranged at an interval of 60 degrees;
12 noise source imaging points are set on the top cover upper web plate, and 6 noise source imaging points are uniformly distributed along the circumference at the positions of the top cover upper web plate with the radius of 1.5m and the radius of 2 m; 12 noise source imaging points are set on the water guide bearing oil tank cover, and 12 noise source imaging points are uniformly distributed on the circumference with the radius of 1 m; 24 noise sound source imaging points are set in the space of the waterwheel room, and 12 noise sound source imaging points are uniformly distributed on the circumferences with the heights of 1m and 2.5m respectively.
3. The method of imaging a hydroelectric power station watermill house noise source of claim 1 wherein generating a table of sound propagation distance versus sound propagation time between the sound sensor and the imaging point of the hydroelectric power station watermill house noise source comprises:
(a) when there is no obstacle between the sound sensor and the noise source imaging point of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber, the relationship T between the sound propagation distance between the sound sensor and the noise source imaging point and the sound propagation timeijThe expression of (a) is:
Figure FDA0003283644080000011
i＝1,...,N
j＝1,...,M
Figure FDA0003283644080000012
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003283644080000013
is the coordinate of the ith noise source imaging point in the xyz three-dimensional coordinate, 1 ≦ i ≦ 24,
Figure FDA0003283644080000014
the coordinate 1 ≦ j ≦ 6 of the jth sound sensor in the xyz three-dimensional coordinate, dist (,) is the distance between the ith noise source imaging point and the jth sound sensor, v is the sound wave velocity of sound in the air propagation path, and the noise source imaging point is a point corresponding to the spatial position of the noise source;
(b) when there is no obstacle between the sound sensor and the noise source imaging point, the sound between the sound sensor and the noise source imaging pointRelation T between sound propagation distance and sound propagation timeijThe expression of (a) is:
Figure FDA0003283644080000021
i＝1,...,N
j＝1,...,M
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003283644080000022
the artificial pulse sound source excitation time of the position of the noise source imaging point of the ith noise source imaging point,
Figure FDA0003283644080000023
the sound wave time when the jth sound sensor receives the corresponding artificial pulse sound source.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein collecting a hydropower station waterwheel room noise signal, calculating an intensity Image of a noise source imaging point noise signal, comprises;
(1) setting 6 sound sensors and simultaneously collecting noise signal time domain waveform data of the ith noise sound source in a web plate on a top cover of a hydropower station waterwheel chamber, and recording the data as
Figure FDA0003283644080000024
t is the sampling time, 1 ≦ j ≦ 6;
(2) calculating to obtain the intensity Image of the noise signal of the imaging point of the web noise source on the top cover of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber according to the noise signal time domain waveform dataUpper web plate：
Figure FDA0003283644080000025
Wherein, t0For the moment of imaging, TwinFor imaging the window width, τjTo becomeDiscrete points within the image time window;
(3) calculating to obtain the intensity Image of the noise signal of the noise source imaging point of the water guide bearing oil tank cover of the hydropower station waterwheel room by adopting the method in the step (1) and the step (2)Water guide bearing：
Figure FDA0003283644080000026
(4) Calculating to obtain the intensity Image of the noise signal of the space noise sound source imaging point of the hydropower station waterwheel chamber by adopting the method of the step (1) and the step (2)Space(s)：
Figure FDA0003283644080000027
5. The equipment noise sound source imaging method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the operating state at the noise sound source according to the intensity Image of the noise signal at the noise sound source imaging point comprises:
(1) collecting the maximum intensity S of each noise source in the healthy working state of the waterwheel roomacoustic；
(2) Respectively mixing SacousticComparing with Image at corresponding noise source, if SacousticIf the noise source point is larger than the Image, the noise source point of the waterwheel chamber is judged to be in a normal working state, and if the noise source point of the waterwheel chamber is SacousticAnd if the noise source point is smaller than the Image, judging that the noise source point of the waterwheel chamber is in an abnormal working state.
6. The method for imaging the noise sound source of the waterwheel room according to claim 1, wherein the imaging result is visualized, that is, the imaging result is obtained according to the intensity of the noise signal of the noise sound source imaging point and is displayed in a three-dimensional space stereo and slice mode, or a building information model of the waterwheel room is rendered for operation and maintenance personnel to view a real-time sound source imaging graph.
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